Allotrope Foundation Taxonomy (AFT)

A range is an interval of values with a lower and/or upper limit. [Allotrope]

A set of codes in a controlled vocabulary. [Allotrope]

An entry in a list of controlled symbols denoting a classification. [Allotrope]

A condition is an information content entity that is about the portion of reality under which something occurs or is valid. The condition is limited by its scope and may have preconditions. It restricts the possible realizations. [Allotrope]

An and condition is a collection of conditions that is valid if all condition items of it are valid. [Allotrope]

An or condition is a collection of conditions that is valid if at least one of its condition items is valid. [Allotrope]

A one of condition is a collection of conditions that is valid if exactly one of its condition items is valid. [Allotrope]

A list is an ordered collection of items. [Allotrope]

An entry in a list. [Allotrope]

A series is a list (ordered collection) of literal values. [Allotrope]

An individual entry in a series with an index and a numeric value. [Allotrope]

An aggregation of data items for a purpose. [Allotrope]

An item is an individual member of some collection. [Allotrope]

A collection where each member is disjoint from another. [Allotrope]

A ion source is a device that has the function to produce or provide ions. [Allotrope]

ion source of a mass spectrometer

A sample passage is the compartment of a device that handles the conveying of samples. [Allotrope]

A piece of apparatus that is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes. [CHMO]

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a gas supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]

A plate is a tray with multiple "wells" used as small test tubes. [Wikipedia]

A mass-to-charge analyzer is a separation device that separates ionized masses by their mass to charge ratio. [Allotrope]

A piece of equipment that allows for automated sampling or sample loading. [Allotrope]

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an electrolytic cell, that is used to determine electric charge by measuring the amount of an element deposited or released at the cathode during a specified time. [Allotrope]

A fraction collector is a collecting device for recovering fractional volumes of the column effluent. [IUPAC]

A source of a range of electromagnetic waves. [Allotrope]

A flow cell is a measurement chamber that allows the sample to flow through. [Allotrope]

A communication channel or channel, refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel. A channel is used to convey an information signal, for example a digital bit stream, from one or several senders (or transmitters) to one or several receivers. [Wikipedia]

A reactor is a container for controlling a biological or chemical reaction or process. [Allotrope]

A spectrophotometer is a photometer that measures the intensity of light at each individual wavelength. [Allotrope]

A flame ionization detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the measurement of ions created via flame ionization. [Allotrope]

A chromatography column is a type of column that contains a stationary phase for chromatographic separation of compounds. [Allotrope]

A weighing device is a measurement device for measuring mass by the gravitational force on earth. [Allotrope]

A device that introduces objects into the inside of another object. [Allotrope]

A homogenizer is a device used for homogenization of various types of material. [Wikipedia]

A thermal conductivity detector is a measurement component that measures changes in the thermal conductivity of the column effluent and compares it to a reference flow of carrier gas. [Allotrope]

Any piece of apparatus used to detect an analyte. [CHMO]

A separate enclosed physical section of a device that can contain other devices. [Allotrope]

A capillary is a tube with a small diameter. [Allotrope]

A device is an artifact that is designed to perform a function primarily by means of its mechanical or electrical nature. [Allotrope]

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source, a hollow prism and a photoelectric cell that is used to detect non-ultraviolet-absorbing molecules in a sample separated by chromatography. Light from the sample passes through a flow cell with two channels towards the photoelectric cell. One channel holds the eluent from the column, whereas the other holds a control sample (solvent that has not passed through the column). Detection occurs when the light is bent due to molecules eluting from the column, and this is read as a disparity between the two channels. [CHMO]

A conductivity probe to calculate the conductance value of a material at the selected reference temperature. [Allotrope]

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]

A device that has the function to contain material. [Allotrope]

box, can, plate, rack

tray, flask, vial

A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient. [Allotrope]

An electrode is an electrically-conducting device that exchanges electrons with an electrolyte as part of an electrical circuit. [Allotrope]

A damper is a device that deadens, restrains, or depresses. [Wikipedia]

A pump is a device that is used to pump. [CHMO]

A device used to control the temperature in a compartment. [Allotrope]

An electron capture detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the attachment of electrons via electron capture ionization. [Allotrope]

A vial rack is a tray capable of holding multiple vials within a defined layout. [Allotrope]

A Raman spectrometer is a piece of apparatus that allows for the measurement of Raman spectra. It consists of a laser and a detector. [Allotrope]

A device to acquire signals or data. [Allotrope]

A device used to split a fluid into two component streams. [Allotrope]

A fluorescence detector is a detector that detects material by way of the measurement of the emitted fluorescence light after excitation with light. [Allotrope]

A degasser is a device to remove gasses from a fluid which could otherwise form bubbles. [Wikipedia]

A piece of apparatus that produces an output that depends on the number of ions that it encounters. [CHMO]

A measurement chamber is a closed space that contains the sample for measurement. [Allotrope]

A mass spectrometer is a measurement device that measures the m/z values and abundances of gas-phase ions. [IUPAC]

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations where the mobile phase is a fluid above and relatively close to tits critical temperature and pressure. [Allotrope]

A balance is a weighing device, intended predominantly for medium to low capacity weighments, with moderate to high resolutions, mostly used indoors. [Allotrope]

A tube, or tubing, is a long hollow cylinder used for moving fluids (liquids or gases) or to protect electrical or optical cables and wires. [Wikipedia]

An electronic absorbance detector is a detector that detects material by way of the electronic absorbance of a electromagnetic ray transmitted through the material. [Allotrope]

A syringe is an injection device that is a simple pump consisting of a plunger that fits tightly in a tube. The plunger can be pulled and pushed along inside a cylindrical tube (called a barrel), allowing the syringe to take in and expel a liquid or gas through an orifice at the open end of the tube. [Wikipedia]

A display is a device or element of an instrument serving to represent information. [Allotrope]

A kind of heat exchanger or radiator designed to remove excess heat. [Wikipedia]

A valve is a plumbing equipment that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. [Wikipedia]

A liquid chromatograph is a system used to perform bioseparation techniques that are based on interactions of the sample with the mobile and stationary phases. [Allotrope]

The system consists of a chromatographic separation unit and a computer running the system control software. The system can be operated in a fully automated manner or in manual mode. It consists of different modules, components, and accessories.  [Allotrope]

A stirrer is a mixing device used for stirring something. [Allotrope]

An oven is a device for heating an enclosed space. [Allotrope]

A solvent channel is a channel where a liquid can flow through. [Allotrope]

A quaternary pump has 4 channels.

Any piece of apparatus used to measure electric charge. [CHMO]

A titrator is a device that automates titrations. [Allotrope]

A long narrow cut or opening. [Allotrope]

A site that is related to a device. [Allotrope]

A device used for heating something. [Allotrope]

An agitator is a device or mechanism to put something into motion. [Wikipedia]

A mixer is a device used for mixing. [Allotrope]

Jars are cylindrical containers with wide openings that may be sealed. [Wikipedia]

A photometer, generally, is an instrument that measures light intensity or optical properties of solutions or surfaces. [Wikipedia]

A controlled lab reactor is a reactor that maintains temperature and other reaction parameters and has measuring devices. [Allotrope]

In chemistry, a Controlled Lab Reactor or CLR is any reaction system where there is an element of automated control. Generally these devices refers to a jacketed glass vessel where a circulating chiller unit pumps a thermal control fluid through the jacket to accurately control the temperature of the vessel contents. Additional to this, it is common to have a series of sensors (temperature, pH, pressure) measuring and recording parameters about the reactor contents. It is additionally possible to control pumps to act on the reactor. [Wikipedia]

A pan is a flat container. [Allotrope]

A mass flow controller is a device that determines the mixture of different materials. [Allotrope]

In DVS, the mass flow controller generates the required mixture of dry and saturated gas.

A computer is a general-purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem. [Wikipedia]

A sample is a device that function to sample known amounts of material. [Allotrope]

A tubing connector is a part used to connect/install tubing, components, and accessories as part of a system flow path configuration. [Allotrope]

A visible lamp is a light source with a visible wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm. [Allotrope]

In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance). [Wikipedia]

A lamp is an electromagnetic radiation source of incoherent radiation. [IUPAC]

An artifact is a material that is designed and built for a purpose. [Allotrope]

A device that measures some aspect of reality, such as a quality or the profile of a process. [Allotrope]

A device that has the function to control some quality or process. [Allotrope]

A device that has the function to couple things. [Allotrope]

A device that is used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system. [Wikipedia]

A device that has the function to separate materials. [Allotrope]

A transferring device is a device that is designed to transfer material. [Allotrope]

A collecting device is a device that has the function to collect things. [Allotrope]

A measurement component is a component of a measuring system, that does measuring. [Allotrope]

A guiding device is a device that has the function to direct a flow in a specific direction. [Allotrope]

A distribution device is a device with the function to distribute a stream into multiple parts. [Allotrope]

A clock is a measurement device used to measure, keep, and indicate time. [Wikipedia]

A bench is a large table in a workspace or laboratory. [Allotrope]

A placement device is a device that is used to hold or place a material in a defined location. [Allotrope]

A table is a placement device with a flat top and one or more legs, providing a level surface for placement. [Allotrope]

A nozzle is a transferring device consisting of jet port with an opening for regulating and/or directing the flow of fluid. [Allotrope]

A covering device is a device that has the function to cover something. [Allotrope]

A jacket is a covering device that is placed around something. [Allotrope]

pipe jacket, reactor jacket

A connecting device is a device that has the function to connect things. [Allotrope]

A shaping device is a conversion device that alters the shape of some material. [Allotrope]

A conversion device is a device that has the function to convert something. [Allotrope]

A tray is a shallow, flat container. [Allotrope]

A communication device is a device that has the function to communicate (transport information). [Allotrope]

To equilibrate is a function which is realized in the process of equilibration. [Allotrope]

To calibrate is a function to establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument, or measuring system, or values represented by a material measure or a reference material, and the corresponding values realized by standards. [IUPAC]

Function to add a member to an aggregate or to bring a flow together. [Allotrope]

Solar panels collect ultraviolet sun rays to power small mechanisms. [NIST]

To bring two or more flows (material, energy, signal) together. [NIST]

The to consume function is a function that is realized in a process where a participant exists at the start of the process but no longer exists at the end of the process. [Allotrope]

To make something known to the user about a flow. [NIST]

A small window in the water container of a coffee maker indicates the level of water in the machine. [NIST]

To alter or govern the size or amplitude of a flow (material, energy, signal). [NIST]

To sense is a signaling function that is perceiving or becoming aware, of a flow. [NIST]

To firmly fix a flow path. [NIST]

On a bicycling glove, a Velcro strap secures the human hand in the correct place. [NIST]

To submit information to a particular treatment or method having a set number of operations or steps. [NIST]

A computer processes a login request signal before allowing a user access to its facilities. [NIST]

A information processing function that generates integrals on numerical data item. [Allotrope]

To calculate is a data transformation function to solve problems for numbers or quantities. [Allotrope]

To firmly fix a material into a defined location, or secure an energy or signal into a specific course. [NIST]

The material processing function to get rid of dirt, impurities, or extraneous unwanted matter. [Allotrope]

The function of a device realized when administering a substance applied particularly to the forcible insertion of a liquid or gas by means of a syringe, pump, etc. [OBI]

To count is to observe the quantitative number of discrete things. [Allotrope]

To discover information about the presence of a flow. [NIST]

A gauge on the top of a gas cylinder detects proper pressure ranges. [NIST]

To determine the magnitude of a flow. [NIST]

An analog thermostat measures temperature through a bimetallic strip. [NIST]

To move an energy from one place to another. [NIST]

In a hand held power sander, the housing of the sander transmits human force to the object being sanded. [NIST]

A function that gives thermal energy to a recipient. [Allotrope]

To communicate is the function to transferring information from one material entity to another. [Allotrope]

To pump is to transport fluids by suction or pressure or both. [Allotrope]

To reveal something about a flow to the mind or eye. [NIST]

The xyz-coordinate display on a vertical milling machine displays the precise location of the cutting tool. [NIST]

A signal conversion function is an information processor function which transforms a signal into another type of signal. [OBI]

an analog-to-digital_converter

A synapse converts electrical action potentials into an intermediate chemical signal. The post synapse converts it back into an electric one passed on to the axon.

To accumulate a flow. [NIST]

A DC electrical battery stores the energy in a flashlight. [NIST]

A function to remove thermal energy. [Allotrope]

To consume energy is the function to consume energy. [Allotrope]

To plan is the function of creating or modifying a plan specification. [OBI]

To cause a flow (material, energy or signal) to no longer be joined or mixed. [NIST]

To isolate a flow (material, energy, signal) into distinct components. The separated components are distinct from the flow before separation, as well as each other. [NIST]

A glass prism separates light into different wavelength components to provide a rainbow. [NIST]

To cause a flow (material, energy, signal) to break up. The individual bits are similar to each other and the undistributed flow. [NIST]

An atomizer distributes (or sprays) hair-styling liquids over the head to hold ther hair in the desired style. [NIST]

To separate a flow. [NIST]

A vending machine divides the sold form of coins into appropriate denominations. [NIST]

To take away a part of a flow from its prefixed place. [NIST]

A sander removes small pieces of the wood surface to smooth the wood. [NIST]

To draw, or forcibly pullout, a flow. [NIST]

A vacuum cleaner extracts depris from the imported mixture and exports clean air to the environment. [NIST]

A sort function is a function to distinguish flows based on some associated physical quality or entity and to distribute the separate components into distinct fractions according to a defined order. [Allotrope]

To cause a flow (material, energy, signal) to move from one location to another location. [NIST]

To send a flow (material, energy, signal) outside the system boundary. [NIST]

Pouring blended food out of a standard blender pitcher exports liquid from the system. [NIST]

To bring in a flow (material, energy, signal) from outside the system boundary. [NIST]

A physical opening at the top of a blender pitcher imports a solid (food) into the system. [NIST]

To direct the course of a flow (material, energy, signal) along a specific path. [NIST]

To control the movement of a flow by a force external to the device into one or more directions. [NIST]

To fix the movement of a flow by a device around one axis. [NIST]

To fix the movement of the flow by a device into one linear direction. [NIST]

To combine two flows (material, energy, signal) into a single, uniform homogeneous mass. [NIST]

A shaker mixes a paint base and its dyes to form a homogeneous liquid. [NIST]

To join or bring together flows (material, energy, signal) such that the members are still distinguishable from each other. [NIST]

To couple flows together by means of an intermediary flow. [NIST]

A turnbuckle links two endsof a steering cable together. [NIST]

To couple flows together in a predetermined manner. [NIST]

A ratchet joins a socket on its square shaft interface. [NIST]

To adjust the flow of energy, signal, or material in response to a control signal, such as a characteristic of a flow. [NIST]

Turning the valves regulates the flow rate of the liquid flowing from a faucet. [NIST]

To commence the flow of energy, signal or material in response to an imported control signal. [NIST]

A circuit switch actuates the flow of electrical energy and turns on a light bulb. [NIST]

To enlarge a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]

To reduce a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]

To adjust the flow of energy, signal, or material in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]

To enlarge a flow in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]

To reduce a flow in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]

To mold or form a flow. [NIST]

To render a flow appropriate for the desired use. [NIST]

To prevent damage to electrial equipment, a surge protector conditions electrical energy by excluding spikes and nose (usually through capacitors) from the energy path. [NIST]

To cease, or prevent, the transfer of a flow (material, energy, signal). [NIST]

A reflective coating on a window stops the transmission of UV radiation through a window. [NIST]

To keep a flow from happening. [NIST]

A submerged gate on a dam wall prevents water from flowing to the other side. [NIST]

To significantly restrain a flow, though a portion of the flow continues to be transferred. [NIST]

The structures of space vehicles inhibits the flow of radiation to protect crew and cargo.  [NIST]

To change from one form of a flow (material, energy, signal) to another. [NIST]

An electrical motor converts electricity to rotational energy. [NIST]

To accumulate or provide a material or energy flow. [NIST]

To provide information on a material, energy or signal flow as an output signal flow. The information providing flow passes through the function unchanged. [NIST]

To keep a flow within limits. [NIST]

A vacuum bag contains debris vacuumed from a house. [NIST]

To provide a flow from storage. [NIST]

In a flashlight, the battery supplies energy to the bulb. [NIST]

To observe and record data from a flow. [NIST]

By tracking the performance of batteries, the low efficiency point can be determined. [NIST]

To prevent a flow from changing course or location. [NIST]

On a typical canister vacuum, the center of gravity is placed at a low elevation to stabilize the vacuum when it is pulled by the hose. [NIST]

To place a flow (material, energy, signal) into a specific location or orientation. [NIST]

The coin slot on a soda machine positions the coin to begin the coin evaluation and transportation procedure. [NIST]

To decompose is the function to breakdown a single phase into two or more phases by heating or treatment with acid, alkali or enzymes. [Allotrope]

To transport is the function to transfer material. [Allotrope]

To shift, or convey, a flow (material, energy, signal) from one place to another. [NIST]

The function to maintain something. [Allotrope]

The function to make a whole out of many. [Allotrope]

The function to bring something into existence. [Allotrope]

To sample is the function of to take parts or partitions of an object aggregate or data set for the interest for studying it. [Allotrope]

To cover is a joining function realized when something is joined to a surface in such way that it is preventing some kind of material or energy flow through that surface. [Allotrope]

To stir is a mixing function involving the agitation of a solution through circular motion. [Allotrope]

To compare is a function to observe or assess the similarities or dissimilarities between two things. [Allotrope]

A material entity that occupies space and possesses a rest mass. [Allotrope]

A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. [CL]

A natural material is any product or physical matter that comes from plants, animals, or the ground. Minerals and the metals that can be extracted from them (without further modification) are also considered to belong into this category. [Wikipedia]

Energy must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat the object. It can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed. [Wikipedia]

A form of energy that is transferred between bodies as a result of a temperature difference. [NIST]

Energy flow generated or required by a translation or virtual translation. [NIST]

Work resulting from the reactions by which substances are produced from or converted into other substances. [NIST]

A battery converts the flow of chemical energy into electical energy.

Work resulting from the flow of electrons from a negative to a positive source. [NIST]

Energy that results from a rotation or a virtual rotation. [NIST]

Work that results from the movement or force of a liquid, including hydrostatic forces. [NIST]