CSM Ontology – An Enterprise Crowdsourcing Ontology

IRI:
http://purl.org/csm/1.0
Date:
22/09/2013
Current version:
Revision: 1.0
Authors:
Lars Hetmank
Imported Ontologies:
http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1 (visualise it with LODE)
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ (visualise it with LODE)
Other visualisation:
Ontology source
This work is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

Abstract

The CSM ontology provides concepts and properties for capturing, storing, and linking crowdsourcing data. The designed ontology contains 24 classes, 22 object properties, and 30 data properties to describe the key aspects of a typical enterprise crowdsourcing activity. All semantic entities of the ontology are supplemented with additional annotation information, whereas the rdfs:comment property is applied to explain the meaning of the entity and the rdfs:seeAlso property offers literature references and suggestions for further reading (currently not rendered by the documentation generator). The anticipated benefits for the crowdsourcing domain are in detail: - Providing of a controlled vocabulary that reduces ambiguity and ensures consistency - Enhanced semantic and intelligent search, navigation, and browsing capabilities - Support of proactive recommendation mechanisms - Improved data exchange and integration - Foundation for knowledge discovery, data mining, and machine learning References: [1] Hetmank, L. (2013). Components and Functions of Crowdsourcing Systems – A Systematic Literature Review. In 11th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI). Leipzig. [2] Hetmank, L. (2013). Towards a Semantic Standard for Enterprise Crowdsourcing – A Scenario-based Evaluation of a Conceptual Prototype. In 21st European Conference on In-formation Systems (ECIS). Utrecht. [3] Hetmank, L. (2014). Developing an Ontology for Enterprise Crowdsourcing. In Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik (MKWI). Paderborn.

Table of Content

  1. Classes
  2. Object Properties
  3. Data Properties
  4. Named Individuals
  5. Namespace Declarations

Classes

Action Typec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#ActionType

The class csm:ActionType specifies the type of action that is required to solve a crowdsourcing task.
is in range of
has Action Typeop
has members
categorizeni, codeni, createni, designni, executeni, generate ideani, labelni, playni, rankni, rateni, shareni, solve problemni, testni, transcribeni, translateni, verifyni, writeni

Aggregation Typec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#AggregationType

The class csm:AggregationType specifies the mechanism of how the contributions of the crowd are combined.
is in range of
has Aggregation Typeop
has members
integrativeni, iterativeni, selectiveni

Contributionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Contribution

The class csm:Contribution comprises all data records, content items, documents, or code fragments that contributes to the solution of a crowdsourcing task.
has super-classes
Evaluation Subjectc
is in domain of
descriptiondp, titledp
is in range of
ownsop

Evaluation Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#EvaluationMechanism

The class csm:EvaluationMechanism contains aspects of how a crowdsourcing user or contribution is evaluated.
is in domain of
descriptiondp, has Evaluation Methodop, has Evaluation Sourceop, has Evaluation Specificityop, has Evaluation Subjectop, has Evaluation Timeop, titledp
is in range of
has Evaluation Mechanismop

Evaluation Methodc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#EvaluationMethod

The class csm:EvaluationMethod describes the evaluation method used. There are two major evaluation methods: the majority decision and the control group approach.
is in range of
has Evaluation Methodop
has members
control groupni, majority decisionni

Evaluation Sourcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#EvaluationSource

The class csm:EvaluationSource addresses the choice of the evaluation source. The quality of contributions may either be checked manually by experts or peer workers, often by using a voting and rating mechanism, or automatically by the crowdsourcing system itself, using a specific data processing technique, such as a data mining or machine learning algorithm. Additionally, evaluations services offered by third party organizations may be employed. Finally, the contributors may assess their own work or the requesters may process the evaluation themselves.
has sub-classes
Userc
is in range of
has Evaluation Sourceop
has members
algorithmni, third partyni

Evaluation Specificityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#EvaluationSpecificity

The class csm:EvaluationSpecificity refers to the specificity of the evaluation, which may be a simple acceptance or rejection, a rating, for example, on a five star rating scale, an assessment form that codifies domain knowledge into pre-authored statements, or a custom free text response.
is in range of
has Evaluation Specificityop
has members
accept or rejectni, assessment formni, free formni, ratingni

Evaluation Subjectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#EvaluationSubject

The class:EvaluationSubject defines the subject of the evaluation (contribution, participant).
has sub-classes
Contributionc, Participantc
is in range of
has Evaluation Subjectop

Evaluation Timec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#EvaluationTime

The class csm:Evaluation defines the point of time when the user or the contribution is evaluated. A user may be evaluated before starting the first task (ex-ante) or after finishing a task (ex-post). The former applies to entry questions, pre-qualification tasks, or gold standard data to determine the expertise or skill level of a worker. The latter considers acceptance and rejection decisions about historic contributions. The users may also get feedback on the quality of the contribution during the work in progress.
is in range of
has Evaluation Timeop
has members
afterni, beforeni, simultaneouslyni

External Resourcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#ExternalResource

The class csm:TechnicalResource refers to all inputs, such as software applications, documents, or datasets, that are required to accomplish the crowdsourcing task. A software application may be an online survey tool that is not part of the crowdsourcing system itself but has to be used to solve the problem. Often, the instructions for a task cannot be described in short sentences. In these cases, additional information in the form of a combination of text, audio, or video elements must be included.
is in domain of
descriptiondp, titledp
is in range of
has External Resourceop

Human Requirementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#HumanRequirement

The class csm:HumanRequirement configures the characteristics of the crowd, such as the gender, the age, the spoken language, or the country of origin. Other attributes considered in the ontology define the qualifications of the participant. These are the job title, the qualification type, the corresponding qualification level, and the number of approved tasks of a certain qualification.
has super-classes
Requirementc
is in domain of
approval ratedp, countrydp, genderdp, job titledp, languagedp, maximum agedp, minimum agedp, number of approved taskdp, qualification leveldp, qualification typedp

Latency Typec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#LatencyType

The class csm:LatencyType specifies if the answer is untimed or if an immediate reply is expected. For some tasks, such as the collaborative creation of a knowledge repository, the focus lies on the accuracy of the contribution. In this case, the latency between issuing a task and getting an answer to the task does not matter. These tasks are defined as untimed. In other cases, such as an instant translation during a meeting, receiving an immediate reply is critical for the quality experience of the requester.
is in range of
has Latency Typeop
has members
immediateni, untimedni

Participantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Participant

The class csm:Participant defines a person who submits a contribution. (related terms: crowdsourcees, crowd, human cloud, recipient, worker, provider, designated agent)
has super-classes
Evaluation Subjectc
Userc
is in domain of
submitsop

Payout Methodc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#PayoutMethod

The class csm:PayoutMethod defines which participants in the crowdsourcing activity are rewarded — for example, all, the winner only, or the top ten participants.
is in range of
has Payout Methodop
has members
all participantsni, top X participantsni, winner participantni

Projectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Project

The class csm:Project defines parameters of the crowdsourcing project, such as the goal, the category, or the submission and closure time.
is in domain of
categorydp, closure timedp, descriptiondp, goaldp, has Taskop, submission timedp, titledp
is in range of
issuesop

Requesterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Requester

The class csm:Requester defines the initiator of a crowdsourcing project, such as an individual, a company, or a public organization. (related terms: crowdsourcer, client, system owner)
has super-classes
Userc
is in domain of
issuesop

Requirementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Requirement

The class csm:Requirement defines any human or technical aspect that is required to solve a crowdsourcing task.
has sub-classes
Human Requirementc, Technical Requirementc
is in domain of
descriptiondp, titledp
is in range of
imposesop

Reward Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#RewardMechanism

The class csm:RewardMechanism describes the configuration of a certain type of reward mechanism.
is in domain of
amountdp, currencydp, descriptiondp, has Payout Methodop, has Reward Natureop, has Reward Typeop, titledp
is in range of
has Reward Mechanismop

Reward Naturec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#RewardNature

The class csm:RewardNature describes how a worker’s contribution is rewarded. A reward may either be fixed, such as a certain amount of money disbursed after completing a task, proportional, such as a share of virtual points, or performance-based, such as a prize that depends on the ranking in a competition. If no reward is stated, the nature of the reward is marked as voluntary.
is in range of
has Reward Natureop
has members
fixedni, performance basedni, proportionalni, voluntaryni

Reward Typec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#RewardType

The class csm:RewardType specifies what kind of reward is offered. On the one hand, a reward may be of immaterial value, such as providing virtual points that improve the worker’s reputation, money in the form of a bonus that increases the salary, or access to a resource, which may or may not be related to the actual crowdsourcing initiative itself, such as, for example, a knowledge repository. In addition, physical goods may be used to compensate workers for their efforts.
is in range of
has Reward Typeop
has members
couponni, discountni, goodni, lotteryni, moneyni, no rewardni, resource accessni, virtual pointsni

Target Audiencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#TargetAudience

The class csm:TargetAudience sets the target audience to either internal crowd (the employees of the enterprise), external crowd (the public domain), or hybrid crowd (both employees and the public domain).
is in range of
has Target Audienceop
has members
externalni, hybridni, internalni

Taskc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Task

The class csm:Task describes the smallest indivisible unit of work in a crowdsourcing process.
is in domain of
complexity leveldp, confidentiality leveldp, descriptiondp, estimated durationdp, has Action Typeop, has Aggregation Typeop, has Evaluation Mechanismop, has External Resourceop, has Latency Typeop, has Nextop, has Previousop, has Reward Mechanismop, has Target Audienceop, imposesop, instructiondp, interaction modedp, number of assignmentsdp, ownsop, priority leveldp, titledp, visibility modedp
is in range of
has Nextop, has Previousop, has Taskop

Technical Requirementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#TechnicalRequirement

The class csm:Technical Requirement determines the required hardware and software specifications.
has super-classes
Requirementc
is in domain of
hardware devicedp, hardware featuredp, operating systemdp, software platformdp

Userc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#User

The class csm:User defines a person or an organization that is involved in a crowdsourcing activity.
is equivalent to
business entity
person
organization or person
has super-classes
Evaluation Sourcec
has sub-classes
Participantc, Requesterc

Object Properties

has Action Typeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasActionType

has domain
Taskc
has range
Action Typec

has Aggregation Typeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasAggregationType

has domain
Taskc
has range
Aggregation Typec

has Evaluation Mechanismop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasEvaluationMechanism

has domain
Taskc
has range
Evaluation Mechanismc

has Evaluation Methodop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasEvaluationMethod

has domain
Evaluation Mechanismc
has range
Evaluation Methodc

has Evaluation Sourceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasEvaluationSource

has domain
Evaluation Mechanismc
has range
Evaluation Sourcec

has Evaluation Specificityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasEvaluationSpecificity

has domain
Evaluation Mechanismc
has range
Evaluation Specificityc

has Evaluation Subjectop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasEvaluationSubject

has domain
Evaluation Mechanismc
has range
Evaluation Subjectc

has Evaluation Timeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasEvaluationTime

has domain
Evaluation Mechanismc
has range
Evaluation Timec

has External Resourceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasExternalResource

has domain
Taskc
has range
External Resourcec

has Latency Typeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasLatencyType

has domain
Taskc
has range
Latency Typec

has Nextop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasNext

has domain
Taskc
has range
Taskc
is inverse of
has Previousop

has Payout Methodop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasPayoutMethod

has domain
Reward Mechanismc
has range
Payout Methodc

has Previousop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasPrevious

has domain
Taskc
has range
Taskc
is inverse of
has Nextop

has Reward Mechanismop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasRewardMechanism

has domain
Taskc
has range
Reward Mechanismc

has Reward Natureop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasRewardNature

has domain
Reward Mechanismc
has range
Reward Naturec

has Reward Typeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasRewardType

has domain
Reward Mechanismc
has range
Reward Typec

has Target Audienceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasTargetAudience

has domain
Taskc
has range
Target Audiencec

has Taskop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hasTask

has domain
Projectc
has range
Taskc

imposesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#imposes

The object property csm:imposes defines the requirements of a crowdsourcing task.
has domain
Taskc
has range
Requirementc

issuesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#issues

The object property csm:issues defines the projects that a requester issues.
has domain
Requesterc
has range
Projectc

ownsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#owns

The object property csm:owns defines the contributions that belong to a crowdsourcing task.
has domain
Taskc
has range
Contributionc

submitsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#submits

The object property csm:submits defines the contributions that a participant submits.
has domain
Participantc

Data Properties

amountdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#amount

The data property csm:amount defines the number of points or monetary value.
has domain
Reward Mechanismc
has range
float

approval ratedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#approvalRate

The data property csm:approval Rate defines the ratio of properly solved tasks to the number of submitted tasks.
has domain
Human Requirementc
has range
float

categorydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#category

The data property csm:category defines the class of a crowdsourcing activity (e.g., idea generation, problem-solving, or content creation).
has domain
Projectc
has range
literal

closure timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#closureTime

The data property csm:closureTime defines the time when the task expires.
has domain
Projectc
has range
date time

complexity leveldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#complexityLevel

The data property csm:complexityLevel specifies the amount of skills, experiences and knowledge that is required to solve the crowdsourcing task. Use 'simple', 'moderate', 'complex' to determine the complexity level.
has domain
Taskc
has range
literal

confidentiality leveldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#confidentialityLevel

The data property csm:confidentialityLevel classifies if the task and the associated documents that can be shared with third parties.
has domain
Taskc

countrydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#country

The data property csm:country defines the country in which a participant should live (use 3-digit country code according to ISO 3166-1 alpha-3).
has domain
Human Requirementc
has range
string

currencydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#currency

The data property csm:currency defines the currency of a monetary reward (use 3-digit currency code according to ISO 4217).
has domain
Reward Mechanismc
has range
string

descriptiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#description

The data property csm:description describes the instance readable for humans.
has domain
Contributionc
Evaluation Mechanismc
External Resourcec
Projectc
Requirementc
Reward Mechanismc
Taskc
has range
literal

estimated durationdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#estimatedDuration

The data property csm:estimatedDuration specifies the estimated time required to complete the crowdsourcing task.
has domain
Taskc
has range
int

genderdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#gender

The data property csm:gender defines the gender that a participant should have (use 1-digit gender code according to ISO/IEC 5218; 0 = not known, 1 = male, 2 = female, 9 = not applicable).
has domain
Human Requirementc
has range
unsigned byte

goaldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#goal

The data property csm:goal is a free text that contains the goal of the task.
has domain
Projectc
has range
literal

hardware devicedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hardwareDevice

any hardware device (e.g., personal computer, mobile phone, smartphone, tablet computer)
has domain
Technical Requirementc
has range
literal

hardware featuredp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#hardwareFeature

The data property csm:hardwareFeature defines any build-in feature of the hardware device (e.g., processor, memory, GPS, camera, accelerometer, gyrometer).
has domain
Technical Requirementc
has range
literal

instructiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#instruction

The data property csm:instruction is a free text that contains the instruction for the task.
has domain
Taskc
has range
literal

interaction modedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#interactionMode

The data property csm:interactionMode enables or disables peer-to-peer collaboration by forbidding or permitting direct communication between the participants.
has domain
Taskc
has range
boolean

job titledp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#jobTitle

The data property csm:jobTitle defines the job title that a participant should have (use 6-digit code of the standard occupational classification (SOC)).
has domain
Human Requirementc
has range
string

languagedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#language

The data property csm:language defines the language that a participant should speak (use 2-digit language code according to ISO 639-1).
has domain
Human Requirementc
has range
language

maximum agedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#ageMax

The data property csm:ageMax defines the maximum age in years.
has domain
Human Requirementc
has range
unsigned byte

minimum agedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#ageMin

The data property csm:ageMin defines the minimum age in years.
has domain
Human Requirementc
has range
unsigned byte

number of approved taskdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#numberOfApprovedTask

The data property csm:numberOfApprovedTask defines the number of properly solved tasks.
has domain
Human Requirementc
has range
unsigned int

number of assignmentsdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#numberOfAssignments

The data property csm:numberOfAssignments defines the number of participants who will be assigned to one task.
has domain
Taskc
has range
unsigned int

operating systemdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#operatingSystem

The data property csm:operatingSystem defines any operating system for personal computers or mobile devices (e.g., Microsoft Windows, OS X, Linux, Android, Windows Phone, iOS).
has domain
Technical Requirementc
has range
literal

priority leveldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#priorityLevel

The data property csm:priorityLevel defines the priority of a crowdsourcing task. Depending on the importance of concurrent tasks, the requester may either increase or decrease the attention of the crowd.
has domain
Taskc

qualification leveldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#qualificationLevel

The data property csm:qualificationLevel defines the proficiency level of a certain qualification (poor, fair, good, very good, excellent).
has domain
Human Requirementc
has range
literal

qualification typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#qualificationType

The data property csm:qualificationType defines any academic degree, certificate, or skill required to solve the task.
has domain
Human Requirementc
has range
literal

software platformdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#softwarePlatform

any operating system independent platform (e.g., Java, Firefox)
has domain
Technical Requirementc
has range
literal

submission timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#submissionTime

The data property csm:submissionTime defines the time when the task is accessible for the crowd.
has domain
Projectc
has range
date time

titledp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#title

The data property csm:title is a short phrase to improve the human readability of an instance.
has domain
Contributionc
Evaluation Mechanismc
External Resourcec
Projectc
Requirementc
Reward Mechanismc
Taskc
has range
literal

visibility modedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#visibilityMode

The data property csm:visibilityMode defines whether the workers can or can not see each other’s contributions.
has domain
Taskc
has range
boolean

Named Individuals

accept or rejectni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#AcceptReject

belongs to
Evaluation Specificityc

afterni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#After

The evaluation subject is evaluated after finishing the crowdsourcing task. This applies to both participants and contributions.
belongs to
Evaluation Timec

algorithmni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Algorithm

An algorithm is applied to evaluate the contributions or participants.
belongs to
Evaluation Sourcec

all participantsni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#AllParticipants

belongs to
Payout Methodc

assessment formni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#AssessmentForm

belongs to
Evaluation Specificityc

beforeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Before

The evaluation subject is evaluated before starting the crowdsourcing task. This only applies to participants.
belongs to
Evaluation Timec

categorizeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Categorize

to put someone or something into groups (synonym: classify, organize)
belongs to
Action Typec

codeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Code

to develop software
belongs to
Action Typec

control groupni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#ControlGroup

The control group approach assigns the task to one worker who completes the task. Afterwards, the crowdsourcing system sends the control group multiple validation tasks with the request to rate the submitted solutions. The solution will be accepted if the majority of the control group members decide it is correct.
belongs to
Evaluation Methodc

couponni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Coupon

belongs to
Reward Typec

createni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Create

to create an artifact or a prototype
belongs to
Action Typec

designni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Design

to plan or develop something that should be created in the future (compare: create)
belongs to
Action Typec

discountni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Discount

belongs to
Reward Typec

executeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Execute

to execute a task, e.g., do research, general office work, or
belongs to
Action Typec

externalni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#External

Example: to gain insights about service experience, provide ideas for new product design
belongs to
Target Audiencec

fixedni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Fixed

belongs to
Reward Naturec

free formni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#FreeForm

belongs to
Evaluation Specificityc

generate ideani back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#GenerateIdea

to collect innovative product or service ideas using brainstorming
belongs to
Action Typec

goodni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Good

belongs to
Reward Typec

hybridni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Hybrid

belongs to
Target Audiencec

immediateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Immediate

belongs to
Latency Typec

integrativeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Integrative

Example: knowledge acquisition and aggregation (similar to accumulative crowdsourcing, collaboration-based)
belongs to
Aggregation Typec

internalni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Internal

Example: to discover knowledge within the company that might be confidential
belongs to
Target Audiencec

iterativeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Iterative

belongs to
Aggregation Typec

labelni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Label

to give someone or something a title or a name (synonym: tag)
belongs to
Action Typec

lotteryni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Lottery

belongs to
Reward Typec

majority decisionni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#MajorityDecision

The majority decision approach assigns the task to multiple users who submit their individual results to the crowdsourcing system, and finally selects the most frequent result.
belongs to
Evaluation Methodc

moneyni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Money

belongs to
Reward Typec

no rewardni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#NoReward

belongs to
Reward Typec

performance basedni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#PerformanceBased

belongs to
Reward Naturec

playni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Play

to play a game
belongs to
Action Typec

proportionalni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Proportional

belongs to
Reward Naturec

rankni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Rank

to put someone or something in order (synonym: order, arrange)
belongs to
Action Typec

rateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Rate

to give someone or something a quality value, e.g., on a five star rating scale
belongs to
Action Typec

ratingni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Rating

belongs to
Evaluation Specificityc

resource accessni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#ResourceAccess

belongs to
Reward Typec

selectiveni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Selective

(similar to competitive crowdsourcing, tournament-based crowdsourcing)
belongs to
Aggregation Typec

shareni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Share

to share an artifact
belongs to
Action Typec

simultaneouslyni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Simultaneously

The evaluation subject is simultaneously evaluated during solving the crowdsourcing task. This applies to both participants and contributions.
belongs to
Evaluation Timec

solve problemni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#SolveProblem

to solve complex theoretical and practical problems, e.g, finding an algorithm
belongs to
Action Typec

testni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Test

to check if a product or service works properly, e.g., search relevance, product usability, functionality, security, localization
belongs to
Action Typec

third partyni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#ThirdParty

A third party organization is contracted to evaluate the contributions or participants.
belongs to
Evaluation Sourcec

top X participantsni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#TopXParticipants

belongs to
Payout Methodc

transcribeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Transcribe

to digitize audio and video
belongs to
Action Typec

translateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Translate

to translate words, phrases, or documents from one language into another language
belongs to
Action Typec

untimedni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Untimed

belongs to
Latency Typec

verifyni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Verify

to check if data or information is correct or true (synonym: check) (apply csm:test to check products and services)
belongs to
Action Typec

virtual pointsni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#VirtualPoints

belongs to
Reward Typec

voluntaryni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Voluntary

belongs to
Reward Naturec

winner participantni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#WinnerParticipants

belongs to
Payout Methodc

writeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/csm/1.0#Write

to describe something or someone
belongs to
Action Typec

Namespace Declarations back to ToC

default namespace
http://purl.org/csm/1.0#
0-1
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
csm
http://purl.org/csm/
csm-content
http://www.larshetmank.com/vocabulary/csm-content/
dc
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
goodrelations
http://purl.org/goodrelations/
owl
http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
rdf
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
schema-org
http://schema.org/
v1
http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#
xsd
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

This HTML document was obtained by processing the OWL ontology source code through LODE, Live OWL Documentation Environment, developed by Silvio Peroni.