Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms, based on JP 1-02
This is a shallow taxonomy of military terms as defined in the US Joint Chiefs of Staff JP1-02 publication.
acceptability
acceptability (JP 1-02)
The joint operation plan review criterion for assessing whether the contemplated course of action is proportional, worth the cost, consistent with the law of war; and is militarily and politically supportable.
activation
activation (JP 1-02)
Order to active duty (other than for training) in the federal service.
airlift mission commander
airlift mission commander (JP 1-02)
A commander designated when airlift aircraft are participating in airlift operations specified in the implementing directive. The airlift mission commander is usually designated by the commander of the deployed airlift unit, but may be selected by the Air Force component commander or joint force air component commander depending on the nature of the mission.
emergency operations center
emergency operations center (JP 1-02)
A temporary or permanent facility where the coordination of information and resources to support domestic incident management activities normally takes place.
emergency preparedness
emergency preparedness (JP 1-02)
Measures taken in advance of an emergency to reduce the loss of life and property and to protect a nation’s institutions from all types of hazards through a comprehensive emergency management program of preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery.
emergency preparedness liaison officer
emergency preparedness liaison officer (JP 1-02)
A senior reserve officer who represents their Service at the appropriate joint field office conducting planning and coordination responsibilities in support of civil authorities.
emergency repair
emergency repair (JP 1-02)
The least amount of immediate repair to damaged facilities necessary for the facilities to support the mission.
emergency resupply
emergency resupply (JP 1-02)
A resupply mission that occurs based on a predetermined set of circumstances and time interval should radio contact not be established or, once established, is lost between a special operations tactical element and its base.
emergency support functions
emergency support functions (JP 1-02)
A grouping of government and certain private-sector capabilities into an organizational structure to provide the support, resources, program implementation, and services that are most likely to be needed to save lives, protect property and the environment, restore essential services and critical infrastructure, and help victims and communities return to normal, when feasible, following domestic incidents.
emission control
emission control (JP 1-02)
The selective and controlled use of electromagnetic, acoustic, or other emitters to optimize command and control capabilities while minimizing, for operations security: a. detection by enemy sensors; b. mutual interference among friendly systems; and/or c. enemy interference with the ability to execute a military deception plan.
emission security
emission security (JP 1-02)
The component of communications security that results from all measures taken to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derived from intercept and analysis of compromising emanations from crypto-equipment and telecommunications systems.
employment
employment (JP 1-02)
The strategic, operational, or tactical use of forces.
enabling force
enabling force (JP 1-02)
Early deploying forces that establish critical capabilities to facilitate deployment and initial employment (including sustainment) of a force.
airlift requirement
airlift requirement (JP 1-02)
The total number of passengers and/or weight/cubic displacement of cargo required to be carried by air for a specific task.
end evening civil twilight
end evening civil twilight (JP 1-02)
The time period when the sun has dropped 6 degrees beneath the western horizon; it is the instant at which there is no longer sufficient light to see objects with the unaided eye. Light intensification devices are recommended from this time until begin morning civil twilight.
end item
end item (JP 1-02)
A final combination of end products, component parts, and/or materials that is ready for its intended use, e.g., ship, tank, mobile machine shop, or aircraft.
end of evening nautical twilight
end of evening nautical twilight (JP 1-02)
Occurs when the sun has dropped 12 degrees below the western horizon, and is the instant of last available daylight for the visual control of limited ground operations. At end of evening nautical twilight there is no further sunlight available.
end of mission
end of mission (JP 1-02)
In artillery, mortar, and naval gunfire support, an order given to terminate firing on a specific target.
end state
end state (JP 1-02)
The set of required conditions that defines achievement of the commander’s objectives.
end-to-end
end-to-end (JP 1-02)
Joint distribution operations boundaries begin at the point of origin and terminate at the combatant commander’s designated point of need within a desired operational area, including the return of forces and materiel.
endurance distance
endurance distance (JP 1-02)
(*) Total distance that a ground vehicle or ship can be selfpropelled at any specified endurance speed.
enemy capabilities
enemy capabilities (JP 1-02)
Those courses of action of which the enemy is physically capable and that, if adopted, will affect accomplishment of the friendly mission. The term “capabilities” includes not only the general courses of action open to the enemy, such as attack, defense, reinforcement, or withdrawal, but also all the particular courses of action possible under each general course of action. “Enemy capabilities” are considered in the light of all known factors affecting military operations, including time, space, weather, terrain, and the strength and disposition of enemy forces. In strategic thinking, the capabilities of a nation represent the courses of action within the power of the nation for accomplishing its national objectives throughout the range of military operations.
enemy combatant
enemy combatant (JP 1-02)
In general, a person engaged in hostilities against the United States or its coalition partners during an armed conflict. (DODD 2310.01E)
engage
engage (JP 1-02)
1. In air defense, a fire control order used to direct or authorize units and/or weapon systems to fire on a designated target.
airmiss
airmiss (JP 1-02)
See near miss.
engagement
engagement (JP 1-02)
1. In air defense, an attack with guns or air-to-air missiles by an interceptor aircraft, or the launch of an air defense missile by air defense artillery and the missile’s subsequent travel to intercept.
engagement authority
engagement authority (JP 1-02)
An authority vested with a joint force commander that may be delegated to a subordinate commander, that permits an engagement decision.
engineer support plan
engineer support plan (JP 1-02)
An appendix to the logistics annex or separate annex of an operation plan that identifies the minimum essential engineering services and construction requirements required to support the commitment of military forces.
en route care
en route care (JP 1-02)
Continuation of the provision of care during movement (evacuation) between the health service support capabilities in the continuum of care, without clinically compromising the patient’s condition.
environmental baseline survey
environmental baseline survey (JP 1-02)
A multi-disciplinary site survey conducted prior to or in the initial stage of a joint operational deployment.
environmental considerations
environmental considerations (JP 1-02)
The spectrum of environmental media, resources, or programs that may affect the planning and execution of military operations.
equipment
equipment (JP 1-02)
In logistics, all nonexpendable items needed to outfit or equip an individual or organization.
escapee
escapee (JP 1-02)
Any person who has been physically captured by the enemy and succeeds in getting free.
escort
escort (JP 1-02)
A member of the Armed Forces assigned to accompany, assist, or guide an individual or group, e.g., an escort officer.
espionage
espionage (JP 1-02)
The act of obtaining, delivering, transmitting, communicating, or receiving information about the national defense with an intent, or reason to believe, that the information may be used to the injury of the United States or to the advantage of any foreign nation. Espionage is a violation of Title 18 United States Code, Sections 792798 and Article 106, Uniform Code of Military Justice.
air mobility
air mobility (JP 1-02)
The rapid movement of personnel, materiel and forces to and from or within a theater by air. This includes both airlift and air refueling.
essential care
essential care (JP 1-02)
Medical treatment provided to manage the casualty throughout the range of care. This includes all care and treatment to either return the patient to duty (within the theater evacuation policy), or begin initial treatment required for optimization of outcome, and/or stabilization to ensure the patient can tolerate evacuation.
essential chemicals
essential chemicals (JP 1-02)
In counterdrug operations, compounds that are required in the synthetic or extraction processes of drug production, but in most cases do not become part of the drug molecule. Essential chemicals are used in the production of cocaine or heroin.
essential elements of friendly information
essential elements of friendly information (JP 1-02)
Key questions likely to be asked by adversary officials and intelligence systems about specific friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities, so they can obtain answers critical to their operational effectiveness.
essential elements of information
essential elements of information (JP 1-02)
The most critical information requirements regarding the adversary and the environment needed by the commander by a particular time to relate with other available information and intelligence in order to assist in reaching a logical decision.
essential task
essential task (JP 1-02)
A specified or implied task that an organization must perform to accomplish the mission that is typically included in the mission statement.
establishing directive
establishing directive (JP 1-02)
An order issued to specify the purpose of the support relationship.
estimate
estimate (JP 1-02)
estimate (Event)
An analysis of a foreign situation, development, or trend that identifies its major elements, interprets the significance, and appraises the future possibilities and the prospective results of the various actions that might be taken.
estimate (Foreign Nation)
An appraisal of the capabilities, vulnerabilities, and potential courses of action of a foreign nation or combination of nations in consequence of a specific national plan, policy, decision, or contemplated course of action.
estimate (Operation)
An analysis of an actual or contemplated clandestine operation in relation to the situation in which it is or would be conducted in order to identify and appraise such factors as available as well as needed assets and potential obstacles, accomplishments, and consequences.
estimative intelligence
estimative intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence that identifies, describes, and forecasts adversary capabilities and the implications for planning and executing military operations.
evacuation
evacuation (JP 1-02)
1. Removal of a patient by any of a variety of transport means (air, ground, rail, or sea) from a theater of military operation, or between health service support capabilities, for the purpose of preventing further illness or injury, providing additional care, or providing disposition of patients from the military health care system.
evacuee
evacuee (JP 1-02)
A civilian removed from a place of residence by military direction for reasons of personal security or the requirements of the military situation.
Air Mobility Command
Air Mobility Command (JP 1-02)
The Air Force component command of the US Transportation Command.
evader
evader (JP 1-02)
Any person isolated in hostile or unfriendly territory who eludes capture.
evaluation
evaluation (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, appraisal of an item of information in terms of credibility, reliability, pertinence, and accuracy.
evaluation agent
evaluation agent (JP 1-02)
The command or agency designated in the evaluation directive to be responsible for the planning, coordination, and conduct of the required evaluation of a joint test publication. (CJCSM 5120.01)
evaluation and feedback
evaluation and feedback (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, continuous assessment of intelligence operations throughout the intelligence process to ensure that the commander’s intelligence requirements are being met. See intelligence process.
evasion
evasion (JP 1-02)
The process whereby isolated personnel avoid capture with the goal of successfully returning to areas under friendly control.
evasion aid
evasion aid (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, any piece of information or equipment designed to assist an individual in avoiding capture.
evasion chart
evasion chart (JP 1-02)
A special map or chart designed as an evasion aid.
evasion plan of action
evasion plan of action (JP 1-02)
A course of action, developed prior to executing a combat mission, that is intended to improve a potential isolated person’s chances of successful evasion and recovery by providing the recovery forces with an additional source of information that can increase the predictability of the evader’s action and movement.
event matrix
event matrix (JP 1-02)
A description of the indicators and activity expected to occur in each named area of interest. It normally cross-references each named area of interest and indicator with the times they are expected to occur and the courses of action they will confirm or deny. There is no prescribed format.
event template
event template (JP 1-02)
A guide for collection planning. The event template depicts the named areas of interest where activity, or its lack of activity, will indicate which course of action the adversary has adopted.
air mobility control team
air mobility control team (JP 1-02)
A cell within the joint air operations center and one of the core teams in the air mobility division. The air mobility control team is the centralized source of air mobility command, control, and communications for the director of mobility forces during mission execution. The director of mobility forces uses the air mobility control team to direct (or redirect as required) air mobility forces in concert with other air and space forces to respond to requirement changes, higher priorities, or immediate execution limitations. The air mobility control team deconflicts all air mobility operations into, out of, and within the area of responsibility or joint operations area. The air mobility control team maintains execution process and communications connectivity for tasking, coordination, and flight with the joint air operations center’s combat operations division, subordinate air mobility units, and mission forces.
exclusion zone
exclusion zone (JP 1-02)
A zone established by a sanctioning body to prohibit specific activities in a specific geographic area in order to persuade nations or groups to modify their behavior to meet the desires of the sanctioning body or face continued imposition of sanctions, or use or threat of force.
exclusive economic zone
exclusive economic zone (JP 1-02)
A maritime zone adjacent to the territorial sea that may not extend beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured.
execute order
execute order (JP 1-02)
An order issued by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, at the direction of the Secretary of Defense, to implement a decision by the President to initiate military operations. 2. An order to initiate military operations as directed.
execution planning
execution planning (JP 1-02)
The Adaptive Planning and Execution system translation of an approved course of action into an executable plan of action through the preparation of a complete operation plan or operation order.
executive agent
executive agent (JP 1-02)
A term used to indicate a delegation of authority by the Secretary of Defense to a subordinate to act on behalf of the Secretary of Defense. Designation as executive agent, in and of itself, confers no authority. The exact nature and scope of the authority delegated must be stated in the document designating the executive agent. An executive agent may be limited to providing only administration and support or coordinating common functions, or it may be delegated authority, direction, and control over specified resources for specified purposes.
exercise
exercise (JP 1-02)
A military maneuver or simulated wartime operation involving planning, preparation, and execution that is carried out for the purpose of training and evaluation.
exfiltration
exfiltration (JP 1-02)
The removal of personnel or units from areas under enemy control by stealth, deception, surprise, or clandestine means.
expeditionary force
expeditionary force (JP 1-02)
An armed force organized to accomplish a specific objective in a foreign country.
expellee
expellee (JP 1-02)
A civilian outside the boundaries of the country of his or her nationality or ethnic origin who is being forcibly repatriated to that country or to a third country for political or other purposes.
expendable property
expendable property (JP 1-02)
Property that may be consumed in use or loses its identity in use and may be dropped from stock record accounts when it is issued or used.
air mobility division
air mobility division (JP 1-02)
Located in the joint air operations center to plan, coordinate, task, and execute the air mobility mission. Consists of the air mobility control team, airlift control team, air refueling control team, and aeromedical evacuation control team. Coordinates with the joint force commander’s movement requirements and control authority, the theater air mobility operations control center, if established, and the Air Mobility Command’s tanker/airlift control center, as required.
expendable supplies and materiel
expendable supplies and materiel (JP 1-02)
Supplies that are consumed in use, such as ammunition, paint, fuel, cleaning and preserving materials, surgical dressings, drugs, medicines, etc., or that lose their identity, such as spare parts, etc.
exploitation
exploitation (JP 1-02)
explosive cargo
explosive cargo (JP 1-02)
Cargo such as artillery ammunition, bombs, depth charges, demolition material, rockets, and missiles.
explosive hazard
explosive hazard (JP 1-02)
Any hazard containing an explosive component to include unexploded explosive ordnance (including land mines), booby traps (some booby traps are nonexplosive), improvised explosive devices (which are an improvised type of booby trap), captured enemy ammunition, and bulk explosives.
explosive hazard incident
explosive hazard incident (JP 1-02)
The suspected or detected presence of unexploded or damaged explosive ordnance that constitutes a hazard to operations, installations, 113 personnel, or material. Not included in this definition are the accidental arming or other conditions that develop during the manufacture of high explosive material, technical service assembly operations, or the laying of mines and demolition charges.
explosive ordnance
explosive ordnance (JP 1-02)
All munitions containing explosives, nuclear fission or fusion materials, and biological and chemical agents.
explosive ordnance disposal
explosive ordnance disposal (JP 1-02)
The detection, identification, on-site evaluation, rendering safe, recovery, and final disposal of unexploded explosive ordnance.
explosive ordnance disposal unit
explosive ordnance disposal unit (JP 1-02)
Personnel with special training and equipment who render explosive ordnance safe, make intelligence reports on such ordnance, and supervise the safe removal thereof.
exposure dose
exposure dose (JP 1-02)
The amount of radiation, as measured in roentgen, at a given point in relation to its ability to produce ionization.
extent of damage
extent of damage (JP 1-02)
The visible plan area of damage to a target element, usually expressed in units of 1,000 square feet, in detailed damage analysis and in approximate percentages in immediate-type damage assessment reports; e.g., 50 percent structural damage.
air mobility liaison officer
air mobility liaison officer (JP 1-02)
An officer specially trained to implement the theater air control system and to advise on control of airlift assets.
external audience
external audience (JP 1-02)
All people who are not US military members, Department of Defense civilian employees, and their immediate families.
external support contract
external support contract (JP 1-02)
Contract awarded by contracting organizations whose contracting authority does not derive directly from the theater support contracting head(s) of contracting activity or from systems support contracting authorities.
fabricator
fabricator (JP 1-02)
An individual or group who, usually without genuine resources, invents or inflates information for personal or political gain or political purposes.
facility
facility (JP 1-02)
A real property entity consisting of one or more of the following: a building, a structure, a utility system, pavement, and underlying land.
facility substitutes
facility substitutes (JP 1-02)
Items such as tents and prepackaged structures requisitioned through the supply system that may be used to substitute for constructed facilities.
fairway
fairway (JP 1-02)
A channel either from offshore, in a river, or in a harbor that has enough depth to accommodate the draft of large vessels.
feasibility
feasibility (JP 1-02)
The joint operation plan review criterion for assessing whether the assigned mission can be accomplished using available resources within the time contemplated by the plan.
feasibility assessment
feasibility assessment (JP 1-02)
A basic target analysis that provides an initial determination of the viability of a proposed target for special operations forces employment.
federal coordinating officer
federal coordinating officer (JP 1-02)
The federal officer who is appointed to manage Federal resource support activities related to Stafford Act disasters and emergencies. The federal coordinating officer is responsible for coordinating the timely delivery of federal disaster assistance resources and programs to the affected state and local governments, individual victims, and the private sector.
federal service
federal service (JP 1-02)
A term applied to National Guard members and units when called to active duty to serve the United States Government under Article I, Section 8 and Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution and the Title 10, United States Code, Sections 12401 to 12408.
air movement
air movement (JP 1-02)
Air transport of units, personnel, supplies, and equipment including airdrops and air landings.
federal supply class management
federal supply class management (JP 1-02)
Those functions of materiel management that can best be accomplished by federal supply classification, such as cataloging, characteristic screening, standardization, interchangeability and substitution grouping, multi-item specification management, and engineering support of the foregoing.
feint
feint (JP 1-02)
In military deception, an offensive action involving contact with the adversary conducted for the purpose of deceiving the adversary as to the location and/or time of the actual main offensive action.
fender
fender (JP 1-02)
An object, usually made of rope or rubber, hung over the side of a vessel to protect the sides from damage caused by impact with wharves or other craft.
F-hour
F-hour (JP 1-02)
See times. 115
field artillery
field artillery (JP 1-02)
Equipment, supplies, ammunition, and personnel involved in the use of cannon, rocket, or surface-to-surface missile launchers. Field artillery cannons are classified according to caliber as follows.
Light field artillery
Light field artillery (JP 1-02)
120mm and less.
Medium field artillery
Medium field artillery (JP 1-02)
Heavy field artillery
Heavy field artillery (JP 1-02)
Very heavy field artillery
Very heavy field artillery (JP 1-02)
greater than 210mm.
field of view
field of view (JP 1-02)
airport
airport (JP 1-02)
See airfield.
field ordering officer
field ordering officer (JP 1-02)
A Service member or Department of Defense civilian, who is appointed in writing and trained by a contracting officer and authorized to execute micropurchases in support of forces and/or designated civil-military operations.
field training exercise
field training exercise (JP 1-02)
An exercise in which actual forces are used to train commanders, staffs, and individual units in basic, intermediate, and advanced-level warfare skills.
fighter engagement zone
fighter engagement zone (JP 1-02)
In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with fighter aircraft.
fighter escort
fighter escort (JP 1-02)
An offensive counterair operation providing dedicated protection sorties by air-to-air capable fighters in support of other offensive air and air support missions over enemy territory, or in a defensive counterair role to protect high value airborne assets.
fighter sweep
fighter sweep (JP 1-02)
An offensive mission by fighter aircraft to seek out and destroy enemy aircraft or targets of opportunity in a designated area.
final governing standards
final governing standards (JP 1-02)
A comprehensive set of country-specific substantive environmental provisions, typically technical limitations on effluent, discharges, etc., or a specific management practice.
final protective fire
final protective fire (JP 1-02)
(*) An immediately available prearranged barrier of fire designed to impede enemy movement across defensive lines or areas.
finance support
finance support (JP 1-02)
A financial management function to provide financial advice and recommendations, pay support, disbursing support, establishment of local depository 116 accounts, essential accounting support, and support of the procurement process.
financial management
financial management (JP 1-02)
The combination of the two core functions of resource management and finance support.
fire direction center
fire direction center (JP 1-02)
That element of a command post, consisting of gunnery and communications personnel and equipment, by means of which the commander exercises fire direction and/or fire control. The fire direction center receives target intelligence and requests for fire, and translates them into appropriate fire direction. The fire direction center provides timely and effective tactical and technical fire control in support of current operations.
active air defense
active air defense (JP 1-02)
Direct defensive action taken to destroy, nullify, or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air and missile threats against friendly forces and assets.
air refueling
air refueling (JP 1-02)
The refueling of an aircraft in flight by another aircraft.
fires
fires (JP 1-02)
The use of weapon systems to create specific lethal or nonlethal effects on a target.
fire support
fire support (JP 1-02)
Fires that directly support land, maritime, amphibious, and special operations forces to engage enemy forces, combat formations, and facilities in pursuit of tactical and operational objectives.
fire support area
fire support area (JP 1-02)
An appropriate maneuver area assigned to fire support ships by the naval force commander from which they can deliver gunfire support to an amphibious operation.
fire support coordination
fire support coordination (JP 1-02)
The planning and executing of fire so that targets are adequately covered by a suitable weapon or group of weapons.
fire support coordination center
fire support coordination center (JP 1-02)
A single location in which are centralized communications facilities and personnel incident to the coordination of all forms of fire support.
fire support coordination line
fire support coordination line (JP 1-02)
A fire support coordination measure that is established and adjusted by appropriate land or amphibious force commanders within their boundaries in consultation with superior, subordinate, supporting, and affected commanders. Fire support coordination lines facilitate the expeditious attack of surface targets of opportunity beyond the coordinating measure. A fire support coordination line does not divide an area of operations by defining a boundary between close and deep operations or a zone for close air support. The fire support coordination line applies to all fires of air, land, and sea-based weapon systems using any type of ammunition. Forces attacking targets beyond a fire support coordination line must inform all affected commanders in sufficient time to allow necessary reaction to avoid fratricide. Supporting elements attacking targets beyond the fire support coordination line must ensure that the attack will not produce adverse effects on, or to the rear of, the line. Short of a fire support coordination line, all air-to-ground and surface-to-surface 117 attack operations are controlled by the appropriate land or amphibious force commander. The fire support coordination line should follow well-defined terrain features. Coordination of attacks beyond the fire support coordination line is especially critical to commanders of air, land, and special operations forces. In exceptional circumstances, the inability to conduct this coordination will not preclude the attack of targets beyond the fire support coordination line. However, failure to do so may increase the risk of fratricide and could waste limited resources.
fire support coordination measure
fire support coordination measure (JP 1-02)
A measure employed by commanders to facilitate the rapid engagement of targets and simultaneously provide safeguards for friendly forces.
fire support element
fire support element (JP 1-02)
That portion of the force tactical operations center at every echelon above company or troop (to corps) that is responsible for targeting coordination and for integrating fires delivered on surface targets by fire-support means under the control, or in support, of the force.
fire support officer
fire support officer (JP 1-02)
Senior field artillery officer assigned to Army maneuver battalions and brigades. Advises commander on fire-support matters.
fire support station
fire support station (JP 1-02)
An exact location at sea within a fire support area from which a fire support ship delivers fire.
air refueling control point
air refueling control point (JP 1-02)
During refueling operations, the geographic point where the receiver arrives in the observation or precontact position with respect to the tanker.
fire support team
fire support team (JP 1-02)
A field artillery team provided for each maneuver company/troop and selected units to plan and coordinate all supporting fires available to the unit, including mortars, field artillery, naval surface fire support, and close air support integration.
first light
first light (JP 1-02)
The beginning of morning nautical twilight; i.e., when the center of the morning sun is 12 degrees below the horizon.
first responder care
first responder care (JP 1-02)
The health care capability that provides immediate clinical care and stabilization to the patient in preparation for evacuation to the next health service support capability in the continuum of care.
first responders
first responders (JP 1-02)
The primary health care providers whose responsibility is the provision of immediate clinical care and stabilization in preparation for evacuation to the next health service support capability in the continuum of care. In addition to treating injuries, they treat Service members for common acute minor illnesses.
fixed medical treatment facility
fixed medical treatment facility (JP 1-02)
(*) A medical treatment facility which is designed to operate for an extended period of time at a specific site.
fixed port
fixed port (JP 1-02)
Terminals with an improved network of cargo-handling facilities designed for the transfer of freight.
fixed price type contract
fixed price type contract (JP 1-02)
A type of contract that generally provides for a firm price or, under appropriate circumstances, may provide for an adjustable price for the supplies or services being procured. Fixed price contracts are of several types so designed as to facilitate proper pricing under varying circumstances.
flame field expedients
flame field expedients (JP 1-02)
Simple, handmade devices used to produce flame or illumination.
flash burn
flash burn (JP 1-02)
A burn caused by excessive exposure (of bare skin) to thermal radiation.
flatrack
flatrack (JP 1-02)
Portable, open-topped, open-sided units that fit into existing below-deck container cell guides and provide a capability for container ships to carry oversized cargo and wheeled and tracked vehicles.
air refueling control team
air refueling control team (JP 1-02)
A cell within the joint air operations center and one of the core teams in the air mobility division. Part of the air operations center that coordinates aerial refueling planning, tasking, and scheduling to support combat air operations or to support a strategic airbridge within the area of responsibility or joint area of operations.
flatted cargo
flatted cargo (JP 1-02)
Cargo placed in the bottom of the holds, covered with planks and dunnage, and held for future use. Flatted cargo usually has room left above it for the loading of vehicles that may be moved without interfering with the flatted cargo. Frequently, flatted cargo serves in lieu of ballast. Sometimes called understowed cargo.
fleet
fleet (JP 1-02)
An organization of ships, aircraft, Marine forces, and shore-based fleet activities all under the command of a commander who may exercise operational as well as administrative control.
Fleet Marine Force
Fleet Marine Force (JP 1-02)
A balanced force of combined arms comprising land, air, and service elements of the US Marine Corps. A Fleet Marine Force is an integral part of a US fleet and has the status of a type command.
flexible deterrent option
flexible deterrent option (JP 1-02)
A planning construct intended to facilitate early decision making by developing a wide range of interrelated responses that begin with deterrentoriented actions carefully tailored to produce a desired effect.
flexible response
flexible response (JP 1-02)
The capability of military forces for effective reaction to any enemy threat or attack with actions appropriate and adaptable to the circumstances existing.
flight
flight (JP 1-02)
1. In Navy and Marine Corps usage, a specified group of aircraft usually engaged in a common mission. 2. The basic tactical unit in the Air Force, consisting of four or 119 more aircraft in two or more elements. 3. A single aircraft airborne on a nonoperational mission.
flight deck
flight deck (JP 1-02)
1. In certain airplanes, an elevated compartment occupied by the crew for operating the airplane in flight. 2. The upper deck of an aircraft carrier that serves as a runway. The deck of an air-capable ship, amphibious aviation assault ship, or aviation ship used to launch and recover aircraft.
flight deck officer
flight deck officer (JP 1-02)
Officer responsible for the safe movement of aircraft on or about the flight deck of an aviation-capable ship.
flight information region
flight information region (JP 1-02)
An airspace of defined dimensions within which flight information service and alerting service are provided.
flight information service
flight information service (JP 1-02)
A service provided for the purpose of giving advice and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights. JP 3-52)
air refueling control time
air refueling control time (JP 1-02)
During refueling operations, the time the receiver and tanker arrive at the air refueling control point.
flight quarters
flight quarters (JP 1-02)
A ship configuration that assigns and stations personnel at critical positions to conduct safe flight operations.
floating craft company
floating craft company (JP 1-02)
A company-sized unit made up of various watercraft teams such as tugs, barges, and barge cranes.
floating dump
floating dump (JP 1-02)
Emergency supplies preloaded in landing craft, amphibious vehicles, or in landing ships. Floating dumps are located in the vicinity of the appropriate control officer, who directs their landing as requested by the troop commander concerned.
follow-up
follow-up (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the reinforcements and stores carried on transport ships and aircraft (not originally part of the amphibious force) that are offloaded after the assault and assault follow-on echelons have been landed.
follow-up shipping
follow-up shipping (JP 1-02)
Ships not originally a part of the amphibious task force but which deliver troops and supplies to the objective area after the action phase has begun.
footprint
footprint (JP 1-02)
force
force (JP 1-02)
force/activity designator
force/activity designator (JP 1-02)
Number used in conjunction with urgency of need designators to establish a matrix of priorities used for supply requisitions. Defines the relative 120 importance of the unit to accomplish the objectives of the Department of Defense.
force beddown
force beddown (JP 1-02)
The provision of expedient facilities for troop support to provide a platform for the projection of force.
force closure
force closure (JP 1-02)
The point in time when a supported joint force commander determines that sufficient personnel and equipment resources are in the assigned operational area to carry out assigned tasks.
air refueling initiation point
air refueling initiation point (JP 1-02)
During refueling operations, a point located upstream from the air refueling control point (inbound to the air refueling control point) where the receiver aircraft initiates the rendezvous.
force health protection
force health protection (JP 1-02)
Measures to promote, improve, or conserve the mental and physical well-being of Service members. These measures enable a healthy and fit force, prevent injury and illness, and protect the force from health hazards.
force module
force module (JP 1-02)
A grouping of combat, combat support, and combat service support forces, with their accompanying supplies and the required nonunit resupply and personnel necessary to sustain forces for a minimum of 30 days.
force multiplier
force multiplier (JP 1-02)
A capability that, when added to and employed by a combat force, significantly increases the combat potential of that force and thus enhances the probability of successful mission accomplishment.
force planning
force planning (JP 1-02)
force projection
force projection (JP 1-02)
The ability to project the military instrument of national power from the United States or another theater, in response to requirements for military operations.
force protection
force protection (JP 1-02)
Preventive measures taken to mitigate hostile actions against Department of Defense personnel (to include family members), resources, facilities, and critical information.
force protection condition
force protection condition (JP 1-02)
A Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff-approved standard for identification of and recommended responses to terrorist threats against US personnel and facilities.
force protection detachment
force protection detachment (JP 1-02)
A counterintelligence element that provides counterintelligence support to transiting and assigned ships, personnel, and aircraft in regions of elevated threat.
force protection working group
force protection working group (JP 1-02)
Cross-functional working group whose purpose is to conduct risk assessment and risk management and to recommend mitigating measures to the commander.
force rendezvous
force rendezvous (JP 1-02)
(*) A checkpoint at which formations of aircraft or ships join and become part of the main force.
air route
air route (JP 1-02)
The navigable airspace between two points, identified to the extent necessary for the application of flight rules.
force sequencing
force sequencing (JP 1-02)
The phased introduction of forces into and out of the operational area.
force sourcing
force sourcing (JP 1-02)
The identification of the actual units, their origins, ports of embarkation, and movement characteristics to satisfy the time-phased force requirements of a supported commander.
force tracking
force tracking (JP 1-02)
The process of gathering and maintaining information on the location, status, and predicted movement of each element of a unit including the unit’s command element, personnel, and unit-related supplies and equipment while in transit to the specified operational area.
force visibility
force visibility (JP 1-02)
The current and accurate status of forces; their current mission; future missions; location; mission priority; and readiness status. Force visibility provides information on the location, operational tempo, assets, and sustainment requirements of a force as part of an overall capability for a combatant commander.
forcible entry
forcible entry (JP 1-02)
Seizing and holding of a military lodgment in the face of armed opposition.
foreign assistance
foreign assistance (JP 1-02)
Assistance to foreign nations ranging from the sale of military equipment to donations of food and medical supplies to aid survivors of natural and man-made disasters. US foreign assistance takes three forms: development assistance, humanitarian assistance, and security assistance.
foreign consequence management
foreign consequence management (JP 1-02)
United States Government activity that assists friends and allies in responding to the effects from an intentional or accidental chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear incident on foreign territory in order to maximize preservation of life.
foreign disaster
foreign disaster (JP 1-02)
An act of nature (such as a flood, drought, fire, hurricane, earthquake, volcanic eruption, or epidemic), or an act of man (such as a riot, violence, civil strife, explosion, fire, or epidemic), which is or threatens to be of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant United States foreign disaster relief to a foreign country, foreign persons, or to an intergovernmental organization.
foreign disaster relief
foreign disaster relief (JP 1-02)
Prompt aid that can be used to alleviate the suffering of foreign disaster victims. Normally it includes humanitarian services and transportation; the provision of food, clothing, medicine, beds, and bedding; temporary shelter and housing; the furnishing of medical materiel and medical and technical personnel; and making repairs to essential services.
foreign humanitarian assistance
foreign humanitarian assistance (JP 1-02)
Department of Defense activities, normally in support of the United States Agency for International Development or Department of State, conducted outside the United States, its territories, and possessions to relieve or reduce human suffering, disease, hunger, or privation.
air route traffic control center
air route traffic control center (JP 1-02)
The principal facility exercising en route control of aircraft operating under instrument flight rules within its area of jurisdiction. Approximately 26 such centers cover the United States and its possessions. Each has a communication capability to adjacent centers.
foreign instrumentation signals intelligence
foreign instrumentation signals intelligence (JP 1-02)
A subcategory of signals intelligence, consisting of technical information and intelligence derived from the intercept of foreign electromagnetic emissions associated with the testing and operational deployment of non-US aerospace, surface, and subsurface systems. Foreign instrumentation signals include but are not limited to telemetry, beaconry, electronic interrogators, and video data links.
foreign intelligence
foreign intelligence (JP 1-02)
Information relating to capabilities, intentions, and activities of foreign powers, organizations, or persons, but not including counterintelligence, except for information on international terrorist activities.
foreign intelligence entity
foreign intelligence entity (JP 1-02)
Any known or suspected foreign organization, person, or group (public, private, or governmental) that conducts intelligence activities to acquire US information, block or impair US intelligence collection, influence US policy, or disrupts US systems and programs. The term includes foreign intelligence and security services and international terrorists.
foreign internal defense
foreign internal defense (JP 1-02)
Participation by civilian and military agencies of a government in any of the action programs taken by another government or other designated organization to free and protect its society from subversion, lawlessness, insurgency, terrorism, and other threats to its security.
foreign military intelligence collection activities
foreign military intelligence collection activities (JP 1-02)
Entails the overt debriefing, by trained human intelligence personnel, of all US persons employed by the Department of Defense who have access to information of potential national security value.
foreign military sales
foreign military sales (JP 1-02)
That portion of United States security assistance authorized by the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and the Arms Export Control Act of 1976, as amended. This assistance differs from the Military Assistance Program and the International Military Education and Training Program in that the recipient provides reimbursement for defense articles and services transferred.
foreign national
foreign national (JP 1-02)
Any person other than a US citizen, US permanent or temporary legal resident alien, or person in US custody.
foreign nation support
foreign nation support (JP 1-02)
Civil and/or military assistance rendered to a nation when operating outside its national boundaries during military operations based on agreements mutually concluded between nations or on behalf of intergovernmental organizations.
foreign object damage
foreign object damage (JP 1-02)
Rags, pieces of paper, line, articles of clothing, nuts, bolts, or tools that, when misplaced or caught by air currents normally found around aircraft operations (jet blast, rotor or prop wash, engine intake), cause damage to aircraft systems or weapons or injury to personnel.
foreign service national
foreign service national (JP 1-02)
Foreign nationals who provide clerical, administrative, technical, fiscal, and other support at foreign service posts abroad and are not citizens of the United States. The term includes third country nationals who are individuals employed by a United States mission abroad and are neither a citizen of the United States nor of the country to which assigned for duty.
air smuggling event
air smuggling event (JP 1-02)
In counterdrug operations, the departure of a suspected drug smuggling aircraft, an airdrop of drugs, or the arrival of a suspected drug smuggling aircraft.
foreshore
foreshore (JP 1-02)
That portion of a beach extending from the low water (datum) shoreline to the limit of normal high water wave wash.
formerly restricted data
formerly restricted data (JP 1-02)
Information removed from the restricted data category upon a joint determination by the Department of Energy (or antecedent agencies) and Department of Defense that such information relates primarily to the military utilization of atomic weapons and that such information can be adequately safeguarded as classified defense information. (Section 142d, Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended.)
forward aeromedical evacuation
forward aeromedical evacuation (JP 1-02)
That phase of evacuation which provides airlift for patients between points within the battlefield, from the battlefield to the initial point of treatment, and to subsequent points of treatment within the combat zone.
forward air controller
forward air controller (JP 1-02)
An officer (aviator/pilot) member of the tactical air control party who, from a forward ground or airborne position, controls aircraft in close air support of ground troops.
forward air controller (airborne)
forward air controller (airborne) (JP 1-02)
A specifically trained and qualified aviation officer who exercises control from the air of aircraft engaged in close air support of ground troops. The forward air controller (airborne) is normally an airborne extension of the tactical air control party. A qualified and current forward air controller (airborne) will be recognized across the Department of Defense as capable and authorized to perform terminal attack control.
forward area
forward area (JP 1-02)
An area in proximity to combat. 124
forward arming and refueling point
forward arming and refueling point (JP 1-02)
A temporary facility — organized, equipped, and deployed by an aviation commander, and normally located in the main battle area closer to the area where operations are being conducted than the aviation unit’s combat service
area
area (JP 1-02)
to provide fuel and ammunition necessary for the employment of aviation maneuver units in combat. The forward arming and refueling point permits combat aircraft to rapidly refuel and rearm simultaneously.
forward aviation combat engineering
forward aviation combat engineering (JP 1-02)
A mobility operation in which engineers perform tasks in support of forward aviation ground facilities.
forward edge of the battle area
forward edge of the battle area (JP 1-02)
The foremost limits of a series of areas in which ground combat units are deployed, excluding the areas in which the covering or screening forces are operating, designated to coordinate fire support, the positioning of forces, or the maneuver of units.
air sovereignty
air sovereignty (JP 1-02)
A nation’s inherent right to exercise absolute control and authority over the airspace above its territory.
forward line of own troops
forward line of own troops (JP 1-02)
A line that indicates the most forward positions of friendly forces in any kind of military operation at a specific time.
forward-looking infrared
forward-looking infrared (JP 1-02)
An airborne, electro-optical thermal imaging device that detects far-infrared energy, converts the energy into an electronic signal, and provides a visible image for day or night viewing.
forward observer
forward observer (JP 1-02)
An observer operating with front line troops and trained to adjust ground or naval gunfire and pass back battlefield information. In the absence of a forward air controller, the observer may control close air support strikes.
forward operating base
forward operating base (JP 1-02)
An airfield used to support tactical operations without establishing full support facilities. The base may be used for an extended time period. Support by a main operating base will be required to provide backup support for a forward operating base.
forward operating location
forward operating location (JP 1-02)
Primarily used for counterdrug operations. Similar to a forward operating base (FOB) but without the in-place infrastructure associated with a FOB.
forward operating site
forward operating site (JP 1-02)
A scaleable location outside the United States and US territories intended for rotational use by operating forces. Such expandable “warm facilities” may be maintained with a limited US military support presence and possibly pre-positioned equipment. Forward operating sites support rotational rather than permanently stationed forces and are a focus for bilateral and regional training. (CJCS CM-0007-05) 125
forward operations base
forward operations base (JP 1-02)
In special operations, a base usually located in friendly territory or afloat that is established to extend command and control or communications or to provide support for training and tactical operations. Facilities may be established for temporary or longer duration operations and may include an airfield or an unimproved airstrip, an anchorage, or a pier. A forward operations base may be the location of special operations component headquarters or a smaller unit that is controlled and/or supported by a main operations base.
forward resuscitative care
forward resuscitative care (JP 1-02)
Care provided as close to the point of injury as possible based on current operational requirements to attain stabilization and achieve the most efficient use of life-and-limb saving medical treatment. Forward resuscitative care typically provides essential care for stabilization to ensure the patient can tolerate evacuation.
foundation data
foundation data (JP 1-02)
Specific information on essential features that change rarely or slowly, such as point positioning data, topographic features, elevation data, geodetic information, and safety of navigation data.
463L system
463L system (JP 1-02)
Aircraft pallets, nets, tie down, and coupling devices, facilities, handling equipment, procedures, and other components designed to interface with military and civilian aircraft cargo restraint systems. Though designed for airlift, system components may have to move intermodally via surface to support geographic combatant commander objectives.
air sovereignty mission
air sovereignty mission (JP 1-02)
The integrated tasks of surveillance and control, the execution of which enforces a nation’s authority over its territorial airspace. 12
fragmentary order
fragmentary order (JP 1-02)
An abbreviated form of an operation order issued as needed after an operation order to change or modify that order or to execute a branch or sequel to that order.
freedom of navigation operations
freedom of navigation operations (JP 1-02)
Operations conducted to demonstrate US navigation, overflight, and related interests on, or under, and over the seas.
free drop
free drop (JP 1-02)
The dropping of equipment or supplies from an aircraft without the use of parachutes.
free fall
free fall (JP 1-02)
A parachute maneuver in which the parachute is manually activated at the discretion of the jumper or automatically at a preset altitude.
free-fire area
free-fire area (JP 1-02)
A specific area into which any weapon system may fire without additional coordination with the establishing headquarters.
free mail
free mail (JP 1-02)
Correspondence of a personal nature that weighs less than 11 ounces, to include audio and video recording tapes, from a member of the Armed Forces or 126 designated civilian, mailed postage free from a Secretary of Defense approved free mail zone.
frequency deconfliction
frequency deconfliction (JP 1-02)
A systematic management procedure to coordinate the use of the electromagnetic spectrum for operations, communications, and intelligence functions. Frequency deconfliction is one element of electromagnetic spectrum management.
frequency management
frequency management (JP 1-02)
The requesting, recording, deconfliction of and issuance of authorization to use frequencies (operate electromagnetic spectrum dependent systems) coupled with monitoring and interference resolution processes.
friendly
friendly (JP 1-02)
A contact positively identified as friendly.
friendly fire
friendly fire (JP 1-02)
In casualty reporting, a casualty circumstance applicable to persons killed in action or wounded in action mistakenly or accidentally by friendly forces actively engaged with the enemy, who are directing fire at a hostile force or what is thought to be a hostile force.
active communications satellite
active communications satellite (JP 1-02)
See communications satellite.
airspace control
airspace control (JP 1-02)
A process used to increase operational effectiveness by promoting the safe, efficient, and flexible use of airspace.
friendly force information requirement
friendly force information requirement (JP 1-02)
Information the commander and staff need to understand the status of friendly force and supporting capabilities.
frustrated cargo
frustrated cargo (JP 1-02)
Any shipment of supplies and/or equipment which, while en route to destination, is stopped prior to receipt and for which further disposition instructions must be obtained.
full mobilization
full mobilization (JP 1-02)
See mobilization.
full-spectrum superiority
full-spectrum superiority (JP 1-02)
The cumulative effect of dominance in the air, land, maritime, and space domains and information environment (which includes cyberspace) that permits the conduct of joint operations without effective opposition or prohibitive interference.
functional component command
functional component command (JP 1-02)
A command normally, but not necessarily, composed of forces of two or more Military Departments which may be established across the range of military operations to perform particular operational missions that may be of short duration or may extend over a period of time.
functional damage assessment
functional damage assessment (JP 1-02)
The estimate of the effect of military force to degrade or destroy the functional or operational capability of the target to perform its intended mission and on the level of success in achieving operational objectives established against the target. This assessment is based upon all-source information, and includes 127 an estimation of the time required for recuperation or replacement of the target function.
functions
functions (JP 1-02)
The appropriate or assigned duties, responsibilities, missions, or tasks of an individual, office, or organization. As defined in the National Security Act of 1947, as amended, the term “function” includes functions, powers, and duties (5 United States Code 171n (a)).
fusion
fusion (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, the process of examining all sources of intelligence and information to derive a complete assessment of activity.
gap (imagery)
gap (imagery) (JP 1-02)
Any space where imagery fails to meet minimum coverage requirements. This might be a space not covered by imagery or a space where the minimum specified overlap was not obtained.
gear
gear (JP 1-02)
A general term for a collection of spars, ropes, blocks, and equipment used for lifting and stowing cargo and ships stores.
airspace control area
airspace control area (JP 1-02)
Airspace that is laterally defined by the boundaries of the operational area, and may be subdivided into airspace control sectors.
general agency agreement
general agency agreement (JP 1-02)
A contract between the Maritime Administration and a steamship company which, as general agent, exercises administrative control over a government-owned ship for employment by the Military Sealift Command.
general cargo
general cargo (JP 1-02)
Cargo that is susceptible for loading in general, nonspecialized stowage areas or standard shipping containers; e.g., boxes, barrels, bales, crates, packages, bundles, and pallets.
general engineering
general engineering (JP 1-02)
Those engineering capabilities and activities, other than combat engineering, that modify, maintain, or protect the physical environment.
general military intelligence
general military intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence concerning the (1) military capabilities of foreign countries or organizations or (2) topics affecting potential US or multinational military operations, relating to the following subjects: armed forces capabilities, including order of battle, organization, training, tactics, doctrine, strategy, and other factors bearing on military strength and effectiveness; area and terrain intelligence, including urban areas, coasts and landing beaches, and meteorological, oceanographic, and geological intelligence; transportation in all modes; military materiel production and support industries; military and civilian communications systems; military economics, including foreign military assistance; insurgency and terrorism; militarypolitical-sociological intelligence; location, identification, and description of militaryrelated installations; government control; escape and evasion; and threats and forecasts. (Excludes scientific and technical intelligence.)
general orders
general orders (JP 1-02)
general purchasing agents
general purchasing agents (JP 1-02)
Agents who have been appointed in the principal overseas areas to supervise, control, coordinate, negotiate, and develop the local procurement of supplies, services, and facilities by Armed Forces of the United States, in order that the most effective utilization may be made of local resources and production. 129
general quarters
general quarters (JP 1-02)
A condition of readiness when naval action is imminent. All battle stations are fully manned and alert; ammunition is ready for instant loading; guns and guided missile launchers may be loaded.
general support
general support (JP 1-02)
general support-reinforcing
general support-reinforcing (JP 1-02)
General support-reinforcing artillery has the mission of supporting the force as a whole and of providing reinforcing fires for other artillery units.
general unloading period
general unloading period (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, that part of the ship-to-shore movement in which unloading is primarily logistic in character, and emphasizes speed and volume of unloading operations. It encompasses the unloading of units and cargo from the ships as rapidly as facilities on the beach permit. It proceeds without regard to class, type, or priority of cargo, as permitted by cargo handling facilities ashore.
airspace control authority
airspace control authority (JP 1-02)
The commander designated to assume overall responsibility for the operation of the airspace control system in the airspace control area.
geographic coordinates
geographic coordinates (JP 1-02)
The quantities of latitude and longitude which define the position of a point on the surface of the Earth with respect to the reference spheroid.
geographic reference points
geographic reference points (JP 1-02)
A means of indicating position, usually expressed either as double letters or as code words that are established in operation orders or by other means.
geospatial engineering
geospatial engineering (JP 1-02)
Those engineering capabilities and activities that contribute to a clear understanding of the physical environment by providing geospatial information and services to commanders and staffs.
geospatial information
geospatial information (JP 1-02)
Information that identifies the geographic location and characteristics of natural or constructed features and boundaries on the Earth, including: statistical data and information derived from, among other things, remote sensing, mapping, and surveying technologies; and mapping, charting, geodetic data and related products.
geospatial information and services
geospatial information and services (JP 1-02)
The collection, information extraction, storage, dissemination, and exploitation of geodetic, geomagnetic, imagery (both commercial and national source), gravimetric, aeronautical, topographic, hydrographic, littoral, cultural, and toponymic data accurately referenced to a precise location on the Earth’s surface. Geospatial services include tools that enable users to access and manipulate data, and also include instruction, training, laboratory support, and guidance for the use of geospatial data.
geospatial intelligence
geospatial intelligence (JP 1-02)
The exploitation and analysis of imagery and geospatial information to describe, assess, and visually depict physical features and geographically referenced activities on the Earth. Geospatial intelligence consists of imagery, imagery intelligence, and geospatial information.
geospatial intelligence base for contingency operations
geospatial intelligence base for contingency operations (JP 1-02)
A mobile visualization tool available through National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and the Defense Logistics Agency. Applications are broad, including the capability to become familiar with a foreign environment, develop a battle scene, plan and execute noncombatant evacuations, contingency operations, urban area missions, and provide access to geospatial data where networks or infrastructure have been damaged or do not exist.
glide bomb
glide bomb (JP 1-02)
A bomb fitted with airfoils to provide lift and which is carried and released in the direction of a target by an airplane.
Global Air Transportation Execution System
Global Air Transportation Execution System (JP 1-02)
The Air Mobility Command’s aerial port operations and management information system designed to support automated cargo and passenger processing, the reporting of in-transit visibility data to the Global Transportation Network, and billing to Air Mobility Command’s financial management directorate.
Global Combat Support System-Joint
Global Combat Support System-Joint (JP 1-02)
The primary information technology application used to provide automation support to the joint logistician.
airspace control order
airspace control order (JP 1-02)
An order implementing the airspace control plan that provides the details of the approved requests for airspace coordinating measures. It is published either as part of the air tasking order or as a separate document.
Global Command and Control System
Global Command and Control System (JP 1-02)
A deployable command and control system supporting forces for joint and multinational operations across the range of military operations with compatible, interoperable, and integrated communications systems.
Global Decision Support System
Global Decision Support System (JP 1-02)
Command and control system for Air Mobility Command’s mobility airlift and air refueling assets. Provides aircraft schedules, arrival and/or departure, and aircraft status data to support in-transit visibility of aircraft and aircrews.
global distribution
global distribution (JP 1-02)
The process that coordinates and synchronizes fulfillment of joint force requirements from point of origin to point of employment.
global distribution of materiel
global distribution of materiel (JP 1-02)
The process of providing materiel from the source of supply to its point of consumption or use on a worldwide basis.
Global Information Grid
Global Information Grid (JP 1-02)
The globally interconnected, end-to-end set of information capabilities, and associated processes for collecting, processing, storing, disseminating, and managing information on demand to warfighters, policy makers, and support personnel. The Global Information Grid includes owned and leased communications and computing systems and services, software (including applications), data, security services, other associated services and National Security Systems.
global information infrastructure
global information infrastructure (JP 1-02)
The worldwide interconnection of communications networks, computers, databases, and consumer electronics that make vast amounts of information available to users. The global information infrastructure encompasses a wide range of equipment, including cameras, scanners, keyboards, facsimile machines, computers, switches, compact disks, video and audio tape, cable, wire, satellites, fiberoptic transmission lines, networks of all types, televisions, monitors, printers, and much more. The friendly and adversary personnel who make decisions and handle the transmitted information constitute a critical component of the global information infrastructure.
Global Network Operations Center
Global Network Operations Center (JP 1-02)
United States Strategic Command operational element responsible for providing global satellite communications system status; maintaining global situational awareness to include each combatant commander’s planned and current operations as well as contingency plans; supporting radio frequency interference resolution management; supporting satellite anomaly resolution and management; facilitating satellite communications interface to the defense information infrastructure; and managing the regional satellite communications support centers.
Global Patient Movement Requirements Center
Global Patient Movement Requirements Center (JP 1-02)
A joint activity reporting directly to the Commander, US Transportation Command, the Department of Defense single manager for the strategic and continental United States regulation and movement of uniformed services and other authorized patients. The Global Patient Movement Requirements Center provides medical regulating and aeromedical evacuation scheduling for the continental United States and intertheater operations and provides support to the theater patient movement requirements centers. The Global Patient Movement Requirements Center coordinates with supporting resource providers to identify available assets and communicates transport to bed plans to the appropriate transportation agency for execution.
Global Positioning System
Global Positioning System (JP 1-02)
A satellite-based radio navigation system operated by the Department of Defense to provide all military, civil, and commercial users with precise positioning, navigation, and timing.
global transportation management
global transportation management (JP 1-02)
The integrated process of satisfying transportation requirements using the Defense Transportation System to meet national security objectives. The process begins with planning, programming, and budgeting for transportation assets, services, and associated systems and continues through delivery of the users’ transportation movement requirements.
airspace control plan
airspace control plan (JP 1-02)
The document approved by the joint force commander that provides specific planning guidance and procedures for the airspace control system for the joint force operational area.
Global Transportation Network
Global Transportation Network (JP 1-02)
The automated support necessary to enable US Transportation Command and its components to provide global transportation management. The Global Transportation Network provides the integrated transportation data and systems necessary to accomplish global transportation planning, command and control, and in-transit visibility across the range of military operations. The designated Department of Defense in-transit visibility system provides customers with the ability to track the identity, status, and location of Department of Defense units and non-unit cargo, passengers, patients, forces, and military and commercial airlift, sealift, and surface assets from origin to destination across the range of military operations. The Global Transportation Network collects, integrates, and distributes transportation information to combatant commanders, Services, and other Department of Defense customers. Global Transportation Network provides US Transportation Command with the ability to perform command and control operations, planning and analysis, and business operations in tailoring customer requirements throughout the requirements process.
go no-go
go no-go (JP 1-02)
The condition or state of operability of a component or system: “go,” functioning properly; or “no-go,” not functioning properly. Alternatively, a critical point at which a decision to proceed or not must be made.
governance
governance (JP 1-02)
The state’s ability to serve the citizens through the rules, processes, and behavior by which interests are articulated, resources are managed, and power is exercised in a society, including the representative participatory decision-making processes typically guaranteed under inclusive, constitutional authority.
governing factors
governing factors (JP 1-02)
In the context of joint operation planning, those aspects of the situation (or externally imposed factors) that the commander deems critical to the accomplishment of the mission.
gradient
gradient (JP 1-02)
The rate of inclination to horizontal expressed as a ratio, such as 1:25, indicating a one unit rise to 25 units of horizontal distance.
grand strategy
grand strategy (JP 1-02)
See National Security Strategy. 133
grid
grid (JP 1-02)
grid bearing
grid bearing (JP 1-02)
Bearing measured from grid north.
grid convergence
grid convergence (JP 1-02)
The horizontal angle at a place between true north and grid north. It is proportional to the longitude difference between the place and the central meridian.
grid convergence factor
grid convergence factor (JP 1-02)
(*) The ratio of the grid convergence angle to the longitude difference. In the Lambert Conical Orthomorphic projection, this ratio is constant for all charts based on the same two standard parallels.
airspace control procedures
airspace control procedures (JP 1-02)
Rules, mechanisms, and directions that facilitate the control and use of airspace of specified dimensions.
grid coordinates
grid coordinates (JP 1-02)
Coordinates of a grid coordinate system to which numbers and letters are assigned for use in designating a point on a gridded map, photograph, or chart.
grid coordinate system
grid coordinate system (JP 1-02)
(*) A plane-rectangular coordinate system usually based on, and mathematically adjusted to, a map projection in order that geographic positions (latitudes and longitudes) may be readily transformed into plane coordinates and the computations relating to them may be made by the ordinary method of plane surveying.
ground alert
ground alert (JP 1-02)
That status in which aircraft on the ground/deck are fully serviced and armed, with combat crews in readiness to take off within a specified period of time after receipt of a mission order.
ground-based interceptor
ground-based interceptor (JP 1-02)
A fixed-based, surface-to-air missile for defense against long-range ballistic missiles using an exo-atmospheric hit-to-kill interception of the targeted reentry vehicle in the midcourse phase of flight.
ground-based midcourse defense
ground-based midcourse defense (JP 1-02)
A surface-to-air ballistic missile defense system for exo-atmospheric midcourse phase interception of long-range ballistic missiles using the ground-based interceptors.
ground control
ground control (JP 1-02)
(*) A system of accurate measurements used to determine the distances and directions or differences in elevation between points on the Earth.
ground fire
ground fire (JP 1-02)
Small arms ground-to-air fire directed against aircraft. 134
group
group (JP 1-02)
group of targets
group of targets (JP 1-02)
(*) Two or more targets on which fire is desired simultaneously. A group of targets is designated by a letter/number combination or a nickname.
guarded frequencies
guarded frequencies (JP 1-02)
A list of time-oriented, enemy frequencies that are currently being exploited for combat information and intelligence or jammed after the commander has weighed the potential operational gain against the loss of the technical information.
airspace control sector
airspace control sector (JP 1-02)
A sub-element of the airspace control area, established to facilitate the control of the overall area. Airspace control sector boundaries normally coincide with air defense organization subdivision boundaries. Airspace control sectors are designated in accordance with procedures and guidance contained in the airspace control plan in consideration of Service component, host nation, and multinational airspace control capabilities and requirements.
guerrilla force
guerrilla force (JP 1-02)
A group of irregular, predominantly indigenous personnel organized along military lines to conduct military and paramilitary operations in enemy-held, hostile, or denied territory.
guerrilla warfare
guerrilla warfare (JP 1-02)
Military and paramilitary operations conducted in enemy-held or hostile territory by irregular, predominantly indigenous forces.
guided missile
guided missile (JP 1-02)
An unmanned vehicle moving above the surface of the Earth whose trajectory or flight path is capable of being altered by an external or internal mechanism.
gun
gun (JP 1-02)
gun-target line
gun-target line (JP 1-02)
(*) An imaginary straight line from gun to target. 135 Intentionally Blank 136
half-life
half-life (JP 1-02)
The time required for the activity of a given radioactive species to decrease to half of its initial value due to radioactive decay. The half-life is a characteristic property of each radioactive species and is independent of its amount or condition. The effective half-life of a given isotope is the time in which the quantity in the body will decrease to half as a result of both radioactive decay and biological elimination.
handling (ordnance)
handling (ordnance) (JP 1-02)
Applies to those individuals who engage in the breakout, lifting, or repositioning of ordnance or explosive devices in order to facilitate storage or stowage, assembly or disassembly, loading or downloading, or transporting.
hardstand
hardstand (JP 1-02)
hasty breach
hasty breach (JP 1-02)
The creation of lanes through enemy minefields by expedient methods such as blasting with demolitions, pushing rollers or disabled vehicles through the minefields when the time factor does not permit detailed reconnaissance, deliberate breaching, or bypassing the obstacle.
hatch
hatch (JP 1-02)
An opening in a ship’s deck giving access to cargo holds.
airspace control system
airspace control system (JP 1-02)
An arrangement of those organizations, personnel, policies, procedures, and facilities required to perform airspace control functions.
hazard
hazard (JP 1-02)
A condition with the potential to cause injury, illness, or death of personnel; damage to or loss of equipment or property; or mission degradation.
hazardous cargo
hazardous cargo (JP 1-02)
Cargo that includes not only large bulk-type categories such as explosives, pyrotechnics, petroleum, oils, and lubricants, compressed gases, corrosives and batteries, but lesser quantity materials like super-tropical bleach (oxiderizer), pesticides, poisons, medicines, specialized medical chemicals and medical waste that can be loaded as cargo.
hazards of electromagnetic radiation to fuels
hazards of electromagnetic radiation to fuels (JP 1-02)
The potential hazard that is created when volatile combustibles, such as fuel, are exposed to electromagnetic fields of sufficient energy to cause ignition.
hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance
hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance (JP 1-02)
The danger of accidental actuation of electro-explosive devices or otherwise electrically activating ordnance because of radio frequency electromagnetic fields. This unintended actuation could have safety (premature firing) or reliability (dudding) consequences.
hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel
hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel (JP 1-02)
The potential hazard that exists when personnel are exposed to an electromagnetic field of sufficient intensity to heat the human body.
head of contracting activity
head of contracting activity (JP 1-02)
The official who has overall responsibility for managing the contracting activity.
head-up display
head-up display (JP 1-02)
(*) A display of flight, navigation, attack, or other information superimposed upon the pilot’s forward field of view.
health care provider
health care provider (JP 1-02)
Any member of the Armed Forces, civilian employee of the Department of Defense, or personal services contract employee under Title 10 United States Code Section 1091 authorized by the Department of Defense to perform health care functions. The term does not include any contract provider who is not a personal services contract employee.
health hazard assessment
health hazard assessment (JP 1-02)
An assessment that characterizes the possible health risks of occupational exposures of Service members during the course of their normal duties.
health service logistic support
health service logistic support (JP 1-02)
A functional area of logistic support that supports the joint force surgeon’s health service support mission. It includes supplying Class VIII medical supplies (medical materiel to include medical peculiar repair parts used to sustain the health service support system), optical fabrication, medical equipment maintenance, blood storage and distribution, and medical gases.
airspace coordinating measures
airspace coordinating measures (JP 1-02)
Measures employed to facilitate the efficient use of airspace to accomplish missions and simultaneously provide safeguards for friendly forces.
health service support
health service support (JP 1-02)
All services performed, provided, or arranged to promote, improve, conserve, or restore the mental or physical well-being of personnel. These services include, but are not limited to, the management of health services resources, such as manpower, monies, and facilities; preventive and curative health measures; evacuation of the wounded, injured, or sick; selection of the medically fit and disposition of the medically unfit; blood management; medical supply, equipment, and maintenance thereof; combat stress control; and medical, dental, veterinary, laboratory, optometric, nutrition therapy, and medical intelligence services.
health surveillance
health surveillance (JP 1-02)
The regular or repeated collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data and the dissemination of information to monitor the health of a population and to identify potential health risks, thereby enabling timely interventions to prevent, treat, reduce, or control disease and injury. It includes occupational and environmental health surveillance and medical surveillance subcomponents.
health threat
health threat (JP 1-02)
A composite of ongoing or potential enemy actions; adverse environmental, occupational, and geographic and meteorological conditions; endemic diseases; and employment of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons (to include 138 weapons of mass destruction) that have the potential to affect the short- or long-term health (including psychological impact) of personnel.
heavy drop
heavy drop (JP 1-02)
A system of delivery of heavy supplies and equipment by parachute.
heavy-lift cargo
heavy-lift cargo (JP 1-02)
heavy-lift ship
heavy-lift ship (JP 1-02)
A ship specially designed and capable of loading and unloading heavy and bulky items and has booms of sufficient capacity to accommodate a single lift of 100 tons.
height of burst
height of burst (JP 1-02)
The vertical distance from the Earth’s surface or target to the point of burst.
helicopter coordination section
helicopter coordination section (JP 1-02)
The section within the Navy tactical air control center that coordinates rotary-wing air operations with all helicopter direction centers and air traffic control center(s) in the amphibious force.
helicopter direction center
helicopter direction center (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the primary direct control agency for the helicopter group/unit commander operating under the overall control of the tactical air control center.
helicopter landing zone
helicopter landing zone (JP 1-02)
A specified ground area for landing assault helicopters to embark or disembark troops and/or cargo. A landing zone may contain one or more landing sites.
airspace coordination area
airspace coordination area (JP 1-02)
A three-dimensional block of airspace in a target area, established by the appropriate ground commander, in which friendly aircraft are reasonably safe from friendly surface fires. The airspace coordination area may be formal or informal.
helicopter support team
helicopter support team (JP 1-02)
A task organization formed and equipped for employment in a landing zone to facilitate the landing and movement of helicopter-borne troops, equipment, and supplies, and to evacuate selected casualties and enemy prisoners of war.
helicopter transport area
helicopter transport area (JP 1-02)
Areas to the seaward and on the flanks of the outer transport and landing ship areas, but preferably inside the area screen, used for launching and/or recovering helicopters.
helicopter wave
helicopter wave (JP 1-02)
See wave.
herbicide
herbicide (JP 1-02)
A chemical compound that will kill or damage plants.
HERO SAFE ordnance
HERO SAFE ordnance (JP 1-02)
Any ordnance item that is percussion initiated, sufficiently shielded or otherwise so protected that all electro-explosive devices contained by the item are immune to adverse effects (safety or reliability) when the item is employed in its expected radio frequency environments, provided that the general hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance requirements defined in the hazards from 139 electromagnetic radiation manual are observed.
HERO SUSCEPTIBLE ordnance
HERO SUSCEPTIBLE ordnance (JP 1-02)
Any ordnance item containing electro-explosive devices proven by test or analysis to be adversely affected by radio frequency energy to the point that the safety and/or reliability of the system is in jeopardy when the system is employed in its expected radio frequency environment.
HERO UNSAFE ordnance
HERO UNSAFE ordnance (JP 1-02)
Any ordnance item containing electro-explosive devices that has not been classified as HERO SAFE or HERO SUSCEPTIBLE ordnance as a result of a hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance (HERO) analysis or test is considered HERO UNSAFE ordnance. Additionally, any ordnance item containing electro-explosive devices (including those previously classified as HERO SAFE or HERO SUSCEPTIBLE ordnance) that has its internal wiring exposed; when tests are being conducted on that item that result in additional electrical connections to the item; when electro-explosive devices having exposed wire leads are present and handled or loaded in any but the tested condition; when the item is being assembled or disassembled; or when such ordnance items are damaged causing exposure of internal wiring or components or destroying engineered HERO protective devices.
H-hour
H-hour (JP 1-02)
The specific hour on D-day at which a particular operation commences.
high altitude bombing
high altitude bombing (JP 1-02)
Horizontal bombing with the height of release over 15,000 feet.
high-altitude low-opening parachute technique
high-altitude low-opening parachute technique (JP 1-02)
A method of delivering personnel, equipment, or supplies from airlift aircraft that must fly at altitudes above the threat umbrella.
active defense
active defense (JP 1-02)
The employment of limited offensive action and counterattacks to deny a contested area or position to the enemy.
airspace management
airspace management (JP 1-02)
The coordination, integration, and regulation of the use of airspace of defined dimensions.
high-altitude missile engagement zone
high-altitude missile engagement zone (JP 1-02)
In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with high-altitude surface-to-air missiles.
high-density airspace control zone
high-density airspace control zone (JP 1-02)
Airspace designated in an airspace control plan or airspace control order, in which there is a concentrated employment of numerous and varied weapons and airspace users. A high-density airspace control zone has defined dimensions which usually coincide with geographical features or navigational aids. Access to a high-density airspace control zone is normally controlled by the maneuver commander. The maneuver commander can also direct a more restrictive weapons status within the high-density airspace control zone.
high-payoff target
high-payoff target (JP 1-02)
A target whose loss to the enemy will significantly contribute to the success of the friendly course of action. High-payoff targets are those high-value targets that must be acquired and successfully attacked for the success of the friendly commander’s mission.
high-payoff target list
high-payoff target list (JP 1-02)
A prioritized list of high-payoff targets by phase of the joint operation.
high-risk personnel
high-risk personnel (JP 1-02)
Personnel who, by their grade, assignment, symbolic value, or relative isolation, are likely to be attractive or accessible terrorist targets.
high value airborne asset protection
high value airborne asset protection (JP 1-02)
A defensive counterair mission using fighter escorts that defends airborne national assets which are so important that the loss of even one could seriously impact United States warfighting capabilities or provide the enemy with significant propaganda value.
high-value target
high-value target (JP 1-02)
A target the enemy commander requires for the successful completion of the mission. The loss of high-value targets would be expected to seriously degrade important enemy functions throughout the friendly commander’s area of interest.
high velocity drop
high velocity drop (JP 1-02)
A drop procedure in which the drop velocity is greater than 30 feet per second (low velocity drop) and lower than free drop velocity.
hinterland, far
hinterland, far (JP 1-02)
That region surrounding a beach or terminal operation to the extent that
it has characteristics that affect the operation
it has characteristics that affect the operation (JP 1-02)
normally within 100 miles.
airspace reservation
airspace reservation (JP 1-02)
The airspace located above an area on the surface of the land or water, designated and set apart by Executive Order of the President or by a state, commonwealth, or territory, over which the flight of aircraft is prohibited or restricted for the purpose of national defense or for other governmental purposes.
hinterland, near
hinterland, near (JP 1-02)
The area of land within an operational area of a specific beach or
terminal operation
terminal operation (JP 1-02)
usually within 5 miles.
holding point
holding point (JP 1-02)
A geographically or electronically defined location used in stationing aircraft in flight in a predetermined pattern in accordance with air traffic control clearance.
homeland
homeland (JP 1-02)
The physical region that includes the continental United States, Alaska, Hawaii, United States possessions and territories, and surrounding territorial waters and airspace.
homeland defense
homeland defense (JP 1-02)
The protection of United States sovereignty, territory, domestic population, and critical defense infrastructure against external threats and aggression or other threats as directed by the President.
homeland security
homeland security (JP 1-02)
A concerted national effort to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States; reduce America’s vulnerability to terrorism, major disasters, and other emergencies; and minimize the damage and recover from attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies that occur.
home station
home station (JP 1-02)
The permanent location of active duty units and Reserve Component units (e.g., location of armory or reserve center).
homing
homing (JP 1-02)
The technique whereby a mobile station directs itself, or is directed, towards a source of primary or reflected energy, or to a specified point.
homing adaptor
homing adaptor (JP 1-02)
A device which, when used with an aircraft radio receiver, produces aural and/or visual signals that indicate the direction of a transmitting radio station with respect to the heading of the aircraft.
honey pot
honey pot (JP 1-02)
A trap set to detect, deflect, or in some manner counteract attempts at unauthorized use of information systems. Generally it consists of a computer, data, or a network site that appears to be part of a network, but is actually isolated, (un)protected, and monitored, and which seems to contain information or a resource of value to attackers.
air superiority
air superiority (JP 1-02)
That degree of dominance in the air battle by one force that permits the conduct of its operations at a given time and place without prohibitive interference from air and missile threats.
horizontal stowage
horizontal stowage (JP 1-02)
The lateral distribution of unit equipment or categories of supplies so that they can be unloaded simultaneously from two or more holds.
hospital
hospital (JP 1-02)
A medical treatment facility capable of providing inpatient care. It is appropriately staffed and equipped to provide diagnostic and therapeutic services, as well as the necessary supporting services required to perform its assigned mission and functions. A hospital may, in addition, discharge the functions of a clinic.
hostage rescue
hostage rescue (JP 1-02)
A personnel recovery method used to recover isolated personnel who are specifically designated as hostages.
host country
host country (JP 1-02)
A nation which permits, either by written agreement or official invitation, government representatives and/or agencies of another nation to operate, under specified conditions, within its borders.
hostile act
hostile act (JP 1-02)
An attack or other use of force against the US, US forces, or other designated persons or property. It also includes force used directly to preclude or impede the mission and/or duties of US forces, including the recovery of US personnel or vital US Government property.
hostile casualty
hostile casualty (JP 1-02)
A person who is the victim of a terrorist activity or who becomes a casualty “in action.” “In action” characterizes the casualty as having been the direct result of hostile action, sustained in combat or relating thereto, or sustained going to or 142 returning from a combat mission provided that the occurrence was directly related to hostile action. Included are persons killed or wounded mistakenly or accidentally by friendly fire directed at a hostile force or what is thought to be a hostile force. However, not to be considered as sustained in action and not to be interpreted as hostile casualties are injuries or death due to the elements, self-inflicted wounds, combat fatigue, and except in unusual cases, wounds or death inflicted by a friendly force while the individual is in an absent-without-leave, deserter, or dropped-from-rolls status or is voluntarily absent from a place of duty.
hostile intent
hostile intent (JP 1-02)
The threat of imminent use of force against the United States, United States forces, or other designated persons or property.
host nation
host nation (JP 1-02)
A nation which receives the forces and/or supplies of allied nations and/or NATO organizations to be located on, to operate in, or to transit through its territory.
host-nation support
host-nation support (JP 1-02)
Civil and/or military assistance rendered by a nation to foreign forces within its territory during peacetime, crises or emergencies, or war based on agreements mutually concluded between nations.
host-nation support agreement
host-nation support agreement (JP 1-02)
Basic agreement normally concluded at government-togovernment or government- to-combatant commander level. These agreements may include general agreements, umbrella agreements, and memoranda of understanding.
air support coordination section
air support coordination section (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the section of the Navy tactical air control center designated to coordinate, control, and integrate all direct support aircraft (i.e., close air support) and assault support operations.
hovering
hovering (JP 1-02)
A self-sustaining maneuver whereby a fixed, or nearly fixed, position is maintained relative to a spot on the surface of the Earth or underwater.
howitzer
howitzer (JP 1-02)
hub
hub (JP 1-02)
An organization that sorts and distributes inbound cargo from wholesale supply sources (airlifted, sealifted, and ground transportable) and/or from within the theater.
hub and spoke distribution
hub and spoke distribution (JP 1-02)
A physical distribution system developed and modeled on industry standards to provide cargo management for a theater. It is based on a “hub” moving cargo to and between several “spokes”. It is designed to increase transportation efficiencies and in-transit visibility and reduce order ship time.
human factors
human factors (JP 1-02)
The psychological, cultural, behavioral, and other human attributes that influence decision-making, the flow of information, and the interpretation of information by individuals or groups.
human intelligence
human intelligence (JP 1-02)
A category of intelligence derived from information collected and provided by human sources.
humanitarian and civic assistance
humanitarian and civic assistance (JP 1-02)
Assistance to the local populace provided by predominantly US forces in conjunction with military operations and exercises. This assistance is specifically authorized by Title 10, United States Code, Section 401, and funded under separate authorities.
humanitarian assistance
humanitarian assistance (JP 1-02)
Programs conducted to relieve or reduce the results of natural or manmade disasters or other endemic conditions such as human pain, disease, hunger, or privation that might present a serious threat to life or that can result in great damage to or loss of property. Humanitarian assistance provided by US forces is limited in scope and duration. The assistance provided is designed to supplement or complement the efforts of the host nation civil authorities or agencies that may have the primary responsibility for providing humanitarian assistance.
humanitarian assistance coordination center
humanitarian assistance coordination center (JP 1-02)
A temporary center established by a geographic combatant commander to assist with interagency coordination and planning. A humanitarian assistance coordination center operates during the early planning and coordination stages of foreign humanitarian assistance operations by providing the link between the geographic combatant commander and other United States Government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and international and regional organizations at the strategic level.
humanitarian demining assistance
humanitarian demining assistance (JP 1-02)
The activities related to the furnishing of education, training, and technical assistance with respect to the detection and clearance of land mines and other explosive remnants of war.
air support operations center
air support operations center (JP 1-02)
The principal air control agency of the theater air control system responsible for the direction and control of air operations directly supporting the ground combat element. It coordinates air missions requiring integration with other supporting arms and ground forces. It normally collocates with the Army tactical headquarters senior fire support coordination center within the ground combat element.
humanitarian mine action
humanitarian mine action (JP 1-02)
Activities that strive to reduce the social, economic, and environmental impact of land mines, unexploded ordnance and small arms ammunition - also characterized as explosive remnants of war.
humanitarian operations center
humanitarian operations center (JP 1-02)
An international and interagency body that coordinates the overall relief strategy and unity of effort among all participants in a large foreign humanitarian assistance operation. It normally is established under the direction of the government of the affected country or the United Nations, or a US Government agency during a US unilateral operation. Because the humanitarian operations center operates at the national level, it will normally consist of senior representatives from the affected country, assisting countries, the United Nations, nongovernmental organizations, 144 intergovernmental organizations, and other major organizations involved in the operation.
hung ordnance
hung ordnance (JP 1-02)
Those weapons or stores on an aircraft that the pilot has attempted to drop or fire but could not because of a malfunction of the weapon, rack or launcher, or aircraft release and control system.
hydrographic reconnaissance
hydrographic reconnaissance (JP 1-02)
Reconnaissance of an area of water to determine depths, beach gradients, the nature of the bottom, and the location of coral reefs, rocks, shoals, and man-made obstacles.
hyperspectral imagery
hyperspectral imagery (JP 1-02)
Term used to describe the imagery derived from subdividing the electromagnetic spectrum into very narrow bandwidths. These narrow bandwidths may be combined with or subtracted from each other in various ways to form images useful in precise terrain or target analysis. 145 Intentionally Blank 146
identification
identification (JP 1-02)
identification, friend or foe
identification, friend or foe (JP 1-02)
A device that emits a signal positively identifying it as a friendly.
identification maneuver
identification maneuver (JP 1-02)
A maneuver performed for identification purposes.
imagery
imagery (JP 1-02)
A likeness or presentation of any natural or man-made feature or related object or activity, and the positional data acquired at the same time the likeness or representation was acquired, including: products produced by space-based national intelligence reconnaissance systems; and likeness and presentations produced by satellites, airborne platforms, unmanned aerial vehicles, or other similar means (except that such term does not include handheld or clandestine photography taken by or on behalf of human intelligence collection organizations).
imagery exploitation
imagery exploitation (JP 1-02)
(*) The cycle of processing and printing imagery to the positive or negative state, assembly into imagery packs, identification, interpretation, mensuration, information extraction, the preparation of reports, and the dissemination of information.
air support request
air support request (JP 1-02)
A means to request preplanned and immediate close air support, air interdiction, air reconnaissance, surveillance, escort, helicopter airlift, and other aircraft missions.
imagery intelligence
imagery intelligence (JP 1-02)
The technical, geographic, and intelligence information derived through the interpretation or analysis of imagery and collateral materials.
immediate air support
immediate air support (JP 1-02)
Air support to meet specific requests which arise during the course of a battle and which by their nature cannot be planned in advance.
immediate decontamination
immediate decontamination (JP 1-02)
Decontamination carried out by individuals immediately upon becoming contaminated to save lives, minimize casualties, and limit the spread of contamination. This may include decontamination of some personal clothing and/or equipment.
immediate message
immediate message (JP 1-02)
A category of precedence reserved for messages relating to situations that gravely affect the security of national and multinational forces or populace and that require immediate delivery to the addressee(s).
immediate mission request
immediate mission request (JP 1-02)
A request for an air strike on a target that, by its nature, could not be identified sufficiently in advance to permit detailed mission coordination and planning.
immediate response
immediate response (JP 1-02)
Any form of immediate action taken to save lives, prevent human suffering, or mitigate great property damage under imminently serious conditions when time does not permit approval from a higher authority.
immediate response authority
immediate response authority (JP 1-02)
A Federal military commander’s, Department of Defense component head’s, and/or responsible Department of Defense civilian official’s authority temporarily to employ resources under their control, subject to any supplemental direction provided by higher headquarters, and provide those resources to save lives, prevent human suffering, or mitigate great property damage in response to a request for assistance from a civil authority, under imminently serious conditions when time does not permit approval from a higher authority within the United States. Immediate response authority does not permit actions that would subject civilians to the use of military power that is regulatory, prescriptive, proscriptive, or compulsory. (DODD 3025.18)
impact area
impact area (JP 1-02)
An area having designated boundaries within the limits of which all ordnance will detonate or impact.
implementation
implementation (JP 1-02)
Procedures governing the mobilization of the force and the deployment, employment, and sustainment of military operations in response to execution orders issued by the Secretary of Defense.
implied task
implied task (JP 1-02)
In the context of joint operation planning, a task derived during mission analysis that an organization must perform or prepare to perform to accomplish a specified task or the mission, but which is not stated in the higher headquarters order.
air supremacy
air supremacy (JP 1-02)
That degree of air superiority wherein the opposing force is incapable of effective interference within the operational area using air and missile threats.
imprest fund
imprest fund (JP 1-02)
A cash fund of a fixed amount established through an advance of funds, without appropriation change, to an authorized imprest fund cashier to effect immediate cash payments of relatively small amounts for authorized purchases of supplies and nonpersonal services.
improvised explosive device
improvised explosive device (JP 1-02)
A weapon that is fabricated or emplaced in an unconventional manner incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals designed to kill, destroy, incapacitate, harass, deny mobility, or distract.
inactive duty training
inactive duty training (JP 1-02)
Authorized training performed by a member of a Reserve Component not on active duty or active duty for training and consisting of regularly scheduled unit training assemblies, additional training assemblies, periods of appropriate duty or equivalent training, and any special additional duties authorized for Reserve Component personnel by the Secretary concerned, and performed by them in connection with the prescribed activities of the organization in which they are assigned with or without pay. Does not include work or study associated with correspondence courses. 148
Inactive National Guard
Inactive National Guard (JP 1-02)
Army National Guard personnel in an inactive status not in the Selected Reserve who are attached to a specific National Guard unit but do not participate in training activities. Upon mobilization, they will mobilize with their units. In order for these personnel to remain members of the Inactive National Guard, they must muster once a year with their assigned unit. Like the Individual Ready Reserve, all members of the Inactive National Guard have legal, contractual obligations. Members of the Inactive National Guard may not train for retirement credit or pay and are not eligible for promotion.
inactive status
inactive status (JP 1-02)
Status of reserve members on an inactive status list of a Reserve Component or assigned to the Inactive Army National Guard. Those in an inactive status may not train for points or pay, and may not be considered for promotion.
incapacitating agent
incapacitating agent (JP 1-02)
A chemical agent, which produces temporary disabling conditions which (unlike those caused by riot control agents) can be physical or mental and persist for hours or days after exposure to the agent has ceased.
incident
incident (JP 1-02)
incident command post
incident command post (JP 1-02)
The field location at which the primary tactical-level on-scene incident command functions are performed. It may be collocated with the incident base or other incident facilities and is normally identified by a green rotating or flashing light.
incident command system
incident command system (JP 1-02)
A standardized on-scene emergency management construct designed to aid in the management of resources during incidents. Consists of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications established for this purpose.
incident management
incident management (JP 1-02)
A national comprehensive approach to preventing, preparing for, responding to, and recovering from terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies. Incident management includes measures and activities performed at the local, state, and national levels and includes both crisis and consequence management activities.
air tasking order
air tasking order (JP 1-02)
A method used to task and disseminate to components, subordinate units, and command and control agencies projected sorties, capabilities and/or forces to targets and specific missions. Normally provides specific instructions to include call signs, targets, controlling agencies, etc., as well as general instructions.
incremental costs
incremental costs (JP 1-02)
Costs which are additional costs to the Service appropriations that would not have been incurred absent support of the contingency operation.
independent government estimate
independent government estimate (JP 1-02)
The government’s estimate of the resources and projected cost of the resources a contractor will incur in the performance of the contract.
indications
indications (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, information in various degrees of evaluation, all of which bear on the intention of a potential enemy to adopt or reject a course of action.
indications and warning
indications and warning (JP 1-02)
Those intelligence activities intended to detect and report timesensitive intelligence information on foreign developments that could involve a threat to the United States or allied and/or coalition military, political, or economic interests or to US citizens abroad. It includes forewarning of hostile actions or intentions against the United States, its activities, overseas forces, or allied and/or coalition nations.
indicator
indicator (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, an item of information which reflects the intention or capability of an adversary to adopt or reject a course of action.
indigenous populations and institutions
indigenous populations and institutions (JP 1-02)
A generic term used to describe the civilian construct of an operational area to include its populations (legal citizens, legal and illegal immigrants, and all categories of dislocated civilians), governmental, tribal, commercial, and private organizations and entities.
indirect fire
indirect fire (JP 1-02)
Fire delivered on a target that is not itself used as a point of aim for the weapons or the director.
individual mobilization augmentee
individual mobilization augmentee (JP 1-02)
An individual reservist attending drills who receives training and is preassigned to an Active Component organization, a Selective Service System, or a Federal Emergency Management Agency billet that must be filled on, or shortly after, mobilization. Individual mobilization augmentees train on a parttime basis with these organizations to prepare for mobilization. Inactive duty training for individual mobilization augmentees is decided by component policy and can vary from 0 to 48 drills a year.
individual protective equipment
individual protective equipment (JP 1-02)
In chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear operations, the personal clothing and equipment required to protect an individual from chemical, biological, and radiological hazards and some nuclear hazards.
Individual Ready Reserve
Individual Ready Reserve (JP 1-02)
A manpower pool consisting of individuals who have had some training or who have served previously in the Active Component or in the Selected Reserve, and may have some period of their military service obligation remaining. 150 Members may voluntarily participate in training for retirement points and promotion with or without pay.
air terminal
air terminal (JP 1-02)
A facility on an airfield that functions as an air transportation hub and accommodates the loading and unloading of airlift aircraft and the intransit processing of traffic. The airfield may or may not be designated an aerial port.
industrial mobilization
industrial mobilization (JP 1-02)
The transformation of industry from its peacetime activity to the industrial program necessary to support the national military objectives. It includes the mobilization of materials, labor, capital, production facilities, and contributory items and services essential to the industrial program.
industrial preparedness
industrial preparedness (JP 1-02)
The state of preparedness of industry to produce essential materiel to support the national military objectives.
industrial preparedness program
industrial preparedness program (JP 1-02)
Plans, actions, or measures for the transformation of the industrial base, both government-owned and civilian-owned, from its peacetime activity to the emergency program necessary to support the national military objectives. It includes industrial preparedness measures such as modernization, expansion, and preservation of the production facilities and contributory items and services for planning with industry.
inertial navigation system
inertial navigation system (JP 1-02)
A self-contained navigation system using inertial detectors, which automatically provides vehicle position, heading, and velocity.
infiltration
infiltration (JP 1-02)
influence mine
influence mine (JP 1-02)
A mine actuated by the effect of a target on some physical condition in the vicinity of the mine or on radiations emanating from the mine.
influence sweep
influence sweep (JP 1-02)
A sweep designed to produce an influence similar to that produced by a ship and thus actuate mines.
information assurance
information assurance (JP 1-02)
Measures that protect and defend information and information systems by ensuring their availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality, and nonrepudiation. This includes providing for restoration of information systems by incorporating protection, detection, and reaction capabilities.
information-based processes
information-based processes (JP 1-02)
Processes that collect, analyze, and disseminate information using any medium or form. These processes may be stand-alone processes 151 or sub-processes that, taken together, comprise a larger system or systems of processes.
information environment
information environment (JP 1-02)
The aggregate of individuals, organizations, and systems that collect, process, disseminate, or act on information.
air traffic controller
air traffic controller (JP 1-02)
An air controller specially trained and certified for civilian air traffic control.
information management
information management (JP 1-02)
The function of managing an organization’s information resources for the handling of data and information acquired by one or many different systems, individuals, and organizations in a way that optimizes access by all who have a share in that data or a right to that information.
information operations
information operations (JP 1-02)
The integrated employment, during military operations, of information-related capabilities in concert with other lines of operation to influence, disrupt, corrupt, or usurp the decision-making of adversaries and potential adversaries while protecting our own. (SecDef Memo 12401-10)
information report
information report (JP 1-02)
Report used to forward raw information collected to fulfill intelligence requirements.
information requirements
information requirements (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, those items of information regarding the adversary and other relevant aspects of the operational environment that need to be collected and processed in order to meet the intelligence requirements of a commander.
information resources
information resources (JP 1-02)
Information and related resources, such as personnel, equipment, and information technology.
information security
information security (JP 1-02)
The protection of information and information systems against unauthorized access or modification of information, whether in storage, processing, or transit, and against denial of service to authorized users.
information superiority
information superiority (JP 1-02)
The operational advantage derived from the ability to collect, process, and disseminate an uninterrupted flow of information while exploiting or denying an adversary’s ability to do the same.
information system
information system (JP 1-02)
The entire infrastructure, organization, personnel, and components for the collection, processing, storage, transmission, display, dissemination, and disposition of information.
infrared imagery
infrared imagery (JP 1-02)
That imagery produced as a result of sensing electromagnetic radiations emitted or reflected from a given target surface in the infrared position of the electromagnetic spectrum (approximately 0.72 to 1,000 microns). 152
infrared pointer
infrared pointer (JP 1-02)
A low power laser device operating in the near infrared light spectrum that is visible with light amplifying night vision devices.
active duty
active duty (JP 1-02)
Full-time duty in the active military service of the United States. This includes members of the Reserve Component serving on active duty or full-time training duty, but does not include full-time National Guard duty.
air traffic control section
air traffic control section (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the section of the Navy tactical air control center designed to provide initial safe passage, radar control, and surveillance for close air support aircraft in the operational area.
infrastructure
infrastructure (JP 1-02)
All building and permanent installations necessary for the support, redeployment, and military forces operations (e.g., barracks, headquarters, airfields, communications, facilities, stores, port installations, and maintenance stations).
initial assessment
initial assessment (JP 1-02)
An assessment that provides a basic determination of the viability of the infiltration and exfiltration portion of a proposed special operations forces mission.
initial operational capability
initial operational capability (JP 1-02)
The first attainment of the capability to employ effectively a weapon, item of equipment, or system of approved specific characteristics that is manned or operated by an adequately trained, equipped, and supported military unit or force.
initial radiation
initial radiation (JP 1-02)
The radiation, essentially neutrons and gamma rays, resulting from a nuclear burst and emitted from the fireball within one minute after burst.
initial reception point
initial reception point (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, a secure area or facility under friendly control where initial reception of recovered isolated personnel can safely take place.
initial response force
initial response force (JP 1-02)
The first unit, usually military police, on the scene of a terrorist incident.
initial unloading period
initial unloading period (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, that part of the ship-to-shore movement in which unloading is primarily tactical in character and must be instantly responsive to landing force requirements. All elements intended to land during this period are serialized.
initiating directive
initiating directive (JP 1-02)
An order to a subordinate commander to conduct military operations as directed. It is issued by the unified commander, subunified commander, Service component commander, or joint force commander delegated overall responsibility for the operation.
injury
injury (JP 1-02)
A term comprising such conditions as fractures, wounds, sprains, strains, dislocations, concussions, and compressions. In addition, it includes conditions resulting from extremes of temperature or prolonged exposure. Acute poisonings (except those due to contaminated food) resulting from exposure to a toxic or poisonous substance are also classed as injuries. 153 inland petroleum distribution system —A multi-product system consisting of both commercially available and military standard petroleum equipment that can be assembled by military personnel and, when assembled into an integrated petroleum distribution system, provides the military with the capability required to support an operational force with bulk fuels. The inland petroleum distribution system is comprised of three primary subsystems: tactical petroleum terminal, pipeline segments, and pump stations.
inland search and rescue region
inland search and rescue region (JP 1-02)
The inland areas of the continental United States, except waters under the jurisdiction of the United States.
airways station
airways station (JP 1-02)
A ground communication installation established, manned, and equipped to communicate with aircraft in flight, as well as with other designated airways installations, for the purpose of expeditious and safe movements of aircraft. These stations may or may not be located on designated airways.
inner transport area
inner transport area (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, an area as close to the landing beach as depth of water, navigational hazards, boat traffic, and enemy action permit, to which transports may move to expedite unloading.
insider threat
insider threat (JP 1-02)
A person, known or suspected, who uses their authorized access to Department of Defense facilities, systems, equipment, information or infrastructure to damage, disrupt operations, commit espionage on behalf of a foreign intelligence entity or support international terrorist organizations.
instrument approach procedure
instrument approach procedure (JP 1-02)
A series of predetermined maneuvers for the orderly transfer of an aircraft under instrument flight conditions from the beginning of the initial approach to a landing or to a point from which a landing may be made visually or the missed approach procedure is initiated.
instrument meteorological conditions
instrument meteorological conditions (JP 1-02)
Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling; less than minimums specified for visual meteorological conditions.
instruments of national power
instruments of national power (JP 1-02)
All of the means available to the government in its pursuit of national objectives. They are expressed as diplomatic, economic, informational and military.
in support of
in support of (JP 1-02)
Assisting or protecting another formation, unit, or organization while remaining under original control.
insurgency
insurgency (JP 1-02)
The organized use of subversion and violence by a group or movement that seeks to overthrow or force change of a governing authority. Insurgency can also refer to the group itself.
integrated air and missile defense
integrated air and missile defense (JP 1-02)
The integration of capabilities and overlapping operations to defend the homeland and United States national interests, protect the joint 154 force, and enable freedom of action by negating an adversary’s ability to create adverse effects from their air and missile capabilities.
integrated consumable item support
integrated consumable item support (JP 1-02)
A decision support system that takes time-phased force and deployment data (i.e., Department of Defense deployment plans) and calculates the ability of the Defense Logistics Agency, the warehousing unit of the Department of Defense, to support those plans. Integrated consumable item support can calculate for the planned deployment supply/demand curves for over two million individual items stocked by the Defense Logistics Agency in support of deployment.
integrated financial operations
integrated financial operations (JP 1-02)
The integration, synchronization, prioritization, and targeting of fiscal resources and capabilities across United States departments and agencies, multinational partners, and nongovernmental organizations against an adversary and in support of the population.
alert force
alert force (JP 1-02)
Specified forces maintained in a special degree of readiness.
integrated logistic support
integrated logistic support (JP 1-02)
A composite of all the support considerations necessary to assure the effective and economical support of a system for its life cycle.
integrated materiel management
integrated materiel management (JP 1-02)
The exercise of total Department of Defense-level management responsibility for a federal supply group or class, commodity, or item for a single agency. It normally includes computation of requirements, funding, budgeting, storing, issuing, cataloging, standardizing, and procuring functions.
integrated planning
integrated planning (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the planning accomplished by commanders and staffs of corresponding echelons from parallel chains of command within the amphibious task force.
integrated priority list
integrated priority list (JP 1-02)
A list of a combatant commander’s highest priority requirements, prioritized across Service and functional lines, defining shortfalls in key programs that, in the judgment of the combatant commander, adversely affect the capability of the combatant commander’s forces to accomplish their assigned mission.
integrated staff
integrated staff (JP 1-02)
(*) A staff in which one officer only is appointed to each post on the establishment of the headquarters, irrespective of nationality and Service.
integration
integration (JP 1-02)
intelligence
intelligence (JP 1-02)
The product resulting from the collection, processing, integration, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of available information concerning foreign nations, hostile or potentially hostile forces or elements, or areas of actual or potential operations. The term is also applied to the activity which results in the product and to the organizations engaged in such activity.
intelligence annex
intelligence annex (JP 1-02)
A supporting document of an operation plan or order that provides detailed information on the enemy situation, assignment of intelligence tasks, and intelligence administrative procedures.
intelligence community
intelligence community (JP 1-02)
All departments or agencies of a government that are concerned with intelligence activity, either in an oversight, managerial, support, or participatory role.
intelligence database
intelligence database (JP 1-02)
The sum of holdings of intelligence data and finished intelligence products at a given organization.
alerting service
alerting service (JP 1-02)
A service provided to notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of search and rescue aid, and assist such organizations as required.
intelligence discipline
intelligence discipline (JP 1-02)
A well defined area of intelligence planning, collection, processing, exploitation, analysis, and reporting using a specific category of technical or human resources. There are seven major disciplines: human intelligence, geospatial intelligence, measurement and signature intelligence, signals intelligence, open-source intelligence, technical intelligence, and counterintelligence.
intelligence estimate
intelligence estimate (JP 1-02)
The appraisal, expressed in writing or orally, of available intelligence relating to a specific situation or condition with a view to determining the courses of action open to the enemy or adversary and the order of probability of their adoption.
intelligence federation
intelligence federation (JP 1-02)
A formal agreement in which a combatant command joint intelligence center receives preplanned intelligence support from other joint intelligence 156 centers, Service intelligence organizations, reserve organizations, and national agencies during crisis or contingency operations.
intelligence information report
intelligence information report (JP 1-02)
The primary vehicle used to provide human intelligence information to the consumer. It utilizes a message format structure that supports automated data entry into intelligence community databases.
intelligence interrogation
intelligence interrogation (JP 1-02)
The systematic process of using approved interrogation approaches to question a captured or detained person to obtain reliable information to satisfy intelligence requirements, consistent with applicable law.
intelligence mission management
intelligence mission management (JP 1-02)
A systematic process by a joint intelligence staff to proactively and continuously formulate and revise command intelligence requirements, and track the resulting information through the processing, exploitation, and dissemination process to satisfy user requirements.
intelligence operations
intelligence operations (JP 1-02)
The variety of intelligence and counterintelligence tasks that are carried out by various intelligence organizations and activities within the intelligence process.
intelligence preparation of the battlespace
intelligence preparation of the battlespace (JP 1-02)
The analytical methodologies employed by the Services or joint force component commands to reduce uncertainties concerning the enemy, environment, time, and terrain. Intelligence preparation of the battlespace supports the individual operations of the joint force component commands.
intelligence process
intelligence process (JP 1-02)
The process by which information is converted into intelligence and made available to users, consisting of the six interrelated intelligence operations: planning and direction, collection, processing and exploitation, analysis and production, dissemination and integration, and evaluation and feedback.
intelligence-related activities
intelligence-related activities (JP 1-02)
Those activities outside the consolidated defense intelligence program that: respond to operational commanders’ tasking for timesensitive information on foreign entities; respond to national intelligence community tasking of systems whose primary mission is support to operating forces; train personnel for intelligence duties; provide an intelligence reserve; or are devoted to research and development of intelligence or related capabilities. (Specifically excluded are programs that are so closely integrated with a weapon system that their primary function is to provide immediate-use targeting data.)
alert order
alert order (JP 1-02)
intelligence report
intelligence report (JP 1-02)
A specific report of information, usually on a single item, made at any level of command in tactical operations and disseminated as rapidly as possible in keeping with the timeliness of the information.
intelligence reporting
intelligence reporting (JP 1-02)
The preparation and conveyance of information by any means. More commonly, the term is restricted to reports as they are prepared by the collector and as they are transmitted by the collector to the latter’s headquarters and by this component of the intelligence structure to one or more intelligence-producing components. Thus, even in this limited sense, reporting embraces both collection and dissemination. The term is applied to normal and specialist intelligence reports.
intelligence requirement
intelligence requirement (JP 1-02)
intelligence source
intelligence source (JP 1-02)
The means or system that can be used to observe and record information relating to the condition, situation, or activities of a targeted location, organization, or individual. An intelligence source can be people, documents, equipment, or technical sensors.
intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance
intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (JP 1-02)
An activity that synchronizes and integrates the planning and operation of sensors, assets, and processing, exploitation, and dissemination systems in direct support of current and future operations. This is an integrated intelligence and operations function.
intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance visualization
intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance visualization (JP 1-02)
The capability to graphically display the current and future locations of intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance sensors, their projected platform tracks, vulnerability to threat capabilities and meteorological and oceanographic phenomena, fields of regard, tasked collection targets, and products to provide a basis for dynamic retasking and time-sensitive decision making.
intelligence system
intelligence system (JP 1-02)
Any formal or informal system to manage data gathering, to obtain and process the data, to interpret the data, and to provide reasoned judgments to decision makers as a basis for action.
interagency
interagency (JP 1-02)
Of or pertaining to United States Government agencies and departments, including the Department of Defense.
interagency coordination
interagency coordination (JP 1-02)
Within the context of Department of Defense involvement, the coordination that occurs between elements of Department of Defense, and engaged 158 US Government agencies and departments for the purpose of achieving an objective.
intercontinental ballistic missile
intercontinental ballistic missile (JP 1-02)
A land-based, long-range ballistic missile with a range capability greater than 3,000 nautical miles.
all appropriate action
all appropriate action (JP 1-02)
Action taken in self-defense that is reasonable in intensity, duration, and magnitude, based on all the facts known to the commander at the time.
interdepartmental or agency support
interdepartmental or agency support (JP 1-02)
Provision of logistic and/or administrative support in services or materiel by one or more Military Services to one or more departments or agencies of the United States Government (other than military) with or without reimbursement.
interdiction
interdiction (JP 1-02)
intergovernmental organization
intergovernmental organization (JP 1-02)
An organization created by a formal agreement between two or more governments on a global, regional, or functional basis to protect and promote national interests shared by member states.
intermediate-range ballistic missile
intermediate-range ballistic missile (JP 1-02)
A land-based ballistic missile with a range capability from 1,500 to 3,000 nautical miles.
intermediate staging base
intermediate staging base (JP 1-02)
A tailorable, temporary location used for staging forces, sustainment and/or extraction into and out of an operational area.
intermodal
intermodal (JP 1-02)
Type of international freight system that permits transshipping among sea, highway, rail, and air modes of transportation through use of American National Standards Institute and International Organization for Standardization containers, linehaul assets, and handling equipment.
intermodal systems
intermodal systems (JP 1-02)
Specialized transportation facilities, assets, and handling procedures designed to create a seamless transportation system by combining multimodal operations and facilities during the shipment of cargo.
internal audience
internal audience (JP 1-02)
US military members and Department of Defense civilian employees and their immediate families.
internal defense and development
internal defense and development (JP 1-02)
The full range of measures taken by a nation to promote its growth and to protect itself from subversion, lawlessness, insurgency, 159 terrorism, and other threats to its security.
internal information
internal information (JP 1-02)
See command information.
alliance
alliance (JP 1-02)
The relationship that results from a formal agreement between two or more nations for broad, long-term objectives that further the common interests of the members.
internally displaced person
internally displaced person (JP 1-02)
Any person who has been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their home or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized state border.
internal security
internal security (JP 1-02)
The state of law and order prevailing within a nation.
internal waters
internal waters (JP 1-02)
All waters, other than lawfully claimed archipelagic waters, landward of the baseline from which the territorial sea is measured. Archipelagic states may also delimit internal waters consistent with the 1982 convention on the law of the sea. All states have complete sovereignty over their internal waters.
International Convention for Safe Containers
International Convention for Safe Containers (JP 1-02)
A convention held in Geneva, Switzerland, on 2 Dec 1972, which resulted in setting standard safety requirements for containers moving in international transport. These requirements were ratified by the United States on 3 January 1978.
international cooperative logistics
international cooperative logistics (JP 1-02)
(*) Cooperation and mutual support in the field of logistics through the coordination of policies, plans, procedures, development activities, and the common supply and exchange of goods and services arranged on the basis of bilateral and multilateral agreements with appropriate cost reimbursement provisions.
international logistics
international logistics (JP 1-02)
The negotiating, planning, and implementation of supporting logistic arrangements between nations, their forces, and agencies. It includes furnishing logistic support (major end items, materiel, and/or services) to, or receiving logistic support from, one or more friendly foreign governments, international organizations, or military forces, with or without reimbursement. It also includes planning and actions related to the intermeshing of a significant element, activity, or component of the military logistic systems or procedures of the United States with those of one or more foreign governments, international organizations, or military forces on a temporary or permanent basis. It includes planning and actions related to the utilization of United States logistic policies, systems, and/or procedures to meet requirements of one or more foreign governments, international organizations, or forces.
international logistic support
international logistic support (JP 1-02)
The provision of military logistic support by one participating nation to one or more participating nations, either with or without reimbursement. 160
international military education and training
international military education and training (JP 1-02)
Formal or informal instruction provided to foreign military students, units, and forces on a nonreimbursable (grant) basis by offices or employees of the United States, contract technicians, and contractors. Instruction may include correspondence courses; technical, educational, or informational publications; and media of all kinds.
international narcotics activities
international narcotics activities (JP 1-02)
Those activities outside the United States which produce, transfer, or sell narcotics or other substances controlled in accordance with
Title 21, “Food and Drugs”
Title 21, “Food and Drugs” (JP 1-02)
United States Code, sections 811 and 812.
allocation request
allocation request (JP 1-02)
A message used to provide an estimate of the total air effort, to identify any excess and joint force general support aircraft sorties, and to identify unfilled air requirements. This message is used only for preplanned missions and is transmitted on a daily basis, normally 24 hours prior to the start of the next air tasking day.
International Organization for Standardization
International Organization for Standardization (JP 1-02)
A worldwide federation of national standards bodies from some 100 countries, one from each country. The International Organization for Standardization is a nongovernmental organization, established to promote the development of standardization and related activities in the world with a view to facilitating the international exchange of goods and services, and to developing cooperation in the spheres of intellectual, scientific, technological, and economic activity.
interoperability
interoperability (JP 1-02)
1. The ability to operate in synergy in the execution of assigned tasks.
interorganizational coordination
interorganizational coordination (JP 1-02)
The interaction that occurs among elements of the Department of Defense; engaged United States Government agencies; state, territorial, local, and tribal agencies; foreign military forces and government agencies; intergovernmental organizations; nongovernmental organizations; and the private sector.
interpretation
interpretation (JP 1-02)
A part of the analysis and production phase in the intelligence process in which the significance of information is judged in relation to the current body of knowledge.
interrogation
interrogation (JP 1-02)
Systematic effort to procure information by direct questioning of a person under the control of the questioner.
inter-Service, intragovernmental agreements
inter-Service, intragovernmental agreements (JP 1-02)
Formal long-term or operational specific support agreements between Services, Department of Defense (DOD), and/or nonDOD agencies governed by DOD Instruction 4000.19, Interservice and Intragovernmental Support. These agreements, normally developed at the Service Secretariat and governmental agency director level, document funding and reimbursement procedures as well as standards of support between the supplying and receiving Service or agencies. Inter-Service, intragovernmental agreements, while 161 binding Service level agreements, do not connote DOD-level executive agent responsibilities.
inter-Service support
inter-Service support (JP 1-02)
Action by one Military Service or element thereof to provide logistic and/or administrative support to another Military Service or element thereof. Such action can be recurring or nonrecurring in character on an installation, area, or worldwide basis.
intertheater
intertheater (JP 1-02)
Between theaters or between the continental United States and theaters.
intertheater airlift
intertheater airlift (JP 1-02)
The common-user airlift linking theaters to the continental United States and to other theaters as well as the airlift within the continental United States. The majority of these air mobility assets is assigned to the Commander, United States Transportation Command. Because of the intertheater ranges usually involved, intertheater airlift is normally conducted by the heavy, longer range, intercontinental airlift assets but may be augmented with shorter range aircraft when required. Formerly referred to as “strategic airlift.”
intertheater patient movement
intertheater patient movement (JP 1-02)
Moving patients between, into, and out of the different theaters of the geographic combatant commands and into the continental United States or another supporting theater.
allotment
allotment (JP 1-02)
The temporary change of assignment of tactical air forces between subordinate commands. The authority to allot is vested in the commander having combatant command (command authority). 15
intertheater traffic
intertheater traffic (JP 1-02)
Traffic between theaters exclusive of that between the continental United States and theaters.
intransit aeromedical evacuation facility
intransit aeromedical evacuation facility (JP 1-02)
A medical facility, on or in the vicinity of an air base, that provides limited medical care for intransit patients awaiting air transportation. This type of medical facility is provided to obtain effective utilization of transport airlift within operating schedules. It includes “remain overnight” facilities, intransit facilities at aerial ports of embarkation and debarkation, and casualty staging facilities in an overseas combat area.
in-transit visibility
in-transit visibility (JP 1-02)
The ability to track the identity, status, and location of Department of Defense units, and non-unit cargo (excluding bulk petroleum, oils, and lubricants) and passengers; patients; and personal property from origin to consignee or destination across the range of military operations.
intratheater
intratheater (JP 1-02)
Within a theater.
intratheater airlift
intratheater airlift (JP 1-02)
Airlift conducted within a theater. Assets assigned to a geographic combatant commander or attached to a subordinate joint force commander normally conduct intratheater airlift operations. Intratheater airlift provides air movement and 162 delivery of personnel and equipment directly into objective areas through air landing, airdrop, extraction, or other delivery techniques as well as the air logistic support of all theater forces, including those engaged in combat operations, to meet specific theater objectives and requirements. During large-scale operations, US Transportation Command assets may be tasked to augment intratheater airlift operations, and may be temporarily attached to a joint force commander. Formerly referred to as theater airlift.
intratheater patient movement
intratheater patient movement (JP 1-02)
Moving patients within the theater of a combatant command or in the continental United States.
inventory control
inventory control (JP 1-02)
That phase of military logistics that includes managing, cataloging, requirements determinations, procurement, distribution, overhaul, and disposal of materiel.
inventory management; materiel control; materiel management; supply management
inventory control point
inventory control point (JP 1-02)
An organizational unit or activity within a Department of Defense supply system that is assigned the primary responsibility for the materiel management of a group of items either for a particular Service or for the Defense Department as a whole. Materiel inventory management includes cataloging direction, requirements computation, procurement direction, distribution management, disposal direction and, generally, rebuild direction.
inventory management
inventory management (JP 1-02)
See inventory control.
inventory managers
inventory managers (JP 1-02)
See inventory control point.
allowable cabin load
allowable cabin load (JP 1-02)
The maximum payload that can be carried on an individual sortie.
ionizing radiation
ionizing radiation (JP 1-02)
Particulate (alpha, beta, and neutron) and electromagnetic (X-ray and gamma) radiation of sufficient energy to displace electrons from atoms, producing ions.
ionosphere
ionosphere (JP 1-02)
That part of the atmosphere, extending from about 70 to 500 kilometers, in which ions and free electrons exist in sufficient quantities to reflect electromagnetic waves.
IR pointer
IR pointer (JP 1-02)
See infrared pointer.
irregular forces
irregular forces (JP 1-02)
Armed individuals or groups who are not members of the regular armed forces, police, or other internal security forces.
irregular warfare
irregular warfare (JP 1-02)
A violent struggle among state and non-state actors for legitimacy and influence over the relevant population(s). Irregular warfare favors indirect and asymmetric approaches, though it may employ the full range of military and other capacities, in order to erode an adversary’s power, influence, and will.
isolated personnel
isolated personnel (JP 1-02)
US military, Department of Defense civilians and contractor personnel (and others designated by the President or Secretary of Defense) who are separated from their unit (as an individual or a group) while participating in a US sponsored military activity or mission and are, or may be, in a situation where they must survive, evade, resist, or escape.
isolated personnel report
isolated personnel report (JP 1-02)
A Department of Defense Form (DD 1833) containing information designed to facilitate the identification and authentication of an isolated person by a recovery force.
issue control group
issue control group (JP 1-02)
A detachment that operates the staging area, consisting of holding areas and loading areas, in an operation.
item manager
item manager (JP 1-02)
An individual within the organization of an inventory control point or other such organization assigned management responsibility for one or more specific items of materiel.
J-2X
J-2X (JP 1-02)
The staff element of the intelligence directorate of a joint staff that combines and represents the principal authority for counterintelligence and human intelligence support.
active duty for special work
active duty for special work (JP 1-02)
A tour of active duty for reserve personnel authorized from military and reserve personnel appropriations for work on active or reserve component programs.
all-source intelligence
all-source intelligence (JP 1-02)
joint
joint (JP 1-02)
Connotes activities, operations, organizations, etc., in which elements of two or more Military Departments participate.
joint acquisition review board
joint acquisition review board (JP 1-02)
A joint task force or subunified commander established board used to review and make recommendations for controlling critical common-user logistic supplies and services within the joint operational area and to recommend the proper sources of support for approved support requirements.
joint after action report
joint after action report (JP 1-02)
A report consisting of summary joint universal lessons learned. It describes a real world operation or training exercise and identifies significant lessons learned.
joint air attack team
joint air attack team (JP 1-02)
A combination of attack and/or scout rotary-wing aircraft and fixed-wing close air support aircraft operating together to locate and attack highpriority targets and other targets of opportunity. The joint air attack team normally operates as a coordinated effort supported by fire support, air defense artillery, naval surface fire support, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance systems, electronic warfare systems, and ground maneuver forces against enemy forces. Joint terminal attack controllers may perform duties as directed by the air mission commander in support of the ground commander’s scheme of maneuver.
joint air component coordination element
joint air component coordination element (JP 1-02)
A general term for the liaison element that serves as the direct representative of the joint force air component commander for joint air operations.
joint air operations
joint air operations (JP 1-02)
Air operations performed with air capabilities/forces made available by components in support of the joint force commander’s operation or campaign objectives, or in support of other components of the joint force.
joint air operations center
joint air operations center (JP 1-02)
A jointly staffed facility established for planning, directing, and executing joint air operations in support of the joint force commander’s operation or campaign objectives.
joint air operations plan
joint air operations plan (JP 1-02)
A plan for a connected series of joint air operations to achieve the joint force commander’s objectives within a given time and joint operational area.
joint base
joint base (JP 1-02)
For purposes of base defense operations, a joint base is a locality from which operations of two or more of the Military Departments are projected or supported and which is manned by significant elements of two or more Military Departments or in which significant elements of two or more Military Departments are located.
joint captured materiel exploitation center
joint captured materiel exploitation center (JP 1-02)
An element responsible for deriving intelligence information from captured enemy materiel. It is normally subordinate to the intelligence directorate of a joint staff.
ambulance exchange point
ambulance exchange point (JP 1-02)
A location where a patient is transferred from one ambulance to another en route to a medical treatment facility. This may be an established point in an ambulance shuttle or it may be designated independently.
joint civil-military operations task force
joint civil-military operations task force (JP 1-02)
A joint task force composed of civil-military operations units from more than one Service. It provides support to the joint force commander in humanitarian or nation assistance operations, theater campaigns, or civil-military operations concurrent with or subsequent to regional conflict. It can organize military interaction among many governmental and nongovernmental humanitarian agencies within the theater.
joint combined exchange training
joint combined exchange training (JP 1-02)
A program conducted overseas to fulfill US forces training requirements and at the same time exchange the sharing of skills between US forces and host nation counterparts.
joint communications network
joint communications network (JP 1-02)
The aggregation of all the joint communications systems in a theater. The joint communications network includes the joint multichannel trunking and switching system and the joint command and control communications system(s).
joint concept
joint concept (JP 1-02)
Links strategic guidance to the development and employment of future joint force capabilities and serve as “engines for transformation” that may ultimately lead to doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leadership and education, personnel and facilities (DOTMLPF) and policy changes. (CJCSI 3010.02)
joint contracting support board
joint contracting support board (JP 1-02)
A joint task force or subunified commander established board to coordinate all contracting support and to determine specific contracting mechanisms to obtain commercially procured common logistic supplies and services within the joint operational area.
joint counterintelligence unit
joint counterintelligence unit (JP 1-02)
An organization composed of Service and Department of Defense agency counterintelligence personnel, formed under the authority of the Secretary of Defense and assigned to a combatant commander, which focuses on combatant command strategic and operational counterintelligence missions.
joint data network operations officer
joint data network operations officer (JP 1-02)
The joint task force operations directorate officer responsible to the commander for integrating data from supporting components into a common database used to generate the common tactical picture.
joint deployable intelligence support system
joint deployable intelligence support system (JP 1-02)
A transportable workstation and communications suite that electronically extends a joint intelligence center to a joint task force or other tactical user.
Joint Deployment and Distribution Enterprise
Joint Deployment and Distribution Enterprise (JP 1-02)
The complex of equipment, procedures, doctrine, leaders, technical connectivity, information, shared knowledge, organizations, facilities, training, and materiel necessary to conduct joint distribution operations. (DODI 5851.06)
joint deployment and distribution operations center
joint deployment and distribution operations center (JP 1-02)
A combatant command movement control organization designed to synchronize and optimize national and theater multimodal resources for deployment, distribution, and sustainment,
American Forces Radio and Television Service
American Forces Radio and Television Service (JP 1-02)
A worldwide radio and television broadcasting organization that provides United States military commanders overseas and at sea with sufficient electronic media resources to effectively communicate theater, local, Department of Defense, and Service-unique command information to their personnel and family members.
joint desired point of impact
joint desired point of impact (JP 1-02)
A unique, alpha-numeric coded aimpoint identified by a three dimensional (latitude, longitude, elevation) mensurated point. It represents a weapon or capabilities desired point of impact or penetration and is used as the standard for identifying aimpoints.
joint distribution
joint distribution (JP 1-02)
The operational process of synchronizing all elements of the joint logistic system using the Joint Deployment and Distribution Enterprise for end-to-end movement of forces and materiel from point of origin to the designated point of need.
joint doctrine
joint doctrine (JP 1-02)
Fundamental principles that guide the employment of United States military forces in coordinated action toward a common objective and may include terms, tactics, techniques, and procedures. (CJCSI 5120.02)
joint doctrine development community
joint doctrine development community (JP 1-02)
The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Services, the combatant commands, the Joint Staff, the combat support agencies, and the doctrine development agencies of the Services and the joint community. (CJCSI 5120.02)
Joint Doctrine Development System
Joint Doctrine Development System (JP 1-02)
The system of lead agents, Joint Staff doctrine sponsors, primary review authorities, coordinating review authorities, technical review authorities, assessment agents, evaluation agents, Joint Doctrine Planning Conference, procedures, and hierarchical framework designed to initiate, develop, approve, and maintain joint publications. (CJCSI 5120.02) 167
Joint Doctrine Planning Conference
Joint Doctrine Planning Conference (JP 1-02)
A forum convened by the Joint Staff J-7 that meets semiannually to address and vote on project proposals; discuss key joint doctrinal and operational issues; discuss potential changes to the joint doctrine development process; keep up to date on the status of the joint publication projects and emerging publications; and keep abreast of other initiatives of interest to the members. (CJCSM 5120.01)
joint document exploitation center
joint document exploitation center (JP 1-02)
An element, normally subordinate to the intelligence directorate of a joint staff, responsible for deriving intelligence information from captured adversary documents including all forms of electronic data and other forms of stored textual and graphic information.
joint duty assignment
joint duty assignment (JP 1-02)
An assignment to a designated position in a multi-Service, joint or multinational command or activity that is involved in the integrated employment or support of the land, sea, and air forces of at least two of the three Military Departments. Such involvement includes, but is not limited to, matters relating to national military strategy, joint doctrine and policy, strategic planning, contingency planning, and command and control of combat operations under a unified or specified command.
Joint Duty Assignment List
Joint Duty Assignment List (JP 1-02)
Positions designated as joint duty assignments are reflected in a list approved by the Secretary of Defense and maintained by the Joint Staff. The Joint Duty Assignment List is reflected in the Joint Duty Assignment Management Information System.
joint electromagnetic spectrum management operations
joint electromagnetic spectrum management operations (JP 1-02)
Those interrelated functions of frequency management, host nation coordination, and joint spectrum interference resolution that together enable the planning, management, and execution of operations within the electromagnetic operational environment during all phases of military operations.
ammunition controlled supply rate
ammunition controlled supply rate (JP 1-02)
In Army usage, the amount of ammunition estimated to be available to sustain operations of a designated force for a specified time if expenditures are controlled at that rate. It is expressed in terms of rounds per weapon per day for ammunition items fired by weapons, and in terms of units of measure per organization per day for bulk allotment ammunition items. Tactical commanders use this rate to control expenditures of ammunition during tactical operations at planned intervals. It is issued through command channels at each level. It is determined based on consideration of the required supply rates submitted by subordinate commanders and ammunition assets available.
joint electromagnetic spectrum operations
joint electromagnetic spectrum operations (JP 1-02)
Those activities consisting of electronic warfare and joint electromagnetic spectrum management operations used to exploit, attack, protect, and manage the electromagnetic operational environment to achieve the commander’s objectives.
joint engagement zone
joint engagement zone (JP 1-02)
In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which multiple air defense systems (surface-to-air missiles and aircraft) are simultaneously employed to engage air threats.
joint facilities utilization board
joint facilities utilization board (JP 1-02)
A joint board that evaluates and reconciles component requests for real estate, use of existing facilities, inter-Service support, and construction to ensure compliance with Joint Civil-Military Engineering Board priorities.
joint field office
joint field office (JP 1-02)
A temporary multiagency coordination center established at the incident site to provide a central location for coordination of federal, state, local, tribal, nongovernmental, and private-sector organizations with primary responsibility for incident oversight, direction, and/or assistance to effectively coordinate protection, prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery actions.
joint fires
joint fires (JP 1-02)
Fires delivered during the employment of forces from two or more components in coordinated action to produce desired effects in support of a common objective.
joint fires element
joint fires element (JP 1-02)
An optional staff element that provides recommendations to the operations directorate to accomplish fires planning and synchronization.
joint fires observer
joint fires observer (JP 1-02)
A trained Service member who can request, adjust, and control surface-to-surface fires, provide targeting information in support of Type 2 and 3 close air support terminal attack control, and perform autonomous terminal guidance operations.
joint fire support
joint fire support (JP 1-02)
Joint fires that assist air, land, maritime, and special operations forces to move, maneuver, and control territory, populations, airspace, and key waters.
joint flow and analysis system for transportation
joint flow and analysis system for transportation (JP 1-02)
System that determines the transportation feasibility of a course of action or operation plan; provides daily lift assets needed to move forces and resupply; advises logistic planners of channel and port inefficiencies; and interprets shortfalls from various flow possibilities.
joint force
joint force (JP 1-02)
A general term applied to a force composed of significant elements, assigned or attached, of two or more Military Departments operating under a single joint force commander.
ammunition lot
ammunition lot (JP 1-02)
A quantity of homogeneous ammunition, identified by a unique lot number, which is manufactured, assembled, or renovated by one producer under uniform conditions and which is expected to function in a uniform manner.
joint force air component commander
joint force air component commander (JP 1-02)
The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for recommending the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking air forces; planning and coordinating air operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned.
joint force chaplain
joint force chaplain (JP 1-02)
The military chaplain designated by the joint force commander to serve as the senior chaplain for the joint force.
joint force commander
joint force commander (JP 1-02)
A general term applied to a combatant commander, subunified commander, or joint task force commander authorized to exercise combatant command 169 (command authority) or operational control over a joint force.
joint force land component commander
joint force land component commander (JP 1-02)
The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for recommending the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking land forces; planning and coordinating land operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned.
joint force maritime component commander
joint force maritime component commander (JP 1-02)
The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for recommending the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking maritime forces and assets; planning and coordinating maritime operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned.
joint force special operations component commander
joint force special operations component commander (JP 1-02)
The commander within a unified command, subordinate unified command, or joint task force responsible to the establishing commander for recommending the proper employment of assigned, attached, and/or made available for tasking special operations forces and assets; planning and coordinating special operations; or accomplishing such operational missions as may be assigned.
joint force surgeon
joint force surgeon (JP 1-02)
A general term applied to a Department of Defense medical department officer appointed by the joint force commander to serve as the joint force special staff officer responsible for establishing, monitoring, or evaluating joint force health service support.
joint functions
joint functions (JP 1-02)
Related capabilities and activities placed into six basic groups of command and control, intelligence, fires, movement and maneuver, protection, and sustainment to help joint force commanders synchronize, integrate, and direct joint operations.
joint information system
joint information system (JP 1-02)
Integrates incident information and public affairs into a cohesive organization designed to provide consistent, coordinated, timely information during a crisis or incident.
joint integrated prioritized target list
joint integrated prioritized target list (JP 1-02)
A prioritized list of targets approved and maintained by the joint force commander. Targets and priorities are derived from the recommendations of components and other appropriate agencies, in conjunction with their proposed operations supporting the joint force commander’s objectives and guidance.
ammunition supply point
ammunition supply point (JP 1-02)
See distribution point.
joint intelligence
joint intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence produced by elements of more than one Service of the same nation.
joint intelligence architecture
joint intelligence architecture (JP 1-02)
A dynamic, flexible structure that consists of the Defense Joint Intelligence Operations Center, combatant command joint intelligence operations centers, and subordinate joint task force intelligence operations centers or joint intelligence support elements. This architecture encompasses automated data processing equipment capabilities, communications and information requirements, and responsibilities to provide national, theater, and tactical commanders with the full range of intelligence required for planning and conducting operations.
joint intelligence operations center
joint intelligence operations center (JP 1-02)
An interdependent, operational intelligence organization at the Department of Defense, combatant command, or joint task force (if established) level, that is integrated with national intelligence centers, and capable of accessing all sources of intelligence impacting military operations planning, execution, and assessment.
joint intelligence preparation of the operational environment
joint intelligence preparation of the operational environment (JP 1-02)
The analytical process used by joint intelligence organizations to produce intelligence estimates and other intelligence products in support of the joint force commander’s decision-making process. It is a continuous process that includes defining the operational environment; describing the impact of the operational environment; evaluating the adversary; and determining adversary courses of action.
joint intelligence support element
joint intelligence support element (JP 1-02)
A subordinate joint force element whose focus is on intelligence support for joint operations, providing the joint force commander, joint staff, and components with the complete air, space, ground, and maritime adversary situation.
joint interagency coordination group
joint interagency coordination group (JP 1-02)
A staff group that establishes regular, timely, and collaborative working relationships between civilian and military operational planners.
joint interface control officer
joint interface control officer (JP 1-02)
The senior interface control officer for multi-tactical data link networks in the joint force who is responsible for development and validation of the architecture, joint interoperability and management of the multi-tactical data link networks, and overseeing operations of a joint interface control cell.
joint interrogation and debriefing center
joint interrogation and debriefing center (JP 1-02)
Physical location for the exploitation of intelligence information from detainees and other sources.
joint interrogation operations
joint interrogation operations (JP 1-02)
joint land operations
joint land operations (JP 1-02)
Land operations performed across the range of military operations with land forces made available by Service components in support of the joint force commander’s operation or campaign objectives, or in support of other components of the joint force.
amphibian
amphibian (JP 1-02)
A small craft, propelled by propellers and wheels or by air cushions for the purpose of moving on both land and water.
joint land operations plan
joint land operations plan (JP 1-02)
A plan for a connected series of joint land operations to achieve the joint force commander’s objectives within a given time and operational area.
joint logistics
joint logistics (JP 1-02)
The coordinated use, synchronization, and sharing of two or more Military Departments’ logistic resources to support the joint force.
Joint Logistics Operations Center
Joint Logistics Operations Center (JP 1-02)
The Joint Logistics Operations Center is the current operations division within the Logistics Directorate of the Joint Staff. It monitors crisis, exercises, and interagency actions. It also works acquisition and cross-servicing agreements as well as international logistics. The Joint Logistics Operations Center reviews deployment orders produced by the Operations Directorate of the Joint Staff for logistic issues and ensures the correct airlift priority code is assigned.
joint logistics over-the-shore commander
joint logistics over-the-shore commander (JP 1-02)
The joint logistics over-the-shore (JLOTS) commander is selected by the joint force commander (JFC) and is usually from either the Army or Navy components that are part of the JFC’s task organization. This individual then builds a joint headquarters from personnel and equipment in theater to organize the efforts of all elements participating in accomplishing the JLOTS mission having either wet or dry cargo or both. JLOTS commanders will usually integrate members from each participating organization to balance the overall knowledge base in their headquarters.
joint logistics over-the-shore operations
joint logistics over-the-shore operations (JP 1-02)
Operations in which Navy and Army logistics over-the-shore forces conduct logistics over-the-shore operations together under a joint force commander.
joint manpower program
joint manpower program (JP 1-02)
The policy, processes, and systems used in determination and prioritization within and among joint Service manpower requirements.
joint meteorological and oceanographic coordination cell
joint meteorological and oceanographic coordination cell (JP 1-02)
A subset of a joint meteorological and oceanographic coordination organization which is delegated the 172 responsibility of executing the coordination of meteorological and oceanographic support operations in the operational area.
joint meteorological and oceanographic coordination organization
joint meteorological and oceanographic coordination organization (JP 1-02)
A Service meteorological and oceanographic organization which is designated within the operations order as the lead organization responsible for coordinating meteorological and oceanographic operations support in the operational area.
joint meteorological and oceanographic officer
joint meteorological and oceanographic officer (JP 1-02)
Officer designated to provide direct meteorological and oceanographic support to a joint force commander.
joint military information support task force
joint military information support task force (JP 1-02)
A military information support operations task force composed of headquarters and operational assets that assists the joint force commander in developing strategic, operational, and tactical military information support operation plans for a theater campaign or other operations.
amphibious assault
amphibious assault (JP 1-02)
The principal type of amphibious operation that involves establishing a force on a hostile or potentially hostile shore.
joint mission-essential task
joint mission-essential task (JP 1-02)
A mission task selected by a joint force commander deemed essential to mission accomplishment and defined using the common language of the universal joint task list in terms of task, condition, and standard.
joint mortuary affairs office
joint mortuary affairs office (JP 1-02)
Plans and executes all mortuary affairs programs within a theater. Provides guidance to facilitate the conduct of all mortuary programs and to maintain data (as required) pertaining to recovery, identification, and disposition of all US dead and missing in the assigned theater. Serves as the central clearing point for all mortuary affairs and monitors the deceased and missing personal effects program.
joint movement center
joint movement center (JP 1-02)
The center established to coordinate the employment of all means of transportation (including that provided by allies or host nations) to support the concept of operations. This coordination is accomplished through establishment of transportation policies within the assigned operational area, consistent with relative urgency of need, port and terminal capabilities, transportation asset availability, and priorities set by a joint force commander.
joint network operations control center
joint network operations control center (JP 1-02)
An element of the J-6 established to support a joint force commander. The joint network operations control center serves as the single control agency for the management and direction of the joint force communications systems. The joint network operations control center may include plans and operations, 173 administration, system control, and frequency management sections. JNCC.
joint operation planning
joint operation planning (JP 1-02)
Planning activities associated with joint military operations by combatant commanders and their subordinate joint force commanders in response to contingencies and crises.
Joint Operation Planning and Execution System
Joint Operation Planning and Execution System (JP 1-02)
An Adaptive Planning and Execution system technology.
joint operation planning process
joint operation planning process (JP 1-02)
An orderly, analytical process that consists of a logical set of steps to analyze a mission, select the best course of action, and produce a joint operation plan or order.
joint operations
joint operations (JP 1-02)
A general term to describe military actions conducted by joint forces and those Service forces employed in specified command relationships with each other, which of themselves, do not establish joint forces.
joint operations area
joint operations area (JP 1-02)
An area of land, sea, and airspace, defined by a geographic combatant commander or subordinate unified commander, in which a joint force commander (normally a joint task force commander) conducts military operations to accomplish a specific mission.
joint operations area forecast
joint operations area forecast (JP 1-02)
The official baseline meteorological and oceanographic forecast for operational planning and mission execution within the joint operations area.
amphibious assault ship (general purpose)
amphibious assault ship (general purpose) (JP 1-02)
A naval ship designed to embark, deploy, and land elements of a landing force in an assault by helicopters, landing craft, amphibious vehicles, and by combinations of these methods.
joint operations center
joint operations center (JP 1-02)
A jointly manned facility of a joint force commander’s headquarters established for planning, monitoring, and guiding the execution of the commander’s decisions.
joint patient movement requirements center
joint patient movement requirements center (JP 1-02)
A joint activity established to coordinate the joint patient movement requirements function for a joint task force operating within a unified command area of responsibility. It coordinates with the theater patient movement requirements center for intratheater patient movement and the Global Patient Movement Requirements Center for intertheater patient movement.
joint patient movement team
joint patient movement team (JP 1-02)
Teams comprised of personnel trained in medical regulating and movement procedures. These teams can supplement a global, theater, or joint patient movement requirements center staff. Joint patient movement teams are 174 under the operational control of the Global Patient Movement Requirements Center until attached to a theater/joint patient movement requirements center or forward element supporting the respective joint operation or Federal Emergency Management Agency contingency.
joint personnel accountability reconciliation and reporting
joint personnel accountability reconciliation and reporting (JP 1-02)
A data repository developed and implemented by the Defense Manpower Data Center that consumes and reconciles data from existing Service deployment systems.
joint personnel reception center
joint personnel reception center (JP 1-02)
A center established in an operational area by the appropriate joint force commander with the responsibility for the in-processing and outprocessing of personnel upon their arrival in and departure from the theater.
joint personnel recovery center
joint personnel recovery center (JP 1-02)
The primary joint force organization responsible for planning and coordinating personnel recovery for military operations within the assigned operational area.
joint personnel recovery support product
joint personnel recovery support product (JP 1-02)
The basic reference document for personnel recovery-specific information on a particular country or region of interest.
joint personnel training and tracking activity
joint personnel training and tracking activity (JP 1-02)
The continental United States center established to facilitate the reception, accountability, processing, training, and onward movement of individual augmentees preparing for overseas movement to support a joint military operation.
joint planning and execution community
joint planning and execution community (JP 1-02)
Those headquarters, commands, and agencies involved in the training, preparation, mobilization, deployment, employment, support, sustainment, redeployment, and demobilization of military forces assigned or committed to a joint operation.
joint planning group
joint planning group (JP 1-02)
A planning organization consisting of designated representatives of the joint force headquarters principal and special staff sections, joint force components (Service and/or functional), and other supporting organizations or agencies as deemed necessary by the joint force commander.
amphibious assault ship (multipurpose)
amphibious assault ship (multipurpose) (JP 1-02)
joint proponent
joint proponent (JP 1-02)
A Service, combatant command, or Joint Staff directorate assigned coordinating authority to lead the collaborative development and integration of joint capability with specific responsibilities designated by the Secretary of Defense. (SecDef Memo 03748-09) 175
Joint Public Affairs Support Element
Joint Public Affairs Support Element (JP 1-02)
A deployable unit assigned to assist a joint force commander in developing and training public affairs forces in joint, interagency, and multinational environments.
joint publication
joint publication (JP 1-02)
A compilation of agreed to fundamental principles, considerations, and guidance on a particular topic, approved by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff that guides the employment of a joint force toward a common objective. (CJCSI 5120.02)
joint reception complex
joint reception complex (JP 1-02)
The group of nodes (air and/or sea) designated by the supported combatant command, in coordination with the host nation and United States Transportation Command, that receives, processes, services, supports, and facilitates onward movement of personnel, equipment, materiel, and units deploying into, out of, or within a theater line of communications.
joint reception coordination center
joint reception coordination center (JP 1-02)
The organization, established by the Department of the Army as the designated Department of Defense executive agent for the repatriation of noncombatants, that ensures Department of Defense personnel and noncombatants receive adequate assistance and support for an orderly and expedient debarkation, movement to final destination in the United States, and appropriate follow-on assistance at the final destination.
joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration
joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration (JP 1-02)
A phase of joint force projection occurring in the operational area. This phase comprises the essential processes required to transition arriving personnel, equipment, and materiel into forces capable of meeting operational requirements.
joint restricted frequency list
joint restricted frequency list (JP 1-02)
A time and geographically oriented listing of TABOO, PROTECTED, and GUARDED functions, nets, and frequencies and limited to the minimum number of frequencies necessary for friendly forces to accomplish objectives.
joint security area
joint security area (JP 1-02)
A specific surface area, designated by the joint force commander to facilitate protection of joint bases and their connecting lines of communications that support joint operations.
joint security coordination center
joint security coordination center (JP 1-02)
A joint operations center tailored to assist the joint security coordinator in meeting the security requirements in the joint operational area.
joint security coordinator
joint security coordinator (JP 1-02)
The officer with responsibility for coordinating the overall security of the operational area in accordance with joint force commander directives and priorities.
active duty for training
active duty for training (JP 1-02)
A tour of active duty which is used for training members of the Reserve Components to provide trained units and qualified persons to fill the needs of the Armed Forces in time of war or national emergency and such other times as the national security requires. The member is under orders that provide for return to nonactive status when the period of active duty for training is completed. This includes annual training, special tours of active duty for training, school tours, and the initial duty for training performed by nonprior service enlistees.
amphibious aviation assault ship
amphibious aviation assault ship (JP 1-02)
An amphibious assault ship, landing platform helicopter; general purpose amphibious assault ship; or general purpose amphibious assault ship (with internal dock).
joint servicing
joint servicing (JP 1-02)
That function performed by a jointly staffed and financed activity in support of two or more Services.
joint special operations air component commander
joint special operations air component commander (JP 1-02)
The commander within a joint force special operations command responsible for planning and executing joint special operations air activities.
joint special operations area
joint special operations area (JP 1-02)
An area of land, sea, and airspace assigned by a joint force commander to the commander of a joint special operations force to conduct special operations activities.
joint special operations task force
joint special operations task force (JP 1-02)
A joint task force composed of special operations units from more than one Service, formed to carry out a specific special operation or prosecute special operations in support of a theater campaign or other operations.
joint staff
joint staff (JP 1-02)
Joint Staff doctrine sponsor
Joint Staff doctrine sponsor (JP 1-02)
A Joint Staff directorate assigned to coordinate a specific joint doctrine project with the Joint Staff. (CJCSM 5120.01)
Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan
Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan (JP 1-02)
A plan that provides guidance to the combatant commanders and the Joint Chiefs of Staff to accomplish tasks and missions based on current military capabilities.
joint strategic exploitation center
joint strategic exploitation center (JP 1-02)
Theater-level physical location for an exploitation facility that functions under the direction of the joint force commander and is used to hold detainees with potential long-term strategic intelligence value, deemed to be of interest to counterintelligence or criminal investigators, or who may be a significant threat to the United States, its citizens or interests, or US allies.
Joint Strategic Planning System
Joint Strategic Planning System (JP 1-02)
One of the primary means by which the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, in consultation with the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the combatant commanders, carries out the statutory responsibilities to assist the President and Secretary of Defense in providing strategic direction to the Armed Forces.
joint table of distribution
joint table of distribution (JP 1-02)
A manpower document that identifies the positions and enumerates the spaces that have been approved for each organizational element of a joint activity for a specific fiscal year (authorization year), and those accepted for the four subsequent fiscal years (program years).
amphibious breaching
amphibious breaching (JP 1-02)
The conduct of a deliberate breaching operation specifically designed to overcome antilanding defenses in order to conduct an amphibious assault.
joint targeting coordination board
joint targeting coordination board (JP 1-02)
A group formed by the joint force commander to accomplish broad targeting oversight functions that may include but are not limited to coordinating targeting information, providing targeting guidance and priorities, and refining the joint integrated prioritized target list. The board is normally comprised of representatives from the joint force staff, all components, and if required, component subordinate units.
joint targeting steering group
joint targeting steering group (JP 1-02)
A group formed by a combatant commander to assist in developing targeting guidance and reconciling competing requests for assets from multiple joint task forces.
joint target list
joint target list (JP 1-02)
A consolidated list of selected targets, upon which there are no restrictions placed, considered to have military significance in the joint force commander’s operational area.
joint task force
joint task force (JP 1-02)
A joint force that is constituted and so designated by the Secretary of Defense, a combatant commander, a subunified commander, or an existing joint task force commander.
Joint Task Force-Civil Support
Joint Task Force-Civil Support (JP 1-02)
A standing joint task force established to plan and integrate Department of Defense support to the designated lead federal agency for domestic chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives consequence management operations.
Joint Technical Coordinating Group for Munitions Effectiveness
Joint Technical Coordinating Group for Munitions Effectiveness (JP 1-02)
A Joint Staff-level organization tasked to produce generic target vulnerability and weaponeering studies. The special operations working group is a subordinate organization specializing in studies for special operations.
joint terminal attack controller
joint terminal attack controller (JP 1-02)
A qualified (certified) Service member who, from a forward position, directs the action of combat aircraft engaged in close air support and other offensive air operations. A qualified and current joint terminal attack controller 178 will be recognized across the Department of Defense as capable and authorized to perform terminal attack control.
joint test publication
joint test publication (JP 1-02)
A proposed publication produced for field-testing an emergent concept that has been validated through the Joint Experimentation Program or a similar joint process. (CJCSM 5120.01)
joint total asset visibility
joint total asset visibility (JP 1-02)
The capability designed to consolidate source data from a variety of joint and Service automated information systems to provide joint force commanders with visibility over assets in-storage, in-process, and in-transit.
Joint Transportation Board
Joint Transportation Board (JP 1-02)
Responsible to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Joint Transportation Board assures that common-user transportation resources assigned or available to the Department of Defense are allocated as to achieve maximum benefit in meeting Department of Defense objectives.
amphibious bulk liquid transfer system
amphibious bulk liquid transfer system (JP 1-02)
Hosereel system providing capability to deliver fuel and/or water from ship to shore. System includes 10,000 feet of 6" buoyant hose for fuel, and 10,000 ft of 4" buoyant hose for water. System are deployed on Maritime Pre-positioning Ships Squadrons, and are normally used in direct support of maritime pre-positioning force operations.
joint urban operations
joint urban operations (JP 1-02)
Joint operations across the range of military operations planned and conducted on, or against objectives on a topographical complex and its adjacent natural terrain, where man-made construction or the density of population are the dominant features.
Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System
Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System (JP 1-02)
The sensitive, compartmented information portion of the Defense Information Systems Network. It incorporates advanced networking technologies that permit point-to-point or multipoint information exchange involving voice, text, graphics, data, and video teleconferencing.
judge advocate
judge advocate (JP 1-02)
An officer of the Judge Advocate General’s Corps of the Army, Air Force, Marine Corps, Navy, and the United States Coast Guard who is designated as a judge advocate.
jumpmaster
jumpmaster (JP 1-02)
The assigned airborne qualified individual who controls paratroops from the time they enter the aircraft until they exit.
key doctrine element
key doctrine element (JP 1-02)
A foundational core concept, principle, or idea of joint operations as established in approved joint doctrine text; other information in joint doctrine expands on or supports these foundational doctrine elements. (CJCSM 5120.01)
key employee
key employee (JP 1-02)
Any Reservist identified by his or her employer, private or public, as filling a key position.
key facilities list
key facilities list (JP 1-02)
A register of selected command installations and industrial facilities of primary importance to the support of military operations or military production programs. It is prepared under the policy direction of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
key position
key position (JP 1-02)
A civilian position, public or private (designated by the employer and approved by the Secretary concerned), that cannot be vacated during war or national emergency.
keystone publications
keystone publications (JP 1-02)
Joint doctrine publications that establish the doctrinal foundation for a series of joint publications in the hierarchy of joint publications. (CJCSM 5120.01)
key terrain
key terrain (JP 1-02)
Any locality, or area, the seizure or retention of which affords a marked advantage to either combatant.
amphibious construction battalion
amphibious construction battalion (JP 1-02)
A permanently commissioned naval unit, subordinate to the commander, naval beach group, designed to provide an administrative unit from which personnel and equipment are formed in tactical elements and made available to appropriate commanders to operate pontoon causeways, transfer barges, warping tugs, and assault bulk fuel systems, and to meet salvage requirements of the naval beach party.
kill box
kill box (JP 1-02)
A three-dimensional area used to facilitate the integration of joint fires.
killed in action
killed in action (JP 1-02)
A casualty category applicable to a hostile casualty, other than the victim of a terrorist activity, who is killed outright or who dies as a result of wounds or other injuries before reaching a medical treatment facility. 181 Intentionally Blank 182
land control operations
land control operations (JP 1-02)
The employment of land forces, supported by maritime and air forces (as appropriate) to control vital areas of the land domain. Such operations are conducted to establish local military superiority in land operational areas.
land forces
land forces (JP 1-02)
Personnel, weapon systems, vehicles, and support elements operating on land to accomplish assigned missions and tasks.
landing aid
landing aid (JP 1-02)
Any illuminating light, radio beacon, radar device, communicating device, or any system of such devices for aiding aircraft in an approach and landing.
landing area
landing area (JP 1-02)
landing area diagram
landing area diagram (JP 1-02)
A graphic means of showing, for amphibious operations, the beach designations, boat lanes, organization of the line of departure, scheduled waves, landing ship area, transport areas, and the fire support areas in the immediate vicinity of the boat lanes.
landing beach
landing beach (JP 1-02)
That portion of a shoreline usually required for the landing of a battalion landing team. However, it may also be that portion of a shoreline constituting a tactical locality (such as the shore of a bay) over which a force larger or smaller than a battalion landing team may be landed.
landing craft
landing craft (JP 1-02)
A craft employed in amphibious operations, specifically designed for carrying troops and their equipment and for beaching, unloading, and retracting. It is also used for resupply operations.
landing craft and amphibious vehicle assignment table
landing craft and amphibious vehicle assignment table (JP 1-02)
A table showing the assignment of personnel and materiel to each landing craft and amphibious vehicle and the assignment of the landing craft and amphibious vehicles to waves for the ship-toshore movement.
amphibious defense zone
amphibious defense zone (JP 1-02)
The area encompassing the amphibious objective area and the adjoining airspace required by accompanying naval forces for the purpose of air defense.
landing craft availability table
landing craft availability table (JP 1-02)
A tabulation of the type and number of landing craft that will be available from each ship of the transport group. The table is the basis for the assignment of landing craft to the boat groups for the ship-to-shore movement.
landing diagram
landing diagram (JP 1-02)
A graphic means of illustrating the plan for the ship-to-shore movement.
landing force
landing force (JP 1-02)
A Marine Corps or Army task organization formed to conduct amphibious operations. The landing force, together with the amphibious task force and other forces, constitute the amphibious force.
landing force operational reserve material
landing force operational reserve material (JP 1-02)
Package of contingency supplies prepositioned and maintained onboard selected amphibious ships to enhance reaction time and provide support for the embarked landing force in contingencies.
landing force support party
landing force support party (JP 1-02)
A temporary landing force organization composed of Navy and landing force elements, that facilitates the ship-to-shore movement and provides initial combat support and combat service support to the landing force. The landing force support party is brought into existence by a formal activation order issued by the commander, landing force.
landing group
landing group (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, a subordinate task organization of the landing force capable of conducting landing operations, under a single tactical command, against a position or group of positions.
landing group commander
landing group commander (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the officer designated by the commander, landing force as the single tactical commander of a subordinate task organization capable of conducting landing operations against a position or group of positions.
landing plan
landing plan (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, a collective term referring to all individually prepared naval and landing force documents that, taken together, present in detail all instructions for execution of the ship-to-shore movement.
landing sequence table
landing sequence table (JP 1-02)
A document that incorporates the detailed plans for ship-toshore movement of nonscheduled units.
landing ship
landing ship (JP 1-02)
An assault ship which is designed for long sea voyages and for rapid unloading over and on to a beach.
amphibious demonstration
amphibious demonstration (JP 1-02)
A type of amphibious operation conducted for the purpose of deceiving the enemy by a show of force with the expectation of deluding the enemy into a course of action unfavorable to him.
landing signalman enlisted
landing signalman enlisted (JP 1-02)
Enlisted man responsible for ensuring that helicopters, on signal, are safely started, engaged, launched, recovered, and shut down.
landing signals officer
landing signals officer (JP 1-02)
Officer responsible for the visual control of aircraft in the terminal phase of the approach immediately prior to landing.
landing site
landing site (JP 1-02)
landing zone
landing zone (JP 1-02)
Any specified zone used for the landing of aircraft.
large-scale map
large-scale map (JP 1-02)
A map having a scale of 1:75,000 or larger.
laser guided weapon
laser guided weapon (JP 1-02)
A weapon which uses a seeker to detect laser energy reflected from a laser marked/designated target and through signal processing provides guidance commands to a control system which guides the weapon to the point from which the laser energy is being reflected.
laser illuminator
laser illuminator (JP 1-02)
A device for enhancing the illumination in a zone of action by irradiating with a laser beam.
laser intelligence
laser intelligence (JP 1-02)
Technical and geo-location intelligence derived from laser systems; a subcategory of electro-optical intelligence.
laser rangefinder
laser rangefinder (JP 1-02)
A device which uses laser energy for determining the distance from the device to a place or object.
laser seeker
laser seeker (JP 1-02)
A device based on a direction sensitive receiver which detects the energy reflected from a laser designated target and defines the direction of the target relative to the receiver.
amphibious force
amphibious force (JP 1-02)
An amphibious task force and a landing force together with other forces that are trained, organized, and equipped for amphibious operations.
laser spot
laser spot (JP 1-02)
The area on a surface illuminated by a laser.
laser spot tracker
laser spot tracker (JP 1-02)
A device that locks on to the reflected energy from a laser-marked or designated target and defines the direction of the target relative to itself.
laser target designator
laser target designator (JP 1-02)
A device that emits a beam of laser energy which is used to mark a specific place or object.
laser-target line
laser-target line (JP 1-02)
An imaginary straight line from the laser designator to the target with respect to magnetic north.
latest arrival date
latest arrival date (JP 1-02)
A day, relative to C-Day, that is specified by the supported combatant commander as the latest date when a unit, a resupply shipment, or replacement personnel can arrive at the port of debarkation and support the concept of operations.
laundering
laundering (JP 1-02)
In counterdrug operations, the process of transforming drug money into a more manageable form while concealing its illicit origin. Foreign bank accounts and dummy corporations are used as shelters.
law enforcement agency
law enforcement agency (JP 1-02)
Any of a number of agencies (outside the Department of Defense) chartered and empowered to enforce US laws in the following jurisdictions: The United States, a state (or political subdivision) of the United States, a territory (or political subdivision) of the United States, a federally recognized Native American tribe or Alaskan Native Village, or within the borders of a host nation.
law of armed conflict
law of armed conflict (JP 1-02)
See law of war.
law of war
law of war (JP 1-02)
That part of international law that regulates the conduct of armed hostilities.
lay
lay (JP 1-02)
amphibious lift
amphibious lift (JP 1-02)
The total capacity of assault shipping utilized in an amphibious operation, expressed in terms of personnel, vehicles, and measurement or weight tons of supplies.
lead
lead (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, a person with potential for exploitation, warranting additional assessment, contact, and/or development.
lead agency
lead agency (JP 1-02)
The US Government agency designed to coordinate the interagency oversight of the day-to-day conduct of an ongoing operation.
lead agent
lead agent (JP 1-02)
In medical materiel management, the designated unit or organization to coordinate or execute dayto-day conduct of an ongoing operation or function.
lead aircraft
lead aircraft (JP 1-02)
lead federal agency
lead federal agency (JP 1-02)
The federal agency that leads and coordinates the overall federal response to an emergency.
lead nation
lead nation (JP 1-02)
One nation assumes the responsibility for procuring and providing a broad spectrum of logistic support for all or a part of the multinational force and/or headquarters. Compensation and/or reimbursement will then be subject to agreements between the parties involved. The lead nation may also assume the responsibility to coordinate logistics of the other nations within its functional and regional area of responsibility.
lead Service or agency for common-user logistics
lead Service or agency for common-user logistics (JP 1-02)
A Service component or Department of Defense agency that is responsible for execution of common-user item or service support in a specific combatant command or multinational operation as defined in the combatant or subordinate joint force commander’s operation plan, operation order, and/or directives.
letter of assist
letter of assist (JP 1-02)
A contractual document issued by the United Nations to a government authorizing it to provide goods or services to a peacekeeping operation.
letter of authorization
letter of authorization (JP 1-02)
A document issued by the procuring contracting officer or designee that authorizes contractor personnel authorized to accompany the force to travel to, from, and within the operational area; and, outlines government furnished support authorizations within the operational area.
letter of offer and acceptance
letter of offer and acceptance (JP 1-02)
Standard Department of Defense form on which the US Government documents its offer to transfer to a foreign government or international organization US defense articles and services via foreign military sales pursuant to the Arms Export Control Act.
amphibious objective area
amphibious objective area (JP 1-02)
A geographical area (delineated for command and control purposes in the initiating directive) within which is located the objective(s) to be secured by the amphibious force. This area must be of sufficient size to ensure accomplishment of the amphibious force’s mission and must provide sufficient area for conducting necessary sea, air, and land operations.
level of detail
level of detail (JP 1-02)
Within the current joint planning and execution system, movement characteristics for both personnel and cargo are described at six distinct levels of detail. Levels I, V, and VI describe personnel and Levels I through IV and VI for cargo. Levels I through IV are coded and visible in the Joint Operation Planning and Execution System automated data processing. Levels V and VI are used by Joint Operation Planning and Execution System automated data processing feeder systems. a. level I - personnel: expressed as total number of passengers by unit line number. Cargo: expressed in total short tons, total measurement tons, total square feet, and total thousands of barrels by unit line number. Petroleum, oils, and lubricants is expressed by thousands of barrels by unit line number. b. level II - cargo: expressed by short tons and measurement tons of bulk, oversize, outsize, and non-air transportable cargo by unit line number. Also square feet for vehicles and non self-deployable aircraft and boats by unit line number. c. level III - cargo: detail by cargo category code expressed as short tons and measurement tons as well as square feet associated to that cargo category code for an individual unit line number. d. level IV - cargo: detail for individual dimensional data expressed in length, width, and height in number of inches, and weight/volume in short tons/measurement tons, along with a cargo description. Each cargo item is associated with a cargo category code and a unit line number). e. level V - personnel: any general summarization/aggregation of level VI detail in distribution and deployment. f. level VI - personnel: detail expressed by name, Service, military occupational specialty and unique identification number. Cargo: detail expressed by association to a transportation control number or single tracking number or item of equipment to include federal stock number/national stock number and/or requisition number. Nested cargo, cargo that is contained within another 187 equipment item, may similarly be identified. (CJCSM 3122.01A)
leverage
leverage (JP 1-02)
In the context of joint operation planning, a relative advantage in combat power and/or other circumstances against the adversary across one or more domains or the information environment sufficient to exploit that advantage.
L-hour
L-hour (JP 1-02)
The specific hour on C-day at which a deployment operation commences or is to commence.
liaison
liaison (JP 1-02)
That contact or intercommunication maintained between elements of military forces or other agencies to ensure mutual understanding and unity of purpose and action.
life cycle
life cycle (JP 1-02)
The total phases through which an item passes from the time it is initially developed until the time it is either consumed in use or disposed of as being excess to all known materiel requirements.
lighterage
lighterage (JP 1-02)
The process in which small craft are used to transport cargo or personnel from ship to shore. Lighterage may be performed using amphibians, landing craft, discharge lighters, causeways, and barges.
lightweight amphibious container handler
lightweight amphibious container handler (JP 1-02)
A United States Marine Corps piece of equipment usually maneuvered by a bulldozer and used to retrieve 20-foot equivalent containers from landing craft in the surf and place them on flatbed truck trailers.
limiting factor
limiting factor (JP 1-02)
A factor or condition that, either temporarily or permanently, impedes mission accomplishment.
line of communications
line of communications (JP 1-02)
A route, either land, water, and/or air, that connects an operating military force with a base of operations and along which supplies and military forces move.
line of demarcation
line of demarcation (JP 1-02)
A line defining the boundary of a buffer zone or area of limitation. A line of demarcation may also be used to define the forward limits of disputing or belligerent forces after each phase of disengagement or withdrawal has been completed.
amphibious operation
amphibious operation (JP 1-02)
A military operation launched from the sea by an amphibious force, embarked in ships or craft with the primary purpose of introducing a landing force ashore to accomplish the assigned mission.
line of departure
line of departure (JP 1-02)
1. In land warfare, a line designated to coordinate the departure of attack elements.
line of effort
line of effort (JP 1-02)
In the context of joint operation planning, using the purpose (cause and effect) to focus efforts toward establishing operational and strategic conditions by linking multiple tasks and missions.
line of operation
line of operation (JP 1-02)
A line that defines the interior or exterior orientation of the force in relation to the enemy or that connects actions on nodes and/or decisive points related in time and space to an objective(s).
link
link (JP 1-02)
link encryption
link encryption (JP 1-02)
The application of online crypto-operation to a link of a communications system so that all information passing over the link is encrypted in its entirety.
listening watch
listening watch (JP 1-02)
A continuous receiver watch established for the reception of traffic addressed to, or of interest to, the unit maintaining the watch, with complete log optional.
litter
litter (JP 1-02)
A basket or frame utilized for the transport of injured persons.
litter patient
litter patient (JP 1-02)
A patient requiring litter accommodations while in transit.
littoral
littoral (JP 1-02)
The littoral comprises two segments of operational environment: 1. Seaward: the area from the open ocean to the shore, which must be controlled to support operations ashore. 2. Landward: the area inland from the shore that can be supported and defended directly from the sea.
loading plan
loading plan (JP 1-02)
All of the individually prepared documents which, taken together, present in detail all instructions for the arrangement of personnel, and the loading of equipment for one or more units or other special grouping of personnel or material moving by highway, water, rail, or air transportation.
Active Guard and Reserve
Active Guard and Reserve (JP 1-02)
National Guard and Reserve members who are on voluntary active duty providing full-time support to National Guard, Reserve, and Active Component organizations for the purpose of organizing, administering, recruiting, instructing, or training the Reserve Components. (CJCSM 3150.13)
amphibious planning
amphibious planning (JP 1-02)
The process of planning for an amphibious operation, distinguished by the necessity for concurrent, parallel, and detailed planning by all participating forces. The planning pattern is cyclical in nature, composed of a series of analyses and judgments of operational situations, each stemming from those that have preceded.
loadmaster
loadmaster (JP 1-02)
An Air Force technician qualified to plan loads, to operate auxiliary materials handling equipment, and to supervise loading and unloading of aircraft.
load signal
load signal (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, a visual signal displayed in a covert manner to indicate the presence of an individual or object at a given location.
local procurement
local procurement (JP 1-02)
The process of obtaining personnel, services, supplies, and equipment from local or indigenous sources. 189
local purchase
local purchase (JP 1-02)
The function of acquiring a decentralized item of supply from sources outside the Department of Defense.
locate
locate (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, the task where actions are taken to precisely find and authenticate the identity of isolated personnel.
lodgment
lodgment (JP 1-02)
A designated area in a hostile or potentially hostile operational area that, when seized and held, makes the continuous landing of troops and materiel possible and provides maneuver space for subsequent operations.
lodgment area
lodgment area (JP 1-02)
See airhead, Part 1; beachhead.
loft bombing
loft bombing (JP 1-02)
A method of bombing in which the delivery plane approaches the target at a very low altitude, makes a definite pullup at a given point, releases the bomb at a predetermined point during the pullup, and tosses the bomb onto the target.
logistic assessment
logistic assessment (JP 1-02)
An evaluation of: a. the logistic support required to support particular military operations in a theater, country, or area; and b. the actual and/or potential logistic support available for the conduct of military operations either within the theater, country, or area, or located elsewhere.
logistic estimate of the situation
logistic estimate of the situation (JP 1-02)
An appraisal resulting from an orderly examination of the logistic factors influencing contemplated courses of action in order to provide conclusions concerning the degree and manner of that influence.
amphibious raid
amphibious raid (JP 1-02)
A type of amphibious operation involving swift incursion into or temporary occupation of an objective followed by a planned withdrawal.
logistic marking and reading symbology
logistic marking and reading symbology (JP 1-02)
A system designed to improve the flow of cargo through the seaport of embarkation and debarkation using bar code technology.
logistics
logistics (JP 1-02)
Planning and executing the movement and support of forces. It includes those aspects of military operations that deal with: a. design and development, acquisition, storage, movement, distribution, maintenance, evacuation, and disposition of materiel; b. movement, evacuation, and hospitalization of personnel; c. acquisition or construction, maintenance, operation, and disposition of facilities; and d. acquisition or furnishing of services.
logistics over-the-shore operation area
logistics over-the-shore operation area (JP 1-02)
That geographic area required to conduct a logistics over-the-shore operation.
logistics over-the-shore operations
logistics over-the-shore operations (JP 1-02)
The loading and unloading of ships without the benefit of deep draft-capable, fixed port facilities; or as a means of moving forces closer to tactical assembly areas dependent on threat force capabilities.
logistic sourcing
logistic sourcing (JP 1-02)
The identification of the origin and determination of the availability of the time-phased force and deployment data nonunit logistic requirements.
logistic support
logistic support (JP 1-02)
Support that encompasses the logistic services, materiel, and transportation required to support the continental United States-based and worldwide deployed forces.
logistic support (medical)
logistic support (medical) (JP 1-02)
Medical care, treatment, hospitalization, and evacuation as well as the furnishing of medical services, supplies, materiel, and adjuncts thereto.
lot
lot (JP 1-02)
Specifically, a quantity of material all of which was manufactured under identical conditions and assigned an identifying lot number.
low-altitude missile engagement zone
low-altitude missile engagement zone (JP 1-02)
In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with low- to medium-altitude surface-to-air missiles.
low level flight
low level flight (JP 1-02)
See terrain flight.
amphibious shipping
amphibious shipping (JP 1-02)
Organic Navy ships specifically designed to transport, land, and support landing forces in amphibious assault operations and capable of being loaded or unloaded by naval personnel without external assistance in the amphibious objective area.
low-level transit route
low-level transit route (JP 1-02)
A temporary corridor of defined dimensions established in the forward area to minimize the risk to friendly aircraft from friendly air defenses or surface forces.
low velocity drop
low velocity drop (JP 1-02)
A drop procedure in which the drop velocity does not exceed 30 feet per second.
low visibility operations
low visibility operations (JP 1-02)
Sensitive operations wherein the political-military restrictions inherent in covert and clandestine operations are either not necessary or not feasible; actions are taken as required to limit exposure of those involved and/or their activities. Execution of these operations is undertaken with the knowledge that the action and/or sponsorship of the operation may preclude plausible denial by the initiating power.
magnetic mine
magnetic mine (JP 1-02)
A mine that responds to the magnetic field of a target.
mail embargo
mail embargo (JP 1-02)
A temporary shutdown or redirection of mail flow to or from a specific location.
main deck
main deck (JP 1-02)
The highest deck running the full length of a vessel (except for an aircraft carrier’s hanger deck).
main operating base
main operating base (JP 1-02)
A facility outside the United States and US territories with permanently stationed operating forces and robust infrastructure. Main operating bases are characterized by command and control structures, enduring family support facilities, and strengthened force protection measures. (CJCS CM-0007-05)
main operations base
main operations base (JP 1-02)
In special operations, a base established by a joint force special operations component commander or a subordinate special operations component commander in friendly territory to provide sustained command and control, administration, and logistic support to special operations activities in designated areas.
main supply route
main supply route (JP 1-02)
The route or routes designated within an operational area upon which the bulk of traffic flows in support of military operations.
maintenance (materiel)
maintenance (materiel) (JP 1-02)
amphibious squadron
amphibious squadron (JP 1-02)
A tactical and administrative organization composed of amphibious assault shipping to transport troops and their equipment for an amphibious assault operation.
maintenance status
maintenance status (JP 1-02)
major disaster
major disaster (JP 1-02)
See domestic emergencies. 193
major force
major force (JP 1-02)
A military organization comprised of major combat elements and associated combat support, combat service support, and sustainment increments.
major operation
major operation (JP 1-02)
maneuver
maneuver (JP 1-02)
maneuverable reentry vehicle
maneuverable reentry vehicle (JP 1-02)
A reentry vehicle capable of performing preplanned flight maneuvers during the reentry phase.
manpower management
manpower management (JP 1-02)
The means of manpower control to ensure the most efficient and economical use of available manpower.
manpower requirements
manpower requirements (JP 1-02)
Human resources needed to accomplish specified work loads of organizations.
map chart
map chart (JP 1-02)
A representation of a land-sea area, using the characteristics of a map to represent the land area and the characteristics of a chart to represent the sea area, with such special characteristics as to make the map-chart most useful in military operations, particularly amphibious operations.
map sheet
map sheet (JP 1-02)
(*) An individual map or chart either complete in itself or part of a series.
amphibious task force
amphibious task force (JP 1-02)
A Navy task organization formed to conduct amphibious operations. The amphibious task force, together with the landing force and other forces, constitutes the amphibious force.
Marine air command and control system
Marine air command and control system (JP 1-02)
A system that provides the aviation combat element commander with the means to command, coordinate, and control all air operations within an assigned sector and to coordinate air operations with other Services. It is composed of command and control agencies with communicationselectronics equipment that incorporates a capability from manual through semiautomatic control.
Marine Corps special operations forces
Marine Corps special operations forces (JP 1-02)
Those Active Component Marine Corps forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations.
marine environment
marine environment (JP 1-02)
The oceans, seas, bays, estuaries, and other major water bodies, including their surface interface and interaction, with the atmosphere and with the land seaward of the mean high water mark.
Marine expeditionary brigade
Marine expeditionary brigade (JP 1-02)
A Marine air-ground task force that is constructed around a reinforced infantry regiment, a composite Marine aircraft group, and a combat logistics regiment. The Marine expeditionary brigade, commanded by a general officer, is task-organized to meet the requirements of a specific situation. It can function as part of a joint task force, as the lead echelon of the Marine expeditionary force, or alone. It varies in size and composition, and is larger than a Marine expeditionary unit but smaller than a Marine expeditionary force. The Marine expeditionary brigade is capable of conducting missions across the full range of military operations.
Maritime Administration
Maritime Administration (JP 1-02)
The Maritime Administration is the agency within the United States Department of Transportation dealing with waterborne transportation.
Maritime Administration Ready Reserve Force
Maritime Administration Ready Reserve Force (JP 1-02)
The Maritime Administration (MARAD) Ready Reserve Force is composed of 68 surge sealift assets owned and operated by the US Department of Transportation/MARAD and crewed by civilian mariners. In time of contingency or exercises, the ships are placed under the operational command of the Military Sealift Command.
maritime control area
maritime control area (JP 1-02)
An area generally similar to a defensive sea area in purpose except that it may be established any place on the high seas. Maritime control areas are normally established only in time of war.
maritime domain
maritime domain (JP 1-02)
The oceans, seas, bays, estuaries, islands, coastal areas, and the airspace above these, including the littorals.
maritime domain awareness
maritime domain awareness (JP 1-02)
The effective understanding of anything associated with the maritime domain that could impact the security, safety, economy, or environment of a nation.
maritime environment
maritime environment (JP 1-02)
The complex union and interaction between oceans, seas, bays, estuaries, and other major water bodies, with the atmosphere and land seaward of the mean high water mark.
amphibious tractor
amphibious tractor (JP 1-02)
See amphibious vehicle.
maritime forces
maritime forces (JP 1-02)
Forces that operate on, under, or above the sea to gain or exploit command of the sea, sea control, or sea denial and/or to project power from the sea.
maritime interception operations
maritime interception operations (JP 1-02)
Efforts to monitor, query, and board merchant vessels in international waters to enforce sanctions against other nations such as those 195 in support of United Nations Security Council Resolutions and/or prevent the transport of restricted goods.
maritime power projection
maritime power projection (JP 1-02)
Power projection in and from the maritime environment, including a broad spectrum of offensive military operations to destroy enemy forces or logistic support or to prevent enemy forces from approaching within enemy weapons’ range of friendly forces. Maritime power projection may be accomplished by amphibious assault operations, attack of targets ashore, or support of sea control operations.
maritime pre-positioning force operation
maritime pre-positioning force operation (JP 1-02)
A rapid deployment and assembly of a Marine expeditionary force in a secure area using a combination of intertheater airlift and forward-deployed maritime pre-positioning ships.
maritime pre-positioning ships
maritime pre-positioning ships (JP 1-02)
Civilian-crewed, Military Sealift Command-chartered ships that are organized into three squadrons and are usually forward-deployed. These ships are loaded with pre-positioned equipment and 30 days of supplies to support three Marine expeditionary brigades.
Maritime Security Program
Maritime Security Program (JP 1-02)
A program authorized in the Maritime Security Act of 2003 requiring the Secretary of Transportation, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, to establish a fleet of active, commercially viable, militarily useful, privatelyowned vessels to meet national defense and other security requirements.
maritime superiority
maritime superiority (JP 1-02)
That degree of dominance of one force over another that permits the conduct of maritime operations by the former and its related land, maritime, and air forces at a given time and place without prohibitive interference by the opposing force.
maritime supremacy
maritime supremacy (JP 1-02)
That degree of maritime superiority wherein the opposing force is incapable of effective interference.
maritime terminal
maritime terminal (JP 1-02)
A facility for berthing ships simultaneously at piers, quays, and/or working anchorages. Also known as a water terminal.
marking
marking (JP 1-02)
To maintain contact on a target from such a position that the marking unit has an immediate offensive capability.
amphibious transport dock
amphibious transport dock (JP 1-02)
A ship designed to transport and land troops, equipment, and supplies by means of embarked landing craft, amphibious vehicles, and helicopters. Designated as LPD.
marshalling
marshalling (JP 1-02)
marshalling area
marshalling area (JP 1-02)
A location in the vicinity of a reception terminal or pre-positioned equipment storage site where arriving unit personnel, equipment, materiel, and accompanying supplies are reassembled, returned to the control of the unit commander, and prepared for onward movement. The joint complex commander designating the location will coordinate the use of the facilities with other allied commands and the host nation, and will provide life support to the units while in the marshalling area.
mass casualty
mass casualty (JP 1-02)
Any large number of casualties produced in a relatively short period of time, usually as the result of a single incident such as a military aircraft accident, hurricane, flood, earthquake, or armed attack that exceeds local logistic support capabilities. (JP4-02)
massed fire
massed fire (JP 1-02)
master
master (JP 1-02)
The commanding officer of a United States naval ship, a commercial ship, or a government-owned general agency agreement ship operated for the Military Sealift Command by a civilian company to transport Department of Defense cargo.
master air attack plan
master air attack plan (JP 1-02)
A plan that contains key information that forms the foundation of the joint air tasking order. Sometimes referred to as the air employment plan or joint air tasking order shell. Information that may be found in the plan includes joint force commander guidance, joint force air component commander guidance, support plans, component requests, target update requests, availability of capabilities and forces, target information from target lists, aircraft allocation, etc.
materials handling equipment
materials handling equipment (JP 1-02)
Mechanical devices for handling of supplies with greater ease and economy.
materiel
materiel (JP 1-02)
All items (including ships, tanks, self-propelled weapons, aircraft, etc., and related spares, repair parts, and support equipment, but excluding real property, installations, and utilities) necessary to equip, operate, maintain, and support military activities without distinction as to its application for administrative or combat purposes.
materiel control
materiel control (JP 1-02)
materiel inventory objective
materiel inventory objective (JP 1-02)
The quantity of an item required to be on hand and on order on M-day in order to equip, provide a materiel pipeline, and sustain the approved US force structure (active and reserve) and those Allied forces designated for US 197 materiel support, through the period prescribed for war materiel planning purposes. It is the quantity by which the war materiel requirement exceeds the war materiel procurement capability and the war materiel requirement adjustment. It includes the M-day force materiel requirement and the war reserve materiel requirement.
amphibious transport group
amphibious transport group (JP 1-02)
A subdivision of an amphibious task force composed primarily of transport ships. The size of the transport group will depend upon the scope of the operation. Ships of the transport group will be combat-loaded to support the landing force scheme of maneuver ashore. A transport unit will usually be formed to 18 embark troops and equipment to be landed over a designated beach or to embark all helicopter-borne troops and equipment.
materiel management
materiel management (JP 1-02)
materiel planning
materiel planning (JP 1-02)
A subset of logistic planning consisting of a four-step process. a. requirements definition. Requirements for significant items must be calculated at item level detail (i.e., National Stock Number) to support sustainability planning and analysis. Requirements include unit roundout, consumption and attrition replacement, safety stock, and the needs of allies. b. apportionment. Items are apportioned to the combatant commanders based on a global scenario to avoid sourcing of items to multiple theaters. The basis for apportionment is the capability provided by unit stocks, host-nation support, theater pre-positioned war reserve stocks and industrial base, and continental United States Department of Defense stockpiles and available production. Item apportionment cannot exceed total capabilities. c. sourcing. Sourcing is the matching of available capabilities on a given date against item requirements to support sustainability analysis and the identification of locations to support transportation planning. Sourcing of any item is done within the combatant commander’s apportionment. d. documentation. Sourced item requirements and corresponding shortfalls are major inputs to the combatant commander’s sustainability analysis. Sourced item requirements are translated into movement requirements and documented in the Joint Operation Planning and Execution System database for transportation feasibility analysis. Movement requirements for nonsignificant items are estimated in tonnage.
materiel readiness
materiel readiness (JP 1-02)
The availability of materiel required by a military organization to support its wartime activities or contingencies, disaster relief (flood, earthquake, etc.), or other emergencies.
materiel release order
materiel release order (JP 1-02)
An order issued by an accountable supply system manager (usually an inventory control point or accountable depot or stock point) directing a nonaccountable activity (usually a storage site or materiel drop point) within the same supply distribution complex to release and ship materiel.
materiel requirements
materiel requirements (JP 1-02)
Those quantities of items of equipment and supplies necessary to equip, provide a materiel pipeline, and sustain a Service, formation, organization, or unit in the fulfillment of its purposes or tasks during a specified period.
maximum effective range
maximum effective range (JP 1-02)
The maximum distance at which a weapon may be expected to be accurate and achieve the desired effect.
maximum ordinate
maximum ordinate (JP 1-02)
(*) In artillery and naval gunfire support, the height of the highest point in the trajectory of a projectile above the horizontal plane passing through its origin. 198
M-day
M-day (JP 1-02)
See times.
mean point of burst
mean point of burst (JP 1-02)
See mean point of impact.
mean point of impact
mean point of impact (JP 1-02)
(*) The point whose coordinates are the arithmetic means of the coordinates of the separate points of impact/burst of a finite number of projectiles fired or released at the same aiming point under a given set of conditions.
amphibious vehicle
amphibious vehicle (JP 1-02)
A wheeled or tracked vehicle capable of operating on both land and water.
means of transport
means of transport (JP 1-02)
See mode of transport.
measurement and signature intelligence
measurement and signature intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence obtained by quantitative and qualitative analysis of data (metric, angle, spatial, wavelength, time dependence, modulation, plasma, and hydromagnetic) derived from specific technical sensors for the purpose of identifying any distinctive features associated with the emitter or sender, and to facilitate subsequent identification and/or measurement of the same. The detected feature may be either reflected or emitted.
Measurement and Signature Intelligence Requirements System
Measurement and Signature Intelligence Requirements System (JP 1-02)
A system for the management of theater and national measurement and signature intelligence collection requirements, providing automated tools for users in support of submission, review, and validation of measurement and signature intelligence nominations of requirements to be tasked for national and Department of Defense measurement and signature intelligence collection, production, and exploitation resources.
measurement ton
measurement ton (JP 1-02)
The unit of volumetric measurement of equipment associated with surface-delivered cargo equal to the total cubic feet divided by 40.
measure of effectiveness
measure of effectiveness (JP 1-02)
A criterion used to assess changes in system behavior, capability, or operational environment that is tied to measuring the attainment of an end state, achievement of an objective, or creation of an effect.
measure of performance
measure of performance (JP 1-02)
A criterion used to assess friendly actions that is tied to measuring task accomplishment.
mechanical sweep
mechanical sweep (JP 1-02)
In naval mine warfare, any sweep used with the object of physically contacting the mine or its appendages.
media operations center
media operations center (JP 1-02)
A facility established by the joint force commander to serve as the focal point for the interface between the military and the media during the conduct of joint operations.
media pool
media pool (JP 1-02)
A limited number of news media who represent a larger number of news media organizations for purposes of news gathering and sharing of material during a specified activity. Pooling is typically used when news media support resources cannot accommodate a large number of journalists.
medical civil-military operations
medical civil-military operations (JP 1-02)
All military health-related activities in support of a joint force commander that establish, enhance, maintain or influence relations between the joint or multinational force and host nation, multinational governmental and nongovernmental civilian organizations and authorities, and the civilian populace in order to facilitate military operations, achieve US operational objectives, and positively impact the health sector.
amphibious vehicle availability table
amphibious vehicle availability table (JP 1-02)
A tabulation of the type and number of amphibious vehicles available primarily for assault landings and for support of other elements of the operation.
medical contingency file
medical contingency file (JP 1-02)
A web-based database within the Defense Supply Center Philadelphia’s Readiness Management Application that identifies and manages Department of Defense medical contingency materiel requirements.
medical evacuees
medical evacuees (JP 1-02)
Personnel who are wounded, injured, or ill and must be moved to or between medical facilities.
medical intelligence
medical intelligence (JP 1-02)
That category of intelligence resulting from collection, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of foreign medical, bio-scientific, and environmental information that is of interest to strategic planning and to military medical planning and operations for the conservation of the fighting strength of friendly forces and the formation of assessments of foreign medical capabilities in both military and civilian sectors.
medical intelligence preparation of the operational environment
medical intelligence preparation of the operational environment (JP 1-02)
A systematic continuing process that analyzes information on medical and disease threats, enemy capabilities, terrain, weather, local medical infrastructure, potential humanitarian and refugee situations, transportation issues, and political, religious and social issues for all types of operations. Medical intelligence preparation of the operational environment is a component of the health service support mission analysis process, and the resulting statistics serves as a basis for developing health service support estimates and plans. It includes: defining the operational environment, describing the operational environment effects on health service support operations, evaluating the operational environmental threats, and determining courses of action to meet actual and potential threats.
medical protocols
medical protocols (JP 1-02)
Directives issued by competent military authority that delineate the circumstances and limitations under which United States medical forces will initiate medical care and support to those individuals that are not Department of Defense health care beneficiaries or designated eligible for care in a military medical treatment facility by the Secretary of Defense.
medical regulating
medical regulating (JP 1-02)
The actions and coordination necessary to arrange for the movement of patients through the levels of care. This process matches patients with a medical treatment facility that has the necessary health service support capabilities and available bed space.
medical surveillance
medical surveillance (JP 1-02)
The ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of data derived from instances of medical care or medical evaluation, and the reporting of population-based information for characterizing and countering threats to a population’s health, well-being and performance.
medical treatment facility
medical treatment facility (JP 1-02)
A facility established for the purpose of furnishing medical and/or dental care to eligible individuals.
medium-scale map
medium-scale map (JP 1-02)
A map having a scale larger than 1:600,000 and smaller than 1:75,000.
mensuration
mensuration (JP 1-02)
The process of measurement of a feature or location on the earth to determine an absolute latitude, longitude, and elevation. For targeting applications, the errors inherent in both the source for measurement as well as the measurement processes must be understood and reported.
active status
active status (JP 1-02)
Status of all Reserves except those on an inactive status list or in the Retired Reserve. Reservists in an active status may train for points and/or pay and may be considered for promotion.
amphibious vehicle employment plan
amphibious vehicle employment plan (JP 1-02)
A plan showing in tabular form the planned employment of amphibious vehicles in landing operations, including their employment after the initial movement to the beach.
message
message (JP 1-02)
1. Any thought or idea expressed briefly in a plain or secret language and prepared in a form suitable for transmission by any means of communication.
meteorological and oceanographic
meteorological and oceanographic (JP 1-02)
A term used to convey all meteorological, oceanographic, and space environmental factors as provided by Services, support agencies, and other sources. These factors include the whole range of atmospheric (weather) and oceanographic phenomena, from the sub-bottom of the earth’s oceans up to the space environment (space weather).
meteorological and oceanographic data
meteorological and oceanographic data (JP 1-02)
Measurements or observations of meteorological and oceanographic variables.
meteorological and oceanographic environment
meteorological and oceanographic environment (JP 1-02)
The surroundings, which include conditions, resources, and natural phenomena, in and through which the joint force operates. The complete environment extends from the sub-bottom of the Earth’s oceans, through maritime, land areas, airspace, ionosphere, and outward into space.
meteorological and oceanographic operations support community
meteorological and oceanographic operations support community (JP 1-02)
The collective of electronically connected, shore-based meteorological and oceanographic production 201 facilities/centers, theater and/or regional meteorological and oceanographic production activities.
meteorology
meteorology (JP 1-02)
The study dealing with the phenomena of the atmosphere including the physics, chemistry, and dynamics extending to the effects of the atmosphere on the Earth’s surface and the oceans.
midcourse phase
midcourse phase (JP 1-02)
That portion of the flight of a ballistic missile between the boost phase and the terminal phase.
migrant
migrant (JP 1-02)
A person who (1) belongs to a normally migratory culture who may cross national boundaries, or (2) has fled his or her native country for economic reasons rather than fear of political or ethnic persecution.
Military Affiliate Radio System
Military Affiliate Radio System (JP 1-02)
A program conducted by the Departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force in which amateur radio stations and operators participate in and contribute to the mission of providing auxiliary and emergency communications on a local, national, or international basis as an adjunct to normal military communications.
military assistance advisory group
military assistance advisory group (JP 1-02)
A joint Service group, normally under the military command of a commander of a unified command and representing the Secretary of Defense, which primarily administers the US military assistance planning and programming in the host country.
amphibious vehicle launching area
amphibious vehicle launching area (JP 1-02)
An area, in the vicinity of and to seaward of the line of departure, to which landing ships proceed and launch amphibious vehicles.
Military Assistance Program
Military Assistance Program (JP 1-02)
That portion of the US security assistance authorized by the Foreign Assistance Act of l961, as amended, which provides defense articles and services to recipients on a nonreimbursable (grant) basis.
military characteristics
military characteristics (JP 1-02)
Those characteristics of equipment upon which depends its ability to perform desired military functions. Military characteristics include physical and operational characteristics but not technical characteristics.
military civic action
military civic action (JP 1-02)
The use of preponderantly indigenous military forces on projects useful to the local population at all levels in such fields as education, training, public works, agriculture, transportation, communications, health, sanitation, and others contributing to economic and social development, which would also serve to improve the standing of the military forces with the population. (US forces may at times advise or engage in military civic actions in overseas areas.)
military construction
military construction (JP 1-02)
Any construction, alteration, development, conversion, or extension of any kind carried out with respect to a military installation.
military deception
military deception (JP 1-02)
Actions executed to deliberately mislead adversary military, paramilitary, or violent extremist organization decision makers, thereby causing the adversary to take specific actions (or inactions) that will contribute to the accomplishment of the friendly mission.
Military Department
Military Department (JP 1-02)
One of the departments within the Department of Defense created by the National Security Act of 1947, as amended.
military engagement
military engagement (JP 1-02)
Routine contact and interaction between individuals or elements of the Armed Forces of the United States and those of another nation’s armed forces, or foreign and domestic civilian authorities or agencies to build trust and confidence, share information, coordinate mutual activities, and maintain influence.
military geography
military geography (JP 1-02)
The specialized field of geography dealing with natural and manmade physical features that may affect the planning and conduct of military operations.
military government
military government (JP 1-02)
See civil affairs.
military health system
military health system (JP 1-02)
A health system that supports the military mission by fostering, protecting, sustaining, and restoring health. It also provides the direction, resources, health care providers, and other means necessary for promoting the health of the beneficiary population. These include developing and promoting health awareness issues to educate customers, discovering and resolving environmentally based health threats, providing health services, including preventive care and problem intervention, and improving the means and methods for maintaining the health of the beneficiary population, by constantly evaluating the performance of the health care services system.
amphibious withdrawal
amphibious withdrawal (JP 1-02)
A type of amphibious operation involving the extraction of forces by sea in ships or craft from a hostile or potentially hostile shore.
military information support operations
military information support operations (JP 1-02)
Planned operations to convey selected information and indicators to foreign audiences to influence their emotions, motives, objective reasoning, and ultimately the behavior of foreign governments, organizations, groups, and individuals in a manner favorable to the originator’s objectives.
military information support operations impact indicators
military information support operations impact indicators (JP 1-02)
An observable event or a discernible subjectively determined behavioral change that represents an effect of a military information support operations activity on the intended foreign target audience at a particular point in time.
Military Intelligence Board
Military Intelligence Board (JP 1-02)
A decision-making forum which formulates Department of Defense intelligence policy and programming priorities.
military intervention
military intervention (JP 1-02)
The deliberate act of a nation or a group of nations to introduce its military forces into the course of an existing controversy.
military journalist
military journalist (JP 1-02)
A US Service member or Department of Defense civilian employee providing photographic, print, radio, or television command information for military internal audiences.
military occupation
military occupation (JP 1-02)
A condition in which territory is under the effective control of a foreign armed force.
Military Postal Service
Military Postal Service (JP 1-02)
The command, organization, personnel, and facilities established to provide a means for the transmission of mail to and from the Department of Defense, members of the US Armed Forces, and other authorized agencies and individuals.
Military Postal Service Agency
Military Postal Service Agency (JP 1-02)
The single manager operating agency established to manage the Military Postal Service.
military post office
military post office (JP 1-02)
A branch of a designated US-based post office established by US Postal Service authority and operated by one of the Services.
military resources
military resources (JP 1-02)
Military and civilian personnel, facilities, equipment, and supplies under the control of a Department of Defense component.
analysis and production
analysis and production (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, the conversion of processed information into intelligence through the integration, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of all source data and the preparation of intelligence products in support of known or anticipated user requirements.
Military Sealift Command
Military Sealift Command (JP 1-02)
A major command of the United States Navy reporting to Commander Fleet Forces Command, and the United States Transportation Command’s component command responsible for designated common-user sealift transportation services to deploy, employ, sustain, and redeploy United States forces on a global basis.
Military Sealift Command force
Military Sealift Command force (JP 1-02)
Common-user sealift consisting of three subsets: the Naval Fleet Auxiliary Force, common-user ocean transportation, and the special mission support force.
Military Service
Military Service (JP 1-02)
A branch of the Armed Forces of the United States, established by act of Congress, in which persons are appointed, enlisted, or inducted for military service, and which operates and is administered within a military or executive department. The Military Services are: the United States Army, the United States Navy, the United States Air Force, the United States Marine Corps, and the United States Coast Guard.
military source operations
military source operations (JP 1-02)
The collection, from, by and/or via humans, of foreign and military and military-related intelligence.
military specification container
military specification container (JP 1-02)
A container that meets specific written standards.
military standard requisitioning and issue procedure
military standard requisitioning and issue procedure (JP 1-02)
A uniform procedure established by the Department of Defense for use within the Department of Defense to govern requisition and issue of materiel within standardized priorities.
military standard transportation and movement procedures
military standard transportation and movement procedures (JP 1-02)
Uniform and standard transportation data, documentation, and control procedures applicable to all cargo movements in the Department of Defense transportation system.
military technician
military technician (JP 1-02)
A Federal civilian employee providing full-time support to a National Guard, Reserve, or Active Component organization for administration, training, and maintenance of the Selected Reserve. (CJCSM 3150.13)
military training
military training (JP 1-02)
military van (container)
military van (container) (JP 1-02)
Military-owned, demountable container, conforming to US and international standards, operated in a centrally controlled fleet for movement of military cargo.
anchorage
anchorage (JP 1-02)
A specified location for anchoring or mooring a vessel in-stream or offshore.
MILSPEC container
MILSPEC container (JP 1-02)
See military specification container.
MILVAN
MILVAN (JP 1-02)
See military van (container).
mine
mine (JP 1-02)
mine countermeasures
mine countermeasures (JP 1-02)
All methods for preventing or reducing damage or danger from mines.
minefield
minefield (JP 1-02)
minefield record
minefield record (JP 1-02)
A complete written record of all pertinent information concerning a minefield, submitted on a standard form by the officer in charge of the emplacement operations.
minefield report
minefield report (JP 1-02)
An oral, electronic, or written communication concerning mining activities (friendly or enemy) submitted in a standard format by the fastest secure means available.
minehunting
minehunting (JP 1-02)
Employment of sensor and neutralization systems, whether air, surface, or subsurface, to locate and dispose of individual mines in a known field, or to verify the presence or absence of mines in a given area.
minesweeping
minesweeping (JP 1-02)
The technique of clearing mines using either mechanical sweeping to remove, disturb, or otherwise neutralize the mine; explosive sweeping to cause sympathetic detonations, damage, or displace the mine; or influence sweeping to produce either the acoustic or magnetic influence required to detonate the mine.
mine warfare
mine warfare (JP 1-02)
The strategic, operational, and tactical use of mines and mine countermeasures either by emplacing mines to degrade the enemy’s capabilities to wage land, air, and maritime warfare or by countering of enemy-emplaced mines to permit friendly maneuver or use of selected land or sea areas.
annotation
annotation (JP 1-02)
(*) A marking placed on imagery or drawings for explanatory purposes or to indicate items or areas of special importance.
minimize
minimize (JP 1-02)
A condition wherein normal message and telephone traffic is drastically reduced in order that messages connected with an actual or simulated emergency shall not be delayed.
minimum force
minimum force (JP 1-02)
Those minimum actions, including the use of armed force, sufficient to bring a situation under control or to defend against hostile act or hostile intent. All actions must cease as soon as the target complies with instructions or ceases hostile action. The firing of weapons is to be considered as a means of last resort.
minimum range
minimum range (JP 1-02)
minimum-risk route
minimum-risk route (JP 1-02)
A temporary corridor of defined dimensions recommended for use by high-speed, fixed-wing aircraft that presents the minimum known hazards to lowflying aircraft transiting the combat zone.
missile defense
missile defense (JP 1-02)
Defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy missiles, or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such attack.
missile engagement zone
missile engagement zone (JP 1-02)
In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with surface-to-air missile systems.
mission
mission (JP 1-02)
1. The task, together with the purpose, that clearly indicates the action to be taken and the reason therefore.
mission assignment
mission assignment (JP 1-02)
The vehicle used by the Department of Homeland Security/Emergency Preparedness and Response/Federal Emergency Management Agency to support federal operations in a Stafford Act major disaster or emergency declaration that orders immediate, short-term emergency response assistance when an applicable state or local government is overwhelmed by the event and lacks the capability to perform, or contract for, the necessary work.
mission command
mission command (JP 1-02)
The conduct of military operations through decentralized execution based upon mission-type orders.
mission needs statement
mission needs statement (JP 1-02)
A formatted non-system-specific statement containing operational capability needs and written in broad operational terms. (CJCSI 3180.01)
annual screening
annual screening (JP 1-02)
One day of active duty for training required each year for Individual Ready Reserve members so the Services can keep current on each member’s physical condition, dependency status, military qualifications, civilian occupational skills, availability for service, and other information.
mission-oriented protective posture
mission-oriented protective posture (JP 1-02)
A flexible system of protection against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear contamination. This posture requires personnel to wear only that protective clothing and equipment (mission-oriented protective posture gear) appropriate to the threat level, work rate imposed by the mission, temperature, and humidity.
mission-oriented protective posture gear
mission-oriented protective posture gear (JP 1-02)
Military term for individual protective equipment including suit, boots, gloves, mask with hood, first aid treatments, and decontamination kits issued to military members.
mission specific data sets
mission specific data sets (JP 1-02)
Further densification of global geospatial foundation data. Information created to support specific operations, operation plans, training, or system development. Information conforms to established Department of Defense data specifications.
mission statement
mission statement (JP 1-02)
A short sentence or paragraph that describes the organization’s essential task(s), purpose, and action containing the elements of who, what, when, where, and why.
mission type order
mission type order (JP 1-02)
mobile inshore undersea warfare unit
mobile inshore undersea warfare unit (JP 1-02)
A Navy surveillance unit that provides seaward security to joint logistics over-the-shore operations from either a port or harbor complex or unimproved beach sites. The mobile inshore undersea warfare unit is equipped with mobile radar, sonar, and communications equipment located within a mobile van.
mobile mine
mobile mine (JP 1-02)
A mine propelled to its laying position by propulsion equipment, such as a torpedo that sinks at the end of its run placing the mine.
mobile security force
mobile security force (JP 1-02)
A dedicated security force designed to defeat Level I and II threats on a base and/or base cluster.
mobile training team
mobile training team (JP 1-02)
A team consisting of one or more US military or civilian personnel sent on temporary duty, often to a foreign nation, to give instruction. The mission of the team is to train indigenous personnel to operate, maintain, and employ weapons and support systems, or to develop a self-training capability in a particular skill. The Secretary of Defense may direct a team to train either military or civilian indigenous personnel, depending upon host-nation requests.
mobility
mobility (JP 1-02)
A quality or capability of military forces which permits them to move from place to place while retaining the ability to fulfill their primary mission.
annual training
annual training (JP 1-02)
The minimal period of training reserve members must perform each year to satisfy the training requirements associated with their Reserve Component assignment.
mobility air forces
mobility air forces (JP 1-02)
The mobility air forces are comprised of those air components and Service components that are assigned air mobility forces and/or that routinely exercise command authority over their operations.
mobility corridor
mobility corridor (JP 1-02)
Areas where a force will be canalized due to terrain restrictions. They allow military forces to capitalize on the principles of mass and speed and are therefore relatively free of obstacles.
mobilization
mobilization (JP 1-02)
The act of assembling and organizing national resources to support national objectives in time of war or other emergencies.
The process by which the Armed Forces or part of them are brought to a state of readiness for war or other national emergency. This includes activating all or part of the Reserve Component as well as assembling and organizing personnel, supplies, and materiel.
partial mobilization
partial mobilization (JP 1-02)
Expansion of the active Armed Forces resulting from action by Congress (up to full mobilization) or by the President (not more than 1,000,000 for not more than 24 consecutive months) to mobilize Ready Reserve Component units, individual reservists, and the resources needed for their support to meet the requirements of a war or other national emergency involving an external threat to the national security.
Expansion of the active Armed Forces resulting from action by Congress and the President to mobilize all Reserve Component units and individuals in the existing approved force structure, as well as all retired military personnel, and the resources needed for their support to meet the requirements of a war or other national emergency involving an external threat to the national security. Reserve personnel can be placed on active duty for the duration of the emergency plus six months.
total mobilization
total mobilization (JP 1-02)
Expansion of the active Armed Forces resulting from action by Congress and the President to organize and/or generate additional units or personnel beyond the existing force structure, and the resources needed for their support, to meet the total requirements of a war or other national emergency involving an external threat to the national security.
selective mobilization
selective mobilization (JP 1-02)
Expansion of the active Armed Forces resulting from action by Congress and/or the President to mobilize Reserve Component units, Individual Ready Reservists, and the resources needed for their support to meet the requirements of a domestic emergency that is not the result of an enemy attack.
mobilization base
mobilization base (JP 1-02)
The total of all resources available, or that can be made available, to meet foreseeable wartime needs. Such resources include the manpower and materiel resources and services required for the support of essential military, civilian, and survival activities, as well as the elements affecting their state of readiness, such as (but not limited to) the following: manning levels, state of training, modernization of equipment, mobilization materiel reserves and facilities, continuity of government, civil defense plans and preparedness measures, psychological preparedness of the people, international agreements, planning with industry, dispersion, and standby legislation and controls.
mobilization exercise
mobilization exercise (JP 1-02)
An exercise involving, either completely or in part, the implementation of mobilization plans.
mobilization site
mobilization site (JP 1-02)
The designated location where a Reserve Component unit or individual mobilizes or moves after mobilization for further processing, training, and employment. This differs from a mobilization station in that it is not necessarily a military installation.
antemortem data
antemortem data (JP 1-02)
Medical records, samples, and photographs taken prior to death. These include (but are not limited to) fingerprints, dental x-rays, body tissue samples, photographs of tattoos, or other identifying marks. These “pre-death” records would be compared against records completed after death to help establish a positive identification of human remains.
mobilization staff officer
mobilization staff officer (JP 1-02)
The action officer assigned the principle responsibility or additional duties related to Reserve Component mobilization actions.
mobilization station
mobilization station (JP 1-02)
The designated military installation to which a Reserve Component unit or individual is moved for further processing, organizing, equipping, training, and employment and from which the unit or individual may move to an aerial port of embarkation or seaport of embarkation.
mode (identification, friend or foe)
mode (identification, friend or foe) (JP 1-02)
The number or letter referring to the specific pulse spacing of the signals transmitted by an interrogator or transponder used for radar identification of aircraft.
mode of transport
mode of transport (JP 1-02)
One of the various modes used for a movement. For each mode, there are several means of transport. They are: a. inland surface transportation (rail, road, and inland waterway); b. sea transport (coastal and ocean); c. air transportation; and d. pipelines.
Modernized Integrated Database
Modernized Integrated Database (JP 1-02)
The national level repository for the general military intelligence available to the entire Department of Defense Intelligence Information System community and, through Global Command and Control System integrated imagery and intelligence, to tactical units.
modified combined obstacle overlay
modified combined obstacle overlay (JP 1-02)
A joint intelligence preparation of the operational environment product used to portray the militarily significant aspects of the operational environment, such as obstacles restricting military movement, key geography, and military objectives.
moored
moored (JP 1-02)
Lying with both anchors down or tied to a pier, anchor buoy, or mooring buoy.
moored mine
moored mine (JP 1-02)
A contact or influence-operated mine of positive buoyancy held below the surface by a mooring attached to a sinker or anchor on the bottom.
morale, welfare, and recreation
morale, welfare, and recreation (JP 1-02)
The merging of multiple unconnected disciplines into programs which improve unit readiness, promote fitness, build unit morale and cohesion, enhance quality of life, and provide recreational, social, and other support services.
mortar
mortar (JP 1-02)
A muzzle-loading, indirect fire weapon with either a rifled or smooth bore. It usually has a shorter range than a howitzer, employs a higher angle of fire, and has a tube with a length of 10 to 20 calibers.
antideficiency violations
antideficiency violations (JP 1-02)
The incurring of obligations or the making of expenditure (outlays) in violation of appropriation law as to purpose, time, and amounts as specified in the defense appropriation or appropriations of funds.
mortuary affairs
mortuary affairs (JP 1-02)
Provides for the search for, recovery, identification, preparation, and disposition of human remains of persons for whom the Services are responsible by status and executive order.
most capable Service or agency
most capable Service or agency (JP 1-02)
The organization that is best suited to provide common supply commodity or logistic service support within a specific joint operation. In this context, “best suited” could mean the Service or agency that has required or readily 210 available resources and/or expertise. The most capable Service may or may not be the dominant user in any particular operation.
mounting area
mounting area (JP 1-02)
A general locality where assigned forces of an amphibious or airborne operation, with their equipment, are assembled, prepared, and loaded in shipping and/or aircraft preparatory to an assault.
movement control
movement control (JP 1-02)
The planning, routing, scheduling, and control of personnel and cargo movements over lines of communications; includes maintaining in-transit visibility of forces and material through the deployment and/or redeployment process.
movement control team
movement control team (JP 1-02)
An Army team used to decentralize the execution of movement responsibilities on an area basis or at key transportation nodes.
movement data
movement data (JP 1-02)
Those essential elements of information to schedule lift, obtain transportation assets, manage movement of forces, and report in-transit visibility of movements and associated forces (people, equipment, and supplies).
movement group
movement group (JP 1-02)
Those ships and embarked units that load out and proceed to rendezvous in the objective area.
movement phase
movement phase (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the period during which various elements of the amphibious force move from points of embarkation to the operational area. This move may be via rehearsal, staging, or rendezvous areas. The movement phase is completed when the various elements of the amphibious force arrive at their assigned positions in the operational area.
movement plan
movement plan (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the naval plan providing for the movement of the amphibious task force to the objective area. It includes information and instructions concerning departure of ships from embarkation points, the passage at sea, and the approach to and arrival in assigned positions in the objective area.
movement requirement
movement requirement (JP 1-02)
A stated movement mode and time-phased need for the transport of units, personnel, and/or materiel from a specified origin to a specified destination.
activity
activity (JP 1-02)
1. A unit, organization, or installation performing a function or mission. 2. A function, mission, action, or collection of actions.
antiradiation missile
antiradiation missile (JP 1-02)
A missile which homes passively on a radiation source.
movement schedule
movement schedule (JP 1-02)
A schedule developed to monitor or track a separate entity, whether it is a force requirement, cargo or personnel increment, or lift asset. The schedule reflects the assignment of specific lift resources (such as an aircraft or ship) that will be used to move the personnel and cargo included in a specific movement increment. Arrival and departure times at ports of embarkation, etc., are detailed to show a flow and workload at each location. Movement schedules are detailed enough to support plan implementation.
movement table
movement table (JP 1-02)
A table giving detailed instructions or data for a move. When necessary it will be qualified by the words road, rail, sea, air, etc., to signify the type of movement. Normally issued as an annex to a movement order or instruction.
movement to contact
movement to contact (JP 1-02)
A form of the offense designed to develop the situation and to establish or regain contact.
multinational
multinational (JP 1-02)
Between two or more forces or agencies of two or more nations or coalition partners.
multinational doctrine
multinational doctrine (JP 1-02)
Fundamental principles that guide the employment of forces of two or more nations in coordinated action toward a common objective. It is ratified by participating nations.
multinational exercise
multinational exercise (JP 1-02)
An exercise containing one or more non-US participating force(s).
multinational force
multinational force (JP 1-02)
A force composed of military elements of nations who have formed an alliance or coalition for some specific purpose.
multinational force commander
multinational force commander (JP 1-02)
A general term applied to a commander who exercises command authority over a military force composed of elements from two or more nations. The extent of the multinational force commander’s command authority is determined by the participating nations.
multinational integrated logistic support
multinational integrated logistic support (JP 1-02)
Two or more nations agree to provide logistic assets to a multinational force under operational control of a multinational force commander for the logistic support of a multinational force.
multinational integrated logistic support unit
multinational integrated logistic support unit (JP 1-02)
An organization resulting when two or more nations agree to provide logistics assets to a multinational logistic force under the operational control of a multinational commander for the logistic support of a 212 multinational force.
antisubmarine warfare
antisubmarine warfare (JP 1-02)
(*) Operations conducted with the intention of denying the enemy the effective use of submarines.
multinational logistics
multinational logistics (JP 1-02)
Any coordinated logistic activity involving two or more nations supporting a multinational force conducting military operations under the auspices of an alliance or coalition, including those conducted under United Nations mandate. Multinational logistics includes activities involving both logistic units provided by participating nations designated for use by the multinational force commander as well as a variety of multinational logistic support arrangements that may be developed and used by participating forces.
multinational logistic support arrangement
multinational logistic support arrangement (JP 1-02)
Any arrangement involving two or more nations that facilitates the logistic support of a force (either the forces of the countries participating in the arrangement or other countries).
multinational operations
multinational operations (JP 1-02)
A collective term to describe military actions conducted by forces of two or more nations, usually undertaken within the structure of a coalition or alliance.
multinational staff
multinational staff (JP 1-02)
A staff composed of personnel of two or more nations within the structure of a coalition or alliance.
multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle
multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (JP 1-02)
A reentry vehicle carried by a delivery system that can place one or more reentry vehicles over each of several separate targets.
multiple reentry vehicle
multiple reentry vehicle (JP 1-02)
The reentry vehicle of a delivery system that places more than one reentry vehicle over an individual target.
multi-point refueling system
multi-point refueling system (JP 1-02)
A limited number of KC-135 aircraft can be equipped with external wing-mounted pods to conduct drogue air refueling, while still maintaining boom air refueling capability on the same mission. This dual refueling capability makes KC-135s with multi-point refueling systems ideal for use as ground alert aircraft.
multi-Service publication
multi-Service publication (JP 1-02)
A publication containing principles, terms, tactics, techniques, and procedures used and approved by the forces of two or more Services to perform a common military function consistent with approved joint doctrine. (CJCSM 5120.01)
multispectral imagery
multispectral imagery (JP 1-02)
The image of an object obtained simultaneously in a number of discrete spectral bands.
multi-spot ship
multi-spot ship (JP 1-02)
Those ships certified to have two or more adjacent landing areas.
antisubmarine warfare forces
antisubmarine warfare forces (JP 1-02)
Forces organized primarily for antisubmarine action. May be composed of surface ships, aircraft, submarines, or any combination of these, and their supporting systems.
munitions effectiveness assessment
munitions effectiveness assessment (JP 1-02)
Conducted concurrently and interactively with battle damage assessment, the assessment of the military force applied in terms of the weapon system and munitions effectiveness to determine and recommend any required changes to the methodology, tactics, weapon system, munitions, fusing, and/or weapon delivery parameters to increase force effectiveness. Munitions effectiveness assessment is primarily the responsibility of operations with required inputs and coordination from the intelligence community.
mutual support
mutual support (JP 1-02)
That support which units render each other against an enemy, because of their assigned tasks, their position relative to each other and to the enemy, and their inherent capabilities.
named area of interest
named area of interest (JP 1-02)
The geospatial area or systems node or link against which information that will satisfy a specific information requirement can be collected. Named areas of interest are usually selected to capture indications of adversary courses of action, but also may be related to conditions of the operational environment.
napalm
napalm (JP 1-02)
nap-of-the-earth flight
nap-of-the-earth flight (JP 1-02)
narcoterrorism
narcoterrorism (JP 1-02)
Terrorism that is linked to illicit drug trafficking.
National Air Mobility System
National Air Mobility System (JP 1-02)
A broad and comprehensive system of civilian and military capabilities and organizations that provides the President and Secretary of Defense and combatant commanders with rapid global mobility. This system effectively integrates the management of airlift, air refueling, and air mobility support assets, processes, and procedures into an integrated whole.
national capital region
national capital region (JP 1-02)
A geographic area encompassing the District of Columbia and eleven local jurisdictions in the State of Maryland and the Commonwealth of Virginia.
National Communications System
National Communications System (JP 1-02)
The telecommunications system that results from the technical and operational integration of the separate telecommunications systems of the several executive branch departments and agencies having a significant telecommunications capability.
national critical infrastructure and key assets
national critical infrastructure and key assets (JP 1-02)
The infrastructure and assets vital to a nation’s security, governance, public health and safety, economy, and public confidence. They include telecommunications, electrical power systems, gas and oil distribution and storage, water supply systems, banking and finance, transportation, emergency services, industrial assets, information systems, and continuity of government operations.
antiterrorism
antiterrorism (JP 1-02)
Defensive measures used to reduce the vulnerability of individuals and property to terrorist acts, to include rapid containment by local military and civilian forces.
National Defense Reserve Fleet
National Defense Reserve Fleet (JP 1-02)
national defense strategy
national defense strategy (JP 1-02)
A document approved by the Secretary of Defense for applying the Armed Forces of the United States in coordination with Department of Defense agencies and other instruments of national power to achieve national security strategy objectives.
national detainee reporting center
national detainee reporting center (JP 1-02)
National-level center that obtains and stores information concerning enemy prisoners of war, civilian internees, and retained personnel and their confiscated personal property. May be established upon the outbreak of an armed conflict or when persons are captured or detained by U.S. military forces in the course of the full range of military operations. Accounts for all persons who pass through the care, custody, and control of the U.S. Department of Defense.
National Disaster Medical System
National Disaster Medical System (JP 1-02)
A coordinated partnership between Departments of Homeland Security, Health and Human Services, Defense, and Veterans Affairs established for the purpose of responding to the needs of casualties of a public health emergency.
national emergency
national emergency (JP 1-02)
A condition declared by the President or the Congress by virtue of powers previously vested in them that authorize certain emergency actions to be undertaken in the national interest. Action to be taken may include partial, full, or total mobilization of national resources.
National Incident Management System
National Incident Management System (JP 1-02)
A national crisis response system that provides a consistent, nationwide approach for federal, state, local, and tribal governments; the private sector; and nongovernmental organizations to work effectively and efficiently together to prepare for, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents, regardless of cause, size, or complexity.
national information infrastructure
national information infrastructure (JP 1-02)
The nationwide interconnection of communications networks, computers, databases, and consumer electronics that make vast amounts of information available to users. The national information infrastructure encompasses a wide range of equipment, including cameras, scanners, keyboards, facsimile machines, computers, switches, compact disks, video and audio tape, cable, wire, satellites, fiber-optic transmission lines, networks of all types, televisions, monitors, printers, and much more. The friendly and adversary personnel who make decisions and handle the transmitted information constitute a critical component of the national information infrastructure.
national intelligence
national intelligence (JP 1-02)
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national intelligence estimate
national intelligence estimate (JP 1-02)
A strategic estimate of the capabilities, vulnerabilities, and probable courses of action of foreign nations produced at the national level as a composite of the views of the intelligence community.
national intelligence support team
national intelligence support team (JP 1-02)
A nationally sourced team composed of intelligence and communications experts from Defense Intelligence Agency, Central Intelligence Agency, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, National Security Agency, or other intelligence community agencies as required.
anti-vehicle land mine
anti-vehicle land mine (JP 1-02)
A mine designed to immobilize or destroy a vehicle.
national interagency fire center
national interagency fire center (JP 1-02)
A facility located in Boise, Idaho, that is jointly operated by several federal agencies and is dedicated to coordination, logistic support, and improved weather services in support of fire management operations throughout the United States.
National Military Command System
National Military Command System (JP 1-02)
The priority component of the Global Command and Control System designed to support the President, Secretary of Defense and Joint Chiefs of Staff in the exercise of their responsibilities.
National Military Strategy
National Military Strategy (JP 1-02)
A document approved by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for distributing and applying military power to attain national security strategy and national defense strategy objectives.
national operations center
national operations center (JP 1-02)
The primary national hub for domestic incident management operational coordination and situational awareness. A standing 24 hours a day, 7 days a week interagency organization fusing law enforcement, national intelligence, emergency response, and private-sector reporting.
national policy
national policy (JP 1-02)
A broad course of action or statements of guidance adopted by the government at the national level in pursuit of national objectives.
National Reconnaissance Office
National Reconnaissance Office (JP 1-02)
A Department of Defense agency tasked to ensure that the United States has the technology and spaceborne and airborne assets needed to acquire intelligence worldwide, including support to such functions as monitoring of arms control agreements, indications and warning, and the planning and conducting of military operations. This mission is accomplished through research and development, acquisition, and operation of spaceborne and airborne intelligence data collection systems.
national response coordination center
national response coordination center (JP 1-02)
A multiagency center that provides overall federal response and recovery coordination for incidents of national significance and emergency management program implementation. This center is a functional component of the national operations center.
national security
national security (JP 1-02)
A collective term encompassing both national defense and foreign relations of the United States. Specifically, the condition provided by: a. a military or defense advantage over any foreign nation or group of nations; b. a favorable foreign 217 relations position; or c. a defense posture capable of successfully resisting hostile or destructive action from within or without, overt or covert.
National Security Agency/Central Security Service Representative
National Security Agency/Central Security Service Representative (JP 1-02)
The senior theater or military command representative of the Director, National Security Agency/Chief, Central Security Service in a specific country or military command headquarters who provides the Director, National Security Agency, with information on command plans requiring cryptologic support. The National Security Agency/Central Security Service representative serves as a special advisor to the combatant commander for cryptologic matters, to include signals intelligence, communications security, and computer security.
National Security Council
National Security Council (JP 1-02)
A governmental body specifically designed to assist the President in integrating all spheres of national security policy. The President, Vice President, Secretary of State, and Secretary of Defense are statutory members. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; Director, Central Intelligence Agency; and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs serve as advisers.
application
application (JP 1-02)
national security interests
national security interests (JP 1-02)
The foundation for the development of valid national objectives that define US goals or purposes. National security interests include preserving US political identity, framework, and institutions; fostering economic well-being; and bolstering international order supporting the vital interests of the United States and its allies.
National Security Strategy
National Security Strategy (JP 1-02)
A document approved by the President of the United States for developing, applying, and coordinating the instruments of national power to achieve objectives that contribute to national security.
national shipping authority
national shipping authority (JP 1-02)
The organization within each Allied government responsible in time of war for the direction of its own merchant shipping.
national special security event
national special security event (JP 1-02)
A designated event that, by virtue of its political, economic, social, or religious significance, may be the target of terrorism or other criminal activity.
national stock number
national stock number (JP 1-02)
The 13-digit stock number replacing the 11-digit federal stock number. It consists of the 4-digit federal supply classification code and the 9-digit national item identification number. The national item identification number consists of a 2-digit National Codification Bureau number designating the central cataloging office (whether North Atlantic Treaty Organization or other friendly country) that assigned the number and a 7-digit (xxx-xxxx) nonsignificant number. The number shall be arranged as follows: 9999-00-999-9999.
national support element
national support element (JP 1-02)
Any national organization or activity that supports national forces that are a part of a multinational force. Their mission is nation-specific support to units and common support that is retained by the nation.
National System for Geospatial Intelligence
National System for Geospatial Intelligence (JP 1-02)
The combination of technology, policies, capabilities, doctrine, activities, people, data, and communities necessary to produce geospatial intelligence in an integrated, multi-intelligence environment.
nation assistance
nation assistance (JP 1-02)
Assistance rendered to a nation by foreign forces within that nation’s territory based on agreements mutually concluded between nations.
natural disaster
natural disaster (JP 1-02)
An emergency situation posing significant danger to life and property that results from a natural cause.
nautical mile
nautical mile (JP 1-02)
A measure of distance equal to one minute of arc on the Earth’s surface. The United States has adopted the international nautical mile equal to 1,852 meters or 6,076.11549 feet.
apportionment
apportionment (JP 1-02)
In the general sense, distribution of forces and capabilities as the starting point for planning, etc.
naval advanced logistic support site
naval advanced logistic support site (JP 1-02)
An overseas location used as the primary transshipment point in the theater of operations for logistic support. A naval advanced logistic support site possesses full capabilities for storage, consolidation, and transfer of supplies and for support of forward-deployed units (including replacements units) during major contingency and wartime periods. Naval advanced logistic support sites, with port and airfield facilities in close proximity, are located within the theater of operations but not near the main battle areas, and must possess the throughput capacity required to accommodate incoming and outgoing intertheater airlift and sealift. When fully activated, the naval advanced logistic support site should consist of facilities and services provided by the host nation, augmented by support personnel located in the theater of operations, or both.
Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures Standardization manual
Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures Standardization manual (JP 1-02)
Series of general and specific aircraft procedural manuals that govern the operations of naval aircraft.
naval base
naval base (JP 1-02)
A naval base primarily for support of the forces afloat, contiguous to a port or anchorage, consisting of activities or facilities for which the Navy has operating responsibilities, together with interior lines of communications and the minimum surrounding area necessary for local security. (Normally, not greater than an area of 40 square miles.)
naval beach group
naval beach group (JP 1-02)
A permanently organized naval command within an amphibious force composed of a commander and staff, a beachmaster unit, an amphibious construction battalion, and assault craft units, designed to provide an administrative 219 group from which required naval tactical components may be made available to the attack force commander and to the amphibious landing force commander.
naval construction force
naval construction force (JP 1-02)
The combined construction units of the Navy that are part of the operating forces and represent the Navy’s capability for advanced base construction.
naval expeditionary warfare
naval expeditionary warfare (JP 1-02)
Military operations mounted from the sea, usually on short notice, consisting of forward deployed, or rapidly deployable, self-sustaining naval forces tailored to achieve a clearly stated objective.
naval forward logistic site
naval forward logistic site (JP 1-02)
An overseas location, with port and airfield facilities nearby, which provides logistic support to naval forces within the theater of operations during major contingency and wartime periods. Naval forward logistic sites may be located in close proximity to main battle areas to permit forward staging of services, throughput of high priority cargo, advanced maintenance, and battle damage repair. Naval forward logistic sites are linked to in-theater naval advanced logistic support sites by intratheater airlift and sealift, but may also serve as transshipment points for intertheater movement of high-priority cargo into areas of direct combat. In providing fleet logistic support, naval forward logistic site capabilities may range from very austere to near those of a naval advanced logistic support site.
naval gunfire spotting team
naval gunfire spotting team (JP 1-02)
The unit of a shore fire control party that designates targets; controls commencement, cessation, rate, and types of fire; and spots fire on the target.
naval gunfire support
naval gunfire support (JP 1-02)
Fire provided by Navy surface gun systems in support of a unit or units tasked with achieving the commander’s objectives. A subset of naval surface fire support.
naval operation
naval operation (JP 1-02)
approach schedule
approach schedule (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, this schedule indicates, for each scheduled wave, the time of departure from the rendezvous area, from the line of departure, and from other control points and the time of arrival at the beach.
naval special warfare
naval special warfare (JP 1-02)
A naval warfare specialty that conducts special operations with an emphasis on maritime, coastal, and riverine environments using small, flexible, mobile units operating under, on, and from the sea.
naval special warfare forces
naval special warfare forces (JP 1-02)
Those Active and Reserve Component Navy forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations.
naval special warfare group
naval special warfare group (JP 1-02)
A permanent Navy echelon III major command to which most naval special warfare forces are assigned for some operational and all administrative purposes. It consists of a group headquarters with command and control, communications, and support staff; sea-air-land teams; and sea-air-land team delivery vehicle teams.
naval special warfare task element
naval special warfare task element (JP 1-02)
A provisional subordinate element of a naval special warfare task unit, employed to extend the command and control and support capabilities of its parent task unit.
naval special warfare task group
naval special warfare task group (JP 1-02)
A provisional naval special warfare organization that plans, conducts, and supports special operations in support of fleet commanders and joint force special operations component commanders.
naval special warfare task unit
naval special warfare task unit (JP 1-02)
A provisional subordinate unit of a naval special warfare task group.
naval special warfare unit
naval special warfare unit (JP 1-02)
A permanent Navy organization forward based to control and support attached naval special warfare forces.
naval surface fire support
naval surface fire support (JP 1-02)
Fire provided by Navy surface gun and missile systems in support of a unit or units.
Navy cargo-handling battalion
Navy cargo-handling battalion (JP 1-02)
A mobile logistic support unit capable of worldwide deployment in its entirety or in specialized detachments. It is organized, trained, and equipped to: a. load and offload Navy and Marine Corps cargo carried in maritime prepositioning ships and merchant breakbulk or container ships in all environments; b. operate an associated temporary ocean cargo terminal; c. load and offload Navy and Marine Corps cargo carried in military-controlled aircraft; and d. operate an associated expeditionary air cargo terminal.
Navy cargo handling force
Navy cargo handling force (JP 1-02)
The combined cargo handling units of the Navy, including primarily the Navy cargo handling and port group, the Naval Reserve cargo handling training battalion, and the Naval Reserve cargo handling battalion. These units are part of the operating forces and represent the Navy’s capability for open ocean cargo handling.
approach time
approach time (JP 1-02)
The time at which an aircraft is expected to commence approach procedure.
Navy special operations component
Navy special operations component (JP 1-02)
The Navy component of a joint force special operations component.
Navy support element
Navy support element (JP 1-02)
The maritime pre-positioning force element that is composed of naval beach group staff and subordinate unit personnel, a detachment of Navy cargo handling force personnel, and other Navy components, as required. It is tasked with conducting the off-load and ship-to-shore movement of maritime pre-positioned equipment and/or supplies.
Navy tactical air control center
Navy tactical air control center (JP 1-02)
See tactical air control center.
Navy-unique fleet essential aircraft
Navy-unique fleet essential aircraft (JP 1-02)
Combatant commander-controlled airlift assets deemed essential for providing air transportation in support of naval operations’ transportation requirements. This capability is intended to provide a balance and supplement to other airlift assets to ensure the Navy’s ability to respond to emergency and wartime requirements.
N-day
N-day (JP 1-02)
near miss (aircraft)
near miss (aircraft) (JP 1-02)
Any circumstance in flight where the degree of separation between two aircraft is considered by either pilot to have constituted a hazardous situation involving potential risk of collision.
need to know
need to know (JP 1-02)
A criterion used in security procedures that requires the custodians of classified information to establish, prior to disclosure, that the intended recipient must have access to the information to perform his or her official duties.
negation
negation (JP 1-02)
Measures to deceive, disrupt, deny, degrade, or destroy an adversary’s space systems and services or any other space system or service used by an adversary that is hostile to US national interests.
nerve agent
nerve agent (JP 1-02)
A potentially lethal chemical agent which interferes with the transmission of nerve impulses.
net explosive weight
net explosive weight (JP 1-02)
The actual weight in pounds of explosive mixtures or compounds, including the trinitrotoluene equivalent of energetic material, that is used in determination of explosive limits and explosive quantity data arcs.
apron
apron (JP 1-02)
A defined area on an airfield intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers or cargo, refueling, parking, or maintenance. JP 3-34)
network operations
network operations (JP 1-02)
Activities conducted to operate and defend the Global Information Grid.
neutral
neutral (JP 1-02)
In combat and combat support operations, an identity applied to a track whose characteristics, behavior, origin, or nationality indicate that it is neither supporting nor opposing friendly forces.
neutrality
neutrality (JP 1-02)
In international law, the attitude of impartiality during periods of war adopted by third states toward a belligerent and subsequently recognized by the belligerent, which creates rights and duties between the impartial states and the belligerent.
neutralization fire
neutralization fire (JP 1-02)
Fire which is delivered to render the target ineffective or unusable.
neutralize
neutralize (JP 1-02)
neutral state
neutral state (JP 1-02)
In international law, a state that pursues a policy of neutrality during war.
news media representative
news media representative (JP 1-02)
An individual employed by a civilian radio or television station, newspaper, newsmagazine, periodical, or news agency to gather and report on a newsworthy event.
night vision device
night vision device (JP 1-02)
Any electro-optical device that is used to detect visible and infrared energy and provide a visible image. Night vision goggles, forward-looking infrared, thermal sights, and low-light level television are night vision devices.
night vision goggle(s)
night vision goggle(s) (JP 1-02)
An electro-optical image intensifying device that detects visible and near-infrared energy, intensifies the energy, and provides a visible image for night viewing. Night vision goggles can be either hand-held or helmet-mounted.
node
node (JP 1-02)
1. A location in a mobility system where a movement requirement is originated, processed for onward movement, or terminated.
access
access (JP 1-02)
In counterintelligence and intelligence use, a. a way or means of approach to identify a target; or b. exploitable proximity to or ability to approach an individual, facility, or information that enables target to carry out the intended mission.
act of mercy
act of mercy (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, assistance rendered to evaders by an individual or elements of the local population who sympathize or empathize with the evaders’ cause or plight.
area air defense commander
area air defense commander (JP 1-02)
The component commander with the preponderance of air defense capability and the required command, control, and communications capabilities who is assigned by the joint force commander to plan and execute integrated air defense operations.
no-fire area
no-fire area (JP 1-02)
An area designated by the appropriate commander into which fires or their effects are prohibited.
nonappropriated funds
nonappropriated funds (JP 1-02)
Funds generated by Department of Defense personnel and their dependents used to augment funds appropriated by the Congress to provide a comprehensive, morale-building welfare, religious, educational, and recreational programs.
nonbattle injury
nonbattle injury (JP 1-02)
A person who becomes a casualty due to circumstances not directly attributable to hostile action or terrorist activity. 223
noncombatant evacuation operations
noncombatant evacuation operations (JP 1-02)
Operations directed by the Department of State or other appropriate authority, in conjunction with the Department of Defense, whereby noncombatants are evacuated from foreign countries when their lives are endangered by war, civil unrest, or natural disaster to safe havens as designated by the Department of State.
noncombatant evacuation operations tracking system
noncombatant evacuation operations tracking system (JP 1-02)
An automated data processing hardware and software package that has the capability to provide evacuee in-transit visibility to combatant commanders and senior leadership during the conduct of a noncombatant evacuation operation.
noncombatant evacuees
noncombatant evacuees (JP 1-02)
nonconventional assisted recovery
nonconventional assisted recovery (JP 1-02)
Personnel recovery conducted by indigenous/surrogate personnel that are trained, supported, and led by special operations forces, unconventional warfare ground and maritime forces, or other government agencies’ personnel that have been specifically trained and directed to establish and operate indigenous or surrogate infrastructures.
nondestructive electronic warfare
nondestructive electronic warfare (JP 1-02)
Those electronic warfare actions, not including employment of wartime reserve modes, that deny, disrupt, or deceive rather than damage or destroy.
nonexpendable supplies and materiel
nonexpendable supplies and materiel (JP 1-02)
Supplies not consumed in use that retain their original identity during the period of use, such as weapons, machines, tools, and equipment.
nongovernmental organization
nongovernmental organization (JP 1-02)
A private, self-governing, not-for-profit organization dedicated to alleviating human suffering; and/or promoting education, health care, economic development, environmental protection, human rights, and conflict resolution; and/or encouraging the establishment of democratic institutions and civil society.
area command
area command (JP 1-02)
A command which is composed of those organized elements of one or more of the Armed Services, designated to operate in a specific geographical area, which are placed under a single commander.
nonhostile casualty
nonhostile casualty (JP 1-02)
A person who becomes a casualty due to circumstances not directly attributable to hostile action or terrorist activity. Casualties due to the elements, selfinflicted wounds, and combat fatigue are nonhostile casualties.
nonlethal weapon
nonlethal weapon (JP 1-02)
A weapon that is explicitly designed and primarily employed so as to incapacitate personnel or materiel, while minimizing fatalities, permanent injury to personnel, and undesired damage to property and the environment.
nonpersistent agent
nonpersistent agent (JP 1-02)
A chemical agent that when released dissipates and/or loses its ability to cause casualties after 10 to 15 minutes.
nonproliferation
nonproliferation (JP 1-02)
Actions to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction by dissuading or impeding access to, or distribution of, sensitive technologies, material, and expertise.
nonscheduled units
nonscheduled units (JP 1-02)
Units of the landing force held in readiness for landing during the initial unloading period, but not included in either scheduled or on-call waves. This category usually includes certain of the combat support units and most of the combat service support units with higher echelon (division and above) reserve units of the landing force. Their landing is directed when the need ashore can be predicted with a reasonable degree of accuracy.
nonstandard item
nonstandard item (JP 1-02)
An item of supply determined by standardization action as not authorized for procurement.
non-unit cargo
non-unit cargo (JP 1-02)
All equipment and supplies requiring transportation to an operational area, other than those identified as the equipment or accompanying supplies of a specific unit.
non-unit-related personnel
non-unit-related personnel (JP 1-02)
All personnel requiring transportation to or from an operational area, other than those assigned to a specific unit.
North American Aerospace Defense Command
North American Aerospace Defense Command (JP 1-02)
A bi-national command of the US and Canada that provides aerospace surveillance, warning and assessment of aerospace attack, and maintains the sovereignty of US and Canadian airspace.
no-strike list
no-strike list (JP 1-02)
A list of objects or entities characterized as protected from the effects of military operations under international law and/or rules of engagement. Attacking these may violate the law of armed conflict or interfere with friendly relations with indigenous personnel or governments.
area damage control
area damage control (JP 1-02)
Measures taken before, during, or after hostile action or natural or manmade disasters, to reduce the probability of damage and minimize its effects.
not mission capable, maintenance
not mission capable, maintenance (JP 1-02)
Material condition indicating that systems and equipment are not capable of performing any of their assigned missions because of maintenance requirements.
not mission capable, supply
not mission capable, supply (JP 1-02)
Material condition indicating that systems and equipment are not capable of performing any of their assigned missions because of maintenance work stoppage due to a supply shortage.
not seriously injured
not seriously injured (JP 1-02)
The casualty status of a person whose injury may or may not require hospitalization; medical authority does not classify as very seriously injured, seriously injured, or incapacitating illness or injury; and the person can communicate with the next of kin.
nuclear incident
nuclear incident (JP 1-02)
An unexpected incident involving a nuclear weapon, facility, or component, but not constituting a nuclear weapon(s) accident, resulting in any of the following: a. an increase in the possibility of explosion or radioactive contamination; b. errors committed in the assembly, testing, loading, or transportation of equipment, and/or the malfunctioning of equipment and materiel which could lead to an unintentional operation of all or part of the weapon arming and/or firing sequence, or which could lead to a substantial change in yield, or increased dud probability; and c. any act of God, unfavorable environment, or condition resulting in damage to the weapon, facility, or component.
nuclear intelligence
nuclear intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence derived from the collection and analysis of radiation and other effects resulting from radioactive sources.
nuclear radiation
nuclear radiation (JP 1-02)
Particulate and electromagnetic radiation emitted from atomic nuclei in various nuclear processes. The important nuclear radiations, from the weapon standpoint, are alpha and beta particles, gamma rays, and neutrons.
nuclear reactor
nuclear reactor (JP 1-02)
A facility in which fissile material is used in a self-supporting chain reaction (nuclear fission) to produce heat and/or radiation for both practical application and research and development.
nuclear weapon
nuclear weapon (JP 1-02)
A complete assembly (i.e., implosion type, gun type, or thermonuclear type), in its intended ultimate configuration which, upon completion of the prescribed arming, fusing, and firing sequence, is capable of producing the intended nuclear reaction and release of energy.
nuclear weapon(s) accident
nuclear weapon(s) accident (JP 1-02)
An unexpected incident involving nuclear weapons or radiological nuclear weapon components that results in any of the following; a. accidental or unauthorized launching, firing, or use by United States forces or United 226 States supported allied forces of a nuclear-capable weapon system that could create the risk of an outbreak of war; b. nuclear detonation; c. nonnuclear detonation or burning of a nuclear weapon or radiological nuclear weapon component; d. radioactive contamination; e. seizure, theft, loss, or destruction of a nuclear weapon or radiological nuclear weapon component, including jettisoning; and f. public hazard, actual or implied.
nuisance minefield
nuisance minefield (JP 1-02)
A minefield laid to delay and disorganize the enemy and to hinder the use of an area or route.
area of influence
area of influence (JP 1-02)
A geographical area wherein a commander is directly capable of influencing operations by maneuver or fire support systems normally under the commander’s command or control.
numbered beach
numbered beach (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, a subdivision of a colored beach, designated for the assault landing of a battalion landing team or similarly sized unit, when landed as part of a larger force.
numbered fleet
numbered fleet (JP 1-02)
A major tactical unit of the Navy immediately subordinate to a major fleet command and comprising various task forces, elements, groups, and units for the purpose of prosecuting specific naval operations.
numbered wave
numbered wave (JP 1-02)
See wave. 227 Intentionally Blank 228
objective
objective (JP 1-02)
objective area
objective area (JP 1-02)
A defined geographical area within which is located an objective to be captured or reached by the military forces. This area is defined by competent authority for purposes of command and control.
observer-target range
observer-target range (JP 1-02)
The distance along an imaginary straight line from the observer or spotter to the target.
obstacle
obstacle (JP 1-02)
Any natural or man-made obstruction designed or employed to disrupt, fix, turn, or block the movement of an opposing force, and to impose additional losses in personnel, time, and equipment on the opposing force.
obstacle belt
obstacle belt (JP 1-02)
A brigade-level command and control measure, normally given graphically, to show where within an obstacle zone the ground tactical commander plans to limit friendly obstacle employment and focus the defense.
obstacle clearing
obstacle clearing (JP 1-02)
The total elimination or neutralization of obstacles.
obstacle intelligence
obstacle intelligence (JP 1-02)
Those collection efforts to detect the presence of enemy and natural obstacles, determine their types and dimensions, and provide the necessary information to plan appropriate combined arms breaching, clearance, or bypass operations to negate the impact on the friendly scheme of maneuver.
area of interest
area of interest (JP 1-02)
That area of concern to the commander, including the area of influence, areas adjacent thereto, and extending into enemy territory. This area also includes areas occupied by enemy forces who could jeopardize the accomplishment of the mission.
obstacle restricted areas
obstacle restricted areas (JP 1-02)
A command and control measure used to limit the type or number of obstacles within an area.
obstacle zone
obstacle zone (JP 1-02)
A division-level command and control measure, normally done graphically, to designate specific land areas where lower echelons are allowed to employ tactical obstacles.
occupational and environmental health surveillance
occupational and environmental health surveillance (JP 1-02)
The regular or repeated collection, analysis, archiving, interpretation, and dissemination of occupational and environmental health-related data for monitoring the health of, or potential health hazard impact on, a population and individual personnel, and for intervening in a timely manner to prevent, treat, or control the occurrence of disease or injury when determined necessary.
occupational and environmental health threats
occupational and environmental health threats (JP 1-02)
Threats to the health of military personnel and to military readiness created by exposure to hazardous agents, environmental contamination, or toxic industrial materials.
occupied territory
occupied territory (JP 1-02)
Territory under the authority and effective control of a belligerent armed force. The term is not applicable to territory being administered pursuant to peace terms, treaty, or other agreement, express or implied, with the civil authority of the territory.
oceanography
oceanography (JP 1-02)
The study of the sea, embracing and integrating all knowledge pertaining to the sea and its physical boundaries, the chemistry and physics of seawater, and marine biology. From a military perspective, oceanography includes basic oceanography plus the study of bathymetry, hydrography, geophysics, astrometry and precise time; supported by ocean engineering, operational supercomputing, and operations research.
offensive counterair
offensive counterair (JP 1-02)
Offensive operations to destroy, disrupt, or neutralize enemy aircraft, missiles, launch platforms, and their supporting structures and systems both before and after launch, and as close to their source as possible.
offensive counterair attack operations
offensive counterair attack operations (JP 1-02)
Offensive action by any part of the joint force in support of the offensive counterair mission against surface targets which contribute to the enemy’s air and missile capabilities.
offensive counterintelligence operation
offensive counterintelligence operation (JP 1-02)
A clandestine counterintelligence activity conducted for military, strategic, Department of Defense, or national counterintelligence and security purposes against a target having suspected or known affiliation with foreign intelligence entities, international terrorism, or other foreign persons or organizations, to counter terrorism, espionage, or other clandestine intelligence activities that threaten the security of the Department or the United States. The two types of offensive counterintelligence operations are double agent operation and controlled source operation.
offensive space control
offensive space control (JP 1-02)
Those operations to prevent an adversary’s hostile use of US/third party space capabilities and services or negate (disrupt, deny, degrade, deceive, or destroy) an adversary’s space capabilities.
area of limitation
area of limitation (JP 1-02)
A defined area where specific limitations apply to the strength and fortifications of disputing or belligerent forces. Normally, upper limits are established for the number and type of formations, tanks, antiaircraft weapons, artillery, and other weapons systems in the area of limitation.
office
office (JP 1-02)
An enduring organization that is formed around a specific function within a joint force commander’s headquarters to coordinate and manage support requirements.
officer in tactical command
officer in tactical command (JP 1-02)
In maritime usage, the senior officer present eligible to assume command, or the officer to whom the senior officer has delegated tactical command.
officer of the deck
officer of the deck (JP 1-02)
The officer of the deck under way has been designated by the commanding officer to be in charge of the ship, including its safe and proper operation. The officer of the deck reports directly to the commanding officer for the safe 230 navigation and general operation of the ship, to the executive officer (and command duty officer if appointed) for carrying out the ship’s routine, and to the navigator on sighting navigational landmarks and making course and speed changes.
official information
official information (JP 1-02)
Information that is owned by, produced for or by, or is subject to the control of the United States Government.
off-load preparation party
off-load preparation party (JP 1-02)
A temporary task organization of Navy and Marine maintenance, embarkation, equipment operators, and cargo-handling personnel deployed to the maritime pre-positioning ship before or during its transit to the objective area to prepare the ship’s off-load systems and embarked equipment for offload.
offset costs
offset costs (JP 1-02)
Costs for which funds have been appropriated that may not be incurred as a result of a contingency operation.
offshore bulk fuel system
offshore bulk fuel system (JP 1-02)
The system used for transferring fuel from points offshore to reception facilities on the beach. It consists of two subsystems: amphibious bulk liquid transfer system and the offshore petroleum discharge system.
offshore petroleum discharge system
offshore petroleum discharge system (JP 1-02)
Provides bulk transfer of petroleum directly from an offshore tanker to a beach termination unit located immediately inland from the high watermark. Bulk petroleum then is either transported inland or stored in the beach support area.
off-the-shelf item
off-the-shelf item (JP 1-02)
An item that has been developed and produced to military or commercial standards and specifications, is readily available for delivery from an industrial source, and may be procured without change to satisfy a military requirement.
on berth
on berth (JP 1-02)
Said of a ship when it is properly moored to a quay, wharf, jetty, pier, or buoy or when it is at anchor and available for loading or discharging passengers and cargo.
area of operations
area of operations (JP 1-02)
An operational area defined by the joint force commander for land and maritime forces that should be large enough to accomplish their missions and protect their forces.
on-call
on-call (JP 1-02)
on-call resupply
on-call resupply (JP 1-02)
A resupply mission planned before insertion of a special operations team into the operations area but not executed until requested by the operating team.
on-call target
on-call target (JP 1-02)
Planned target upon which fires or other actions are determined using deliberate targeting and triggered, when detected or located, using dynamic targeting.
on-call wave
on-call wave (JP 1-02)
on hand
on hand (JP 1-02)
The quantity of an item that is physically available in a storage location and contained in the accountable property book records of an issuing activity.
on-scene commander
on-scene commander (JP 1-02)
on-station time
on-station time (JP 1-02)
The time an aircraft can remain on station, that may be determined by endurance or orders.
open ocean
open ocean (JP 1-02)
Ocean limit defined as greater than 12 nautical miles (nm) from shore, as compared with high seas that are over 200 nm from shore.
open-source intelligence
open-source intelligence (JP 1-02)
Information of potential intelligence value that is available to the general public.
operation
operation (JP 1-02)
1. A series of tactical actions with a common purpose or unifying theme.
area of responsibility
area of responsibility (JP 1-02)
The geographical area associated with a combatant command within which a geographic combatant commander has authority to plan and conduct operations.
operational approach
operational approach (JP 1-02)
A description of the broad actions the force must take to transform current conditions into those desired at end state.
operational architecture
operational architecture (JP 1-02)
Descriptions of the tasks, operational elements, and information flows required to accomplish or support a warfighting function.
operational area
operational area (JP 1-02)
An overarching term encompassing more descriptive terms (such as area of responsibility and joint operations area) for geographic areas in which military operations are conducted.
operational art
operational art (JP 1-02)
The cognitive approach by commanders and staffs — supported by their
skill, knowledge, experience, creativity, and judgment
skill, knowledge, experience, creativity, and judgment (JP 1-02)
to develop strategies, campaigns, and operations to organize and employ military forces by integrating ends, ways, and means.
operational authority
operational authority (JP 1-02)
That authority exercised by a commander in the chain of command, defined further as combatant command (command authority), operational control, tactical control, or a support relationship.
operational characteristics
operational characteristics (JP 1-02)
Those military characteristics that pertain primarily to the functions to be performed by equipment, either alone or in conjunction with other equipment; e.g., for electronic equipment, operational characteristics include such items as frequency coverage, channeling, type of modulation, and character of emission.
operational contract support
operational contract support (JP 1-02)
The process of planning for and obtaining supplies, services, and construction from commercial sources in support of joint operations along with the associated contractor management functions.
operational control
operational control (JP 1-02)
Command authority that may be exercised by commanders at any echelon at or below the level of combatant command. Operational control is inherent in combatant command (command authority) and may be delegated within the command. Operational control is the authority to perform those functions of command over subordinate forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission. Operational control includes authoritative direction over all aspects of military operations and joint training necessary to accomplish missions assigned to the command. Operational control should be exercised through the commanders of subordinate organizations. Normally this authority is exercised through subordinate joint force commanders and Service and/or functional component commanders. Operational control normally provides full authority to organize commands and forces and to employ those forces as the commander in operational control considers necessary to accomplish assigned missions; it does not, in and of itself, include authoritative direction for logistics or matters of administration, discipline, internal organization, or unit training.
operational control authority
operational control authority (JP 1-02)
The naval commander responsible within a specified geographical area for the naval control of all merchant shipping under Allied naval control.
area of separation
area of separation (JP 1-02)
See buffer zone.
operational decontamination
operational decontamination (JP 1-02)
Decontamination carried out by an individual and/or a unit, restricted to specific parts of operationally essential equipment, materiel and/or working areas, in order to minimize contact and transfer hazards and to sustain operations. This may include decontamination of the individual beyond the scope of immediate decontamination, as well as decontamination of mission-essential spares and limited terrain decontamination.
operational design
operational design (JP 1-02)
The conception and construction of the framework that underpins a campaign or major operation plan and its subsequent execution.
operational design element
operational design element (JP 1-02)
A key consideration used in operational design.
operational environment
operational environment (JP 1-02)
A composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander.
operational exposure guide
operational exposure guide (JP 1-02)
The maximum amount of nuclear/external ionizing radiation that the commander considers a unit may be permitted to receive while performing a particular mission or missions.
operational intelligence
operational intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence that is required for planning and conducting campaigns and major operations to accomplish strategic objectives within theaters or operational areas.
operational level of war
operational level of war (JP 1-02)
The level of war at which campaigns and major operations are planned, conducted, and sustained to achieve strategic objectives within theaters or other operational areas.
operational limitation
operational limitation (JP 1-02)
An action required or prohibited by higher authority, such as a constraint or a restraint, and other restrictions that limit the commander’s freedom of action, such as diplomatic agreements, rules of engagement, political and economic conditions in affected countries, and host nation issues.
operationally ready
operationally ready (JP 1-02)
operational necessity
operational necessity (JP 1-02)
A mission associated with war or peacetime operations in which the consequences of an action justify the risk of loss of aircraft and crew.
area operations
area operations (JP 1-02)
(*) In maritime usage, operations conducted in a geographical area and not related to the protection of a specific force.
operational pause
operational pause (JP 1-02)
A temporary halt in operations.
operational reach
operational reach (JP 1-02)
The distance and duration across which a joint force can successfully employ military capabilities.
operational readiness
operational readiness (JP 1-02)
The capability of a unit/formation, ship, weapon system, or equipment to perform the missions or functions for which it is organized or designed.
operational reserve
operational reserve (JP 1-02)
An emergency reserve of men and/or materiel established for the support of a specific operation.
operational support airlift
operational support airlift (JP 1-02)
Operational support airlift missions are movements of highpriority passengers and cargo with time, place, or mission-sensitive requirements. Operational support airlift aircraft are those fixed-wing aircraft acquired and/or retained exclusively for operational support airlift missions, as well as any other Department of Defense-owned or controlled aircraft, fixed- or rotary-wing, used for operational support airlift purposes.
operational testing
operational testing (JP 1-02)
A continuing process of evaluation that may be applied to either operational personnel or situations to determine their validity or reliability.
operation and maintenance
operation and maintenance (JP 1-02)
Maintenance and repair of real property, operation of utilities, and provision of other services such as refuse collection and disposal, entomology, snow removal, and ice alleviation.
operation order
operation order (JP 1-02)
A directive issued by a commander to subordinate commanders for the purpose of effecting the coordinated execution of an operation.
operation plan
operation plan (JP 1-02)
operations center
operations center (JP 1-02)
The facility or location on an installation, base, or facility used by the commander to command, control, and coordinate all operational activities.
acute care services
acute care services (JP 1-02)
Medical services provided for patients with conditions that generally have a rapid onset and follow a short course or require immediate attention. Most battlefield care rendered after wounding, illness, or injury onset is acute care service. Acute care service is delivered after the onset of symptoms, which differentiates it from preventive care that is delivered before symptoms appear.
area search
area search (JP 1-02)
Visual reconnaissance of limited or defined areas.
operations research
operations research (JP 1-02)
The analytical study of military problems undertaken to provide responsible commanders and staff agencies with a scientific basis for decision on action to improve military operations.
operational research; operations analysis
operations security
operations security (JP 1-02)
A process of identifying critical information and subsequently analyzing friendly actions attendant to military operations and other activities.
operations security assessment
operations security assessment (JP 1-02)
An evaluative process, usually exercise, or support function to determine the likelihood that critical information can be protected from the adversary’s intelligence.
operations security countermeasures
operations security countermeasures (JP 1-02)
Methods and means to gain and maintain essential secrecy about critical information.
operations security indicators
operations security indicators (JP 1-02)
Friendly detectable actions and open-source information that can be interpreted or pieced together by an adversary to derive critical information.
operations security planning guidance
operations security planning guidance (JP 1-02)
Guidance that defines the critical information requiring protection from the adversary and outlines provisional measures to ensure secrecy.
operations security survey
operations security survey (JP 1-02)
A collection effort by a team of subject matter experts to reproduce the intelligence image projected by a specific operation or function simulating hostile intelligence processes.
operations security vulnerability
operations security vulnerability (JP 1-02)
A condition in which friendly actions provide operations security indicators that may be obtained and accurately evaluated by an adversary in time to provide a basis for effective adversary decision making.
operations support element
operations support element (JP 1-02)
An element that is responsible for all administrative, operations support and services support functions within the counterintelligence and human intelligence staff element of a joint force intelligence directorate.
operations to restore order
operations to restore order (JP 1-02)
Operations intended to halt violence and support, reinstate, or establish civil authorities. They are designed to return an unstable and lawless environment to the point where indigenous police forces can effectively enforce the law and restore civil authority.
area target
area target (JP 1-02)
(*) A target consisting of an area rather than a single point.
opportune lift
opportune lift (JP 1-02)
That portion of lift capability available for use after planned requirements have been met.
ordered departure
ordered departure (JP 1-02)
A procedure by which the number of US Government personnel, their dependents, or both are reduced at a foreign service post. Departure is directed by the Department of State (initiated by the chief of mission or the Secretary of State) to designated safe havens with implementation of the combatant commander noncombatant evacuation operations plan.
order of battle
order of battle (JP 1-02)
The identification, strength, command structure, and disposition of the personnel, units, and equipment of any military force.
ordnance
ordnance (JP 1-02)
Explosives, chemicals, pyrotechnics, and similar stores, e.g., bombs, guns and ammunition, flares, smoke, or napalm.
organic
organic (JP 1-02)
Assigned to and forming an essential part of a military organization. Organic parts of a unit are those listed in its table of organization for the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps, and are assigned to the administrative organizations of the operating forces for the Navy.
organizational equipment
organizational equipment (JP 1-02)
Referring to method of use: signifies that equipment (other than individual equipment) used in furtherance of the common mission of an organization or unit.
organizational maintenance
organizational maintenance (JP 1-02)
That maintenance that is the responsibility of and performed by a using organization on its assigned equipment.
organization for combat
organization for combat (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, task organization of landing force units for combat, involving combinations of command, ground and aviation combat, combat support, and combat service support units for accomplishment of missions ashore.
organization for embarkation
organization for embarkation (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the organization for embarkation consisting of temporary landing force task organizations established by the commander, landing force and a temporary organization of Navy forces established by the commander, amphibious task force for the purpose of simplifying planning and facilitating the execution of embarkation.
organization for landing
organization for landing (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the specific tactical grouping of the landing force for the assault.
Armed Forces of the United States
Armed Forces of the United States (JP 1-02)
A term used to denote collectively all components of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard (when mobilized under 21 Title 10, United States Code to augment the Navy).
Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force
Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (JP 1-02)
A network of 13 regional organized crime drug enforcement task forces designed to coordinate Federal law enforcement efforts to combat the national and international organizations that cultivate, process, and distribute illicit drugs.
originating medical facility
originating medical facility (JP 1-02)
A medical facility that initially transfers a patient to another medical facility.
originator
originator (JP 1-02)
The command by whose authority a message is sent, which includes the responsibility for the functions of the drafter and the releasing officer.
oscillating mine
oscillating mine (JP 1-02)
A mine, hydrostatically controlled, which maintains a pre-set depth below the surface of the water independently of the rise and fall of the tide.
other detainee
other detainee (JP 1-02)
Person in the custody of the US Armed Forces who has not been classified as an enemy prisoner of war (article 4, Geneva Convention of 1949 Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (GPW)), retained personnel (article 33, GPW), or civilian internee (article 78, Geneva Convention).
other government agency
other government agency (JP 1-02)
Within the context of interagency coordination, a non Department of Defense agency of the United States Government.
outer transport area
outer transport area (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, an area inside the antisubmarine screen to which assault transports proceed initially after arrival in the objective area.
outsized cargo
outsized cargo (JP 1-02)
Cargo that exceeds the dimensions of oversized cargo and requires the use of a C-5 or C-17 aircraft or surface transportation. A single item that exceeds 1,000 inches long by 117 inches wide by 105 inches high in any one dimension.
overpressure
overpressure (JP 1-02)
The pressure resulting from the blast wave of an explosion. It is referred to as “positive” when it exceeds atmospheric pressure and “negative” during the passage of the wave when resulting pressures are less than atmospheric pressure.
Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document
Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document (JP 1-02)
A set of objective criteria and management practices developed by the Department of Defense to protect human health and the environment.
arming
arming (JP 1-02)
As applied to explosives, weapons, and ammunition, the changing from a safe condition to a state of readiness for initiation.
oversized cargo
oversized cargo (JP 1-02)
over-the-horizon amphibious operations
over-the-horizon amphibious operations (JP 1-02)
An operational initiative launched from beyond visual and radar range of the shoreline.
overt
overt (JP 1-02)
Activities that are openly acknowledged by or are readily attributable to the United States Government, including those designated to acquire information through legal and open means without concealment. Overt information may be collected by observation, elicitation, or from knowledgeable human sources.
overt operation
overt operation (JP 1-02)
An operation conducted openly, without concealment. clandestine operation; covert operation.
packaged petroleum product
packaged petroleum product (JP 1-02)
A petroleum product (generally a lubricant, oil, grease, or specialty item) normally packaged by a manufacturer and procured, stored, transported, and issued in containers having a fill capacity of 55 United States gallons (or 45 Imperial gallons, or 205 liters) or less.
packup kit
packup kit (JP 1-02)
Service-provided maintenance gear including spare parts and consumables most commonly needed by the deployed helicopter detachment. Supplies are sufficient for a short-term deployment but do not include all material needed for every maintenance task.
palletized unit load
palletized unit load (JP 1-02)
Quantity of any item, packaged or unpackaged, which is arranged on a pallet in a specified manner and securely strapped or fastened thereto so that the whole is handled as a unit.
parallel chains of command
parallel chains of command (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, a parallel system of command, responding to the interrelationship of Navy, landing force, Air Force, and other major forces assigned, wherein corresponding commanders are established at each subordinate level of all components to facilitate coordinated planning for, and execution of, the amphibious operation.
paramilitary forces
paramilitary forces (JP 1-02)
Forces or groups distinct from the regular armed forces of any country, but resembling them in organization, equipment, training, or mission.
See mobilization, Part 2.
armistice
armistice (JP 1-02)
In international law, a suspension or temporary cessation of hostilities by agreement between belligerent powers.
partisan warfare
partisan warfare (JP 1-02)
Not to be used. See guerrilla warfare.
partner nation
partner nation (JP 1-02)
Those nations that the United States works with to disrupt the production, transportation, distribution, and sale of illicit drugs, as well as the money involved with this illicit activity.
passage of lines
passage of lines (JP 1-02)
An operation in which a force moves forward or rearward through another force’s combat positions with the intention of moving into or out of contact with the enemy. A passage may be designated as a forward or rearward passage of lines.
passive air defense
passive air defense (JP 1-02)
All measures, other than active air defense, taken to minimize the effectiveness of hostile air and missile threats against friendly forces and assets.
passive defense
passive defense (JP 1-02)
Measures taken to reduce the probability of and to minimize the effects of damage caused by hostile action without the intention of taking the initiative. 239
passive mine
passive mine (JP 1-02)
pathfinders
pathfinders (JP 1-02)
pathogen
pathogen (JP 1-02)
A disease producing microorganism that directly attacks human tissue and biological processes.
patient
patient (JP 1-02)
A sick, injured, wounded, or other person requiring medical and/or dental care or treatment.
patient movement
patient movement (JP 1-02)
The act or process of moving a sick, injured, wounded, or other person to obtain medical and/or dental care or treatment. Functions include medical regulating, patient evacuation, and en route medical care.
armistice demarcation line
armistice demarcation line (JP 1-02)
A geographically defined line from which disputing or belligerent forces disengage and withdraw to their respective sides following a truce or cease fire agreement. Also called ADL.
cease fire line in some United Nations operations
patient movement items
patient movement items (JP 1-02)
The medical equipment and supplies required to support patients during aeromedical evacuation.
patient movement policy
patient movement policy (JP 1-02)
Command decision establishing the maximum number of days that patients may be held within the command for treatment. Patients who, in the opinion of responsible medical officers, cannot be returned to a duty status within the period prescribed are evacuated by the first available means, provided the travel involved will not aggravate their disabilities.
patient movement requirements center
patient movement requirements center (JP 1-02)
Term used to represent any theater, joint or the Global Patient Movement Requirements Center function. A joint activity that coordinates patient movement. It is the functional merging of joint medical regulating processes, Services’ medical regulating processes, and patient movement evacuation requirements planning (transport to bed plan).
Patriot
Patriot (JP 1-02)
A point and limited area defense surface-to-air missile system capable of intercepting aircraft and theater missiles, including short-, medium-, and intermediaterange ballistic missiles in the terminal phase.
P-day
P-day (JP 1-02)
That point in time at which the rate of production of an item available for military consumption equals the rate at which the item is required by the Armed Forces. 240
peace building
peace building (JP 1-02)
Stability actions, predominately diplomatic and economic, that strengthen and rebuild governmental infrastructure and institutions in order to avoid a relapse into conflict.
peace enforcement
peace enforcement (JP 1-02)
Application of military force, or the threat of its use, normally pursuant to international authorization, to compel compliance with resolutions or sanctions designed to maintain or restore peace and order.
peacekeeping
peacekeeping (JP 1-02)
Military operations undertaken with the consent of all major parties to a dispute, designed to monitor and facilitate implementation of an agreement (cease fire, truce, or other such agreement) and support diplomatic efforts to reach a long-term political settlement.
peacemaking
peacemaking (JP 1-02)
The process of diplomacy, mediation, negotiation, or other forms of peaceful settlements that arranges an end to a dispute and resolves issues that led to it.
peace operations
peace operations (JP 1-02)
A broad term that encompasses multiagency and multinational crisis response and limited contingency operations involving all instruments of national power with military missions to contain conflict, redress the peace, and shape the environment to support reconciliation and rebuilding and facilitate the transition to legitimate governance. Peace operations include peacekeeping, peace enforcement, peacemaking, peace building, and conflict prevention efforts.
arm or de-arm
arm or de-arm (JP 1-02)
Applies to those procedures in the arming or de-arming section of the applicable aircraft loading manual or checklist that places the ordnance or explosive device in a ready or safe condition i.e., rocket launchers, guided missiles, guns —
peacetime operating stocks
peacetime operating stocks (JP 1-02)
Logistic resources on hand or on order necessary to support day-to-day operational requirements, and which, in part, can also be used to offset sustaining requirements.
penetration (air traffic control)
penetration (air traffic control) (JP 1-02)
That portion of a published high altitude instrument approach procedure that prescribes a descent path from the fix on which the procedure is based to a fix or altitude from which an approach to the airport is made.
performance work statement
performance work statement (JP 1-02)
A statement of work for performance based acquisitions that describe the results in clear, specific, and objective terms with measurable outcomes.
perils of the sea
perils of the sea (JP 1-02)
Accidents and dangers peculiar to maritime activities, such as storms, waves, and wind; collision; grounding; fire, smoke and noxious fumes; flooding, sinking and capsizing; loss of propulsion or steering; and any other hazards resulting from the unique environment of the sea. 241
period
period (JP 1-02)
The time it takes for a satellite to complete one orbit around the earth.
perishable cargo
perishable cargo (JP 1-02)
Cargo requiring refrigeration, such as meat, fruit, fresh vegetables, and medical department biologicals.
permissive environment
permissive environment (JP 1-02)
Operational environment in which host country military and law enforcement agencies have control as well as the intent and capability to assist operations that a unit intends to conduct.
persistency
persistency (JP 1-02)
In biological or chemical warfare, the characteristic of an agent which pertains to the duration of its effectiveness under determined conditions after its dispersal.
persistent agent
persistent agent (JP 1-02)
A chemical agent that, when released, remains able to cause casualties for more than 24 hours to several days or weeks.
persistent surveillance
persistent surveillance (JP 1-02)
A collection strategy that emphasizes the ability of some collection systems to linger on demand in an area to detect, locate, characterize, identify, track, target, and possibly provide battle damage assessment and retargeting in near or real-time. Persistent surveillance facilitates the prediction of an adversary’s behavior and the formulation and execution of preemptive activities to deter or forestall anticipated adversary courses of action.
internal and pods, paraflares
internal and pods, paraflares (JP 1-02)
(external and SUU-44/25 dispenser). (NOTE: The removal or installation of pylon or bomb rack safety pins from a nonordnance-loaded station is considered a function requiring certification within the purview of this publication.)
personal effects
personal effects (JP 1-02)
All privately owned moveable, personal property of an individual.
personal locator beacon
personal locator beacon (JP 1-02)
An emergency device carried by individuals, to assist locating during personnel recovery.
personal locator system
personal locator system (JP 1-02)
A system that provides rough range and bearing to isolated personnel by integrating the survival radio (if equipped with a transponder) with an airborne locating system, based on an encrypted communications homing system.
personal property
personal property (JP 1-02)
Property of any kind or any interest therein, except real property, records of the United States Government, and naval vessels of the following categories: surface combatants, support ships, and submarines.
personal protective equipment
personal protective equipment (JP 1-02)
The equipment provided to shield or isolate a person from the chemical, physical, and thermal hazards that can be encountered at a hazardous materials incident. Personal protective equipment includes both personal protective clothing and respiratory protection.
person authorized to direct disposition of human remains
person authorized to direct disposition of human remains (JP 1-02)
A person, usually primary next of kin, who is authorized to direct disposition of human remains.
person eligible to receive effects
person eligible to receive effects (JP 1-02)
The person authorized by law to receive the personal effects of a deceased military member. Receipt of personal effects does not constitute ownership.
personnel
personnel (JP 1-02)
Those individuals required in either a military or civilian capacity to accomplish the assigned mission.
personnel accountability
personnel accountability (JP 1-02)
The process of identifying, capturing, and recording the personal identification information of an individual usually through the use of a database.
personnel effects inventory officer
personnel effects inventory officer (JP 1-02)
An officer appointed to establish clear chain of custody for all personal effects of an individual from the time they establish control of the effects until they release the effect to mortuary affairs personnel.
arms control agreement
arms control agreement (JP 1-02)
The written or unwritten embodiment of the acceptance of one or more arms control measures by two or more nations.
personnel increment number
personnel increment number (JP 1-02)
A seven-character, alphanumeric field that uniquely describes a non-unit-related personnel entry (line) in a Joint Operation Planning and Execution System time-phased force and deployment data.
personnel recovery
personnel recovery (JP 1-02)
The sum of military, diplomatic, and civil efforts to prepare for and execute the recovery and reintegration of isolated personnel.
personnel recovery coordination cell
personnel recovery coordination cell (JP 1-02)
The primary joint force component organization responsible for coordinating and controlling component personnel recovery missions.
personnel recovery task force
personnel recovery task force (JP 1-02)
A force comprised of US or multinational military forces and/or other US agencies formed to execute a specific personnel recovery mission to locate, support, and recover isolated personnel.
personnel security investigation
personnel security investigation (JP 1-02)
An inquiry into the activities of an individual, designed to develop pertinent information pertaining to trustworthiness and suitability for a position of trust as related to loyalty, character, emotional stability, and reliability.
personnel services support
personnel services support (JP 1-02)
Service-provided sustainment activities that support a Service member during both joint exercises and joint operations.
petroleum, oils and lubricants
petroleum, oils and lubricants (JP 1-02)
A broad term that includes all petroleum and associated products used by the Armed Forces.
phase
phase (JP 1-02)
In joint operation planning, a definitive stage of an operation or campaign during which a large portion of the forces and capabilities are involved in similar or mutually supporting activities for a common purpose.
phase line
phase line (JP 1-02)
A line utilized for control and coordination of military operations, usually an easily identified feature in the operational area.
phony minefield
phony minefield (JP 1-02)
An area free of live mines used to simulate a minefield, or section of a minefield, with the object of deceiving the enemy.
Army air-ground system
Army air-ground system (JP 1-02)
The Army system which provides for interface between Army and tactical air support agencies of other Services in the planning, evaluating, processing, and coordinating of air support requirements and operations. It is composed of appropriate staff members, including G-2 air and G-3 air personnel, and necessary communication equipment.
photomap
photomap (JP 1-02)
(*) A reproduction of a photograph or photomosaic upon which the grid lines, marginal data, contours, place names, boundaries, and other data may be added.
physical characteristics
physical characteristics (JP 1-02)
Those military characteristics of equipment that are primarily physical in nature, such as weight, shape, volume, water-proofing, and sturdiness.
physical damage assessment
physical damage assessment (JP 1-02)
The estimate of the quantitative extent of physical damage (through munitions blast, fragmentation, and/or fire damage effects) to a target resulting from the application of military force. This assessment is based upon observed or interpreted damage.
pictomap
pictomap (JP 1-02)
A topographic map in which the photographic imagery of a standard mosaic has been converted into interpretable colors and symbols by means of a pictomap process.
Pierson-Moskowitz scale
Pierson-Moskowitz scale (JP 1-02)
A scale that categorizes the force of progressively higher wind speeds.
pipeline
pipeline (JP 1-02)
In logistics, the channel of support or a specific portion thereof by means of which materiel or personnel flow from sources of procurement to their point of use.
piracy
piracy (JP 1-02)
An illegal act of violence, depredation (e.g., plundering, robbing, or pillaging), or detention in or over international waters committed for private ends by the crew or 244 passengers of a private ship or aircraft against another ship or aircraft or against persons or property on board such ship or aircraft.
placement
placement (JP 1-02)
An individual’s proximity to information of intelligence interest.
plan for landing
plan for landing (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, a collective term referring to all individually prepared naval and landing force documents which, taken together, present in detail all instructions for execution of the ship-to-shore movement.
plan identification number
plan identification number (JP 1-02)
acute radiation dose
acute radiation dose (JP 1-02)
Total ionizing radiation dose received at one time and over a period so short that biological recovery cannot occur.
Army corps
Army corps (JP 1-02)
An intermediate headquarters between divisions and the theater army. A corps may consist of two or more divisions together with supporting brigades. Corps headquarters are capable of serving as either a joint task force or joint force land component command headquarters.
planned target
planned target (JP 1-02)
Target that is known to exist in the operational environment, upon which actions are planned using deliberate targeting, creating effects which support commander’s objectives. There are two types of planned targets: scheduled and oncall.
planning and direction
planning and direction (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, the determination of intelligence requirements, development of appropriate intelligence architecture, preparation of a collection plan, and issuance of orders and requests to information collection agencies.
planning directive
planning directive (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the plan issued by the designated commander, following receipt of the initiating directive, to ensure that the planning process and interdependent plans developed by the amphibious force will be coordinated, completed in the time allowed, and important aspects not overlooked.
planning factor
planning factor (JP 1-02)
A multiplier used in planning to estimate the amount and type of effort involved in a contemplated operation.
planning factors database
planning factors database (JP 1-02)
Databases created and maintained by the Military Services for the purpose of identifying all geospatial information and services requirements for emerging and existing forces and systems. The database identifies: unit requirements, at the information content level, for geospatial data and services; system requirements for standard Department of Defense geospatial data and services; research, development, test, and evaluation requirements for developmental systems, identified by milestone; and initial operating capability and full operating capability for emerging systems.
planning order
planning order (JP 1-02)
A planning directive that provides essential planning guidance and directs the initiation of execution planning before the directing authority approves a military course of action.
planning phase
planning phase (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the phase normally denoted by the period extending from the issuance of the initiating directive up to the embarkation phase. The planning phase may occur during movement or at any other time upon receipt of a new mission or change in the operational situation.
planning team
planning team (JP 1-02)
A functional element within a joint force commander’s headquarters established to solve problems related to a specific task or requirement. The planning team is not enduring and dissolves upon completion of the assigned task.
point defense
point defense (JP 1-02)
The defense or protection of special vital elements and installations; e.g., command and control facilities or air bases.
pointee-talkee
pointee-talkee (JP 1-02)
A language aid containing selected phrases in English opposite a translation in a foreign language used by pointing to appropriate phrases.
Army Service component command
Army Service component command (JP 1-02)
Command responsible for recommendations to the joint force commander on the allocation and employment of Army forces within a combatant command.
point of employment
point of employment (JP 1-02)
In distribution operations, a physical location designated by the commander at the tactical level where force employment, emplacement, or commodity consumption occurs.
point of need
point of need (JP 1-02)
In distribution operations, a physical location within a desired operational area designated by the geographic combatant commander or subordinate commander as a receiving point for forces or materiel, for subsequent use or consumption.
point of origin
point of origin (JP 1-02)
In distribution operations, the beginning point of a deployment, redeployment, or movement where forces or materiel are located.
polar orbit
polar orbit (JP 1-02)
A satellite orbit in which the satellite passes over the North and South Poles on each orbit, and eventually passes over all points on the earth. The angle of inclination between the equator and a polar orbit is 90 degrees.
pool
pool (JP 1-02)
population at risk
population at risk (JP 1-02)
The strength in personnel of a given force structure in terms of which casualty rates are stated.
port complex
port complex (JP 1-02)
One or more port areas whose activities are geographically linked either because these areas are dependent on a common inland transport system or because they constitute a common initial destination for convoys.
port of debarkation
port of debarkation (JP 1-02)
The geographic point at which cargo or personnel are discharged. This may be a seaport or aerial port of debarkation; for unit requirements; it may or may not coincide with the destination.
port of embarkation
port of embarkation (JP 1-02)
The geographic point in a routing scheme from which cargo or personnel depart.
port operations group
port operations group (JP 1-02)
A task-organized unit, located at the seaport of embarkation and/or debarkation under the control of the landing force support party and/or combat service support element, that assists and provides support in the loading and/or unloading and staging of personnel, supplies, and equipment from shipping.
Army space support team
Army space support team (JP 1-02)
A team of space operations experts provided by the Commander, US Army Forces Strategic Command upon request of an Army component commander or a geographic combatant commander to assist the supported commander in integrating space power into the terrestrial operation or campaign.
port security
port security (JP 1-02)
The safeguarding of vessels, harbors, ports, waterfront facilities, and cargo from internal threats such as destruction, loss, or injury from sabotage or other subversive acts; accidents; thefts; or other causes of similar nature.
port support activity
port support activity (JP 1-02)
A tailorable support organization composed of mobilization station assets that ensures the equipment of the deploying units is ready to load. The port support activity operates unique equipment in conjunction with ship loading operations. The port support activity is operationally controlled by the military port commander or terminal transfer unit commander.
positive control
positive control (JP 1-02)
A method of airspace control that relies on positive identification, tracking, and direction of aircraft within an airspace, conducted with electronic means by an agency having the authority and responsibility therein.
positive identification
positive identification (JP 1-02)
An identification derived from observation and analysis of target characteristics including visual recognition, electronic support systems, noncooperative target recognition techniques, identification friend or foe systems, or other physics-based identification techniques.
Posse Comitatus Act
Posse Comitatus Act (JP 1-02)
Prohibits search, seizure, or arrest powers to US military personnel. Amended in 1981 under Public Law 97-86 to permit increased Department of Defense support of drug interdiction and other law enforcement activities. (Title 18, “Use of Army and Air Force as Posse Comitatus” - United States Code, Section 1385)
power projection
power projection (JP 1-02)
The ability of a nation to apply all or some of its elements of national power - political, economic, informational, or military - to rapidly and effectively deploy and sustain forces in and from multiple dispersed locations to respond to crises, 247 to contribute to deterrence, and to enhance regional stability.
prearranged fire
prearranged fire (JP 1-02)
Fire that is formally planned and executed against targets or target areas of known location. Such fire is usually planned well in advance and is executed at a predetermined time or during a predetermined period of time.
preassault operations
preassault operations (JP 1-02)
Operations conducted by the amphibious force upon its arrival in the operational area and prior to H-hour and/or L-hour.
precedence
precedence (JP 1-02)
Precedence Communications
Precedence Communications (JP 1-02)
Designation assigned to a message by the originator to indicate to communications personnel the relative order of handling and to the addressee the order in which the message is to be noted. Examples of communication precedence from most immediate to least are flash, immediate, priority, and routine.
Precedence reconnaissance
Precedence reconnaissance (JP 1-02)
A letter designation, assigned by a unit requesting several reconnaissance missions, to indicate the relative order of importance (within an established priority) of the mission requested.
Precedence evacuation
Precedence evacuation (JP 1-02)
The assignment of a priority for medical evacuation that is based on patient condition, advice of the senior medical person at the scene, and the tactical situation.
precipitation static
precipitation static (JP 1-02)
Charged precipitation particles that strike antennas and gradually charge the antenna, which ultimately discharges across the insulator, causing a burst of static.
precise time and time interval
precise time and time interval (JP 1-02)
A reference value of time and time interval (frequency). Standards are maintained through traceable measurements referenced to a primary timing or frequency standard. The Department of Defense standard for precise time and time interval is Universal Coordinated Time as maintained by the United States Naval Observatory.
precision bombing
precision bombing (JP 1-02)
Bombing directed at a specific point target.
precision-guided munition
precision-guided munition (JP 1-02)
A guided weapon intended to destroy a point target and minimize collateral damage.
precursor
precursor (JP 1-02)
Any chemical reactant which takes place at any stage in the production by whatever method of a toxic chemical. This includes any key component of a binary or multicomponent chemical system.
precursor chemical
precursor chemical (JP 1-02)
Compounds that are required in the synthetic or extraction processes of drug production, and become incorporated into the drug molecule. Not used in the production of cocaine or heroin.
preparation fire
preparation fire (JP 1-02)
Fire delivered on a target preparatory to an assault.
preparation of the environment
preparation of the environment (JP 1-02)
An umbrella term for operations and activities conducted by selectively trained special operations forces to develop an environment for potential future special operations.
prepare to deploy order
prepare to deploy order (JP 1-02)
An order issued by competent authority to move forces or prepare forces for movement (e.g., increase deployability posture of units).
Army special operations forces
Army special operations forces (JP 1-02)
Those Active and Reserve Component Army forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations.
preplanned air support
preplanned air support (JP 1-02)
Air support in accordance with a program, planned in advance of operations.
preplanned mission request
preplanned mission request (JP 1-02)
A request for an air strike on a target that can be anticipated sufficiently in advance to permit detailed mission coordination and planning.
pre-position
pre-position (JP 1-02)
To place military units, equipment, or supplies at or near the point of planned use or at a designated location to reduce reaction time, and to ensure timely support of a specific force during initial phases of an operation.
pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement, balance
pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement, balance (JP 1-02)
That portion of the pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement that has not been acquired or funded. This level consists of the pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement, less the prepositioned war reserve requirement, protectable.
pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement, protectable
pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement, protectable (JP 1-02)
That portion of the pre-positioned war reserve materiel requirement that is protected for purposes of procurement, funding, and inventory management.
pre-positioned war reserve requirement
pre-positioned war reserve requirement (JP 1-02)
That portion of the war reserve materiel requirement that the current Secretary of Defense guidance dictates be reserved and positioned at or near the point of planned use or issue to the user prior to hostilities to reduce reaction time and to assure timely support of a specific force or project until replenishment can be effected.
pre-positioned war reserve stock
pre-positioned war reserve stock (JP 1-02)
The assets that are designated to satisfy the prepositioned war reserve materiel requirement.
presail
presail (JP 1-02)
The time prior to a ship getting under way used to prepare for at-sea events.
Presidential Call-up
Presidential Call-up (JP 1-02)
Procedures by which the President brings all or a part of the Army National Guard or the Air National Guard to active federal service under Title 10, United States Code, Section 12406 and Chapter 15.
Presidential Reserve Call-up
Presidential Reserve Call-up (JP 1-02)
Provision of a public law (Title 10, United States Code, Section 12304) that provides the President a means to activate, without a declaration of national emergency, not more than 200,000 members of the Selected Reserve and the Individual Ready Reserve (of whom not more than 30,000 may be members of the Individual Ready Reserve), for not more than 365 days to meet the requirements of any operational mission. Members called under this provision may not be used for disaster relief or to suppress insurrection. This authority has particular utility when used in circumstances in which the escalatory national or international signals of partial or full mobilization would be undesirable. Forces available under this authority can provide a tailored, limited-scope, deterrent, or operational response, or may be used as a precursor to any subsequent mobilization.
Army support area
Army support area (JP 1-02)
The specific support area for a theater Army that is outside of a division or corps’s operational area established primarily for the positioning, employment, and protection of theater support units; and where the majority of the sustaining operations occur.
pressure mine
pressure mine (JP 1-02)
prevention of mutual interference
prevention of mutual interference (JP 1-02)
In submarine operations, procedures established to prevent submerged collisions between friendly submarines, between submarines and friendly surface ship towed bodies and arrays, and between submarines and any other hazards to submerged navigation (e.g., explosive detonations, research submersible operations, oil drilling rigs, etc.).
preventive deployment
preventive deployment (JP 1-02)
The deployment of military forces to deter violence at the interface or zone of potential conflict where tension is rising among parties. Forces may be employed in such a way that they are indistinguishable from a peace operations force in terms of equipment, force posture, and activities.
preventive maintenance
preventive maintenance (JP 1-02)
The care and servicing by personnel for the purpose of maintaining equipment and facilities in satisfactory operating condition by providing for systematic inspection, detection, and correction of incipient failures either before they occur or before they develop into major defects.
preventive medicine
preventive medicine (JP 1-02)
The anticipation, communication, prediction, identification, prevention, education, risk assessment, and control of communicable diseases, illnesses and exposure to endemic, occupational, and environmental threats. These threats include nonbattle injuries, combat stress responses, weapons of mass destruction, and other threats to the health and readiness of military personnel. Communicable diseases include anthropod-, vector-, food-, waste-, and waterborne diseases. Preventative medicine measures include field sanitation, medical surveillance, pest and vector 250 control, disease risk assessment, environmental and occupational health surveillance, waste (human, hazardous, and medical) disposal, food safety inspection, and potable water surveillance.
primary agency
primary agency (JP 1-02)
The federal department or agency assigned primary responsibility for managing and coordinating a specific emergency support function in the National Response Plan.
primary control officer
primary control officer (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the officer embarked in a primary control ship assigned to control the movement of landing craft, amphibious vehicles, and landing ships to and from a colored beach.
primary control ship
primary control ship (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, a ship of the task force designated to provide support for the primary control officer and a combat information center control team for a colored beach.
primary flight control
primary flight control (JP 1-02)
The controlling agency on aviation ships and amphibious aviation assault ships that is responsible for air traffic control of aircraft within 5 nautical miles of the ship. On most Coast Guard cutters, primary flight control duties are performed by a combat information center, and the term “PRIFLY” is not used.
primary review authority
primary review authority (JP 1-02)
The organization, within the lead agent's chain of command, that is assigned by the lead agent to perform the actions and coordination necessary to develop and maintain the assigned joint publication under the cognizance of the lead agent. (CJCSM 5120.01)
arrival zone
arrival zone (JP 1-02)
In counterdrug operations, the area in or adjacent to the United States where smuggling concludes and domestic distribution begins (by air, an airstrip; by sea, an offload point on land, or transfer to small boats).
prime contract
prime contract (JP 1-02)
A contract or contractual action entered into by the United States Government for the purpose of obtaining supplies, materials, equipment, or services of any kind.
prime vendor
prime vendor (JP 1-02)
A contracting process that provides commercial products to regionally grouped military and federal customers from commercial distributors using electronic commerce. Customers typically receive materiel delivery through the vendor’s commercial distribution system.
principal federal official
principal federal official (JP 1-02)
The federal official designated by the Secretary of Homeland Security to act as his/her representative locally to oversee, coordinate, and execute the Secretary’s incident management responsibilities under Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5.
principal items
principal items (JP 1-02)
End items and replacement assemblies of such importance that management techniques require centralized individual item management throughout the supply system, to include depot level, base level, and items in the hands of using units. These specifically include the items where, in the judgment of the Services, there is a 251 need for central inventory control, including centralized computation of requirements, central procurement, central direction of distribution, and central knowledge and control of all assets owned by the Services.
principal officer
principal officer (JP 1-02)
The officer in charge of a diplomatic mission, consular office, or other Foreign Service post, such as a United States liaison office.
priority designator
priority designator (JP 1-02)
A two-digit issue and priority code (01 through 15) placed in military standard requisitioning and issue procedure requisitions. It is based upon a combination of factors that relate the mission of the requisitioner and the urgency of need or the end use and is used to provide a means of assigning relative rankings to competing demands placed on the Department of Defense supply system.
priority intelligence requirement
priority intelligence requirement (JP 1-02)
An intelligence requirement, stated as a priority for intelligence support, that the commander and staff need to understand the adversary or other aspects of the operational environment.
prisoner of war
prisoner of war (JP 1-02)
A detained person (as defined in Articles 4 and 5 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War of August 12, 1949) who, while engaged in combat under orders of his or her government, is captured by the armed forces of the enemy.
prisoner of war camp
prisoner of war camp (JP 1-02)
An installation established for the internment and administration of prisoners of war.
private sector
private sector (JP 1-02)
An umbrella term that may be applied in the United States and in foreign countries to any or all of the nonpublic or commercial individuals and businesses, specified nonprofit organizations, most of academia and other scholastic institutions, and selected nongovernmental organizations.
ascent phase
ascent phase (JP 1-02)
That portion of the flight of a ballistic missile or space vehicle that begins after powered flight and ends just prior to apogee.
privity of contract
privity of contract (JP 1-02)
The legal relationship that exists between two contracting parties, for example, between the government and the prime contractor
probability of damage
probability of damage (JP 1-02)
(*) The probability that damage will occur to a target expressed as a percentage or as a decimal.
probe
probe (JP 1-02)
In information operations, any attempt to gather information about an automated information system or its on-line users.
procedural control
procedural control (JP 1-02)
A method of airspace control which relies on a combination of previously agreed and promulgated orders and procedures.
procedural identification
procedural identification (JP 1-02)
An identification based on observation and analysis of target behaviors including location and trajectory, as well as compliance with airspace control measures.
procedures
procedures (JP 1-02)
Standard, detailed steps that prescribe how to perform specific tasks. (CJCSM 5120.01)
procedure word
procedure word (JP 1-02)
A word or phrase limited to radio telephone procedure used to facilitate communication by conveying information in a condensed standard form.
processing
processing (JP 1-02)
A system of operations designed to convert raw data into useful information.
processing and exploitation
processing and exploitation (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, the conversion of collected information into forms suitable to the production of intelligence.
process owner
process owner (JP 1-02)
The head of a Department of Defense component assigned a responsibility by the Secretary of Defense when process improvement involves more than one Military Service or Department of Defense component.
assault
assault (JP 1-02)
procurement lead time
procurement lead time (JP 1-02)
The interval in time between the initiation of procurement action and receipt into the supply system of the production model (excludes prototypes) purchased as the result of such actions. It is composed of two elements, production lead time and administrative lead time.
procuring contracting officer
procuring contracting officer (JP 1-02)
A contracting officer who initiates and signs the contract.
producer countries
producer countries (JP 1-02)
In counterdrug operations, countries where naturally occurring plants such as coca, cannabis, or poppies are cultivated for later refinement into illicit drugs.
production base
production base (JP 1-02)
The total national industrial production capacity available for the manufacture of items to meet materiel requirements.
production lead time
production lead time (JP 1-02)
The time interval between the placement of a contract and receipt into the supply system of materiel purchased.
Initial production lead time
Initial production lead time (JP 1-02)
The time interval if the item is not under production as of the date of contract placement.
Reorder production lead time
Reorder production lead time (JP 1-02)
The time interval if the item is under production as of the date of contract placement.
production logistics
production logistics (JP 1-02)
That part of logistics concerning research, design, development, manufacture, and acceptance of materiel. In consequence, production logistics includes: standardization and interoperability, contracting, quality assurance, initial provisioning, transportability, reliability and defect analysis, safety standards, specifications and production processes, trials and testing (including provision of necessary facilities), equipment documentation, configuration control, and modifications.
prohibited area
prohibited area (JP 1-02)
A specified area within the land areas of a state or its internal waters, archipelagic waters, or territorial sea adjacent thereto over which the flight of aircraft is prohibited. May also refer to land or sea areas to which access is prohibited.
proliferation
proliferation (JP 1-02)
The transfer of weapons of mass destruction, related materials, technology, and expertise from suppliers to hostile state or non-state actors.
proof
proof (JP 1-02)
To verify that a breached lane is free of live mines by passing a mine roller or other mine-resistant vehicle through as the lead vehicle.
assault breaching
assault breaching (JP 1-02)
A part of amphibious breaching in support of an amphibious assault involving a fire support mission using precision guided munitions to neutralize mines and obstacles in the surf zone and on the beach.
propaganda
propaganda (JP 1-02)
Any form of adversary communication, especially of a biased or misleading nature, designed to influence the opinions, emotions, attitudes, or behavior of any group in order to benefit the sponsor, either directly or indirectly.
proper authority
proper authority (JP 1-02)
An authority authorized to call an opposing force hostile; may be either the President, the Secretary of Defense, the affected combatant commander, and/or any commander so delegated by either the President, Secretary of Defense or the combatant commander.
proper clearance
proper clearance (JP 1-02)
A clearance for entry of units into specified defense areas by civil or military authorities having responsibility for granting such clearance.
property
property (JP 1-02)
protected emblems
protected emblems (JP 1-02)
The red cross, red crescent, and other symbols that designate that persons, places, or equipment so marked have a protected status under the law of war.
protected frequencies
protected frequencies (JP 1-02)
Friendly, generally time-oriented, frequencies used for a particular operation, identified and protected to prevent them from being inadvertently jammed by friendly forces while active electronic warfare operations are directed against hostile forces.
protected persons/places
protected persons/places (JP 1-02)
Persons (such as enemy prisoners of war) and places (such as hospitals) that enjoy special protections under the law of war. They may or may not be marked with protected emblems.
protection
protection (JP 1-02)
1. Preservation of the effectiveness and survivability of mission-related military and nonmilitary personnel, equipment, facilities, information, and infrastructure deployed or located within or outside the boundaries of a given operational area.
protection of shipping
protection of shipping (JP 1-02)
The use of proportionate force, when necessary for the protection of US flag vessels and aircraft, US citizens (whether embarked in US or foreign vessels), and their property against unlawful violence.
protective clothing
protective clothing (JP 1-02)
(*) Clothing especially designed, fabricated, or treated to protect personnel against hazards caused by extreme changes in physical environment, dangerous working conditions, or enemy action.
acute radiation syndrome
acute radiation syndrome (JP 1-02)
An acute illness caused by irradiation of the body by a high dose of penetrating radiation in a very short period of time.
assault craft
assault craft (JP 1-02)
A landing craft or amphibious vehicle primarily employed for landing troops and equipment in the assault waves of an amphibious operation.
protective mask
protective mask (JP 1-02)
A protective ensemble designed to protect the wearer’s face and eyes and prevent the breathing of air contaminated with chemical and/or biological agents.
protective minefield
protective minefield (JP 1-02)
provincial reconstruction team
provincial reconstruction team (JP 1-02)
An interim interagency organization designed to improve stability in a given area by helping build the legitimacy and effectiveness of a host nation local or provincial government in providing security to its citizens and delivering essential government services.
proword
proword (JP 1-02)
See procedure word.
proximity operations
proximity operations (JP 1-02)
In space operations, on-orbit activities of a resident space object that deliberately and necessarily maintains a close distance from another resident space object for a specific purpose. Two objects in space that pass each other by natural orbital mechanics (e.g., routine orbital conjunctions or close approaches) or Department of Defense space systems which are designated to utilize cluster or formation flight to maintain required proximity to provide required system functionality do not fall within this definition.
public affairs
public affairs (JP 1-02)
Those public information, command information, and community engagement activities directed toward both the external and internal publics with 255 interest in the Department of Defense. information; public information.
public affairs assessment
public affairs assessment (JP 1-02)
An analysis of the news media and public environments to evaluate the degree of understanding about strategic and operational objectives and military activities and to identify levels of public support. It includes judgments about the public affairs impact of pending decisions and recommendations about the structure of public affairs support for the assigned mission.
public affairs guidance
public affairs guidance (JP 1-02)
Constraints and restraints established by proper authority regarding public information, command information, and community relations activities. It may also address the method(s), timing, location, and other details governing the release of information to the public.
public diplomacy
public diplomacy (JP 1-02)
public information
public information (JP 1-02)
Within public affairs, that information of a military nature, the dissemination of which is consistent with security and approved for release.
assault craft unit
assault craft unit (JP 1-02)
A permanently commissioned naval organization, subordinate to the commander, naval beach group, that contains landing craft and crews necessary to provide lighterage required in an amphibious operation.
public key infrastructure
public key infrastructure (JP 1-02)
An enterprise-wide service (i.e. data integrity, user identification and authentication, user non-repudiation, data confidentiality, encryption, and digital signature) that supports digital signatures and other public key-based security mechanisms for Department of Defense functional enterprise programs, including generation, production, distribution, control, and accounting of public key certificates. A public key infrastructure provides the means to bind public keys to their owners and helps in the distribution of reliable public keys in large heterogeneous networks. Public keys are bound to their owners by public key certificates. These certificates contain information such as the owner’s name and the associated public key and are issued by a reliable certification authority.
purchasing office
purchasing office (JP 1-02)
Any installation or activity, or any division, office, branch, section, unit, or other organizational element of an installation or activity charged with the functions of procuring supplies or services.
purposeful interference
purposeful interference (JP 1-02)
In space operations, deliberate actions taken to deny or disrupt a space system, service, or capability. Purposeful interference threats include but are 256 not limited to: mission uplink or downlink interference; command uplink interference; telemetry downlink jamming; positioning jamming; unauthorized access; information insertion; and signal probing.
Q-route
Q-route (JP 1-02)
A system of preplanned shipping lanes in mined or potentially mined waters used to minimize the area the mine countermeasures commander has to keep clear of mines in order to provide safe passage for friendly shipping.
quadruple container
quadruple container (JP 1-02)
A quadruple container box 57.5inches x 96inches x 96inches with a metal frame, pallet base, and International Organization for Standardization corner fittings. Four of these boxes can be lashed together to form a 20-foot American National Standards Institute or International Organization for Standardization intermodal container.
qualifying entity
qualifying entity (JP 1-02)
A non-governmental organization to which the Department of Defense may provide assistance for special events by virtue of statute, regulation, policy, or other approval by the Secretary of Defense or his or her authorized designee. (DODD 3025.18)
quay
quay (JP 1-02)
A structure of solid construction along a shore or bank that provides berthing and generally provides cargo-handling facilities.
quick response force
quick response force (JP 1-02)
A company-sized force providing responsive, mission-tailored, lightly armed ground units that can deploy on short notice, with minimal lift assets, and capable of providing immediate or emergency response.
radar advisory
radar advisory (JP 1-02)
The term used to indicate that the provision of advice and information is based on radar observation.
radar imagery
radar imagery (JP 1-02)
Imagery produced by recording radar waves reflected from a given target surface.
assault echelon
assault echelon (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the element of a force comprised of tailored units and aircraft assigned to conduct the initial assault on the operational area.
radar intelligence
radar intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence derived from data collected by radar. RADINT.
radar picket
radar picket (JP 1-02)
Any ship, aircraft, or vehicle, stationed at a distance from the force protected, and integrated into a common operational picture for the purpose of increasing the radar detection range.
radial
radial (JP 1-02)
A magnetic bearing extending from a very high frequency omni-range and/or tactical air navigation station.
radiation dose
radiation dose (JP 1-02)
The total amount of ionizing radiation absorbed by material or tissues.
radiation dose rate
radiation dose rate (JP 1-02)
Measurement of radiation dose per unit of time.
radiation exposure status
radiation exposure status (JP 1-02)
Criteria to assist the commander in measuring unit exposure to radiation based on total past cumulative dose, normally expressed in centigray.
radio detection
radio detection (JP 1-02)
(*) The detection of the presence of an object by radio-location without precise determination of its position.
radio frequency countermeasures
radio frequency countermeasures (JP 1-02)
Any device or technique employing radio frequency materials or technology that is intended to impair the effectiveness of enemy activity, particularly with respect to precision guided weapons and sensor systems.
radiological dispersal device
radiological dispersal device (JP 1-02)
An improvised assembly or process, other than a nuclear explosive device, designed to disseminate radioactive material in order to cause destruction, damage, or injury.
radiological exposure device
radiological exposure device (JP 1-02)
A radioactive source placed to cause injury or death.
assault fire
assault fire (JP 1-02)
raid
raid (JP 1-02)
An operation to temporarily seize an area in order to secure information, confuse an adversary, capture personnel or equipment, or to destroy a capability culminating with a planned withdrawal.
railhead
railhead (JP 1-02)
A point on a railway where loads are transferred between trains and other means of transport.
range marker
range marker (JP 1-02)
(*) A single calibration blip fed onto the time base of a radial display. The rotation of the time base shows the single blips as a circle on the plan position indicator scope. It may be used to measure range.
range markers
range markers (JP 1-02)
Two upright markers that may be lighted at night and placed so that, when aligned, the direction indicated assists in piloting. They may be used in amphibious operations to aid in beaching landing ships or craft.
Rangers
Rangers (JP 1-02)
Rapidly deployable airborne light infantry organized and trained to conduct highly complex joint direct action operations in coordination with or in support of other special operations units of all Services.
rapid and precise response
rapid and precise response (JP 1-02)
Rapid and precise response is the ability of the defense supply chain to meet the constantly changing needs of the joint force.
rapid global mobility
rapid global mobility (JP 1-02)
The timely movement, positioning, and sustainment of military forces and capabilities across the range of military operations.
rapid response force
rapid response force (JP 1-02)
A battalion minus-sized force providing responsive, missiontailored, lightly armed ground units that can deploy on short notice, with minimal lift assets, and capable of providing immediate or emergency response.
ratification
ratification (JP 1-02)
rationalization
rationalization (JP 1-02)
Any action that increases the effectiveness of allied forces through more efficient or effective use of defense resources committed to the alliance. Rationalization includes consolidation, reassignment of national priorities to higher alliance needs, standardization, specialization, mutual support or improved interoperability, and greater cooperation. Rationalization applies to both weapons and/or materiel resources and non-weapons military matters.
assault follow-on echelon
assault follow-on echelon (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, that echelon of the assault troops, vehicles, aircraft, equipment, and supplies that, though not needed to initiate the assault, is required to support and sustain the assault. In order to accomplish its purpose, it is normally required in the objective area no later than five days after commencement of the assault landing.
R-day
R-day (JP 1-02)
See times. 262
reachback
reachback (JP 1-02)
The process of obtaining products, services, and applications, or forces, or equipment, or material from organizations that are not forward deployed.
readiness
readiness (JP 1-02)
The ability of United States military forces to fight and meet the demands of the national military strategy. Readiness is the synthesis of two distinct but interrelated
unit readiness
unit readiness (JP 1-02)
The ability to provide capabilities required by the combatant commanders to execute their assigned missions. This is derived from the ability of each unit to deliver the outputs for which it was designed.
joint readiness
joint readiness (JP 1-02)
The combatant commander’s ability to integrate and synchronize ready combat and support forces to execute his or her assigned missions.
readiness condition
readiness condition (JP 1-02)
See operational readiness.
Ready Reserve
Ready Reserve (JP 1-02)
The Selected Reserve, Individual Ready Reserve, and Inactive National Guard liable for active duty as prescribed by law (Title 10, United States Code, Sections 10142, 12301, and 12302).
ready-to-load date
ready-to-load date (JP 1-02)
The date when a unit will be ready to move from the origin, i.e., mobilization station.
reallocation authority
reallocation authority (JP 1-02)
(*) The authority given to NATO commanders and normally negotiated in peacetime, to reallocate in an “emergency in war” national logistic resources controlled by the combat forces under their command, and made available by nations, in order to influence the battle logistically.
real property
real property (JP 1-02)
Lands, buildings, structures, utilities systems, improvements, and appurtenances, thereto that includes equipment attached to and made part of buildings and structures, but not movable equipment. JP 3-34
rear area operations center/rear tactical operations center
rear area operations center/rear tactical operations center (JP 1-02)
A command and control facility that serves as an area and/or subarea commander’s planning, coordinating, monitoring, advising, and directing agency for area security operations.
assault phase
assault phase (JP 1-02)
In an airborne operation, a phase beginning with delivery by air of the assault echelon of the force into the objective area and extending through attack of assault objectives and consolidation of the initial airhead.
rearming
rearming (JP 1-02)
reattack recommendation
reattack recommendation (JP 1-02)
An assessment, derived from the results of battle damage assessment and munitions effectiveness assessment, providing the commander systematic advice on reattack of targets and further target selection to achieve objectives. The reattack recommendation considers objective achievement, target, and aimpoint selection, attack timing, tactics, and weapon system and munitions selection. 263 The reattack recommendation is a combined operations and intelligence function.
receipt into the supply system
receipt into the supply system (JP 1-02)
That point in time when the first item or first quantity of the item of the contract has been received at or is en route to point of first delivery after inspection and acceptance.
receiving ship
receiving ship (JP 1-02)
The ship in a replenishment unit that receives the rig(s).
reception
reception (JP 1-02)
recognition
recognition (JP 1-02)
recognition signal
recognition signal (JP 1-02)
Any prearranged signal by which individuals or units may identify each other.
reconnaissance
reconnaissance (JP 1-02)
A mission undertaken to obtain, by visual observation or other detection methods, information about the activities and resources of an enemy or adversary, or to secure data concerning the meteorological, hydrographic, or geographic characteristics of a particular area.
recovery
recovery (JP 1-02)
1. In air (aviation) operations, that phase of a mission that involves the return of an aircraft to a land base or platform afloat.
recovery and reconstitution
recovery and reconstitution (JP 1-02)
assault schedule
assault schedule (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, this schedule provides the formation, composition, and timing of waves landing over the beach.
recovery force
recovery force (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, an organization consisting of personnel and equipment with a mission of locating, supporting, and recovering isolated personnel, and returning them to friendly control.
recovery mechanism
recovery mechanism (JP 1-02)
Designated indigenous or surrogate infrastructure that is specifically developed, trained, and directed by US forces to contact, authenticate, support, move, and exfiltrate designated isolated personnel from uncertain or hostile areas back to friendly control.
recovery operations
recovery operations (JP 1-02)
Operations conducted to search for, locate, identify, recover, and return isolated personnel, human remains, sensitive equipment, or items critical to national security.
recovery site
recovery site (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, an area from which isolated personnel can be recovered.
recovery team
recovery team (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, designated US or US-directed forces, who are specifically trained to operate in conjunction with indigenous or surrogate forces, and are tasked to contact, authenticate, support, move, and exfiltrate isolated personnel.
recovery vehicle
recovery vehicle (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, the vehicle on which isolated personnel are boarded and transported from the recovery site.
recovery zone
recovery zone (JP 1-02)
A designated geographic area from which special operations forces can be extracted by air, boat, or other means.
redeployment
redeployment (JP 1-02)
The transfer of forces and materiel to support another joint force commander’s operational requirements, or to return personnel, equipment, and materiel to the home and/or demobilization stations for reintegration and/or out-processing.
redistribution
redistribution (JP 1-02)
The utilization of logistic resources after Transfer of Authority necessary for the fulfillment of the commander’s combat missions. The logistic resources are designated in peacetime and will become assigned to the NATO commander in crisis and conflict.
red team
red team (JP 1-02)
An organizational element comprised of trained and educated members that provide an independent capability to fully explore alternatives in plans and operations in the context of the operational environment and from the perspective of adversaries and others.
assault shipping
assault shipping (JP 1-02)
Shipping assigned to the amphibious task force and utilized for transporting assault troops, vehicles, equipment, and supplies to the objective area.
reduced charge
reduced charge (JP 1-02)
reduced operating status
reduced operating status (JP 1-02)
Military Sealift Command ships withdrawn from full operating status because of decreased operational requirements.
reduction
reduction (JP 1-02)
The creation of lanes through a minefield or obstacle to allow passage of the attacking ground force.
refraction
refraction (JP 1-02)
The process by which the direction of a wave is changed when moving into shallow water at an angle to the bathymetric contours. The crest of the wave advancing in shallower water moves more slowly than the crest still advancing in deeper water, causing the wave crest to bend toward alignment with the underwater contours.
refugee
refugee (JP 1-02)
A person who owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his or her nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself or herself of the protection of that country.
regimental landing team
regimental landing team (JP 1-02)
A task organization for landing composed of an infantry regiment reinforced by those elements that are required for initiation of its combat function ashore.
regional air defense commander
regional air defense commander (JP 1-02)
Commander, subordinate to the area air defense commander, who is responsible for air and missile defenses in the assigned regionand exercises authorities as delegated by the area air defense commander.
regional liaison group
regional liaison group (JP 1-02)
A combined Department of State-Department of Defense element collocated with a combatant command for the purpose of coordinating post emergency evacuation plans.
regional response coordination center
regional response coordination center (JP 1-02)
A standing facility that is activated to coordinate regional response efforts, until a joint field office is established and/or the principal federal official, federal or coordinating officer can assume their National Response Plan coordination responsibilities.
regional satellite communications support center
regional satellite communications support center (JP 1-02)
United States Strategic Command operational element responsible for providing the operational communications planners with a single all-spectrum (extremely high frequency, super-high frequency, ultrahigh frequency, Ku, and Ka) point of contact for accessing and managing satellite communications (SATCOM) resources. Specific tasks include: supporting combatant commanders’ deliberate and crisis planning, assisting combatant commanders in day- 266 to-day management of apportioned resources and allocating non-apportioned resources, assisting theater spectrum managers, and facilitating SATCOM interface to the defense information infrastructure.
assault wave
assault wave (JP 1-02)
regional security officer
regional security officer (JP 1-02)
A security officer responsible to the chief of mission (ambassador), for security functions of all US embassies and consulates in a given country or group of adjacent countries.
regulating point
regulating point (JP 1-02)
An anchorage, port, or ocean area to which assault and assault followon echelons and follow-up shipping proceed on a schedule, and at which they are normally controlled by the commander, amphibious task force, until needed in the transport area for unloading.
regulating station
regulating station (JP 1-02)
A command agency established to control all movements of personnel and supplies into or out of a given area.
rehabilitative care
rehabilitative care (JP 1-02)
Therapy that provides evaluations and treatment programs using exercises, massage, or electrical therapeutic treatment to restore, reinforce, or enhance motor performance and restores patients to functional health allowing for their return to duty or discharge from the Service.
rehearsal phase
rehearsal phase (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the period during which the prospective operation is practiced for the purpose of: (1) testing adequacy of plans, the timing of detailed operations, and the combat readiness of participating forces; (2) ensuring that all echelons are familiar with plans; and (3) testing communications-information systems.
reinforcing obstacles
reinforcing obstacles (JP 1-02)
Those obstacles specifically constructed, emplaced, or detonated through military effort and designed to strengthen existing terrain to disrupt, fix, turn, or block enemy movement.
reintegrate
reintegrate (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, the task of conducting appropriate debriefings and reintegrating recovered isolated personnel back to duty and their family.
release altitude
release altitude (JP 1-02)
Altitude of an aircraft above the ground at the time of release of bombs, rockets, missiles, tow targets, etc.
relief in place
relief in place (JP 1-02)
(*) An operation in which, by direction of higher authority, all or part of a unit is replaced in an area by the incoming unit. The responsibilities of the replaced elements for the mission and the assigned zone of operations are transferred to the incoming unit. The incoming unit continues the operation as ordered.
religious advisement
religious advisement (JP 1-02)
The practice of informing the commander on the impact of religion on joint operations to include, but not limited to: worship, rituals, customs and 267 practices of US military personnel, international forces, and the indigenous population.
assembly area
assembly area (JP 1-02)
religious affairs
religious affairs (JP 1-02)
The combination of religious support and religious advisement.
religious support
religious support (JP 1-02)
Chaplain facilitated free exercise of religion through worship, religious and pastoral counseling services, ceremonial honors for the dead, crisis intervention, and advice to the commander on matters pertaining to morals, ethics, and morale as affected by religion.
religious support plan
religious support plan (JP 1-02)
A plan that describes how religious support will be provided to all members of a joint force. When approved by the commander, it may be included as an annex to an operation plan.
religious support team
religious support team (JP 1-02)
A team that is composed of at least one chaplain and one enlisted support person. Religious support teams assigned at Joint Staff and combatant command level may be from different Services; those assigned at joint task force and below are normally from the same Service. The team works together in designing, implementing, and executing the command religious program.
remain-behind equipment
remain-behind equipment (JP 1-02)
Unit equipment left by deploying forces at their bases when they deploy.
render safe procedures
render safe procedures (JP 1-02)
The portion of the explosive ordnance disposal procedures involving the application of special explosive ordnance disposal methods and tools to provide for the interruption of functions or separation of essential components of unexploded explosive ordnance to prevent an unacceptable detonation.
rendezvous area
rendezvous area (JP 1-02)
In an amphibious operation, the area in which the landing craft and amphibious vehicles rendezvous to form waves after being loaded, and prior to movement to the line of departure.
reorder point
reorder point (JP 1-02)
repair
repair (JP 1-02)
The restoration of an item to serviceable condition through correction of a specific failure or unserviceable condition. 268
repairable item
repairable item (JP 1-02)
An item that can be reconditioned or economically repaired for reuse when it becomes unserviceable.
Adaptive Planning and Execution system
Adaptive Planning and Execution system (JP 1-02)
A Department of Defense system of joint policies, processes, procedures, and reporting structures, supported by communications and information technology, that is used by the joint planning and execution community to monitor, plan, and execute mobilization, deployment, employment, sustainment, redeployment, and demobilization activities associated with joint operations.
assessment
assessment (JP 1-02)
repair cycle
repair cycle (JP 1-02)
The stages through which a repairable item passes from the time of its removal or replacement until it is reinstalled or placed in stock in a serviceable condition.
repatriate
repatriate (JP 1-02)
A person who returns to his or her country or citizenship, having left said native country either against his or her will, or as one of a group who left for reason of politics, religion, or other pertinent reasons.
repatriation
repatriation (JP 1-02)
1. The procedure whereby American citizens and their families are officially processed back into the United States subsequent to an evacuation.
reportable incident
reportable incident (JP 1-02)
Any suspected or alleged violation of Department of Defense policy or of other related orders, policies, procedures or applicable law, for which there is credible information.
request for assistance
request for assistance (JP 1-02)
A request based on mission requirements and expressed in terms of desired outcome, formally asking the Department of Defense to provide assistance to a local, state, tribal, or other federal agency.
request for information
request for information (JP 1-02)
required delivery date
required delivery date (JP 1-02)
The date that a force must arrive at the destination and complete unloading.
requirements management system
requirements management system (JP 1-02)
A system for the management of theater and national imagery collection requirements that provides automated tools for users in support of submission, review, and validation of imagery nominations as requirements to be tasked on national or Department of Defense imagery collection, production, and exploitation resources.
requiring activity
requiring activity (JP 1-02)
A military or other designated supported organization that identifies and receives contracted support during military operations.
requisitioning objective
requisitioning objective (JP 1-02)
The maximum quantities of materiel to be maintained on hand and on order to sustain current operations. It will consist of the sum of stocks represented by the operating level, safety level, and the order and shipping time or procurement lead time, as appropriate.
assessment agent
assessment agent (JP 1-02)
The organization responsible for conducting an assessment of an approved joint publication. (CJCSM 5120.01)
rescue combat air patrol
rescue combat air patrol (JP 1-02)
An aircraft patrol provided over that portion of an objective area in which recovery operations are being conducted for the purpose of intercepting and destroying hostile aircraft.
rescue coordination center
rescue coordination center (JP 1-02)
A unit, recognized by International Civil Aviation Organization, International Maritime Organization, or other cognizant international body, responsible for promoting efficient organization of search and rescue services and coordinating the conduct of search and rescue operations within a search and rescue region.
reserve
reserve (JP 1-02)
Reserve Component
Reserve Component (JP 1-02)
The Armed Forces of the United States Reserve Component consists of: a. the Army National Guard of the United States; b. the Army Reserve; c. the Navy Reserve; d. the Marine Corps Reserve; e. the Air National Guard of the United States; f. the Air Force Reserve; and g. the Coast Guard Reserve.
Reserve Component category
Reserve Component category (JP 1-02)
The category that identifies an individual’s status in the Reserve Component. The three Reserve Component categories are Ready Reserve, Standby Reserve, and Retired Reserve. Each reservist is identified by a specific Reserve Component category designation.
reserved obstacles
reserved obstacles (JP 1-02)
Those demolition obstacles that are deemed critical to the plan for which the authority to detonate is reserved by the designating commander.
resettled person
resettled person (JP 1-02)
A refugee or an internally displaced person wishing to return somewhere other than his or her previous home or land within the country or area of original displacement.
residual forces
residual forces (JP 1-02)
Unexpended portions of the remaining United States forces that have an immediate combat potential for continued military operations, and that have been deliberately withheld from utilization. 270
residual radiation
residual radiation (JP 1-02)
Nuclear radiation caused by fallout, artificial dispersion of radioactive material, or irradiation which results from a nuclear explosion and persists longer than one minute after burst.
resistance movement
resistance movement (JP 1-02)
An organized effort by some portion of the civil population of a country to resist the legally established government or an occupying power and to disrupt civil order and stability.
asset (intelligence)
asset (intelligence) (JP 1-02)
Any resource — person, group, relationship, instrument, installation,
resource management
resource management (JP 1-02)
A financial management function that provides advice and guidance to the commander to develop command resource requirements.
resources
resources (JP 1-02)
The forces, materiel, and other assets or capabilities apportioned or allocated to the commander of a unified or specified command.
response force
response force (JP 1-02)
A mobile force with appropriate fire support designated, usually by the area commander, to deal with Level II threats in the operational area.
responsibility
responsibility (JP 1-02)
rest and recuperation
rest and recuperation (JP 1-02)
The withdrawal of individuals from combat or duty in a combat area for short periods of rest and recuperation.
restraint
restraint (JP 1-02)
In the context of joint operation planning, a requirement placed on the command by a higher command that prohibits an action, thus restricting freedom of action.
restricted area
restricted area (JP 1-02)
restricted areas (air)
restricted areas (air) (JP 1-02)
Designated areas established by appropriate authority over which flight of aircraft is restricted. They are shown on aeronautical charts, published in notices to airmen, and provided in publications of aids to air navigation.
restricted items list
restricted items list (JP 1-02)
A document listing those logistic goods and services for which nations must coordinate any contracting activity with a commander’s centralized contracting organization.
restricted operations area
restricted operations area (JP 1-02)
Airspace of defined dimensions, designated by the airspace control authority, in response to specific operational situations/requirements within which the operation of one or more airspace users is restricted.
or supply
or supply (JP 1-02)
at the disposition of an intelligence organization for use in an operational or support role. Often used with a qualifying term such as agent asset or propaganda asset.
restricted reporting
restricted reporting (JP 1-02)
Reporting option that allows sexual assault victims to confidentially disclose the assault to specified individual and receive medical treatment without triggering an official investigation.
restricted target list
restricted target list (JP 1-02)
A list of restricted targets nominated by elements of the joint force and approved by the joint force commander. This list also includes restricted targets directed by higher authorities.
restricted target
restricted target (JP 1-02)
A valid target that has specific restrictions placed on the actions authorized against it due to operational considerations.
restrictive fire area
restrictive fire area (JP 1-02)
An area in which specific restrictions are imposed and into which fires that exceed those restrictions will not be delivered without coordination with the establishing headquarters.
restrictive fire line
restrictive fire line (JP 1-02)
A line established between converging friendly surface forces that prohibits fires or their effects across that line.
resupply
resupply (JP 1-02)
The act of replenishing stocks in order to maintain required levels of supply.
resuscitative care
resuscitative care (JP 1-02)
Advanced emergency medical treatment required to prevent immediate loss of life or limb and to attain stabilization to ensure the patient could tolerate evacuation.
retained personnel
retained personnel (JP 1-02)
Enemy medical personnel and medical staff administrators who are engaged in either the search for, collection, transport, or treatment of the wounded or sick, or the prevention of disease; chaplains attached to enemy armed forces; and, staff of National Red Cross Societies and that of other volunteer aid societies, duly recognized and authorized by their governments to assist medical service personnel of their own armed forces, provided they are exclusively engaged in the search for, or the collection, transport or treatment of wounded or sick, or in the prevention of disease, and provided that the staff of such societies are subject to military laws and regulations.
Retired Reserve
Retired Reserve (JP 1-02)
All Reserve members who receive retirement pay on the basis of their active duty and/or Reserve service; those members who are otherwise eligible for 272 retirement pay but have not reached age 60 and who have not elected discharge and are not voluntary members of the Ready or Standby Reserve.
retrograde
retrograde (JP 1-02)
The process for the movement of non-unit equipment and materiel from a forward location to a reset (replenishment, repair, or recapitalization) program or to another directed area of operations to replenish unit stocks, or to satisfy stock requirements.
asset validation
asset validation (JP 1-02)
In intelligence use, the process used to determine the asset authenticity, reliability, utility, suitability, and degree of control the case officer or others have.
returned to military control
returned to military control (JP 1-02)
The status of a person whose casualty status of “duty status - whereabouts unknown” or “missing” has been changed due to the person’s return or recovery by US military authority.
returnee
returnee (JP 1-02)
A displaced person who has returned voluntarily to his or her former place of residence.
return to base
return to base (JP 1-02)
An order to proceed to the point indicated by the displayed information or by verbal communication.
revolving fund account
revolving fund account (JP 1-02)
An account authorized by specific provisions of law to finance a continuing cycle of business-type operations, and which are authorized to incur obligations and expenditures that generate receipts.
riot control agent
riot control agent (JP 1-02)
Any chemical, not listed in a schedule of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction which can produce rapidly in humans sensory irritation or disabling physical effects which disappear within a short time following termination of exposure.
rising mine
rising mine (JP 1-02)
In naval mine warfare, a mine having positive buoyancy which is released from a sinker by a ship influence or by a timing device.
risk
risk (JP 1-02)
Probability and severity of loss linked to hazards. management.
risk assessment
risk assessment (JP 1-02)
The identification and assessment of hazards (first two steps of risk management process).
risk management
risk management (JP 1-02)
The process of identifying, assessing, and controlling risks arising from operational factors and making decisions that balance risk cost with mission benefits.
riverine area
riverine area (JP 1-02)
An inland or coastal area comprising both land and water, characterized by limited land lines of communication, with extensive water surface and/or inland waterways that provide natural routes for surface transportation and communications. 273
asset visibility
asset visibility (JP 1-02)
Provides users with information on the location, movement, status, and identity of units, personnel, equipment, and supplies. It facilitates the capability to act upon that information to improve overall performance of the Department of Defense’s logistics practices.
riverine operations
riverine operations (JP 1-02)
Operations conducted by forces organized to cope with and exploit the unique characteristics of a riverine area, to locate and destroy hostile forces, and/or to achieve or maintain control of the riverine area. Joint riverine operations combine land, naval, and air operations, as appropriate, and are suited to the nature of the specific riverine area in which operations are to be conducted.
road net
road net (JP 1-02)
The system of roads available within a particular locality or area.
role specialist nation
role specialist nation (JP 1-02)
A nation that has agreed to assume responsibility for providing a particular class of supply or service for all or part of the multinational force.
roll-on/roll-off discharge facility
roll-on/roll-off discharge facility (JP 1-02)
Provides a means of disembarking vehicles from a roll-on and roll-off ship to lighterage. The roll-on/roll-off discharge facility consists of six causeway sections, nonpowered assembled into a platform that is two sections long and three sections wide. When use of landing craft, utility, as lighters, is being considered, a seventh “sea end” causeway section, non-powered, fitted with a rhino horn, is required. The roll-on/roll-off discharge facility assembly includes fendering, lighting, and a ramp for vehicle movement from ship to the platform.
rough terrain container handler
rough terrain container handler (JP 1-02)
A piece of materials handling equipment used to pick up and move containers.
route classification
route classification (JP 1-02)
Classification assigned to a route using factors of minimum width, worst route type, least bridge, raft, or culvert military load classification, and obstructions to traffic flow.
rules for the use of force
rules for the use of force (JP 1-02)
Directives issued to guide United States forces on the use of force during various operations. These directives may take the form of execute orders, deployment orders, memoranda of agreement, or plans.
rules of engagement
rules of engagement (JP 1-02)
Directives issued by competent military authority that delineate the circumstances and limitations under which United States forces will initiate and/or continue combat engagement with other forces encountered.
ruse
ruse (JP 1-02)
In military deception, a trick of war designed to deceive the adversary, usually involving the deliberate exposure of false information to the adversary’s intelligence collection system.
sabotage
sabotage (JP 1-02)
An act or acts with intent to injure, interfere with, or obstruct the national defense of a country by willfully injuring or destroying, or attempting to injure or destroy, any national defense or war materiel, premises, or utilities, to include human and natural resources.
assign
assign (JP 1-02)
safe area
safe area (JP 1-02)
A designated area in hostile territory that offers the evader or escapee a reasonable chance of avoiding capture and of surviving until he or she can be evacuated.
safe haven
safe haven (JP 1-02)
1. Designated area(s) to which noncombatants of the United States Government’s responsibility and commercial vehicles and materiel may be evacuated during a domestic or other valid emergency.
safe house
safe house (JP 1-02)
An innocent-appearing house or premises established by an organization for the purpose of conducting clandestine or covert activity in relative security.
safing
safing (JP 1-02)
As applied to weapons and ammunition, the changing from a state of readiness for initiation to a safe condition.
salvage
salvage (JP 1-02)
salvage operation
salvage operation (JP 1-02)
salvo
salvo (JP 1-02)
sanction enforcement
sanction enforcement (JP 1-02)
Operations that employ coercive measures to control the movement of certain types of designated items into or out of a nation or specified area.
scheduled target
scheduled target (JP 1-02)
Planned target upon which fires or other actions are scheduled for prosecution at a specified time.
scheduled wave
scheduled wave (JP 1-02)
assistance in kind
assistance in kind (JP 1-02)
The provision of material and services for a logistic exchange of materials and services of equal value between the governments of eligible countries.
schedule of fire
schedule of fire (JP 1-02)
Groups of fires or series of fires fired in a definite sequence according to a definite program. The time of starting the schedule may be on call. For identification purposes, schedules may be referred to by a code name or other designation.
schedule of targets
schedule of targets (JP 1-02)
In artillery, mortar, and naval gunfire support, individual targets, groups, or series of targets to be fired on, in a definite sequence according to a definite program.
scheme of maneuver
scheme of maneuver (JP 1-02)
The central expression of the commander’s concept for operations that governs the design of supporting plans or annexes of how arrayed forces will accomplish the mission.
scientific and technical intelligence
scientific and technical intelligence (JP 1-02)
The product resulting from the collection, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of foreign scientific and technical information that covers: a. foreign developments in basic and applied research and in applied engineering techniques; and b. scientific and technical characteristics, capabilities, and limitations of all foreign military systems, weapons, weapon systems, and materiel; the research and development related thereto; and the production methods employed for their manufacture.
screening
screening (JP 1-02)
In intelligence, the evaluation of an individual or a group of individuals to determine their potential to answer collection requirements or to identify individuals who match a predetermined source profile coupled with the process of identifying and assessing the areas of knowledge, cooperation, and possible approach techniques for an individual who has information of intelligence value.
S-Day
S-Day (JP 1-02)
sea areas
sea areas (JP 1-02)
Areas in the amphibious objective area designated for the stationing of amphibious task force ships. Sea areas include inner transport area, sea echelon area, fire support area, etc.
sea barge
sea barge (JP 1-02)
A type of barge-ship that can carry up to 38 loaded barges and also carry tugs, stacked causeway sections, various watercraft, or heavy lift equipment to better support joint logistics over-the-shore operations.
seabasing
seabasing (JP 1-02)
The deployment, assembly, command projection, reconstitution, and reemployment of joint power from the sea without reliance on land bases within the operational area.
sea control operations
sea control operations (JP 1-02)
The employment of naval forces, supported by land and air forces as appropriate, in order to achieve military objectives in vital sea areas. Such operations include destruction of enemy naval forces, suppression of enemy sea commerce, protection of vital sea lanes, and establishment of local military superiority in areas of naval operations.
assumption
assumption (JP 1-02)
A supposition on the current situation or a presupposition on the future course of events, either or both assumed to be true in the absence of positive proof, necessary to enable the commander in the process of planning to complete an estimate of the situation and make a decision on the course of action.
sea echelon
sea echelon (JP 1-02)
A portion of the assault shipping which withdraws from or remains out of the transport area during an amphibious landing and operates in designated areas to seaward in an on-call or unscheduled status.
sea echelon area
sea echelon area (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, an area to seaward of a transport area from which assault shipping is phased into the transport area, and to which assault shipping withdraws from the transport area.
sea echelon plan
sea echelon plan (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the distribution plan for amphibious shipping in the transport area to minimize losses due to enemy attack by weapons of mass destruction and to reduce the area to be swept of mines.
SEAL delivery vehicle team
SEAL delivery vehicle team (JP 1-02)
United States Navy forces organized, trained, and equipped to conduct special operations with SEAL delivery vehicles, dry deck shelters, and other submersible platforms.
sealift enhancement features
sealift enhancement features (JP 1-02)
Special equipment and modifications that adapt merchanttype dry cargo ships and tankers to specific military missions.
SEAL team
SEAL team (JP 1-02)
United States Navy forces organized, trained, and equipped to conduct special operations with an emphasis on maritime, coastal, and riverine environments.
seaport
seaport (JP 1-02)
A land facility designated for reception of personnel or materiel moved by sea, and that serves as an authorized port of entrance into or departure from the country in which located.
search
search (JP 1-02)
A systematic reconnaissance of a defined area, so that all parts of the area have passed within visibility.
search and rescue
search and rescue (JP 1-02)
The use of aircraft, surface craft, submarines, and specialized rescue teams and equipment to search for and rescue distressed persons on land or at sea in a permissive environment.
search and rescue numerical encryption grid
search and rescue numerical encryption grid (JP 1-02)
A predesignated ten-letter word without repeated letters used exclusively by recovery forces or isolated personnel to encrypt numerical data such as position, time, headings, etc., in a covert manner.
asymmetric
asymmetric (JP 1-02)
In military operations the application of dissimilar strategies, tactics, capabilities, and methods to circumvent or negate an opponent’s strengths while exploiting his weaknesses.
search and rescue point
search and rescue point (JP 1-02)
A predesignated specific location, relative to which isolated personnel provide their position to recovery forces.
search and rescue region
search and rescue region (JP 1-02)
An area of defined dimensions, recognized by the International Civil Aviation Organization, International Maritime Organization, or other cognizant international body, and associated with a rescue coordination center within which search and rescue services are provided.
SEASHED
SEASHED (JP 1-02)
A temporary deck in container ships for transport of large military vehicles and outsized breakbulk cargo that will not fit into containers.
sea state
sea state (JP 1-02)
A scale that categorizes the force of progressively higher seas by wave height. This scale is mathematically co-related to the Pierson-Moskowitz scale and the relationship of wind to waves.
sea surveillance
sea surveillance (JP 1-02)
(*) The systematic observation of surface and subsurface sea areas by all available and practicable means primarily for the purpose of locating, identifying and determining the movements of ships, submarines, and other vehicles, friendly and enemy, proceeding on or under the surface of the world’s seas and oceans.
seaward launch point
seaward launch point (JP 1-02)
A designated point off the coast from which special operations forces will launch to proceed to the beach to conduct operations.
seaward recovery point
seaward recovery point (JP 1-02)
A designated point off the coast to which special operations forces will proceed for recovery by submarine or other means of recovery.
secondary imagery dissemination
secondary imagery dissemination (JP 1-02)
See electronic imagery dissemination.
secondary loads
secondary loads (JP 1-02)
Unit equipment, supplies, and major end items that are transported in the beds of organic vehicles.
secondary wave breaker system
secondary wave breaker system (JP 1-02)
A series of waves superimposed on another series and differing in height, period, or angle of approach to the beach.
adequacy
adequacy (JP 1-02)
The joint operation plan review criterion for assessing whether the scope and concept of planned operations can accomplish the assigned mission and comply with the planning guidance provided.
atmospheric environment
atmospheric environment (JP 1-02)
The envelope of air surrounding the Earth, including its interfaces and interactions with the Earth’s solid or liquid surface.
secret
secret (JP 1-02)
Security classification that shall be applied to information, the unauthorized disclosure of which reasonably could be expected to cause serious damage to the national security that the original classification authority is able to identify or describe. (EO 13526)
Secretary of a Military Department
Secretary of a Military Department (JP 1-02)
The Secretary of the Air Force, Army, or Navy.
SECRET Internet Protocol Router Network
SECRET Internet Protocol Router Network (JP 1-02)
The worldwide SECRET-level packet switch network that uses high-speed internet protocol routers and high-capacity Defense Information Systems Network circuitry.
section
section (JP 1-02)
sector air defense commander
sector air defense commander (JP 1-02)
Commander subordinate to an area/regional air defense commander, who is responsible for air and missile defenses in the assigned sector and exercises authorities delegated by the area/regional air defense commander.
security
security (JP 1-02)
1. Measures taken by a military unit, activity, or installation to protect itself against all acts designed to, or which may, impair its effectiveness.
security assistance
security assistance (JP 1-02)
Group of programs authorized by the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and the Arms Export Control Act of 1976, as amended, or other related statutes by which the United States provides defense articles, military training, and other defense-related services by grant, loan, credit, or cash sales in furtherance of national policies and objectives. Security assistance is an element of security cooperation funded and authorized by Department of State to be administered by Department of Defense/Defense Security Cooperation Agency.
security classification
security classification (JP 1-02)
A category to which national security information and material is assigned to denote the degree of damage that unauthorized disclosure would cause to 279 national defense or foreign relations of the United States and to denote the degree of protection required. There are three such categories: top secret, secret, and confidential. (EO 13526)
security clearance
security clearance (JP 1-02)
An administrative determination by competent authority that an individual is eligible for access to classified information.
security cooperation
security cooperation (JP 1-02)
All Department of Defense interactions with foreign defense establishments to build defense relationships that promote specific US security interests, develop allied and friendly military capabilities for self-defense and multinational operations, and provide US forces with peacetime and contingency access to a host nation.
atomic weapon
atomic weapon (JP 1-02)
See nuclear weapon.
security cooperation organization
security cooperation organization (JP 1-02)
All Department of Defense elements located in a foreign country with assigned responsibilities for carrying out security assistance/cooperation management functions. It includes military assistance advisory groups, military missions and groups, offices of defense and military cooperation, liaison groups, and defense attaché personnel designated to perform security assistance/cooperation functions.
security countermeasures
security countermeasures (JP 1-02)
Those protective activities required to prevent espionage, sabotage, theft, or unauthorized use of classified or controlled information, systems, or material of the Department of Defense.
security force assistance
security force assistance (JP 1-02)
The Department of Defense activities that contribute to unified action by the US Government to support the development of the capacity and capability of foreign security forces and their supporting institutions.
security forces
security forces (JP 1-02)
Duly constituted military, paramilitary, police, and constabulary forces of a state.
security review
security review (JP 1-02)
The process of reviewing information and products prior to public release to ensure the material will not jeopardize ongoing or future operations.
security sector reform
security sector reform (JP 1-02)
A comprehensive set of programs and activities undertaken to improve the way a host nation provides safety, security, and justice.
security service
security service (JP 1-02)
Entity or component of a foreign government charged with responsibility for counterespionage or internal security functions.
sedition
sedition (JP 1-02)
Willfully advocating or teaching the duty or necessity of overthrowing the US government or any political subdivision by force or violence.
segregation
segregation (JP 1-02)
In detainee operations, the removal of a detainee from other detainees and their environment for legitimate purposes unrelated to interrogation, such as when necessary for the movement, health, safety, and/or security of the detainee, the detention facility, or its personnel.
seize
seize (JP 1-02)
To employ combat forces to occupy physically and to control a designated area.
at sea
at sea (JP 1-02)
Includes the following maritime areas: foreign internal waters, archipelagic waters, and territorial seas; foreign contiguous zones; foreign exclusive economic zones; the high seas; and US-exclusive economic zone, territorial sea, and internal waters.
seizures
seizures (JP 1-02)
In counterdrug operations, includes drugs and conveyances seized by law enforcement authorities and drug-related assets (monetary instruments, etc.) confiscated based on evidence that they have been derived from or used in illegal narcotics activities.
Selected Reserve
Selected Reserve (JP 1-02)
Those units and individuals within the Ready Reserve designated by their respective Services and approved by the Joint Chiefs of Staff as so essential to initial wartime missions that they have priority over all other Reserves. Selected Reservists actively participate in a Reserve Component training program. The Selected Reserve also includes persons performing initial active duty for training.
selective identification feature
selective identification feature (JP 1-02)
A capability that, when added to the basic identification friend or foe system, provides the means to transmit, receive, and display selected coded replies.
selective loading
selective loading (JP 1-02)
The arrangement and stowage of equipment and supplies aboard ship in a manner designed to facilitate issues to units.
selective off-loading
selective off-loading (JP 1-02)
The capability to access and off-load vehicles, supplies, and equipment without having to conduct a major reconfiguration or total off-load; influenced by the number and types of ships allocated, and the space made available for the embarkation of the landing force.
selective unloading
selective unloading (JP 1-02)
In an amphibious operation, the controlled unloading from assault shipping, and movement ashore, of specific items of cargo at the request of the landing force commander. Normally, selective unloading parallels the landing of nonscheduled units during the initial unloading period of the ship-to-shore movement.
semipermanent joint task force
semipermanent joint task force (JP 1-02)
A joint task force that has been assigned an expanded or follow-on mission and will continue to conduct these operations in a specified area for an undetermined period of time.
senior airfield authority
senior airfield authority (JP 1-02)
An individual designated by the joint force commander to be responsible for the control, operation, and maintenance of an airfield to include the 281 runways, associated taxiways, parking ramps, land, and facilities whose proximity directly affects airfield operations.
senior contracting official
senior contracting official (JP 1-02)
The lead Service or joint command designated contracting official who has direct managerial responsibility over theater support contracting.
attach
attach (JP 1-02)
senior meteorological and oceanographic officer
senior meteorological and oceanographic officer (JP 1-02)
Meteorological and oceanographic officer responsible for assisting the combatant commander and staff in developing and executing operational meteorological and oceanographic service concepts in support of a designated joint force.
sensitive
sensitive (JP 1-02)
An agency, installation, person, position, document, material, or activity requiring special protection from disclosure that could cause embarrassment, compromise, or threat to the security of the sponsoring power.
sensitive compartmented information
sensitive compartmented information (JP 1-02)
All information and materials bearing special community controls indicating restricted handling within present and future community intelligence collection programs and their end products for which community systems of compartmentation have been or will be formally established. (These controls are over and above the provisions of DOD 5200.1-R, Information Security Program Regulation.)
sensitive compartmented information facility
sensitive compartmented information facility (JP 1-02)
An accredited area, room, group of rooms, or installation where sensitive compartmented information may be stored, used, discussed, and/or electronically processed, where procedural and physical measures prevent the free access of persons unless they have been formally indoctrinated for the particular sensitive compartmented information authorized for use or storage within the sensitive compartmented information facility.
sensitive site
sensitive site (JP 1-02)
A geographically limited area that contains, but is not limited to, adversary information systems, war crimes sites, critical government facilities, and areas suspected of containing high value targets.
sequel
sequel (JP 1-02)
The subsequent major operation or phase based on the possible outcomes (success, stalemate, or defeat) of the current major operation or phase.
serial
serial (JP 1-02)
serial assignment table
serial assignment table (JP 1-02)
A table that is used in amphibious operations and shows the serial number, the title of the unit, the approximate number of personnel; the material, vehicles, or equipment in the serial; the number and type of landing craft and/or amphibious vehicles required to boat the serial; and the ship on which the serial is embarked.
seriously ill or injured
seriously ill or injured (JP 1-02)
The casualty status of a person whose illness or injury is classified by medical authority to be of such severity that there is cause for immediate concern, but there is not imminent danger to life.
seriously wounded
seriously wounded (JP 1-02)
A casualty whose injuries or illness are of such severity that the patient is rendered unable to walk or sit, thereby requiring a litter for movement and evacuation.
attack assessment
attack assessment (JP 1-02)
An evaluation of information to determine the potential or actual nature and objectives of an attack for the purpose of providing information for timely decisions.
service ammunition
service ammunition (JP 1-02)
Ammunition intended for combat rather than for training purposes.
Service-common
Service-common (JP 1-02)
Equipment, material, supplies, and services adopted by a Military Service for use by its own forces and activities. These include standard military items, base operating support, and the supplies and services provided by a Military Service to support and sustain its own forces, including those assigned to the combatant commands. Items and services defined as Service-common by one Military Service are not necessarily Service-common for all other Military Services.
Service component command
Service component command (JP 1-02)
A command consisting of the Service component commander and all those Service forces, such as individuals, units, detachments, organizations, and installations under that command, including the support forces that have been assigned to a combatant command or further assigned to a subordinate unified command or joint task force.
service group
service group (JP 1-02)
A major naval administration and/or tactical organization, consisting of the commander and the staff, designed to exercise operational and administrative control of assigned squadrons and units in executing their tasks of providing logistic support of fleet operations.
Service-organic transportation assets
Service-organic transportation assets (JP 1-02)
Transportation assets that are: a. Assigned to a Military Department for functions of the Secretaries of the Military Departments set forth in Title 10 of the United States Code, Sections 3013(b), 5013(b), and 8013(b), including administrative functions (such as motor pools), intelligence functions, training functions, and maintenance functions; b. Assigned to the Department of the Army for the execution of the missions of the Army Corps of Engineers; c. Assigned to the Department of the Navy as the special mission support force of missile range instrumentation ships, ocean survey ships, cable ships, oceanographic research ships, acoustic research ships, and naval test support ships; the naval fleet auxiliary force of 283 fleet ammunition ships, fleet stores ships, fleet ocean tugs, and fleet oilers; hospital ships; and Navy-unique fleet essential airlift aircraft to provide delivery of passengers and/or cargo from forward Air Mobility Command channel hubs to mobile fleet units; Marine Corps intermediate maintenance activity ships, Marine Corps helicopter support to senior federal officials; and, prior to the complete discharge of cargo, maritime prepositioning ships; d. Assigned to the Department of the Air Force for search and rescue, weather reconnaissance, audiovisual services, and aeromedical evacuation functions, and transportation of senior federal officials.
service squadron
service squadron (JP 1-02)
An administrative and/or tactical subdivision of a naval service force or service group, consisting of the commander and the staff and organized to exercise operational and administrative control of assigned units in providing logistic support of fleet units as directed.
service troops
service troops (JP 1-02)
Those units designed to render supply, maintenance, transportation, evacuation, hospitalization, and other services required by air and ground combat units to carry out effectively their mission in combat.
Service-unique container
Service-unique container (JP 1-02)
Any 20- or 40-foot International Organization for Standardization container procured or leased by a Service to meet Service-unique requirements.
servicing
servicing (JP 1-02)
See common servicing; cross-servicing; joint servicing.
sexual assault forensic examination kit
sexual assault forensic examination kit (JP 1-02)
The medical and forensic examination kit used to ensure controlled procedures and safekeeping of any bodily specimens in a sexual assault case.
attack group
attack group (JP 1-02)
A subordinate task organization of the Navy forces of an amphibious task force. It is composed of assault shipping and supporting naval units designated to transport, protect, land, and initially support a landing group.
sexual assault prevention and response program
sexual assault prevention and response program (JP 1-02)
A Department of Defense program for the Military Departments and Department of Defense components that establishes sexual assault prevention and response policies to be implemented worldwide.
sexual assault response coordinator
sexual assault response coordinator (JP 1-02)
The single point of contact at an installation or within a geographic area who overseas sexual assault awareness, prevention, and response.
shelter
shelter (JP 1-02)
An International Organization for Standardization container outfitted with liveor work-in capability.
shielding
shielding (JP 1-02)
shifting fire
shifting fire (JP 1-02)
Fire delivered at constant range at varying deflections; used to cover the width of a target that is too great to be covered by an open sheaf.
ship-to-shore movement
ship-to-shore movement (JP 1-02)
That portion of the action phase of an amphibious operation which includes the deployment of the landing force from the assault shipping to designated landing areas.
shoal
shoal (JP 1-02)
A sandbank or bar that makes water shoal; i.e., a sand-bank that is not rocky and on which there is a water depth of 6 fathoms or less.
shore fire control party
shore fire control party (JP 1-02)
A specially trained unit for control of naval gunfire in support of troops ashore. It consists of a spotting team to adjust fire and a naval gunfire liaison team to perform liaison functions for the supported battalion commander.
shore party
shore party (JP 1-02)
A task organization of the landing force, formed for the purpose of facilitating the landing and movement off the beaches of troops, equipment, and supplies; for the evacuation from the beaches of casualties and enemy prisoners of war; and for facilitating the beaching, retraction, and salvaging of landing ships and craft. It comprises elements of both the naval and landing forces.
shortfall
shortfall (JP 1-02)
The lack of forces, equipment, personnel, materiel, or capability, reflected as the difference between the resources identified as a plan requirement and those apportioned to a combatant commander for planning, that would adversely affect the command’s ability to accomplish its mission.
attack heading
attack heading (JP 1-02)
short-range air defense engagement zone
short-range air defense engagement zone (JP 1-02)
In air defense, that airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with short-range air defense weapons and may be established within a low- or highaltitude missile engagement zone.
short-range ballistic missile
short-range ballistic missile (JP 1-02)
A land-based ballistic missile with a range capability up to about 600 nautical miles.
short supply
short supply (JP 1-02)
An item is in short supply when the total of stock on hand and anticipated receipts during a given period are less than the total estimated demand during that period.
short takeoff and landing
short takeoff and landing (JP 1-02)
(*) The ability of an aircraft to clear a 50-foot (15 meters) obstacle within 1,500 feet (450 meters) of commencing takeoff or in landing, to stop within 1,500 feet (450 meters) after passing over a 50-foot (15 meters) obstacle. 285
short takeoff and vertical landing aircraft
short takeoff and vertical landing aircraft (JP 1-02)
(*) Fixed-wing aircraft capable of clearing a 15-meter (50-foot) obstacle within 450 meters (1,500 feet) of commencing takeoff run, and capable of landing vertically.
short title
short title (JP 1-02)
A short, identifying combination of letters, and/or numbers assigned to a document or device for purposes of brevity and/or security.
show of force
show of force (JP 1-02)
An operation designed to demonstrate US resolve that involves increased visibility of US deployed forces in an attempt to defuse a specific situation that, if allowed to continue, may be detrimental to US interests or national objectives.
side-looking airborne radar
side-looking airborne radar (JP 1-02)
(*) An airborne radar, viewing at right angles to the axis of the vehicle, which produces a presentation of terrain or moving targets.
signal operating instructions
signal operating instructions (JP 1-02)
A series of orders issued for technical control and coordination of the signal communication activities of a command. In Marine Corps usage, these instructions are designated communication operation instructions.
signal security
signal security (JP 1-02)
A generic term that includes both communications security and electronics security.
attack pattern
attack pattern (JP 1-02)
The type and distribution of targets under attack.
signals intelligence
signals intelligence (JP 1-02)
signals intelligence operational control
signals intelligence operational control (JP 1-02)
The authoritative direction of signals intelligence activities, including tasking and allocation of effort, and the authoritative prescription of those uniform techniques and standards by which signals intelligence information is collected, processed, and reported.
signals intelligence operational tasking authority
signals intelligence operational tasking authority (JP 1-02)
A military commander’s authority to operationally direct and levy signals intelligence requirements on designated signals intelligence resources; includes authority to deploy and redeploy all or part of the signals intelligence resources for which signals intelligence operational tasking authority has been delegated.
significant wave height
significant wave height (JP 1-02)
The average height of the third of waves observed during a given period of time. Significant wave height is used for evaluating the impact of waves and breakers on watercraft in the open sea and surf zones.
Silver Triangle
Silver Triangle (JP 1-02)
The South American region consisting of Peru, Bolivia, and Colombia that is historically known to be a major illegal drug production area.
simultaneous engagement
simultaneous engagement (JP 1-02)
The concurrent engagement of hostile targets by combination of interceptor aircraft and surface-to-air missiles.
single-anchor leg mooring
single-anchor leg mooring (JP 1-02)
A mooring facility dedicated to the offshore petroleum discharge system. Once installed, it permits a tanker to remain on station and pump in much higher sea states than is possible with a spread moor.
single integrated theater logistic manager
single integrated theater logistic manager (JP 1-02)
Service component or agency, usually in a mature theater, that is designated by the combatant commander or subunified commander as the single in-theater manager for planning and execution of a specific common-user logistic (CUL) item or related items. Single integrated logistic managers are normally long-term in nature with responsibilities that include planning, coordination, control, and execution of a specific CUL function (or similar CUL functions) at the theater level, in both peacetime and during actual operations, within the parameters of combatant commander’s directives.
single manager for transportation
single manager for transportation (JP 1-02)
The United States Transportation Command is the Department of Defense single manager for transportation, other than Service-organic or theater-assigned transportation assets.
single port manager
single port manager (JP 1-02)
The transportation component, designated by the Department of Defense through the US Transportation Command, responsible for management of all common-user aerial and seaports worldwide.
attack position
attack position (JP 1-02)
The last position occupied by the assault echelon before crossing the line of departure.
single-service manager
single-service manager (JP 1-02)
A Service component commander who is assigned the responsibility and delegated the authority to coordinate and/or perform specified personnel support or personnel service support functions in the theater of operations.
site exploitation
site exploitation (JP 1-02)
A series of activities to recognize, collect, process, preserve, and analyze information, personnel, and/or materiel found during the conduct of operations.
situation report
situation report (JP 1-02)
A report giving the situation in the area of a reporting unit or formation.
situation template
situation template (JP 1-02)
A depiction of assumed adversary dispositions, based on that adversary’s preferred method of operations and the impact of the operational environment if the adversary should adopt a particular course of action.
618th Tanker Airlift Control Center
618th Tanker Airlift Control Center (JP 1-02)
The Air Mobility Command direct reporting unit responsible for tasking and controlling operational missions for all activities involving forces supporting US Transportation Command’s global air mobility mission. The Tanker Airlift Control Center is comprised of the following functions: current operations, command and control, logistic operations, aerial port operations, aeromedical evacuation, flight planning, diplomatic clearances, and weather.
slant range
slant range (JP 1-02)
(*) The line of sight distance between two points, not at the same level relative to a specific datum.
slice
slice (JP 1-02)
An average logistic planning factor used to obtain estimates of requirements for personnel and materiel. (e.g., a personnel slice generally consists of the total strength of the stated basic combatant elements, plus its proportionate share of all supporting and higher headquarters personnel.)
slightly wounded
slightly wounded (JP 1-02)
A casualty whose injuries or illness are relatively minor, permitting the patient to walk and/or sit.
small arms
small arms (JP 1-02)
Man portable, individual, and crew-served weapon systems used mainly against personnel and lightly armored or unarmored equipment.
small arms ammunition
small arms ammunition (JP 1-02)
Ammunition for small arms, i.e., all ammunition up to and including 20 millimeters (.787 inches).
attack the network operations
attack the network operations (JP 1-02)
Lethal and nonlethal actions and operations against networks conducted continuously and simultaneously at multiple levels (tactical, operational, and strategic) that capitalize on or create key vulnerabilities and disrupt activities to eliminate the enemy’s ability to function in order to enable success of the operation or campaign.
small-scale map
small-scale map (JP 1-02)
A map having a scale smaller than 1:600,000.
sociocultural factors
sociocultural factors (JP 1-02)
The social, cultural, and behavioral factors characterizing the relationships and activities of the population of a specific region or operational environment.
solatium
solatium (JP 1-02)
Monetary compensation given in areas where it is culturally appropriate to alleviate grief, suffering, and anxiety resulting from injuries, death, and property loss with a monetary payment.
sortie
sortie (JP 1-02)
In air operations, an operational flight by one aircraft.
sortie allotment message
sortie allotment message (JP 1-02)
The means by which the joint force commander allots excess sorties to meet requirements of subordinate commanders that are expressed in their air employment and/or allocation plan.
sorting
sorting (JP 1-02)
In counterdrug operations, the process involved in differentiating traffic which could be involved in drug trafficking from legitimate air traffic.
source
source (JP 1-02)
source management
source management (JP 1-02)
The process of registering and monitoring the use of sources involved in counterintelligence and human intelligence operations to protect the security of the operations and avoid conflicts among operational elements.
source registry
source registry (JP 1-02)
A source record/catalogue of leads and sources acquired by collectors and centralized for management, coordination and deconfliction of source operations.
space
space (JP 1-02)
A medium like the land, sea, and air within which military activities shall be conducted to achieve US national security objectives.
adjust
adjust (JP 1-02)
An order to the observer or spotter to initiate an adjustment on a designated target.
attack timing
attack timing (JP 1-02)
The predicted or actual time of bursts, impacts, or arrival of weapons at their intended targets.
space asset
space asset (JP 1-02)
Any individual part of a space system as follows. (1) Equipment that is or can be placed in space (e.g., a satellite or a launch vehicle). (2) Terrestrially-based equipment that directly supports space activity (e.g., a satellite ground station).
space assignment
space assignment (JP 1-02)
An assignment to the individual Departments/Services by the appropriate transportation operating agency of movement capability which completely or partially satisfies the stated requirements of the Departments/Services for the operating month and that has been accepted by them without the necessity for referral to the Joint Transportation Board for allocation.
space-based infrared system
space-based infrared system (JP 1-02)
A consolidated system for infrared space, air, and terrestrial surveillance and reconnaissance along with associated communications links, designed to meet missile defense, missile warning and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance mission requirements.
space capability
space capability (JP 1-02)
space control
space control (JP 1-02)
Operations to ensure freedom of action in space for the US and its allies and, when directed, deny an adversary freedom of action in space. The space control 289 mission area includes: operations conducted to protect friendly space capabilities from attack, interference, or unintentional hazards (defensive space control); operations to deny an adversary’s use of space capabilities (offensive space control); supported by the requisite current and predictive knowledge of the space environment and the operational environment upon which space operations depend (space situational awareness).
space coordinating authority
space coordinating authority (JP 1-02)
A commander responsible for coordinating joint space operations and integrating space capabilities in the operational area.
space environment
space environment (JP 1-02)
The environment corresponding to the space domain, where electromagnetic radiation, charged particles, and electric and magnetic fields are the dominant physical influences, and that encompasses the earth’s ionosphere and magnetosphere, interplanetary space, and the solar atmosphere.
space force application
space force application (JP 1-02)
Combat operations in, through, and from space to influence the course and outcome of conflict. The space force application mission area includes ballistic missile defense and force projection.
space force enhancement
space force enhancement (JP 1-02)
Combat support operations and force-multiplying capabilities delivered from space systems to improve the effectiveness of military forces as well as support other intelligence, civil, and commercial users. The space force enhancement mission area includes: intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance; integrated tactical warning and attack assessment; command, control, and communications; positioning, navigation, and timing; and environmental monitoring.
space forces
space forces (JP 1-02)
The space and terrestrial systems, equipment, facilities, organizations, and personnel necessary to access, use and, if directed, control space for national security.
augmentation forces
augmentation forces (JP 1-02)
Forces to be transferred from a supporting combatant commander to the combatant command (command authority) or operational control of a supported combatant commander during the execution of an operation order approved by the President and Secretary of Defense.
space power
space power (JP 1-02)
The total strength of a nation’s capabilities to conduct and influence activities to, in, through, and from space to achieve its objectives.
space sensor
space sensor (JP 1-02)
An instrument or mechanical device mounted on a space platform or space vehicle for collecting information or detecting activity or conditions either in space or in a terrestrial medium.
space situational awareness
space situational awareness (JP 1-02)
The requisite current and predictive knowledge of the space environment and the operational environment upon which space operations
depend
depend (JP 1-02)
including physical, virtual, and human domains — as well as all factors, 290 activities, and events of friendly and adversary space forces across the spectrum of conflict.
space superiority
space superiority (JP 1-02)
The degree of dominance in space of one force over another that permits the conduct of operations by the former and its related land, maritime, air, space, and special operations forces at a given time and place without prohibitive interference by the opposing force.
space support
space support (JP 1-02)
Operations to deploy and sustain military and intelligence systems in space. The space support mission area includes launching and deploying space vehicles, maintaining and sustaining spacecraft on-orbit, rendezvous and proximity operations, disposing of (including deorbiting and recovering) space capabilities, and reconstitution of space forces, if required.
space surveillance
space surveillance (JP 1-02)
The observation of space and of the activities occurring in space. This mission is normally accomplished with the aid of ground-based radars and electrooptical sensors. This term is separate and distinct from the intelligence collection mission conducted by space-based sensors which surveil terrestrial activity.
space systems
space systems (JP 1-02)
All of the devices and organizations forming the space network. These consist of: spacecraft; mission packages(s); ground stations; data links among spacecraft, mission or user terminals, which may include initial reception, processing, and exploitation; launch systems; and directly related supporting infrastructure, including space surveillance and battle management and/or command and control.
space weather
space weather (JP 1-02)
The conditions and phenomena in space and specifically in the near-Earth environment that may affect space assets or space operations. Space weather may impact spacecraft and ground-based systems. Space weather is influenced by phenomena such as solar flare activity, ionospheric variability, energetic particle events, and geophysical events.
special access program
special access program (JP 1-02)
A sensitive program, approved in writing by a head of agency with original top secret classification authority, that imposes need-to-know and access controls beyond those normally provided for access to confidential, secret, or top secret information. The level of controls is based on the criticality of the program and the assessed hostile intelligence threat. The program may be an acquisition program, an intelligence program, or an operations and support program.
authenticate
authenticate (JP 1-02)
A challenge given by voice or electrical means to attest to the authenticity of a person, message, or transmission.
special actions
special actions (JP 1-02)
Those functions that due to particular sensitivities, compartmentation, or caveats cannot be conducted in normal staff channels and therefore require extraordinary processes and procedures and may involve the use of sensitive capabilities.
special air operation
special air operation (JP 1-02)
An air operation conducted in support of special operations and other clandestine, covert, and psychological activities.
special assignment airlift requirements
special assignment airlift requirements (JP 1-02)
Airlift requirements, including Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff -directed or -coordinated exercises, that require special consideration due to the number of passengers involved, weight or size of cargo, urgency of movement, sensitivity, or other valid factors that preclude the use of channel airlift.
special boat squadron
special boat squadron (JP 1-02)
A permanent Navy echelon III major command to which two or more special boat units are assigned for some operational and all administrative purposes. The squadron is tasked with the training and deployment of these special boat units and may augment naval special warfare task groups and task units.
special boat team
special boat team (JP 1-02)
United States Navy forces organized, trained, and equipped to conduct or support special operations with combatant craft and other small craft.
special cargo
special cargo (JP 1-02)
Cargo that requires special handling or protection, such as pyrotechnics, detonators, watches, and precision instruments.
special event
special event (JP 1-02)
An international or domestic event, contest, activity, or meeting, which by its very nature, or by specific statutory or regulatory authority, may warrant security, safety, and/or other logistical support or assistance from the Department of Defense. (DODD 3025.18)
special events for homeland security
special events for homeland security (JP 1-02)
Those special events designated as having an impact on homeland security.
special forces
special forces (JP 1-02)
US Army forces organized, trained, and equipped to conduct special operations with an emphasis on unconventional warfare capabilities.
special forces group
special forces group (JP 1-02)
The largest Army combat element for special operations consisting of command and control, special forces battalions, and a support battalion capable of long duration missions.
authentication
authentication (JP 1-02)
special information operations
special information operations (JP 1-02)
Information operations that by their sensitive nature and due to their potential effect or impact, security requirements, or risk to the national security of the United States, require a special review and approval process.
specialization
specialization (JP 1-02)
An arrangement within an alliance wherein a member or group of members most suited by virtue of technical skills, location, or other qualifications 292 assume(s) greater responsibility for a specific task or significant portion thereof for one or more other members.
special mission unit
special mission unit (JP 1-02)
A generic term to represent a group of operations and support personnel from designated organizations that is task-organized to perform highly classified activities.
special operations
special operations (JP 1-02)
Operations requiring unique modes of employment, tactical techniques, equipment and training often conducted in hostile, denied, or politically sensitive environments and characterized by one or more of the following: time sensitive, clandestine, low visibility, conducted with and/or through indigenous forces, requiring regional expertise, and/or a high degree of risk.
special operations combat control team
special operations combat control team (JP 1-02)
A team of Air Force personnel organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. Under clandestine, covert, or low-visibility conditions, these teams establish and control air assault zones; assist aircraft by verbal control, positioning, and operating navigation aids; conduct limited offensive direct action and special reconnaissance operations; and assist in the insertion and extraction of special operations forces.
special operations command
special operations command (JP 1-02)
A subordinate unified or other joint command established by a joint force commander to plan, coordinate, conduct, and support joint special operations within the joint force commander’s assigned operational area.
special operations command and control element
special operations command and control element (JP 1-02)
A special operations element that is the focal point for the synchronization of special operations forces activities with conventional forces activities.
special operations forces
special operations forces (JP 1-02)
Those Active and Reserve Component forces of the Military Services designated by the Secretary of Defense and specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations.
special operations liaison element
special operations liaison element (JP 1-02)
A special operations liaison team provided by the joint force special operations component commander to the joint force air component commander (if designated), or appropriate Service component air command and control organization, to coordinate, deconflict, and integrate special operations air, surface, and subsurface operations with conventional air operations.
special operations mission planning folder
special operations mission planning folder (JP 1-02)
The package that contains the materials required to execute a given special operations mission. It will include the mission tasking letter, mission tasking package, original feasibility assessment (as desired), initial assessment (as desired), target intelligence package, plan of execution, infiltration and exfiltration plan of execution, and other documentation as required or desired.
authenticator
authenticator (JP 1-02)
A symbol or group of symbols, or a series of bits, selected or derived in a prearranged manner and usually inserted at a predetermined point within a message or transmission for the purpose of attesting to the validity of the message or transmission.
special operations naval mobile environment team
special operations naval mobile environment team (JP 1-02)
A team of Navy personnel organized, trained, and equipped to support naval special warfare forces by providing weather, oceanographic, mapping, charting, and geodesy support.
special operations-peculiar
special operations-peculiar (JP 1-02)
Equipment, material, supplies, and services required for special operations missions for which there is no Service-common requirement.
special operations weather team
special operations weather team (JP 1-02)
A task organized team of Air Force personnel organized, trained, and equipped to collect critical environmental information from data sparse areas.
special operations wing
special operations wing (JP 1-02)
An Air Force special operations wing.
special reconnaissance
special reconnaissance (JP 1-02)
Reconnaissance and surveillance actions conducted as a special operation in hostile, denied, or politically sensitive environments to collect or verify information of strategic or operational significance, employing military capabilities not normally found in conventional forces.
special staff
special staff (JP 1-02)
All staff officers having duties at a headquarters and not included in the general (coordinating) staff group or in the personal staff group. The special staff includes certain technical specialists and heads of services, e.g., quartermaster officer, antiaircraft officer, transportation officer, etc.
special tactics team
special tactics team (JP 1-02)
An Air Force task-organized element of special tactics that may include combat control, pararescue, tactical air control party, and special operations weather personnel.
specified combatant command
specified combatant command (JP 1-02)
See specified command.
specified command
specified command (JP 1-02)
A command that has a broad, continuing mission, normally functional, and is established and so designated by the President through the Secretary of Defense with the advice and assistance of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It normally is composed of forces from a single Military Department.
specified task
specified task (JP 1-02)
In the context of joint operation planning, a task that is specifically assigned to an organization by its higher headquarters.
authorized departure
authorized departure (JP 1-02)
A procedure, short of ordered departure, by which mission employees or dependents or both, are permitted to leave post in advance of normal rotation when the national interests or imminent threat to life require it.
split-mission oriented protective posture
split-mission oriented protective posture (JP 1-02)
The concept of maintaining heightened protective posture only in those areas (or zones) that are contaminated, allowing personnel in uncontaminated areas to continue to operate in a reduced posture.
spoke
spoke (JP 1-02)
The portion of the hub and spoke distribution system that refers to transportation mode operators responsible for scheduled delivery to a customer of the “hub”.
spot
spot (JP 1-02)
spot net
spot net (JP 1-02)
Radio communication net used by a spotter in calling fire.
spot report
spot report (JP 1-02)
A concise narrative report of essential information covering events or conditions that may have an immediate and significant effect on current planning and operations that is afforded the most expeditious means of transmission consistent with requisite security. (Note: In reconnaissance and surveillance usage, spot report is not to be used.)
spotter
spotter (JP 1-02)
1. An observer stationed for the purpose of observing and reporting results of naval gunfire to the firing agency and who also may be employed in designating targets.
spotting
spotting (JP 1-02)
Parking aircraft in an approved shipboard landing site.
spreader bar
spreader bar (JP 1-02)
A device specially designed to permit the lifting and handling of containers or vehicles and breakbulk cargo.
squadron
squadron (JP 1-02)
stability operations
stability operations (JP 1-02)
An overarching term encompassing various military missions, tasks, and activities conducted outside the United States in coordination with other instruments of national power to maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment, 295 provide essential governmental services, emergency infrastructure reconstruction, and humanitarian relief.
automated identification technology
automated identification technology (JP 1-02)
A suite of tools for facilitating total asset visibility source data capture and transfer. Automated identification technology includes a variety of devices, such as bar codes, magnetic strips, optical memory cards, and radio frequency tags for marking or “tagging” individual items, multi-packs, equipment, air pallets, or containers, along with the hardware and software required to create the 26 devices, read the information on them, and integrate that information with other logistic information.
stabilized patient
stabilized patient (JP 1-02)
A patient whose airway is secured, hemorrhage is controlled, shock treated, and fractures are immobilized.
stable patient
stable patient (JP 1-02)
A patient for whom no inflight medical intervention is expected but the potential for medical intervention exists.
staff judge advocate
staff judge advocate (JP 1-02)
A judge advocate so designated in the Army, Air Force, or Marine Corps, and the principal legal advisor of a Navy, Coast Guard, or joint force command who is a judge advocate.
staged crews
staged crews (JP 1-02)
Aircrews specifically positioned at intermediate airfields to take over aircraft operating on air routes, thus relieving complementary crews of flying fatigue and speeding up the flow rate of the aircraft concerned.
staging
staging (JP 1-02)
Assembling, holding, and organizing arriving personnel, equipment, and sustaining materiel in preparation for onward movement. The organizing and preparation for movement of personnel, equipment, and materiel at designated areas to incrementally build forces capable of meeting the operational commander’s requirements.
staging area
staging area (JP 1-02)
Amphibious or airborne staging area
Amphibious or airborne staging area (JP 1-02)
A general locality between the mounting area and the objective of an amphibious or airborne expedition, through which the expedition or parts thereof pass after mounting, for refueling, regrouping of ships, and/or exercise, inspection, and redistribution of troops.
Staging area (Other mouvements)
Staging area (Other mouvements) (JP 1-02)
A general locality established for the concentration of troop units and transient personnel between movements over the lines of communications.
staging base
staging base (JP 1-02)
standardization
standardization (JP 1-02)
The process by which the Department of Defense achieves the closest practicable cooperation among the Services and Department of Defense agencies for the most efficient use of research, development, and production resources, and agrees to adopt on the broadest possible basis the use of: a. common or compatible operational, administrative, and logistic procedures; b. common or compatible technical procedures and criteria; c. common, compatible, or interchangeable supplies, components, weapons, or equipment; and d. common or compatible tactical doctrine with corresponding organizational compatibility.
standard operating procedure
standard operating procedure (JP 1-02)
A set of instructions covering those features of operations which lend themselves to a definite or standardized procedure without loss of effectiveness. The procedure is applicable unless ordered otherwise.
Automated Repatriation Reporting System
Automated Repatriation Reporting System (JP 1-02)
The Defense Manpower Data Center uses this system to track the status of noncombatant evacuees after they have arrived in an initial safe haven in the United States.
standard use Army aircraft flight route
standard use Army aircraft flight route (JP 1-02)
Route established below the coordinating altitude to facilitate the movement of Army aviation assets. Route is normally located in the corps through brigade rear areas of operation and do not require approval by the airspace control authority.
Standby Reserve
Standby Reserve (JP 1-02)
Those units and members of the Reserve Component (other than those in the Ready Reserve or Retired Reserve) who are liable for active duty only, as provided in Title 10, United States Code, Sections 10151, 12301, and 12306.
standing joint force headquarters
standing joint force headquarters (JP 1-02)
A staff organization operating under a flag or general officer providing a combatant commander with a full-time, trained joint command and control element integrated into the combatant commander’s staff whose focus is on contingency and crisis action planning.
standing operating procedure
standing operating procedure (JP 1-02)
See standard operating procedure.
standing rules for the use of force
standing rules for the use of force (JP 1-02)
Preapproved directives issued to guide United States forces on the use of force during various operations. These directives may take the form of execute orders, deployment orders, memoranda of agreement, or plans.
stateless person
stateless person (JP 1-02)
A person who is not considered as a national by any state under the operation of its law.
station time
station time (JP 1-02)
In air transport operations, the time at which crews, passengers, and cargo are to be on board and ready for the flight.
status-of-forces agreement
status-of-forces agreement (JP 1-02)
An agreement that defines the legal position of a visiting military force deployed in the territory of a friendly state. Agreements delineating the status of visiting military forces may be bilateral or multilateral. Provisions pertaining to the status of visiting forces may be set forth in a separate agreement, or they may form a part of a more comprehensive agreement. These provisions describe how the authorities of a visiting force may control members of that force and the amenability of the force or its members to the local law or to the authority of local officials.
sterilizer
sterilizer (JP 1-02)
In mine warfare, a device included in mines to render the mine permanently inoperative on expiration of a pre-determined time after laying.
stick commander (air transport)
stick commander (air transport) (JP 1-02)
A designated individual who controls paratroops from the time they enter the aircraft until their exit.
automatic approach and landing
automatic approach and landing (JP 1-02)
A control mode in which the aircraft’s speed and flight path are automatically controlled for approach, flare-out, and landing.
stimulants
stimulants (JP 1-02)
Controlled drugs that make the user feel stronger, more decisive, and selfpossessed; includes cocaine and amphetamines.
stockage objective
stockage objective (JP 1-02)
The maximum quantities of materiel to be maintained on hand to sustain current operations. It will consist of the sum of stocks represented by the operating level and the safety level.
Stock Number
Stock Number (JP 1-02)
See national stock number.
stockpile to target sequence
stockpile to target sequence (JP 1-02)
stop-loss
stop-loss (JP 1-02)
Presidential authority under Title 10, United States Code, Section 12305 to suspend laws relating to promotion, retirement, or separation of any member of the Armed Forces determined essential to the national security of the United States (“laws relating to promotion” broadly includes, among others, grade tables, current general or flag officer authorizations, and E8 and 9 limits). This authority may be exercised by the President only if reservists are serving on active duty under Title 10, United States Code authorities for Presidential Reserve Call-up, partial mobilization, or full mobilization.
stowage
stowage (JP 1-02)
The method of placing cargo into a single hold or compartment of a ship to prevent damage, shifting, etc.
stowage factor
stowage factor (JP 1-02)
The number that expresses the space, in cubic feet, occupied by a long ton of any commodity as prepared for shipment, including all crating or packaging.
stowage plan
stowage plan (JP 1-02)
A completed stowage diagram showing what materiel has been loaded and its stowage location in each hold, between-deck compartment, or other space in a ship, including deck space.
strafing
strafing (JP 1-02)
The delivery of automatic weapons fire by aircraft on ground targets.
strapping
strapping (JP 1-02)
automation network
automation network (JP 1-02)
The automation network combines all of the information collection devices, automatic identification technologies, and the automated information systems that either support or facilitate the joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration process.
strategic air transport
strategic air transport (JP 1-02)
The movement of personnel and materiel by air in accordance with a strategic plan.
strategic communication
strategic communication (JP 1-02)
Focused United States Government efforts to understand and engage key audiences to create, strengthen, or preserve conditions favorable for the advancement of United States Government interests, policies, and objectives through the use of coordinated programs, plans, themes, messages, and products synchronized with the actions of all instruments of national power.
strategic concept
strategic concept (JP 1-02)
The course of action accepted as the result of the estimate of the strategic situation which is a statement of what is to be done in broad terms.
strategic debriefing
strategic debriefing (JP 1-02)
Debriefing activity conducted to collect information or to verify previously collected information in response to national or theater level collection priorities.
strategic direction
strategic direction (JP 1-02)
The processes and products by which the President, Secretary of Defense, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff provide strategic guidance to the Joint Staff, combatant commands, Services, and combat support agencies.
strategic estimate
strategic estimate (JP 1-02)
The broad range of strategic factors that influence the commander’s understanding of its operational environment and its determination of missions, objectives, and courses of action.
strategic intelligence
strategic intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence required for the formation of policy and military plans at national and international levels. Strategic intelligence and tactical intelligence differ primarily in level of application, but may also vary in terms of scope and detail.
strategic level of war
strategic level of war (JP 1-02)
The level of war at which a nation, often as a member of a group of nations, determines national or multinational (alliance or coalition) strategic security objectives and guidance, then develops and uses national resources to achieve those objectives.
strategic mission
strategic mission (JP 1-02)
A mission directed against one or more of a selected series of enemy targets with the purpose of progressive destruction and disintegration of the enemy’s warmaking capacity and will to make war. Targets include key manufacturing systems, sources of raw material, critical material, stockpiles, power systems, transportation systems, communication facilities, and other such target systems. As opposed to tactical operations, strategic operations are designed to have a long-range rather than immediate effect on the enemy and its military forces. 299
strategic plan
strategic plan (JP 1-02)
A plan for the overall conduct of a war.
administrative contracting officer
administrative contracting officer (JP 1-02)
Contracting officer whose primary duties involve contract administration.
autonomous operation
autonomous operation (JP 1-02)
In air defense, the mode of operation assumed by a unit after it has lost all communications with higher echelonsforcing the unit commander to assume full responsibility for control of weapons and engagement of hostile targets.
strategic sealift
strategic sealift (JP 1-02)
The afloat pre-positioning and ocean movement of military materiel in support of US and multinational forces.
strategic sealift forces
strategic sealift forces (JP 1-02)
Sealift forces composed of ships, cargo handling and delivery systems, and the necessary operating personnel. They include US Navy, US Marine Corps, and US Army elements with Active and Reserve components. Merchant marine vessels manned by civilian mariners may constitute part of this force.
strategic sealift shipping
strategic sealift shipping (JP 1-02)
Common-user ships of the Military Sealift Command force, including pre-positioned ships after their pre-positioning mission has been completed and they have been returned to the operational control of the Military Sealift Command.
strategic vulnerability
strategic vulnerability (JP 1-02)
The susceptibility of vital instruments of national power to being seriously decreased or adversely changed by the application of actions within the capability of another nation to impose. Strategic vulnerability may pertain to political, geographic, economic, informational, scientific, sociological, or military factors.
strategic warning
strategic warning (JP 1-02)
A warning prior to the initiation of a threatening act.
strategy
strategy (JP 1-02)
A prudent idea or set of ideas for employing the instruments of national power in a synchronized and integrated fashion to achieve theater, national, and/or multinational objectives.
stretcher
stretcher (JP 1-02)
See litter.
strike
strike (JP 1-02)
An attack to damage or destroy an objective or a capability.
strike coordination and reconnaissance
strike coordination and reconnaissance (JP 1-02)
A mission flown for the purpose of detecting targets and coordinating or performing attack or reconnaissance on those targets.
strikedown
strikedown (JP 1-02)
The movement of aircraft from the flight deck to the hangar deck level.
available-to-load date
available-to-load date (JP 1-02)
A date specified for each unit in a time-phased force and deployment data indicating when that unit will be ready to load at the point of embarkation.
stuffing
stuffing (JP 1-02)
Packing of cargo into a container.
submarine operating authority
submarine operating authority (JP 1-02)
The naval commander exercising operational control of submarines. 300
submarine patrol area
submarine patrol area (JP 1-02)
A restricted area established to allow submarine operations: a. unimpeded by the operation of, or possible attack from, friendly forces in wartime; b. without submerged mutual interference in peacetime.
subordinate campaign plan
subordinate campaign plan (JP 1-02)
A combatant command prepared plan that satisfies the requirements under a Department of Defense campaign plan, which, depending upon the circumstances, transitions to a supported or supporting plan in execution.
subordinate command
subordinate command (JP 1-02)
A command consisting of the commander and all those individuals, units, detachments, organizations, or installations that have been placed under the command by the authority establishing the subordinate command.
subordinate unified command
subordinate unified command (JP 1-02)
A command established by commanders of unified commands, when so authorized by the Secretary of Defense through the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, to conduct operations on a continuing basis in accordance with the criteria set forth for unified commands. A subordinate unified command may be established on an area or functional basis. Commanders of subordinate unified commands have functions and responsibilities similar to those of the commanders of unified commands and exercise operational control of assigned commands and forces within the assigned operational area.
subscription
subscription (JP 1-02)
An agreement by a nation’s Military Services to agree to accept and abide by, with or without reservation, the details of a standardization agreement.
subsidiary landing
subsidiary landing (JP 1-02)
In an amphibious operation, a landing usually made outside the designated landing area, the purpose of which is to support the main landing.
subunified command
subunified command (JP 1-02)
See subordinate unified command.
subversion
subversion (JP 1-02)
Actions designed to undermine the military, economic, psychological, or political strength or morale of a governing authority.
avenue of approach
avenue of approach (JP 1-02)
An air or ground route of an attacking force of a given size leading to its objective or to key terrain in its path.
subversive political action
subversive political action (JP 1-02)
A planned series of activities designed to accomplish political objectives by influencing, dominating, or displacing individuals or groups who are so placed as to affect the decisions and actions of another government.
summit
summit (JP 1-02)
The highest altitude above mean sea level that a projectile reaches in its flight from the gun to the target; the algebraic sum of the maximum ordinate and the altitude of the gun.
sun-synchronous orbit
sun-synchronous orbit (JP 1-02)
An orbit in which the satellite’s orbital plane is at a fixed orientation to the sun, i.e., the orbit precesses about the earth at the same rate that the 301 earth orbits the sun. It has the characteristics of maintaining similar sun angles along its ground trace for all orbits, and typically has an inclination from 96 to 98 degrees, depending on the orbit altitude and orbit shape (eccentricity).
supercargo
supercargo (JP 1-02)
Personnel that accompany cargo on board a ship for the purpose of accomplishing en route maintenance and security.
supplies
supplies (JP 1-02)
In logistics, all materiel and items used in the equipment, support, and maintenance of military forces.
supply
supply (JP 1-02)
The procurement, distribution, maintenance while in storage, and salvage of supplies, including the determination of kind and quantity of supplies.
producer phase
producer phase (JP 1-02)
That phase of military supply that extends from determination of procurement schedules to acceptance of finished supplies by the Military Services.
Consumer phase
Consumer phase (JP 1-02)
That phase of military supply which extends from receipt of finished supplies by the Military Services through issue for use or consumption.
supply by air
supply by air (JP 1-02)
See airdrop; air movement.
supply chain
supply chain (JP 1-02)
The linked activities associated with providing materiel from a raw materiel stage to an end user as a finished product.
aviation medicine
aviation medicine (JP 1-02)
(*) The special field of medicine which is related to the biological and psychological problems of flight.
supply chain management
supply chain management (JP 1-02)
A cross-functional approach to procuring, producing, and delivering products and services to customers. The broad management scope includes subsuppliers, suppliers, internal information, and funds flow.
supply management
supply management (JP 1-02)
supply support activity
supply support activity (JP 1-02)
Activities assigned a Department of Defense activity address code and that have a supply support mission, i.e., direct support supply units, missile support elements, and maintenance support units.
support
support (JP 1-02)
support agency
support agency (JP 1-02)
A federal department or agency designated to assist a specific primary agency with available resources, capabilities, or expertise in support of emergency support response operations, as coordinated by the representative of the primary agency.
supported commander
supported commander (JP 1-02)
supported unit
supported unit (JP 1-02)
As related to contracted support, a supported unit is the organization that is the recipient, but not necessarily the requester of, contractor-provided support.
supporting arms
supporting arms (JP 1-02)
Weapons and weapons systems of all types employed to support forces by indirect or direct fire.
supporting arms coordination center
supporting arms coordination center (JP 1-02)
A single location on board an amphibious command ship in which all communication facilities incident to the coordination of fire support of the artillery, air, and naval gunfire are centralized. This is the naval counterpart to the fire support coordination center utilized by the landing force.
supporting commander
supporting commander (JP 1-02)
aviation ship
aviation ship (JP 1-02)
An aircraft carrier.
supporting fire
supporting fire (JP 1-02)
Fire delivered by supporting units to assist or protect a unit in combat.
supporting operations
supporting operations (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, those operations conducted by forces other than those conducted by the amphibious force.
supporting plan
supporting plan (JP 1-02)
An operation plan prepared by a supporting commander, a subordinate commander, or an agency to satisfy the requests or requirements of the supported commander’s plan.
support items
support items (JP 1-02)
Items subordinate to or associated with an end item (i.e., spares, repair parts, tools, test equipment, and sundry materiel) and required to operate, service, repair, or overhaul an end item. 303
suppression
suppression (JP 1-02)
Temporary or transient degradation by an opposing force of the performance of a weapons system below the level needed to fulfill its mission objectives.
suppression mission
suppression mission (JP 1-02)
A mission to suppress an actual or suspected weapons system for the purpose of degrading its performance below the level needed to fulfill its mission objectives at a specific time for a specified duration.
suppression of enemy air defenses
suppression of enemy air defenses (JP 1-02)
Activity that neutralizes, destroys, or temporarily degrades surface-based enemy air defenses by destructive and/or disruptive means.
suppressive fire
suppressive fire (JP 1-02)
Fires on or about a weapons system to degrade its performance below the level needed to fulfill its mission objectives, during the conduct of the fire mission.
surface action group
surface action group (JP 1-02)
A temporary or standing organization of combatant ships, other than carriers, tailored for a specific tactical mission. See group; mission.
surface combatant
surface combatant (JP 1-02)
A ship constructed and armed for combat use with the capability to conduct operations in multiple maritime roles against air, surface and subsurface threats, and land targets.
axis of advance
axis of advance (JP 1-02)
A line of advance assigned for purposes of control; often a road or a group of roads, or a designated series of locations, extending in the direction of the enemy.
Surface Deployment and Distribution Command
Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (JP 1-02)
A major command of the US Army, and the US Transportation Command’s component command responsible for designated continental United States land transportation as well as common-user water terminal and traffic management service to deploy, employ, sustain, and redeploy US forces on a global basis.
surface smuggling event
surface smuggling event (JP 1-02)
In counterdrug operations, the sighting of a suspected drug smuggling vessel or arrival of a suspected drug smuggling vessel.
surface-to-air missile site
surface-to-air missile site (JP 1-02)
A plot of ground prepared in such a manner that it will readily accept the hardware used in surface-to-air missile system.
surface-to-air weapon
surface-to-air weapon (JP 1-02)
A surface-launched weapon for use against airborne targets. Examples include missiles, rockets, and air defense guns.
surface warfare
surface warfare (JP 1-02)
That portion of maritime warfare in which operations are conducted to destroy or neutralize enemy naval surface forces and merchant vessels.
surf line
surf line (JP 1-02)
The point offshore where waves and swells are affected by the underwater surface and become breakers.
surf zone
surf zone (JP 1-02)
The area of water from the surf line to the beach.
surveillance
surveillance (JP 1-02)
The systematic observation of aerospace, surface, or subsurface areas, places, persons, or things, by visual, aural, electronic, photographic, or other means.
surveillance approach
surveillance approach (JP 1-02)
An instrument approach conducted in accordance with directions issued by a controller referring to the surveillance radar display.
survivability
survivability (JP 1-02)
All aspects of protecting personnel, weapons, and supplies while simultaneously deceiving the enemy.
azimuth
azimuth (JP 1-02)
Quantities may be expressed in positive quantities increasing in a clockwise direction, or in X, Y coordinates where south and west are negative. They may be referenced to true north or magnetic north depending on the particular weapon system used. 27 Intentionally Blank 28
survival, evasion, resistance, and escape
survival, evasion, resistance, and escape (JP 1-02)
Actions performed by isolated personnel designed to ensure their health, mobility, safety, and honor in anticipation of or preparation for their return to friendly control.
suspect
suspect (JP 1-02)
sustainment
sustainment (JP 1-02)
The provision of logistics and personnel services required to maintain and prolong operations until successful mission accomplishment.
sustainment, restoration, and modernization
sustainment, restoration, and modernization (JP 1-02)
The fuels asset sustainment program within Defense Energy Support Center that provides a long-term process to costeffectively sustain, restore, and modernize fuel facilities.
swell
swell (JP 1-02)
Ocean waves that have traveled out of their fetch. Swell characteristically exhibits a more regular and longer period and has flatter crests than waves within their fetch.
synchronization
synchronization (JP 1-02)
synchronized clock
synchronized clock (JP 1-02)
A technique of timing the delivery of fires by placing all units on a common time. The synchronized clock uses a specific hour and minute based on either local or universal time. Local time is established using the local time zone.
synthesis
synthesis (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, the examining and combining of processed information with other information and intelligence for final interpretation. 305
system
system (JP 1-02)
A functionally, physically, and/or behaviorally related group of regularly interacting or interdependent elements; that group of elements forming a unified whole.
systems support contract
systems support contract (JP 1-02)
A prearranged contract awarded by a Service acquisition program management office that provides technical support, maintenance and, in some cases, repair parts for selected military weapon and support systems.
backfill
backfill (JP 1-02)
Reserve Component units and individuals recalled to replace deploying active units and/or individuals in the continental United States and outside the continental United States.
table of allowance
table of allowance (JP 1-02)
An equipment allowance document that prescribes basic allowances of organizational equipment, and provides the control to develop, revise, or change equipment authorization inventory data.
TABOO frequencies
TABOO frequencies (JP 1-02)
Any friendly frequency of such importance that it must never be deliberately jammed or interfered with by friendly forces including international distress, safety, and controller frequencies.
tactical aeromedical evacuation
tactical aeromedical evacuation (JP 1-02)
That phase of evacuation which provides airlift for patients from the combat zone to points outside the combat zone, and between points within the communications zone.
tactical air command center
tactical air command center (JP 1-02)
The principal US Marine Corps air command and control agency from which air operations and air defense warning functions are directed. It is the senior agency of the US Marine air command and control system that serves as the operational command post of the aviation combat element commander. It provides the facility from which the aviation combat element commander and his battle staff plan, supervise, coordinate, and execute all current and future air operations in support of the Marine air-ground task force. The tactical air command center can provide integration, coordination, and direction of joint and combined air operations.
tactical air control center
tactical air control center (JP 1-02)
The principal air operations installation (ship-based) from which all aircraft and air warning functions of tactical air operations are controlled.
tactical air control party
tactical air control party (JP 1-02)
A subordinate operational component of a tactical air control system designed to provide air liaison to land forces and for the control of aircraft.
tactical air coordinator (airborne)
tactical air coordinator (airborne) (JP 1-02)
An officer who coordinates, from an aircraft, the actions of other aircraft engaged in air support of ground or sea forces.
tactical air direction center
tactical air direction center (JP 1-02)
An air operations installation under the overall control of the Navy tactical air control center or the Marine Corps tactical air command center, from which aircraft and air warning service functions of tactical air operations in support of amphibious operations are directed.
tactical airfield fuel dispensing system
tactical airfield fuel dispensing system (JP 1-02)
A tactical aircraft refueling system deployed by a Marine air-ground task force in support of air operations at an expeditionary airfield or a forward arming and refueling point.
tactical air officer (afloat)
tactical air officer (afloat) (JP 1-02)
The officer (aviator) under the amphibious task force commander who coordinates planning of all phases of air participation of the amphibious operation and air operations of supporting forces en route to and in the objective area. Until control is passed ashore, this officer exercises control over all operations of the tactical air control center (afloat) and is charged with the following: a. control of all aircraft in the objective area assigned for tactical air operations, including offensive and defensive air; b. control of all other aircraft entering or passing through the objective area; and c. control of all air warning facilities in the objective area.
backshore
backshore (JP 1-02)
The area of a beach extending from the limit of high water foam lines to dunes or extreme inland limit of the beach.
tactical air operations center
tactical air operations center (JP 1-02)
The principal air control agency of the US Marine air command and control system responsible for airspace control and management. It provides real-time surveillance, direction, positive control, and navigational assistance for friendly aircraft. It performs real-time direction and control of all antiair warfare operations, to include manned interceptors and surface-to-air weapons. It is subordinate to the tactical air command center.
tactical air support element
tactical air support element (JP 1-02)
An element of a US Army division, corps, or field army tactical operations center consisting of Army component intelligence staff officer and Army component operations staff officer air personnel who coordinate and integrate tactical air support with current tactical ground operations.
tactical air transport operations
tactical air transport operations (JP 1-02)
The carriage of passengers and cargo within a theater by means of: a. airborne operations: (1) parachute assault, (2) helicopterborne assault, (3) air landing; b. air logistic support; c. special missions; d. aeromedical evacuation missions.
tactical assembly area
tactical assembly area (JP 1-02)
An area that is generally out of the reach of light artillery and the location where units make final preparations (pre-combat checks and inspections) and rest, prior to moving to the line of departure.
tactical combat force
tactical combat force (JP 1-02)
A combat unit, with appropriate combat support and combat service support assets, that is assigned the mission of defeating Level III threats.
tactical control
tactical control (JP 1-02)
Command authority over assigned or attached forces or commands, or military capability or forces made available for tasking, that is limited to the detailed direction and control of movements or maneuvers within the operational area necessary to accomplish missions or tasks assigned. Tactical control is inherent in operational control. Tactical control may be delegated to, and exercised at any level at or below the level of combatant command. Tactical control provides sufficient authority for controlling and directing the application of force or tactical use of combat support assets within the assigned mission or task.
tactical data link
tactical data link (JP 1-02)
A Joint Staff-approved, standardized communication link suitable for transmission of digital information. Tactical digital information links interface two or more command and control or weapons systems via a single or multiple network architecture and multiple communication media for exchange of tactical information.
tactical exploitation of national capabilities
tactical exploitation of national capabilities (JP 1-02)
Congressionally mandated program to improve the combat effectiveness of the Services through more effective military use of national programs.
tactical intelligence
tactical intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence required for the planning and conduct of tactical operations.
tactical level of war
tactical level of war (JP 1-02)
The level of war at which battles and engagements are planned and executed to achieve military objectives assigned to tactical units or task forces.
backwash
backwash (JP 1-02)
An even layer of water that moves along the sea floor from the beach through the surf zone and caused by the pile-up of water on the beach from incoming breakers.
tactical-logistical group
tactical-logistical group (JP 1-02)
Representatives designated by troop commanders to assist Navy control officers aboard control ships in the ship-to-shore movement of troops, equipment, and supplies.
tactical map
tactical map (JP 1-02)
A large-scale map used for tactical and administrative purposes.
tactical minefield
tactical minefield (JP 1-02)
A minefield that is employed to directly attack enemy maneuver as part of a formation obstacle plan and is laid to delay, channel, or break up an enemy advance, giving the defending element a positional advantage over the attacker.
tactical obstacles
tactical obstacles (JP 1-02)
Those obstacles employed to disrupt enemy formations, to turn them into a desired area, to fix them in position under direct and indirect fires, and to block enemy penetrations.
tactical operations center
tactical operations center (JP 1-02)
A physical groupment of those elements of a general and special staff concerned with the current tactical operations and the tactical support thereof.
tactical questioning
tactical questioning (JP 1-02)
Direct questioning by any Department of Defense personnel of a captured or detained person to obtain time-sensitive tactical intelligence information, at or near the point of capture or detention and consistent with applicable law.
tactical recovery of aircraft and personnel
tactical recovery of aircraft and personnel (JP 1-02)
A Marine Corps mission performed by an assigned and briefed aircrew for the specific purpose of the recovery of personnel, equipment, and/or aircraft when the tactical situation precludes search and rescue assets from responding and when survivors and their location have been confirmed.
tactical reserve
tactical reserve (JP 1-02)
A part of a force held under the control of the commander as a maneuvering force to influence future action.
tactical warning
tactical warning (JP 1-02)
tactical warning (Threat)
A warning after initiation of a threatening or hostile act based on an evaluation of information from all available sources.
tactical warning (Event)
In satellite and missile surveillance, a notification to operational command centers that a specific threat event is occurring. The component elements that describe threat events are as follows: a. country of origin — Country or countries initiating hostilities; b. event type and size — Identification of the type of event and determination of the size or number of weapons; c. country under attack — Determined by observing trajectory of an object and predicting its impact point; and d. event time — Time the hostile event occurred.
tactical warning, country of origin (JP 1-02)
Country or countries initiating hostilities.
tactical warning, country of origin
tactical warning, event type and size (JP 1-02)
Identification of the type of event and determination of the size or number of weapons.
tactical warning, event type and size
tactical warning, country under attack (JP 1-02)
Determined by observing trajectory of an object and predicting its impact point.
tactical warning, country under attack
tactical warning, event time (JP 1-02)
Time the hostile event occurred.
tactical warning, event time
country of origin
country of origin (JP 1-02)
Country or countries initiating hostilities; b. event type and size — Identification of the type of event and determination of the size or number of
administrative control
administrative control (JP 1-02)
Direction or exercise of authority over subordinate or other organizations in respect to administration and support, including organization of Service forces, control of resources and equipment, personnel management, unit logistics, individual and unit training, readiness, mobilization, demobilization, discipline, and other matters not included in the operational missions of the subordinate or other organizations.
bale cubic capacity
bale cubic capacity (JP 1-02)
The space available for cargo measured in cubic feet to the inside of the cargo battens, on the frames, and to the underside of the beams.
tactical warning and attack assessment
tactical warning and attack assessment (JP 1-02)
A composite term. See separate definitions for tactical warning and for attack assessment.
tactics
tactics (JP 1-02)
The employment and ordered arrangement of forces in relation to each other. (CJCSM 5120.01)
tagline
tagline (JP 1-02)
A line attached to a draft of cargo or container to provide control and minimize pendulation of cargo during lifting operations.
tare weight
tare weight (JP 1-02)
The weight of a container deducted from gross weight to obtain net weight or the weight of an empty container.
target
target (JP 1-02)
target acquisition
target acquisition (JP 1-02)
The detection, identification, and location of a target in sufficient detail to permit the effective employment of weapons.
target analysis
target analysis (JP 1-02)
An examination of potential targets to determine military importance, priority of attack, and weapons required to obtain a desired level of damage or casualties.
target area of interest
target area of interest (JP 1-02)
The geographical area where high-value targets can be acquired and engaged by friendly forces. Not all target areas of interest will form part of the friendly course of action; only target areas of interest associated with high priority targets are of interest to the staff. These are identified during staff planning and wargaming. Target areas of interest differ from engagement areas in degree. Engagement areas plan for the use of all available weapons; target areas of interest 310 might be engaged by a single weapon.
ballistic missile
ballistic missile (JP 1-02)
Any missile which does not rely upon aerodynamic surfaces to produce lift and consequently follows a ballistic trajectory when thrust is terminated.
target array
target array (JP 1-02)
A graphic representation of enemy forces, personnel, and facilities in a specific situation, accompanied by a target analysis.
target audience
target audience (JP 1-02)
An individual or group selected for influence.
target bearing
target bearing (JP 1-02)
1. true — The true compass bearing of a target from a firing ship. 2.
relative
relative (JP 1-02)
The bearing of a target measured in the horizontal from the bow of one’s own ship clockwise from 0 degrees to 360 degrees, or from the nose of one’s own aircraft in hours of the clock.
target complex
target complex (JP 1-02)
A geographically integrated series of target concentrations.
target component
target component (JP 1-02)
A set of targets within a target system performing a similar function.
target concentration
target concentration (JP 1-02)
A grouping of geographically proximate targets.
target critical damage point
target critical damage point (JP 1-02)
The part of a target component that is most vital.
target development
target development (JP 1-02)
The systematic examination of potential target systems - and their components, individual targets, and even elements of targets - to determine the necessary type and duration of the action that must be exerted on each target to create an effect that is consistent with the commander’s specific objectives.
target folder
target folder (JP 1-02)
A folder, hardcopy or electronic, containing target intelligence and related materials prepared for planning and executing action against a specific target.
ballistic missile early warning system
ballistic missile early warning system (JP 1-02)
An electronic system for providing detection and early warning of attack by enemy intercontinental ballistic missiles.
target information center
target information center (JP 1-02)
The agency or activity responsible for collecting, displaying, evaluating, and disseminating information pertaining to potential targets.
targeting
targeting (JP 1-02)
The process of selecting and prioritizing targets and matching the appropriate response to them, considering operational requirements and capabilities.
target intelligence
target intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence that portrays and locates the components of a target or target complex and indicates its vulnerability and relative importance.
target location error
target location error (JP 1-02)
The difference between the coordinates generated for a target and the actual location of the target. Target location error is expressed primarily in terms of circular and vertical errors or infrequently, as spherical error.
target materials
target materials (JP 1-02)
Graphic, textual, tabular, digital, video, or other presentations of target intelligence, primarily designed to support operations against designated targets by one or more weapon(s) systems. Target materials are suitable for training, planning, executing, and evaluating military operations.
target nomination list
target nomination list (JP 1-02)
A target-consolidated list of targets made up of the multiple candidate target lists. A prioritized list of targets drawn from the joint target list and nominated by component commanders, appropriate agencies, or the joint force commander’s staff for inclusion on the joint integrated prioritized target list.
target of opportunity
target of opportunity (JP 1-02)
target overlay
target overlay (JP 1-02)
(*) A transparent sheet which, when superimposed on a particular chart, map, drawing, tracing or other representation, depicts target locations and designations. The target overlay may also show boundaries between maneuver elements, objectives and friendly forward dispositions.
target priority
target priority (JP 1-02)
A grouping of targets with the indicated sequence of attack.
target signature
target signature (JP 1-02)
bar
bar (JP 1-02)
A submerged or emerged embankment of sand, gravel, or mud created on the sea floor in shallow water by waves and currents. A bar may be composed of mollusk shells.
target stress point
target stress point (JP 1-02)
The weakest point (most vulnerable to damage) on the critical damage point.
target system
target system (JP 1-02)
target system analysis
target system analysis (JP 1-02)
An all-source examination of potential target systems to determine relevance to stated objectives, military importance, and priority of attack. It 312 is an open-ended analytic process produced through the intelligence production process using national and theater validated requirements as a foundation.
target system assessment
target system assessment (JP 1-02)
The broad assessment of the overall impact and effectiveness of the full spectrum of military force applied against the operation of an enemy target system or total combat effectiveness (including significant subdivisions of the system) relative to the operational objectives established.
target system component
target system component (JP 1-02)
A set of targets belonging to one or more groups of industries and basic utilities required to produce component parts of an end product, or one type of a series of interrelated commodities.
task component
task component (JP 1-02)
A subdivision of a fleet, task force, task group, or task unit, organized by the respective commander or by higher authority for the accomplishment of specific tasks.
task element
task element (JP 1-02)
A component of a naval task unit organized by the commander of a task unit or higher authority.
task force counterintelligence coordinating authority
task force counterintelligence coordinating authority (JP 1-02)
An individual that affects the overall coordination of counterintelligence activities (in a joint force intelligence directorate counterintelligence and human intelligence staff element, joint task force configuration), with other supporting counterintelligence organizations, and supporting agencies to ensure full counterintelligence coverage of the task force operational area.
task group
task group (JP 1-02)
A component of a naval task force organized by the commander of a task force or higher authority.
tasking order
tasking order (JP 1-02)
A method used to task and to disseminate to components, subordinate units, and command and control agencies projected targets and specific missions. In addition, the tasking order provides specific instructions concerning the mission planning agent, targets, and other control agencies, as well as general instructions for accomplishment of the mission.
bare base
bare base (JP 1-02)
A base having minimum essential facilities to house, sustain, and support operations to include, if required, a stabilized runway, taxiways, and aircraft parking areas. A bare base must have a source of water that can be made potable. Other requirements to operate under bare base conditions form a necessary part of the force package deployed to the bare base.
task order
task order (JP 1-02)
Order for services placed against an established contract.
task organization
task organization (JP 1-02)
task unit
task unit (JP 1-02)
A component of a naval task group organized by the commander of a task group or higher authority.
T-day
T-day (JP 1-02)
tear line
tear line (JP 1-02)
A physical line on an intelligence message or document separating categories of information that have been approved for foreign disclosure and release. Normally, the intelligence below the tear line is that which has been previously cleared for disclosure or release.
technical analysis
technical analysis (JP 1-02)
(*) In imagery interpretation, the precise description of details appearing on imagery.
technical architecture
technical architecture (JP 1-02)
A minimal set of rules governing the arrangement, interaction, and interdependence of the parts or elements whose purpose is to ensure that a conformant system satisfies a specified set of requirements.
technical assistance
technical assistance (JP 1-02)
The providing of advice, assistance, and training pertaining to the installation, operation, and maintenance of equipment.
technical documentation
technical documentation (JP 1-02)
Visual information documentation (with or without sound as an integral documentation component) of an actual event made for purposes of evaluation. Typically, technical documentation contributes to the study of human or mechanical factors, procedures, and processes in the fields of medicine, science, logistics, research, development, test and evaluation, intelligence, investigations, and armament delivery.
technical escort
technical escort (JP 1-02)
An individual technically qualified and properly equipped to accompany designated material requiring a high degree of safety or security during shipment.
barge
barge (JP 1-02)
A flat-bed, shallow-draft vessel with no superstructure that is used for the transport of cargo and ships’ stores or for general utility purposes.
technical evaluation
technical evaluation (JP 1-02)
The study and investigations by a developing agency to determine the technical suitability of material, equipment, or a system for use in the Services.
technical intelligence
technical intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence derived from the collection, processing, analysis, and exploitation of data and information pertaining to foreign equipment and materiel for the purposes of preventing technological surprise, assessing foreign scientific and technical capabilities, and developing countermeasures designed to neutralize an adversary’s technological advantages.
technical nuclear forensics
technical nuclear forensics (JP 1-02)
The collection, analysis and evaluation of pre-detonation (intact) and post-detonation (exploded) radiological or nuclear materials, devices, and debris, as well as the immediate effects created by a nuclear detonation.
technical operational intelligence
technical operational intelligence (JP 1-02)
A Defense Intelligence Agency initiative to provide enhanced scientific and technical intelligence to the commanders of unified commands and their subordinates through a closed loop system involving all Service and Defense Intelligence Agency scientific and technical intelligence centers. Through a system manager in the National Military Joint Intelligence Center, the technical operational intelligence program provides timely collection, analysis, and dissemination of area of responsibility-specific scientific and technical intelligence to combatant commanders and their subordinates for planning, training, and executing joint operations.
technical review authority
technical review authority (JP 1-02)
The organization tasked to provide specialized technical or administrative expertise to the primary review authority or coordinating review authority for joint publications. (CJCSM 5120.01)
technical surveillance countermeasures
technical surveillance countermeasures (JP 1-02)
Techniques and measures to detect and neutralize a wide variety of hostile penetration technologies that are used to obtain unauthorized access to classified and sensitive information. Technical penetrations include the employment of optical, electro-optical, electromagnetic, fluidic, and acoustic means as the sensor and transmission medium, or the use of various types of stimulation or modification to equipment or building components for the direct or indirect transmission of information meant to be protected.
techniques
techniques (JP 1-02)
Non-prescriptive ways or methods used to perform missions, functions, or tasks. (CJCSM 5120.01)
telecommunications
telecommunications (JP 1-02)
Any transmission, emission, or reception of signs, signals, writings, images, sounds, or information of any nature by wire, radio, visual, or other electromagnetic systems.
telemedicine
telemedicine (JP 1-02)
Rapid access to shared and remote medical expertise by means of telecommunications and information technologies to deliver health services and exchange health information for the purpose of improving patient care.
temperature gradient
temperature gradient (JP 1-02)
At sea, a temperature gradient is the change of temperature with depth; a positive gradient is a temperature increase with an increase in depth, and a negative gradient is a temperature decrease with an increase in depth.
barrage
barrage (JP 1-02)
tempest
tempest (JP 1-02)
An unclassified term referring to technical investigations for compromising emanations from electrically operated information processing equipment; these investigations are conducted in support of emanations and emissions security.
temporary interment
temporary interment (JP 1-02)
A site for the purpose of: a. the interment of the remains if the circumstances permit; or b. the reburial of remains exhumed from an emergency interment.
terminal
terminal (JP 1-02)
A facility designed to transfer cargo from one means of conveyance to another. (Conveyance is the piece of equipment used to transport cargo; i.e., railcar to truck or truck to truck. This is as opposed to mode, which is the type of equipment; i.e., ship to rail, rail to truck.)
terminal attack control
terminal attack control (JP 1-02)
The authority to control the maneuver of and grant weapons release clearance to attacking aircraft.
terminal control
terminal control (JP 1-02)
terminal control area
terminal control area (JP 1-02)
A control area or portion thereof normally situated at the confluence of air traffic service routes in the vicinity of one or more major airfields.
terminal guidance
terminal guidance (JP 1-02)
terminal guidance operations
terminal guidance operations (JP 1-02)
Those actions that provide electronic, mechanical, voice or visual communications that provide approaching aircraft and/or weapons additional information regarding a specific target location.
terminal operations
terminal operations (JP 1-02)
The reception, processing, and staging of passengers; the receipt, transit, storage, and marshalling of cargo; the loading and unloading of modes of transport conveyances; and the manifesting and forwarding of cargo and passengers to destination.
terminal phase
terminal phase (JP 1-02)
That portion of the flight of a ballistic missile that begins when the warhead or payload reenters the atmosphere and ends when the warhead or payload detonates, releases its submunitions, or impacts.
barrier
barrier (JP 1-02)
A coordinated series of natural or man-made obstacles designed or employed to channel, direct, restrict, delay, or stop the movement of an opposing force and to impose additional losses in personnel, time, and equipment on the opposing force. 29
termination criteria
termination criteria (JP 1-02)
The specified standards approved by the President and/or the Secretary of Defense that must be met before a joint operation can be concluded.
terms of reference
terms of reference (JP 1-02)
terrain analysis
terrain analysis (JP 1-02)
(*) The collection, analysis, evaluation, and interpretation of geographic information on the natural and manmade features of the terrain, combined with other relevant factors, to predict the effect of the terrain on military operations.
terrain avoidance system
terrain avoidance system (JP 1-02)
A system which provides the pilot or navigator of an aircraft with a situation display of the ground or obstacles which project above either a horizontal plane through the aircraft or a plane parallel to it, so that the pilot can maneuver the aircraft to avoid the obstruction.
terrain flight
terrain flight (JP 1-02)
(*) Flight close to the Earth’s surface during which airspeed, height, and/or altitude are adapted to the contours and cover of the ground in order to avoid enemy detection and fire.
terrain intelligence
terrain intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence on the military significance of natural and man-made characteristics of an area.
terrestrial environment
terrestrial environment (JP 1-02)
The Earth’s land area, including its man-made and natural surface and sub-surface features, and its interfaces and interactions with the atmosphere and the oceans.
territorial airspace
territorial airspace (JP 1-02)
Airspace above land territory, internal waters, archipelagic waters, and territorial seas.
territorial sea
territorial sea (JP 1-02)
A belt of ocean space adjacent to and measured from the coastal state’s baseline to a maximum width of 12 nm. Throughout the vertical and horizontal planes of the territorial sea, the coastal state exercises sovereign jurisdiction, subject to the right of innocent passage of vessels on the surface and the right of transit passage in, under, and over international straits. Territorial sea areas that are a continuation of sea lanes through archipelagoes are subject to archipelagic sealane passage, with the same transit rights as those that apply to international straits.
terrorism
terrorism (JP 1-02)
The unlawful use of violence or threat of violence to instill fear and coerce governments or societies. Terrorism is often motivated by religious, political, or other ideological beliefs and committed in the pursuit of goals that are usually political.
barrier combat air patrol
barrier combat air patrol (JP 1-02)
One or more divisions or elements of fighter aircraft employed between a force and an objective area as a barrier across the probable direction of enemy attack.
terrorist threat level
terrorist threat level (JP 1-02)
An intelligence threat assessment of the level of terrorist threat faced by US personnel and interests in a foreign country. The assessment is based on a continuous intelligence analysis of a minimum of five elements: terrorist group existence, capability, history, trends, and targeting. There are four threat levels: LOW, 317 MODERATE, SIGNIFICANT, and HIGH. Threat levels should not be confused with force protection conditions. Threat level assessments are provided to senior leaders to assist them in determining the appropriate local force protection condition. (The Department of State also makes threat assessments, which may differ from those determined by Department of Defense.)
theater
theater (JP 1-02)
The geographical area for which a commander of a geographic combatant command has been assigned responsibility.
theater antisubmarine warfare commander
theater antisubmarine warfare commander (JP 1-02)
A Navy commander assigned to develop plans and direct assigned and attached assets for the conduct of antisubmarine warfare within an operational area. Normally designated as a task force or task group commander and responsible to a Navy component commander or joint force maritime component commander.
theater-assigned transportation assets
theater-assigned transportation assets (JP 1-02)
Transportation assets that are assigned under the combatant command (command authority) of a geographic combatant commander.
theater detainee reporting center
theater detainee reporting center (JP 1-02)
The field operating agency of the national detainee reporting center. It is the central tracing agency within the theater, responsible for maintaining information on all detainees and their personal property within a theater of operations or assigned area of operations.
theater distribution
theater distribution (JP 1-02)
The flow of personnel, equipment, and materiel within theater to meet the geographic combatant commander’s missions.
theater distribution system
theater distribution system (JP 1-02)
A distribution system comprised of four independent and mutually supported networks within theater to meet the geographic combatant commander’s requirements: the physical network; the financial network; the information network; and the communications network.
theater event system
theater event system (JP 1-02)
Architecture for reporting theater ballistic missile events, composed of three independent processing and reporting elements: the joint tactical ground stations, tactical detection and reporting, and the space-based infrared system mission control station.
theater hospitalization capability
theater hospitalization capability (JP 1-02)
Essential care and health service support capabilities to either return the patient to duty and/or stabilization to ensure the patient can tolerate evacuation to a definitive care facility outside the theater. It includes modular hospital configurations required to support the theater (emergency medical services, surgical services, primary care, veterinary services, dental services, preventive medicine, and combat and operational stress control, blood banking services, hospitalization, 318 laboratory and pharmacy services, radiology, medical logistics and other medical specialty capabilities as required).
theater of operations
theater of operations (JP 1-02)
An operational area defined by the geographic combatant commander for the conduct or support of specific military operations.
barrier, obstacle, and mine warfare plan
barrier, obstacle, and mine warfare plan (JP 1-02)
A comprehensive, coordinated plan that includes responsibilities; general location of unspecified and specific barriers, obstacles, and minefields; special instructions; limitations; coordination; and completion times; and may designate locations of obstacle zones or belts.
theater of war
theater of war (JP 1-02)
Defined by the President, Secretary of Defense, or the geographic combatant commander as the area of air, land, and water that is, or may become, directly involved in the conduct of major operations and campaigns involving combat.
theater patient movement requirements center
theater patient movement requirements center (JP 1-02)
The activity responsible for intratheater patient movement management (medical regulating and aeromedical evacuation scheduling), the development of theater-level patient movement plans and schedules, the monitoring and execution in concert with the Global Patient Movement Requirements Center.
theater special operations command
theater special operations command (JP 1-02)
A subordinate unified command established by a combatant commander to plan, coordinate, conduct, and support joint special operations.
theater strategy
theater strategy (JP 1-02)
An overarching construct outlining a combatant commander’s vision for integrating and synchronizing military activities and operations with the other instruments of national power in order to achieve national strategic objectives.
theater support contract
theater support contract (JP 1-02)
A type of contingency contract that is awarded by contracting officers in the operational area serving under the direct contracting authority of the Service component, special operations force command, or designated joint head of contracting activity for the designated contingency operation.
thermal crossover
thermal crossover (JP 1-02)
The natural phenomenon that normally occurs twice daily when temperature conditions are such that there is a loss of contrast between two adjacent objects on infrared imagery.
thermal imagery
thermal imagery (JP 1-02)
(*) Imagery produced by sensing and recording the thermal energy emitted or reflected from the objects which are imaged.
thermal radiation
thermal radiation (JP 1-02)
thorough decontamination
thorough decontamination (JP 1-02)
Decontamination carried out by a unit, with or without external support, to reduce contamination on personnel, equipment, materiel, and/or 319 working areas equal to natural background or to the lowest possible levels, to permit the partial or total removal of individual protective equipment and to maintain operations with minimum degradation. This may include terrain decontamination beyond the scope of operational decontamination.
threat analysis
threat analysis (JP 1-02)
In antiterrorism, a continual process of compiling and examining all available information concerning potential terrorist activities by terrorist groups which could target a facility. A threat analysis will review the factors of a terrorist group’s existence, capability, intentions, history, and targeting, as well as the security environment within which friendly forces operate. Threat analysis is an essential step in identifying probability of terrorist attack and results in a threat assessment.
administrative loading
administrative loading (JP 1-02)
A loading method that gives primary consideration to achieving maximum utilization of troop and cargo space without regard to tactical considerations. Equipment and supplies must be unloaded and sorted before they can be used.
base
base (JP 1-02)
threat and vulnerability assessment
threat and vulnerability assessment (JP 1-02)
In antiterrorism, the pairing of a facility’s threat analysis and vulnerability analysis.
threat assessment
threat assessment (JP 1-02)
In antiterrorism, examining the capabilities, intentions, and activities, past and present, of terrorist organizations as well as the security environment within which friendly forces operate to determine the level of threat.
threat reduction cooperation
threat reduction cooperation (JP 1-02)
Activities undertaken with the consent and cooperation of host nation authorities in a permissive environment to enhance physical security, and to reduce, dismantle, redirect, and/or improve protection of a state’s existing weapons of mass destruction program, stockpiles, and capabilities.
threat warning
threat warning (JP 1-02)
The urgent communication and acknowledgement of time-critical information essential for the preservation of life and/or vital resources.
throughput
throughput (JP 1-02)
1. In transportation, the average quantity of cargo and passengers that can pass through a port on a daily basis from arrival at the port to loading onto a ship or plane, or from the discharge from a ship or plane to the exit (clearance) from the port complex.
throughput capacity
throughput capacity (JP 1-02)
The estimated capacity of a port or an anchorage to clear cargo and/or passengers in 24 hours usually expressed in tons for cargo, but may be expressed in any agreed upon unit of measurement.
time-definite delivery
time-definite delivery (JP 1-02)
The consistent delivery of requested logistic support at a time and destination specified by the receiving activity.
time of flight
time of flight (JP 1-02)
In artillery, mortar, and naval gunfire support, the time in seconds from the instant a weapon is fired, launched, or released from the delivery vehicle or weapons system to the instant it strikes or detonates.
time on target
time on target (JP 1-02)
The actual time at which munitions impact the target.
time-phased force and deployment data
time-phased force and deployment data (JP 1-02)
The time-phased force data, non-unit cargo and personnel data, and movement data for the operation plan or operation order or ongoing rotation of forces.
base boundary
base boundary (JP 1-02)
A line that delineates the surface area of a base for the purpose of facilitating coordination and deconfliction of operations between adjacent units, formations, or areas.
time-phased force and deployment list
time-phased force and deployment list (JP 1-02)
Appendix 1 to Annex A of the operation plan. It identifies types and/or actual units required to support the operation plan and indicates origin and ports of debarkation or ocean area. It may also be generated as a computer listing from the time-phased force and deployment data.
times
times (JP 1-02)
The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff coordinates the proposed dates and times with the commanders of the appropriate unified and specified commands, as well as any recommended changes to when specified operations are to occur (C-, D-, M-days end at 2400 hours Universal Time [Zulu time] and are assumed to be 24 hours long for planning).
time-sensitive target
time-sensitive target (JP 1-02)
A joint force commander designated target requiring immediate response because it is a highly lucrative, fleeting target of opportunity or it poses (or will soon pose) a danger to friendly forces.
time to target
time to target (JP 1-02)
The number of minutes and seconds to elapse before aircraft ordnance impacts on target.
tophandler
tophandler (JP 1-02)
A device specially designed to permit the lifting and handling of containers from the top with rough terrain container handlers.
topography
topography (JP 1-02)
The configuration of the ground to include its relief and all features. Topography addresses both dry land and the sea floor (underwater topography).
top secret
top secret (JP 1-02)
Security classification that shall be applied to information, the unauthorized disclosure of which reasonably could be expected to cause exceptionally grave damage to the national security that the original classification authority is able to identify or describe. (EO 13526)
torture
torture (JP 1-02)
As defined by Title 18, US Code, Section 2340, it is any act committed by a person acting under color of law specifically intended to inflict severe physical or mental pain or suffering (other than pain or suffering incidental to lawful sanctions) 321 upon another person within his custody or physical control. “Severe mental pain or suffering” means the prolonged mental harm caused by or resulting from: (a) the intentional infliction or threatened infliction of severe physical pain or suffering; (b) the administration or application, or threatened administration or application, of mindaltering substances or other procedures calculated to disrupt profoundly the senses or personality; (c) the threat of imminent death; or (d) the threat that another person will imminently be subjected to death, severe physical pain or suffering, or the administration or application of mind-altering substances or other procedures calculated to disrupt profoundly the senses or personality.
toss bombing
toss bombing (JP 1-02)
A method of bombing where an aircraft flies on a line towards the target, pulls up in a vertical plane, releasing the bomb at an angle that will compensate for the effect of gravity drop on the bomb. Similar to loft bombing; unrestricted as to altitude.
total materiel requirement
total materiel requirement (JP 1-02)
The sum of the peacetime force material requirement and the war reserve material requirement.
base cluster
base cluster (JP 1-02)
In base defense operations, a collection of bases, geographically grouped for mutual protection and ease of command and control.
toxic industrial biological
toxic industrial biological (JP 1-02)
Any biological material manufactured, used, transported, or stored by industrial, medical, or commercial processes which could pose an infectious or toxic threat.
toxic industrial chemical
toxic industrial chemical (JP 1-02)
A chemical developed or manufactured for use in industrial operations or research by industry, government, or academia. For example: pesticides, petrochemicals, fertilizers, corrosives, poisons, etc. These chemicals are not primarily manufactured for the specific purpose of producing human casualties or rendering equipment, facilities, or areas dangerous for human use. Hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride, phosgene, and chloropicrin are industrial chemicals that also can be military chemical agents.
toxic industrial material
toxic industrial material (JP 1-02)
A generic term for toxic or radioactive substances in solid, liquid, aerosolized, or gaseous form that may be used, or stored for use, for industrial, commercial, medical, military, or domestic purposes. Toxic industrial material may be chemical, biological, or radioactive and described as toxic industrial chemical, toxic industrial biological, or toxic industrial radiological.
toxic industrial radiological
toxic industrial radiological (JP 1-02)
Any radiological material manufactured, used, transported, or stored by industrial, medical, or commercial processes. For example: spent fuel rods, medical sources, etc.
toxin
toxin (JP 1-02)
Poisonous substances that may be produced naturally (by bacteria, plants, fungi, snakes, insects, and other living organisms) or synthetically.
track
track (JP 1-02)
track correlation
track correlation (JP 1-02)
Correlating track information for identification purposes using all available data.
tracking
tracking (JP 1-02)
Precise and continuous position-finding of targets by radar, optical, or other means.
track management
track management (JP 1-02)
Defined set of procedures whereby the commander ensures accurate friendly and enemy unit and/or platform locations, and a dissemination procedure for filtering, combining, and passing that information to higher, adjacent, and subordinate commanders.
base cluster commander
base cluster commander (JP 1-02)
In base defense operations, a senior base commander designated by the joint force commander responsible for coordinating the defense of bases within the base cluster and for integrating defense plans of bases into a base cluster defense plan.
track of interest
track of interest (JP 1-02)
In counterdrug operations, contacts that meet the initial sorting criteria applicable in the area where the contacts are detected.
tradecraft
tradecraft (JP 1-02)
Specialized methods and equipment used in the organization and activity of intelligence organizations, especially techniques and methods for handling communications with agents. Operational practices and skills used in the performance of intelligence related duties.
traffic flow security
traffic flow security (JP 1-02)
The protection resulting from features, inherent in some cryptoequipment, that conceal the presence of valid messages on a communications circuit, normally achieved by causing the circuit to appear busy at all times.
traffic management
traffic management (JP 1-02)
The direction, control, and supervision of all functions incident to the procurement and use of freight and passenger transportation services.
traffic pattern
traffic pattern (JP 1-02)
The traffic flow that is prescribed for aircraft landing at, taxiing on, and taking off from an airport. The usual components of a traffic pattern are upwind leg, crosswind leg, downwind leg, base leg, and final approach.
training aid
training aid (JP 1-02)
Any item developed or procured with the primary intent that it shall assist in training and the process of learning.
training and readiness oversight
training and readiness oversight (JP 1-02)
The authority that combatant commanders may exercise over assigned Reserve Component forces when not on active duty or when on active duty for training. As a matter of Department of Defense policy, this authority 323 includes: a. Providing guidance to Service component commanders on operational requirements and priorities to be addressed in Military Department training and readiness programs; b. Commenting on Service component program recommendations and budget requests; c. Coordinating and approving participation by assigned Reserve Component forces in joint exercises and other joint training when on active duty for training or performing inactive duty for training; d. Obtaining and reviewing readiness and inspection reports on assigned Reserve Component forces; and e. Coordinating and reviewing mobilization plans (including post-mobilization training activities and deployability validation procedures) developed for assigned Reserve Component forces.
training unit
training unit (JP 1-02)
A unit established to provide military training to individual reservists or to Reserve Component units.
transient
transient (JP 1-02)
transient forces
transient forces (JP 1-02)
Forces that pass or stage through, or base temporarily within, the operational area of another command but are not under its operational control.
base cluster operations center
base cluster operations center (JP 1-02)
A command and control facility that serves as the base cluster commander’s focal point for defense and security of the base cluster.
transit area
transit area (JP 1-02)
See staging area.
transit route
transit route (JP 1-02)
A sea route which crosses open waters normally joining two coastal routes.
transit zone
transit zone (JP 1-02)
The path taken by either airborne or seaborne smugglers. Zone can include transfer operations to another carrier (airdrop, at-sea transfer, etc.).
transmission security
transmission security (JP 1-02)
The component of communications security that results from all measures designed to protect transmissions from interception and exploitation by means other than cryptanalysis.
transnational threat
transnational threat (JP 1-02)
Any activity, individual, or group not tied to a particular country or region that operates across international boundaries and threatens United States national security or interests.
transportability
transportability (JP 1-02)
The capability of material to be moved by towing, self-propulsion, or carrier via any means, such as railways, highways, waterways, pipelines, oceans, and airways. 324
transport area
transport area (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, an area assigned to a transport organization for the purpose of debarking troops and equipment.
transportation closure
transportation closure (JP 1-02)
The actual arrival date of a specified movement requirement at port of debarkation.
transportation component command
transportation component command (JP 1-02)
The three component commands of United States Transportation Command: Air Force Air Mobility Command, Navy Military Sealift Command, and Army Surface Deployment and Distribution Command. Each transportation component command remains a major command of its parent Service and continues to organize, train, and equip its forces as specified by law. Each transportation component command also continues to perform Service-unique missions.
transportation emergency
transportation emergency (JP 1-02)
A situation created by a shortage of normal transportation capability and of a magnitude sufficient to frustrate military movement requirements, and which requires extraordinary action by the President or other designated authority to ensure continued movement of essential Department of Defense traffic.
base commander
base commander (JP 1-02)
In base defense operations, the officer assigned to command a base.
transportation feasibility
transportation feasibility (JP 1-02)
A determination that the capability exists to move forces, equipment, and supplies from the point of origin to the final destination within the time required.
transportation feasible
transportation feasible (JP 1-02)
A determination made by the supported commander that a draft operation plan can be supported with the apportioned transportation assets.
transportation movement requirement
transportation movement requirement (JP 1-02)
The need for transport of units, personnel, or materiel from a specified origin to a specified destination within a specified timeframe.
transportation priorities
transportation priorities (JP 1-02)
Indicators assigned to eligible traffic that establish its movement precedence. Appropriate priority systems apply to the movement of traffic by sea and air. In times of emergency, priorities may be applicable to continental United States movements by land, water, or air.
transportation system
transportation system (JP 1-02)
All the land, water, and air routes and transportation assets engaged in the movement of US forces and their supplies across the range of military operations, involving both mature and immature theaters and at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels of war.
transport group
transport group (JP 1-02)
An element that directly deploys and supports the landing of the landing force, and is functionally designated as a transport group in the amphibious task force organization. A transport group provides for the embarkation, movement to the objective, landing, and logistic support of the landing force. Transport groups comprise all sealift and airlift in which the landing force is embarked. They are categorized as 325 follows: a. airlifted groups; b. Navy amphibious ship transport groups; and c. strategic sealift shipping groups.
transporting (ordnance)
transporting (ordnance) (JP 1-02)
The movement or repositioning of ordnance or explosive devices along established explosive routes (does not apply to the aircraft flight line).
transshipment point
transshipment point (JP 1-02)
A location where material is transferred between vehicles.
trim
trim (JP 1-02)
The difference in draft at the bow and stern of a vessel or the manner in which a vessel floats in the water based on the distribution of cargo, stores and ballast aboard the vessel.
troop space cargo
troop space cargo (JP 1-02)
Cargo such as sea or barracks bags, bedding rolls or hammocks, locker trunks, and office equipment, normally stowed in an accessible place. This cargo will also include normal hand-carried combat equipment and weapons to be carried ashore by the assault troops.
base defense
base defense (JP 1-02)
The local military measures, both normal and emergency, required to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of enemy attacks on, or sabotage of, a base, to ensure that the maximum capacity of its facilities is available to US forces.
turnaround
turnaround (JP 1-02)
The length of time between arriving at a point and being ready to depart from that point.
turning movement
turning movement (JP 1-02)
A variation of the envelopment in which the attacking force passes around or over the enemy’s principal defensive positions to secure objectives deep in the enemy’s rear to force the enemy to abandon his position or divert major forces to meet the threat.
two-person rule
two-person rule (JP 1-02)
A system designed to prohibit access by an individual to nuclear weapons and certain designated components by requiring the presence at all times of at least two authorized persons, each capable of detecting incorrect or unauthorized procedures with respect to the task to be performed. 326
unaccounted for
unaccounted for (JP 1-02)
An inclusive term (not a casualty status) applicable to personnel whose person or remains are not recovered or otherwise accounted for following hostile action. Commonly used when referring to personnel who are killed in action and whose bodies are not recovered.
unanticipated target
unanticipated target (JP 1-02)
A target of opportunity that was unknown or not expected to exist in the operational environment. See also operational area; target; target of opportunity.
unauthorized commitment
unauthorized commitment (JP 1-02)
An agreement that is not binding solely because the United States Government representative who made it lacked the authority to enter into that agreement on behalf of the United States Government.
uncertain environment
uncertain environment (JP 1-02)
Operational environment in which host government forces, whether opposed to or receptive to operations that a unit intends to conduct, do not have totally effective control of the territory and population in the intended operational area.
unconventional assisted recovery
unconventional assisted recovery (JP 1-02)
Nonconventional assisted recovery conducted by special operations forces.
unconventional assisted recovery coordination cell
unconventional assisted recovery coordination cell (JP 1-02)
A compartmented special operations forces facility, established by the joint force special operations component commander, staffed on a continuous basis by supervisory personnel and tactical planners to coordinate, synchronize, and de-conflict nonconventional assisted recovery operations within the operational area assigned to the joint force commander.
unconventional warfare
unconventional warfare (JP 1-02)
Activities conducted to enable a resistance movement or insurgency to coerce, disrupt, or overthrow a government or occupying power by operating through or with an underground, auxiliary, and guerrilla force in a denied area.
base defense forces
base defense forces (JP 1-02)
Troops assigned or attached to a base for the primary purpose of base defense and security as well as augmentees and selectively armed personnel available to the base commander for base defense from units performing primary missions other than base defense.
undersea warfare
undersea warfare (JP 1-02)
Operations conducted to establish and maintain control of the underwater environment by denying an opposing force the effective use of underwater systems and weapons. It includes offensive and defensive submarine, antisubmarine, and mine warfare operations.
underwater demolition
underwater demolition (JP 1-02)
The destruction or neutralization of underwater obstacles that is normally accomplished by underwater demolition teams.
underwater demolition team
underwater demolition team (JP 1-02)
A group of officers and enlisted specially trained and equipped to accomplish the destruction or neutralization of underwater obstacles and associated tasks.
unexploded explosive ordnance
unexploded explosive ordnance (JP 1-02)
Explosive ordnance which has been primed, fused, armed or otherwise prepared for action, and which has been fired, dropped, launched, projected, or placed in such a manner as to constitute a hazard to operations, installations, personnel, or material and remains unexploded either by malfunction or design or for any other cause.
unified action
unified action (JP 1-02)
The synchronization, coordination, and/or integration of the activities of governmental and nongovernmental entities with military operations to achieve unity of effort.
unified combatant command
unified combatant command (JP 1-02)
See unified command.
unified command
unified command (JP 1-02)
A command with a broad continuing mission under a single commander and composed of significant assigned components of two or more Military Departments that is established and so designated by the President, through the Secretary of Defense with the advice and assistance of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Unified Command Plan
Unified Command Plan (JP 1-02)
The document, approved by the President, that sets forth basic guidance to all unified combatant commanders; establishes their missions, responsibilities, and force structure; delineates the general geographical area of responsibility for geographic combatant commanders; and specifies functional responsibilities for functional combatant commanders.
uniformed services
uniformed services (JP 1-02)
The Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and Public Health Services.
unit
unit (JP 1-02)
base defense operations center
base defense operations center (JP 1-02)
A command and control facility, with responsibilities similar to a base cluster operations center, established by the base commander to serve 30 as the focal point for base security and defense. It plans, directs, integrates, coordinates, and controls all base defense efforts.
unit aircraft
unit aircraft (JP 1-02)
Those aircraft provided an aircraft unit for the performance of a flying mission. 328
United States
United States (JP 1-02)
Includes the land area, internal waters, territorial sea, and airspace of the United States, including the following: a. US territories, possessions, and commonwealths; and b. Other areas over which the US Government has complete jurisdiction and control or has exclusive authority or defense responsibility.
United States Armed Forces
United States Armed Forces (JP 1-02)
Used to denote collectively only the regular components of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard.
United States controlled shipping
United States controlled shipping (JP 1-02)
That shipping under United States flag and selected ships under foreign flag considered to be under effective United States control.
United States message text format
United States message text format (JP 1-02)
A program designed to enhance joint and combined combat effectiveness through standardization of message formats, data elements, and information exchange procedures.
United States naval ship
United States naval ship (JP 1-02)
A public vessel of the United States that is in the custody of the Navy and is: a. Operated by the Military Sealift Command and manned by a civil service crew; or b. Operated by a commercial company under contract to the Military Sealift Command and manned by a merchant marine crew.
United States Signals Intelligence System
United States Signals Intelligence System (JP 1-02)
The unified organization of signals intelligence activities under the direction of the Director, National Security Agency/Chief, Central Security Service. It consists of the National Security Agency/Central Security Service, the components of the Military Services authorized to conduct signals intelligence, and such other entities (other than the Federal Bureau of Investigation) authorized by the National Security Council or the Secretary of Defense to conduct signals intelligence activities.
United States Transportation Command
United States Transportation Command (JP 1-02)
The unified command with the mission to provide strategic air, land, and sea transportation and common-user port management for the Department of Defense across the range of military operations.
unit identification code
unit identification code (JP 1-02)
A six-character, alphanumeric code that uniquely identifies each Active, Reserve, and National Guard unit of the Armed Forces.
unitized load
unitized load (JP 1-02)
A single item or a number of items packaged, packed, or arranged in a specified manner and capable of being handled as a unit. Unitization may be accomplished by placing the item or items in a container or by banding them securely together. (ALPHA) 329
base defense zone
base defense zone (JP 1-02)
An air defense zone established around an air base and limited to the engagement envelope of short-range air defense weapons systems defending that base. Base defense zones have specific entry, exit, and identification, friend or foe procedures established.
unit line number
unit line number (JP 1-02)
A seven-character alphanumeric code that describes a unique increment of a unit deployment, i.e., advance party, main body, equipment by sea and air, reception team, or trail party, in a Joint Operation Planning and Execution System time-phased force and deployment data.
unit loading
unit loading (JP 1-02)
The loading of troop units with their equipment and supplies in the same vessels, aircraft, or land vehicles.
unit movement control center
unit movement control center (JP 1-02)
A temporary organization activated by major subordinate commands and subordinate units during deployment to control and manage marshalling and movement.
unit of issue
unit of issue (JP 1-02)
In its special storage meaning, refers to the quantity of an item; as each number, dozen, gallon, pair, pound, ream, set, yard. Usually termed unit of issue to distinguish from “unit price.”
unit movement data
unit movement data (JP 1-02)
A unit equipment and/or supply listing containing corresponding transportability data. Tailored unit movement data has been modified to reflect a specific movement requirement.
unit personnel and tonnage table
unit personnel and tonnage table (JP 1-02)
A table included in the loading plan of a combatloaded ship as a recapitulation of totals of personnel and cargo by type, listing cubic measurements and weight. (3-02.1)
unit type code
unit type code (JP 1-02)
A Joint Chiefs of Staff developed and assigned code, consisting of five characters that uniquely identify a “type unit.”
unity of command
unity of command (JP 1-02)
The operation of all forces under a single responsible commander who has the requisite authority to direct and employ those forces in pursuit of a common purpose.
unity of effort
unity of effort (JP 1-02)
Coordination and cooperation toward common objectives, even if the participants are not necessarily part of the same command or organization - the product of successful unified action.
Universal Joint Task List
Universal Joint Task List (JP 1-02)
A menu of capabilities (mission-derived tasks with associated conditions and standards, i.e., the tools) that may be selected by a joint force commander to accomplish the assigned mission. Once identified as essential to mission accomplishment, the tasks are reflected within the command joint mission essential task list.
access to classified information
access to classified information (JP 1-02)
The ability and opportunity to obtain knowledge of classified information by persons with the proper security clearance and a need to know of specified classified information.
advanced base
advanced base (JP 1-02)
A base located in or near an operational area whose primary mission is to support military operations.
base development (less force beddown)
base development (less force beddown) (JP 1-02)
The acquisition, development, expansion, improvement, construction and/or replacement of the facilities and resources of a location to support forces.
universal polar stereographic grid
universal polar stereographic grid (JP 1-02)
A military grid prescribed for joint use in operations in limited areas and used for operations requiring precise position reporting. It covers areas between the 80 degree parallels and the poles. 330
Universal Time
Universal Time (JP 1-02)
A measure of time that conforms, within a close approximation, to the mean diurnal rotation of the Earth and serves as the basis of civil timekeeping. (Formerly called Greenwich Mean Time.)
unknown
unknown (JP 1-02)
unmanned aircraft
unmanned aircraft (JP 1-02)
An aircraft or balloon that does not carry a human operator and is capable of flight under remote control or autonomous programming.
unmanned aircraft system
unmanned aircraft system (JP 1-02)
That system whose components include the necessary equipment, network, and personnel to control an unmanned aircraft.
unplanned target
unplanned target (JP 1-02)
A target of opportunity that is known to exist in the operational environment.
unrestricted reporting
unrestricted reporting (JP 1-02)
A process that a Service member uses to disclose, without requesting confidentiality or restricted reporting, that he or she is the victim of a sexual assault.
unstable patient
unstable patient (JP 1-02)
A patient whose physiological status is in fluctuation. Emergent, treatment and/or surgical intervention are anticipated during the evacuation. An unstable patient’s rapidly changing status and requirements are beyond the standard en route care capability and requires medical/surgical augmentation.
unstuffing
unstuffing (JP 1-02)
The removal of cargo from a container.
urban triad
urban triad (JP 1-02)
The three elements that compose the urban environment: complex manmade physical terrain, a population of significant size and density, and an infrastructure.
base line
base line (JP 1-02)
use of force policy
use of force policy (JP 1-02)
Policy guidance issued by the Commandant, US Coast Guard, on the use of force and weapons.
US forces
US forces (JP 1-02)
All Armed Forces (including the Coast Guard) of the United States, any person in the Armed Forces of the United States, and all equipment of any description that either belongs to the US Armed Forces or is being used (including Type I and II Military Sealift Command vessels), escorted, or conveyed by the US Armed Forces.
US national
US national (JP 1-02)
US citizen and US permanent and temporary legal resident aliens. 331
US person
US person (JP 1-02)
For intelligence purposes, a US person is defined as one of the following: (1) a US citizen; (2) an alien known by the intelligence agency concerned to be a permanent resident alien; (3) an unincorporated association substantially composed of US citizens or permanent resident aliens; or (4) a corporation incorporated in the United States, except for those directed and controlled by a foreign government or governments.
validate
validate (JP 1-02)
Execution procedure used by combatant command components, supporting combatant commanders, and providing organizations to confirm to the supported commander and United States Transportation Command that all the information records in a time-phased force and deployment data not only are error-free for automation purposes, but also accurately reflect the current status, attributes, and availability of units and requirements.
validation
validation (JP 1-02)
1. A process associated with the collection and production of intelligence that confirms that an intelligence collection or production requirement is sufficiently important to justify the dedication of intelligence resources, does not duplicate an existing requirement, and has not been previously satisfied.
variation
variation (JP 1-02)
The angular difference between true and magnetic north.
vehicle-borne improvised explosive device
vehicle-borne improvised explosive device (JP 1-02)
A device placed or fabricated in an improvised manner on a vehicle incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals and designed to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract. Otherwise known as a car bomb.
vehicle cargo
vehicle cargo (JP 1-02)
Wheeled or tracked equipment, including weapons, that require certain deck space, head room, and other definite clearance.
vehicle summary and priority table
vehicle summary and priority table (JP 1-02)
A table listing all vehicles by priority of debarkation from a combat-loaded ship. It includes the nomenclature, dimensions, square feet, cubic feet, weight, and stowage location of each vehicle; the cargo loaded in each vehicle; and the name of the unit to which the vehicle belongs.
baseline costs
baseline costs (JP 1-02)
The continuing annual costs of military operations funded by the operations and maintenance and military personnel appropriations.
verification
verification (JP 1-02)
1. In arms control, any action, including inspection, detection, and identification, taken to ascertain compliance with agreed measures.
vertex height
vertex height (JP 1-02)
See maximum ordinate.
vertical and/or short takeoff and landing
vertical and/or short takeoff and landing (JP 1-02)
Vertical and/or short takeoff and landing capability for aircraft.
vertical envelopment
vertical envelopment (JP 1-02)
A tactical maneuver in which troops, either air-dropped or airlanded, attack the rear and flanks of a force, in effect cutting off or encircling the force.
vertical landing zone
vertical landing zone (JP 1-02)
A specified ground area for landing vertical takeoff and landing aircraft to embark or disembark troops and/or cargo. A landing zone may contain one or more landing sites.
vertical replenishment
vertical replenishment (JP 1-02)
The use of a helicopter for the transfer of materiel to or from a ship.
vertical stowage
vertical stowage (JP 1-02)
A method of stowage in depth within a single compartment by which loaded items are continually accessible for unloading, and the unloading can be completed without corresponding changes or prior unloading of other cargo.
vertical takeoff and landing aircraft
vertical takeoff and landing aircraft (JP 1-02)
Fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters capable of taking off or landing vertically.
very seriously ill or injured
very seriously ill or injured (JP 1-02)
The casualty status of a person whose illness or injury is classified by medical authority to be of such severity that life is imminently endangered.
very small aperture terminal
very small aperture terminal (JP 1-02)
Refers to a fixed satellite terminal whose antenna diameter typically does not exceed two meters.
base plan
base plan (JP 1-02)
A type of operation plan that describes the concept of operations, major forces, sustainment concept, and anticipated timelines for completing the mission without annexes or time-phased force and deployment data.
vesicant agent
vesicant agent (JP 1-02)
See blister agent.
vetting
vetting (JP 1-02)
A part of target development that assesses the accuracy of the supporting intelligence to targeting.
visual information
visual information (JP 1-02)
Various visual media with or without sound. Generally, visual information includes still and motion photography, audio video recording, graphic arts, visual aids, models, display, and visual presentations.
visual meteorological conditions
visual meteorological conditions (JP 1-02)
Weather conditions in which visual flight rules apply; expressed in terms of visibility, ceiling height, and aircraft clearance from clouds along 334 the path of flight. When these criteria do not exist, instrument meteorological conditions prevail and instrument flight rules must be complied with.
Voluntary Intermodal Sealift Agreement
Voluntary Intermodal Sealift Agreement (JP 1-02)
An agreement that provides the Department of Defense with assured access to United States flag assets, both vessel capacity and intermodal systems, to meet Department of Defense contingency requirements.
voluntary tanker agreement
voluntary tanker agreement (JP 1-02)
An agreement established by the Maritime Administration to provide for United States commercial tanker owners and operators to voluntarily make their vessels available to satisfy the Department of Defense to meet contingency or war requirements for point-to-point petroleum, oils, and lubricants movements.
vulnerability
vulnerability (JP 1-02)
1. The susceptibility of a nation or military force to any action by any means through which its war potential or combat effectiveness may be reduced or its will to fight diminished.
vulnerability assessment
vulnerability assessment (JP 1-02)
A Department of Defense, command, or unit-level evaluation (assessment) to determine the vulnerability of a terrorist attack against an installation, unit, exercise, port, ship, residence, facility, or other site. Identifies areas of improvement to withstand, mitigate, or deter acts of violence or terrorism.
vulnerable node
vulnerable node (JP 1-02)
See target stress point. 335 Intentionally Blank 336
walk-in
walk-in (JP 1-02)
An unsolicited contact who provides information.
base support installation
base support installation (JP 1-02)
A Department of Defense Service or agency installation within the United States and its possessions and territories tasked to serve as a base for military forces engaged in either homeland defense or civil support operations.
walking patient
walking patient (JP 1-02)
A patient whose injuries and/or illness are relatively minor, permitting the patient to walk and not require a litter.
warden system
warden system (JP 1-02)
An informal method of communication used to pass information to US citizens during emergencies.
warning
warning (JP 1-02)
warning order
warning order (JP 1-02)
warp
warp (JP 1-02)
To haul a ship ahead by line or anchor.
war reserve materiel requirement
war reserve materiel requirement (JP 1-02)
That portion of the war materiel requirement required to be on hand on D-day. This level consists of the war materiel requirement less the sum of the peacetime assets assumed to be available on D-day and the war materiel procurement capability.
war reserves
war reserves (JP 1-02)
Stocks of materiel amassed in peacetime to meet the increase in military requirements consequent upon an outbreak of war.
war reserve stock
war reserve stock (JP 1-02)
That portion of total materiel assets designated to satisfy the war reserve materiel requirement.
wartime reserve modes
wartime reserve modes (JP 1-02)
Characteristics and operating procedures of sensor, communications, navigation aids, threat recognition, weapons, and countermeasures systems that will contribute to military effectiveness if unknown to or misunderstood by opposing commanders before they are used, but could be exploited or neutralized if known in advance.
Washington Liaison Group
Washington Liaison Group (JP 1-02)
An interagency committee and/or joint monitoring body, chaired by the Department of State with representation from the Department of Defense, established to coordinate the preparation and implementation of plans for evacuation of United States citizens abroad in emergencies.
basic encyclopedia
basic encyclopedia (JP 1-02)
A compilation of identified installations and physical areas of potential significance as objectives for attack.
watercraft
watercraft (JP 1-02)
Any vessel or craft designed specifically and only for movement on the surface of the water.
waterspace management
waterspace management (JP 1-02)
The allocation of waterspace in terms of antisubmarine warfare attack procedures to permit the rapid and effective engagement of hostile submarines while preventing inadvertent attacks on friendly submarines.
wave
wave (JP 1-02)
A formation of forces, including ships, craft, amphibious vehicles or aircraft, required to beach or land about the same time. Waves can be classified by function: scheduled, on-call, or non-scheduled. Waves can also be classified by type of craft, e.g., assault, helicopter, or landing craft.
wave crest
wave crest (JP 1-02)
The highest part of a wave.
wave height
wave height (JP 1-02)
The vertical distance between trough and crest, usually expressed in feet.
wave length
wave length (JP 1-02)
The horizontal distance between successive wave crests measured perpendicular to the crest, usually expressed in feet.
wave period
wave period (JP 1-02)
The time it takes for two successive wave crests to pass a given point.
wave trough
wave trough (JP 1-02)
The lowest part of the wave between crests.
wave velocity
wave velocity (JP 1-02)
The speed at which a wave form advances across the sea, usually expressed in knots.
W-day
W-day (JP 1-02)
basic load
basic load (JP 1-02)
The quantity of supplies required to be on hand within, and which can be moved by, a unit or formation. It is expressed according to the wartime organization of the unit or formation and maintained at the prescribed levels.
weaponeering
weaponeering (JP 1-02)
The process of determining the quantity of a specific type of lethal or nonlethal weapons required to achieve a specific level of damage to a given target, considering target vulnerability, weapons characteristics and effects, and delivery parameters.
weapon engagement zone
weapon engagement zone (JP 1-02)
In air defense, airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with a particular weapon system.
weapons control status
weapons control status (JP 1-02)
An air defense control measure declared for a particular area and time by an area air defense commander, or delegated subordinate commander, based on the rules of engagement designed to establish the freedom for fighters and surface air defense weapons to engage threats. Also call WCS.
weapons free zone
weapons free zone (JP 1-02)
An air defense zone established for the protection of key assets or facilities, other than air bases, where weapon systems may be fired at any target not positively recognized as friendly.
weapons of mass destruction
weapons of mass destruction (JP 1-02)
Chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapons capable of a high order of destruction or causing mass casualties and exclude the means of transporting or propelling the weapon where such means is a separable and divisible part from the weapon.
weapons of mass destruction active defense
weapons of mass destruction active defense (JP 1-02)
Active measures to defeat an attack with chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapons by employing actions to divert, neutralize, or destroy those weapons or their means of delivery while en route to their target.
weapons of mass destruction - civil support team
weapons of mass destruction - civil support team (JP 1-02)
Joint National Guard (Army National Guard and Air National Guard) team established to deploy rapidly to assist a local incident commander in determining the nature and extent of a weapons of mass destruction attack or incident; provide expert technical advice on weapons of mass destruction response operations; and help identify and support the arrival of follow-on state and federal military response assets.
weapons of mass destruction consequence management
weapons of mass destruction consequence management (JP 1-02)
Actions authorized by the Secretary of Defense to mitigate the effects of a weapon of mass destruction attack or event and, if necessary, provide temporary essential operations and services at home and abroad.
weapons of mass destruction elimination
weapons of mass destruction elimination (JP 1-02)
Actions undertaken in a hostile or uncertain environment to systematically locate, characterize, secure, and disable, or destroy weapons of mass destruction programs and related capabilities.
weapons of mass destruction interdiction
weapons of mass destruction interdiction (JP 1-02)
Operations to track, intercept, search, divert, seize, or otherwise stop the transit of weapons of mass destruction, its delivery systems, or related materials, technologies, and expertise.
basic tactical organization
basic tactical organization (JP 1-02)
The conventional organization of landing force units for combat, involving combinations of infantry, supporting ground arms, and aviation for accomplishment of missions ashore. This organizational form is employed as soon as possible following the landing of the various assault components of the landing force. 31
weapons of mass destruction offensive operations
weapons of mass destruction offensive operations (JP 1-02)
Actions to disrupt, neutralize, or destroy a weapon of mass destruction threat before it can be used, or to deter subsequent use of such weapons.
weapons of mass destruction security cooperation and partner activities
weapons of mass destruction security cooperation and partner activities (JP 1-02)
Activities to improve or promote defense relationships and capacity of allied and partner nations to execute or support the other military mission areas to combat weapons of mass destruction through military-to-military contact, burden sharing arrangements, combined military activities, and support to international activities.
weapons readiness state
weapons readiness state (JP 1-02)
The degree of readiness of air defense weapons which can become airborne or be launched to carry out an assigned task and normally expressed in numbers of weapons and numbers of minutes.
weapons release authority
weapons release authority (JP 1-02)
The authority originating from the President to engage or direct engagement of ballistic missile threats using ground-based interceptors of the ground-based midcourse defense. Also call WRA.
weapons technical intelligence
weapons technical intelligence (JP 1-02)
A category of intelligence and processes derived from the technical and forensic collection and exploitation of improvised explosive devices, associated components, improvised weapons, and other weapon systems.
weapon system
weapon system (JP 1-02)
A combination of one or more weapons with all related equipment, materials, services, personnel, and means of delivery and deployment (if applicable) required for self-sufficiency.
weather deck
weather deck (JP 1-02)
A deck having no overhead protection; uppermost deck.
wellness
wellness (JP 1-02)
Force health protection program that consolidates and incorporates physical and mental fitness, health promotion, and environmental and occupational health.
wharf
wharf (JP 1-02)
A structure built of open rather than solid construction along a shore or a bank that provides cargo-handling facilities.
white cap
white cap (JP 1-02)
A small wave breaking offshore as a result of the action of strong winds.
battalion landing team
battalion landing team (JP 1-02)
In an amphibious operation, an infantry battalion normally reinforced by necessary combat and service elements; the basic unit for planning an assault landing.
winch
winch (JP 1-02)
A hoisting machine used for loading and discharging cargo and stores or for hauling in lines.
wing
wing (JP 1-02)
1. An Air Force unit composed normally of one primary mission group and the necessary supporting organizations, i.e., organizations designed to render supply, maintenance, hospitalization, and other services required by the primary mission groups. Primary mission groups may be functional, such as combat, training, transport, or service. 2. A fleet air wing is the basic organizational and administrative unit for naval-, land-, and tender-based aviation. Such wings are mobile units to which are assigned aircraft squadrons and tenders for administrative organization control. 3. A 340 balanced Marine Corps task organization of aircraft groups and squadrons, together with appropriate command, air control, administrative, service, and maintenance units. A standard Marine Corps aircraft wing contains the aviation elements normally required for the air support of a Marine division. 4. A flank unit; that part of a military force to the right or left of the main body.
withdrawal operation
withdrawal operation (JP 1-02)
A planned retrograde operation in which a force in contact disengages from an enemy force and moves in a direction away from the enemy.
witting
witting (JP 1-02)
A term of intelligence art that indicates that one is not only aware of a fact or piece of information but also aware of its connection to intelligence activities.
working capital fund
working capital fund (JP 1-02)
A revolving fund established to finance inventories of supplies and other stores, or to provide working capital for industrial-type activities.
working group
working group (JP 1-02)
An enduring or ad hoc organization within a joint force commander’s headquarters formed around a specific function whose purpose is to provide analysis to users. The working group consists of a core functional group and other staff and component representatives.
Worldwide Port System
Worldwide Port System (JP 1-02)
Automated information system to provide cargo management and accountability to water port and regional commanders while providing in-transit visibility to the Global Transportation Network.
wounded
wounded (JP 1-02)
See seriously wounded; slightly wounded.
wounded in action
wounded in action (JP 1-02)
A casualty category applicable to a hostile casualty, other than the victim of a terrorist activity, who has incurred an injury due to an external agent or cause. The term encompasses all kinds of wounds and other injuries incurred in action, whether there is a piercing of the body, as in a penetration or perforated wound, or none, as in the contused wound. These include fractures, burns, blast concussions, all effects of biological and chemical warfare agents, and the effects of an exposure to ionizing radiation or any other destructive weapon or agent. The hostile casualty’s status may be categorized as “very seriously ill or injured,” “seriously ill or injured,” “incapacitating illness or injury,” or “not seriously injured.”
zone of action
zone of action (JP 1-02)
A tactical subdivision of a larger area, the responsibility for which is assigned to a tactical unit; generally applied to offensive action.
battle damage assessment
battle damage assessment (JP 1-02)
The estimate of damage composed of physical and functional damage assessment, as well as target system assessment, resulting from the application of lethal or nonlethal military force.
zone of fire
zone of fire (JP 1-02)
An area into which a designated ground unit or fire support ship delivers, or is prepared to deliver, fire support. Fire may or may not be observed.
ZULU time
ZULU time (JP 1-02)
See Universal Time.
advanced geospatial intelligence
advanced geospatial intelligence (JP 1-02)
Refers to the technical, geospatial, and intelligence information derived through interpretation or analysis using advanced processing of all data collected by imagery or imagery-related collection systems. Also known as imagery-derived measurement and signature intelligence.
battle damage repair
battle damage repair (JP 1-02)
Essential repair, which may be improvised, carried out rapidly in a battle environment in order to return damaged or disabled equipment to temporary service.
battlefield coordination detachment
battlefield coordination detachment (JP 1-02)
An Army liaison located in the air operations center that provides selected operational functions between the Army forces and the air component commander.
battle force
battle force (JP 1-02)
A standing operational naval task force organization of carriers, surface combatants, and submarines assigned to numbered fleets. A battle force is subdivided into battle groups.
battle injury
battle injury (JP 1-02)
Damage or harm sustained by personnel during or as a result of battle conditions.
battle management
battle management (JP 1-02)
The management of activities within the operational environment based on the commands, direction, and guidance given by appropriate authority.
battle rhythm
battle rhythm (JP 1-02)
A deliberate daily cycle of command, staff, and unit activities intended to synchronize current and future operations.
beach
beach (JP 1-02)
beach group
beach group (JP 1-02)
See naval beach group; shore party.
beachhead
beachhead (JP 1-02)
A designated area on a hostile or potentially hostile shore that, when seized and held, ensures the continuous landing of troops and materiel, and provides maneuver space requisite for subsequent projected operations ashore.
beach marker
beach marker (JP 1-02)
A sign or device used to identify a beach or certain activities thereon for incoming waterborne traffic. Markers may be panels, lights, buoys, or electronic devices. 32
advanced operations base
advanced operations base (JP 1-02)
In special operations, a small temporary base established near or within a joint special operations area to command, control, and/or support training or tactical operations. Facilities are normally austere. The base may be ashore or afloat. If ashore, it may include an airfield or unimproved airstrip, a pier, or an anchorage. An advanced operations base is normally controlled and/or supported by a main operations base or a forward operations base.
beachmaster unit
beachmaster unit (JP 1-02)
A commissioned naval unit of the naval beach group designed to provide to the shore party a Navy component known as a beach party, which is capable of supporting the amphibious landing of one division (reinforced).
beach party
beach party (JP 1-02)
The Navy component of the landing force support party under the tactical control of the landing force support party commander.
beach party commander
beach party commander (JP 1-02)
The naval officer in command of the naval component of the shore party.
beach photography
beach photography (JP 1-02)
Vertical, oblique, ground, and periscope coverage at varying scales to provide information of offshore, shore, and inland areas. It covers terrain that provides observation of the beaches and is primarily concerned with the geological and tactical aspects of the beach.
beach support area
beach support area (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the area to the rear of a landing force or elements thereof, established and operated by shore party units, which contains the facilities for the unloading of troops and materiel and the support of the forces ashore; it includes facilities for the evacuation of wounded, enemy prisoners of war, and captured materiel.
beach survey
beach survey (JP 1-02)
The collection of data describing the physical characteristics of a beach; that is, an area whose boundaries are a shoreline, a coastline, and two natural or arbitrary assigned flanks.
beach width
beach width (JP 1-02)
The horizontal dimensions of the beach measured at right angles to the shoreline from the line of extreme low water inland to the landward limit of the beach (the coastline).
begin morning civil twilight
begin morning civil twilight (JP 1-02)
The period of time at which the sun is halfway between beginning morning and nautical twilight and sunrise, when there is enough light to see objects clearly with the unaided eye. At this time, light intensification devices are no longer effective, and the sun is six degrees below the eastern horizon.
begin morning nautical twilight
begin morning nautical twilight (JP 1-02)
The start of that period where, in good conditions and in the absence of other illumination, enough light is available to identify the general outlines of ground objects and conduct limited military operations. Light intensification devices are still effective and may have enhanced capabilities. At this time, the sun is 12 degrees below the eastern horizon.
believed-to-be
believed-to-be (JP 1-02)
In mortuary affairs, the status of any human remains until a positive identification has been determined. Used interchangeably with tentative identification.
advance force
advance force (JP 1-02)
A temporary organization within the amphibious task force which precedes the main body to the objective area, for preparing the objective for the main assault by conducting such operations as reconnaissance, seizure of supporting positions, mine countermeasures, preliminary bombardment, underwater demolitions, and air support.
berm, natural
berm, natural (JP 1-02)
The nearly horizontal portion of a beach or backshore having an abrupt fall and formed by deposition of material by wave action. A berm marks the limit of ordinary high tide. For air cushion vehicles, berms (constructed) are required to protect materials handling equipment operations.
bight
bight (JP 1-02)
A bend in a coast forming an open bay or an open bay formed by such a bend.
bill
bill (JP 1-02)
A ship’s publication listing operational or administrative procedures.
biological agent
biological agent (JP 1-02)
A microorganism that causes disease in personnel, plants, or animals or causes the deterioration of materiel.
biological half-time
biological half-time (JP 1-02)
See half-life.
biological hazard
biological hazard (JP 1-02)
An organism, or substance derived from an organism, that poses a threat to human or animal health. This can include medical waste, samples of a microorganism, virus, or toxin (from a biological source) that can impact human health.
biological warfare
biological warfare (JP 1-02)
Employment of biological agents to produce casualties in personnel or animals, or damage to plants or materiel; or defense against such employment.
biological weapon
biological weapon (JP 1-02)
An item of materiel which projects, disperses, or disseminates a biological agent including arthropod vectors.
biometric
biometric (JP 1-02)
Measurable physical characteristic or personal behavior trait used to recognize the identity or verify the claimed identity of an individual.
biometrics
biometrics (JP 1-02)
The process of recognizing an individual based on measurable anatomical, physiological, and behavioral characteristics.
advance guard
advance guard (JP 1-02)
Detachment sent ahead of the main force to ensure its uninterrupted advance; to protect the main body against surprise; to facilitate the advance by removing obstacles and repairing roads and bridges; and to cover the deployment of the main body if it is committed to action.
blister agent
blister agent (JP 1-02)
A chemical agent which injures the eyes and lungs, and burns or blisters the skin.
blood agent
blood agent (JP 1-02)
A chemical compound, including the cyanide group, that affects bodily functions by preventing the normal utilization of oxygen by body tissues.
blood chit
blood chit (JP 1-02)
A small sheet of material depicting an American flag and a statement in several languages to the effect that anyone assisting the bearer to safety will be rewarded.
Blue Bark
Blue Bark (JP 1-02)
US military personnel, US citizen civilian employees of the Department of Defense, and the dependents of both categories who travel in connection with the death of an immediate family member. It also applies to designated escorts for dependents of deceased military members. Furthermore, the term is used to designate the personal property shipment of a deceased member.
blue force tracking
blue force tracking (JP 1-02)
Employment of techniques to actively or passively identify or track US, allied, or coalition forces for the purpose of providing the combatant commander enhanced situational awareness and reducing fratricide.
board
board (JP 1-02)
An organized group of individuals within a joint force commander’s headquarters, appointed by the commander (or other authority) that meets with the purpose of gaining guidance or decision. Its responsibilities and authority are governed by the authority which established the board.
boat group
boat group (JP 1-02)
The basic organization of landing craft. One boat group is organized for each battalion landing team (or equivalent) to be landed in the first trip of landing craft or amphibious vehicles.
boat lane
boat lane (JP 1-02)
A lane for amphibious assault landing craft, which extends from the line of departure to the beach.
boat space
boat space (JP 1-02)
The space and weight factor used to determine the capacity of boats, landing craft, and amphibious vehicles. With respect to landing craft and amphibious vehicles, it is based on the requirements of one person with individual equipment. The person is assumed to weigh 224 pounds and to occupy 13.5 cubic feet of space.
boat wave
boat wave (JP 1-02)
adversary
adversary (JP 1-02)
A party acknowledged as potentially hostile to a friendly party and against which the use of force may be envisaged.
bomb impact plot
bomb impact plot (JP 1-02)
A graphic representation of the target area, usually a pre-strike air photograph, on which prominent dots are plotted to mark the impact or detonation points of bombs dropped on a specific bombing attack.
bona fides
bona fides (JP 1-02)
1. In personnel recovery, the use of verbal or visual communication by individuals who are unknown to one another, to establish their authenticity, sincerity, honesty, and truthfulness.
boost phase
boost phase (JP 1-02)
That portion of the flight of a ballistic missile or space vehicle during which the booster and sustainer engines operate.
bottom mine
bottom mine (JP 1-02)
A mine with negative buoyancy which remains on the seabed.
boundary
boundary (JP 1-02)
A line that delineates surface areas for the purpose of facilitating coordination and deconfliction of operations between adjacent units, formations, or areas.
branch
branch (JP 1-02)
breakbulk cargo
breakbulk cargo (JP 1-02)
Any commodity that, because of its weight, dimensions, or incompatibility with other cargo, must be shipped by mode other than military van or military container moved via the sea.
breakbulk ship
breakbulk ship (JP 1-02)
A ship with conventional holds for stowage of breakbulk cargo, below or above deck, and equipped with cargo-handling gear. Ships also may be capable of carrying a limited number of containers, above or below deck.
breaker
breaker (JP 1-02)
A wave in the process of losing energy where offshore energy loss is caused by wind action and nearshore energy loss is caused by the impact of the sea floor as the wave enters shallow (shoaling) water. Breakers either plunge, spill, or surge.
breaker angle
breaker angle (JP 1-02)
The angle a breaker makes with the beach.
adversary template
adversary template (JP 1-02)
A model based on an adversary’s known or postulated preferred methods of operation illustrating the disposition and activity of adversary forces and assets conducting a particular operation unconstrained by the impact of the operational environment.
brevity code
brevity code (JP 1-02)
A code which provides no security but which has as its sole purpose the shortening of messages rather than the concealment of their content.
brigade combat team
brigade combat team (JP 1-02)
As combined arms teams, brigade combat teams form the basic building block of the Army’s tactical formations. They are the principal means of executing engagements. Three standardized brigade combat teams designs exist; heavy, infantry, and Stryker. Battalion-sized maneuver, fires, reconnaissance, and sustainment units are organic to a brigade combat team.
broach
broach (JP 1-02)
When a water craft is thrown broadside to the wind and waves, against a bar, or against the shoreline.
broken stowage
broken stowage (JP 1-02)
The space lost in the holds of a vessel because of the contour of the ship and the shape of the cargo. Dunnage, ladders, and stanchions are included in broken stowage.
broken stowage factor
broken stowage factor (JP 1-02)
A factor applied to the available space for embarkation due to the loss between boxes, between vehicles, around stanchions, and over cargo. The factor will vary, depending on the type and size of vehicles, type and size of general cargo, training and experience of loading personnel, type of loading, method of stowage, and configuration of compartments.
buddy-aid
buddy-aid (JP 1-02)
Acute medical care (first aid) provided by a non-medical Service member to another person.
buffer zone
buffer zone (JP 1-02)
1. A defined area controlled by a peace operations force from which disputing or belligerent forces have been excluded. Also called BZ.
area of separation in some United Nations operations
building systems
building systems (JP 1-02)
Structures assembled from manufactured components designed to provide specific building configurations.
bulk cargo
bulk cargo (JP 1-02)
That which is generally shipped in volume where the transportation conveyance is the only external container; such as liquids, ore, or grain.
bulk petroleum product
bulk petroleum product (JP 1-02)
A liquid petroleum product transported by various means and stored in tanks or containers having an individual fill capacity greater than 250 liters.
Aegis
Aegis (JP 1-02)
A ship-based combat system that can detect, track, target, and engage air, surface, and subsurface threats, including ballistic missiles on some modified ships.
bulk storage
bulk storage (JP 1-02)
bullseye
bullseye (JP 1-02)
An established reference point from which the position of an object can be referenced.
bureau
bureau (JP 1-02)
A long-standing functional organization, with a supporting staff designed to perform a specific function or activity within a joint force commander’s headquarters.
burn notice
burn notice (JP 1-02)
An official statement by one intelligence agency to other agencies, domestic or foreign, that an individual or group is unreliable for any of a variety of reasons. 37 Intentionally Blank 38
cache
cache (JP 1-02)
A source of subsistence and supplies, typically containing items such as food, water, medical items, and/or communications equipment, packaged to prevent damage from exposure and hidden in isolated locations by such methods as burial, concealment, and/or submersion, to support isolated personnel.
call sign
call sign (JP 1-02)
Any combination of characters or pronounceable words, which identifies a communication facility, a command, an authority, an activity, or a unit; used primarily for establishing and maintaining communications.
campaign
campaign (JP 1-02)
A series of related major operations aimed at achieving strategic and operational objectives within a given time and space.
campaign plan
campaign plan (JP 1-02)
A joint operation plan for a series of related major operations aimed at achieving strategic or operational objectives within a given time and space.
campaign planning
campaign planning (JP 1-02)
The process whereby combatant commanders and subordinate joint force commanders translate national or theater strategy into operational concepts through the development of an operation plan for a campaign.
canalize
canalize (JP 1-02)
To restrict operations to a narrow zone by use of existing or reinforcing obstacles or by fire or bombing.
aerial port
aerial port (JP 1-02)
An airfield that has been designated for the sustained air movement of personnel and materiel as well as an authorized port for entrance into or departure from the country where located.
candidate target list
candidate target list (JP 1-02)
A list of objects or entities submitted by component commanders, appropriate agencies, or the joint force commander’s staff for further development and inclusion on the joint target list and/or restricted target list, or moved to the no-strike list.
cantilever lifting frame
cantilever lifting frame (JP 1-02)
Used to move Navy lighterage causeway systems on to and off of lighter aboard ship (LASH) vessels. This device is suspended from the Morgan LASH barge crane and can lift one causeway section at a time. It is designed to allow the long sections to clear the rear of the ship as they are lowered into the water.
capstone publication
capstone publication (JP 1-02)
The top joint doctrine publication in the hierarchy of joint publications that links joint doctrine to national strategy and the contributions of other government departments and agencies, multinational partners, and reinforces policy for command and control. (CJCSM 5120.01) 39
capstone requirements document
capstone requirements document (JP 1-02)
A document that contains performance-based requirements to facilitate development of individual operational requirements documents by providing a common framework and operational concept to guide their development.
cargo increment number
cargo increment number (JP 1-02)
A seven-character alphanumeric field that uniquely describes a non-unit-cargo entry (line) in the Joint Operation Planning and Execution System time-phased force and deployment data.
carrier air wing
carrier air wing (JP 1-02)
Two or more aircraft squadrons formed under one commander for administrative and tactical control of operations from a carrier.
carrier control zone
carrier control zone (JP 1-02)
The airspace within a circular limit defined by 5 miles horizontal radius from the carrier, extending upward from the surface to and including 2,500 feet unless otherwise designated for special operations, and is under the cognizance of the air officer during visual meteorological conditions.
carrier strike group
carrier strike group (JP 1-02)
A standing naval task group consisting of a carrier, embarked airwing, surface combatants, and submarines as assigned in direct support, operating in mutual support with the task of destroying hostile submarine, surface, and air forces within the group’s assigned operational area and striking at targets along hostile shore lines or projecting power inland.
cartridge actuated device
cartridge actuated device (JP 1-02)
Small explosive devices used to eject stores from launched devices, actuate other explosive systems, or provide initiation for aircrew escape devices.
CARVER
CARVER (JP 1-02)
A special operations forces acronym used throughout the targeting and mission planning cycle to assess mission validity and requirements. The acronym stands for criticality, accessibility, recuperability, vulnerability, effect, and recognizability.
aerial port squadron
aerial port squadron (JP 1-02)
An Air Force organization that operates and provides the functions assigned to aerial ports.
case
case (JP 1-02)
case officer
case officer (JP 1-02)
A professional employee of an intelligence or counterintelligence organization, who is responsible for providing directions for an agent operation and/or handling intelligence assets.
casual
casual (JP 1-02)
See transient.
casualty
casualty (JP 1-02)
Any person who is lost to the organization by having been declared dead, duty status – whereabouts unknown, missing, ill, or injured.
casualty category
casualty category (JP 1-02)
A term used to specifically classify a casualty for reporting purposes based upon the casualty type and the casualty status. Casualty categories include killed in action, died of wounds received in action, and wounded in action.
casualty evacuation
casualty evacuation (JP 1-02)
The unregulated movement of casualties that can include movement both to and between medical treatment facilities.
casualty receiving and treatment ship
casualty receiving and treatment ship (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, a ship designated to receive, provide treatment for, and transfer casualties.
casualty status
casualty status (JP 1-02)
A term used to classify a casualty for reporting purposes. There are seven casualty statuses: (1) deceased; (2) duty status - whereabouts unknown; (3) missing; (4) very seriously ill or injured; (5) seriously ill or injured; (6) incapacitating illness or injury; and (7) not seriously injured.
casualty type
casualty type (JP 1-02)
A term used to identify a casualty for reporting purposes as either a hostile casualty or a nonhostile casualty.
catastrophic event
catastrophic event (JP 1-02)
Any natural or man-made incident, including terrorism, which results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties, damage, or disruption severely affecting the population, infrastructure, environment, economy, national morale, and/or government functions.
accompanying supplies
accompanying supplies (JP 1-02)
Unit supplies that deploy with forces.
aeromedical evacuation
aeromedical evacuation (JP 1-02)
The movement of patients under medical supervision to and between medical treatment facilities by air transportation.
causeway
causeway (JP 1-02)
A craft similar in design to a barge, but longer and narrower, designed to assist in the discharge and transport of cargo from vessels.
causeway launching area
causeway launching area (JP 1-02)
An area located near the line of departure but clear of the approach lanes to an area located in the inner transport area.
caveat
caveat (JP 1-02)
A designator used with a classification to further limit the dissemination of restricted information.
C-day
C-day (JP 1-02)
The unnamed day on which a deployment operation commences or is to commence.
cease fire line
cease fire line (JP 1-02)
See armistice demarcation line.
cell
cell (JP 1-02)
A subordinate organization formed around a specific process, capability, or activity within a designated larger organization of a joint force commander’s headquarters. A cell usually is part of both a functional and traditional staff structures.
center
center (JP 1-02)
An enduring functional organization, with a supporting staff, designed to perform a joint function within a joint force commander’s headquarters.
center of burst
center of burst (JP 1-02)
center of gravity
center of gravity (JP 1-02)
The source of power that provides moral or physical strength, freedom of action, or will to act.
centigray
centigray (JP 1-02)
A unit of absorbed dose of radiation (one centigray equals one rad).
aeromedical evacuation control team
aeromedical evacuation control team (JP 1-02)
A core team assigned to a component-numbered air force, Air Force air and space operations center, or air mobility division that provides command and control of assigned aeromedical evacuation forces.
central control officer
central control officer (JP 1-02)
The officer designated by the amphibious task force commander for the overall coordination of the waterborne ship-to-shore movement. The central control officer is embarked in the central control ship.
centralized control
centralized control (JP 1-02)
1. In air defense, the control mode whereby a higher echelon makes direct target assignments to fire units.
chaff
chaff (JP 1-02)
Radar confusion reflectors, consisting of thin, narrow metallic strips of various lengths and frequency responses, which are used to reflect echoes for confusion purposes.
chain of command
chain of command (JP 1-02)
The succession of commanding officers from a superior to a subordinate through which command is exercised.
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instruction
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff instruction (JP 1-02)
A replacement document for all types of correspondence containing Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff policy and guidance that does not involve the employment of forces, which is of indefinite duration and is applicable to external agencies, or both the Joint Staff and external agencies. (CJCSM 5120.01)
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff manual
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff manual (JP 1-02)
A document containing detailed procedures for performing specific tasks that do not involve the employment of forces, which is of indefinite duration and is applicable to external agencies or both the Joint Staff and external agencies. (CJCSM 5120.01)
chalk number
chalk number (JP 1-02)
The number given to a complete load and to the transporting carrier.
change detection
change detection (JP 1-02)
An image enhancement technique that compares two images of the same area from different time periods. Identical picture elements are eliminated, leaving signatures that have undergone change.
channel airlift
channel airlift (JP 1-02)
Provides regularly scheduled airlift for movement of sustainment cargo, depending upon volume of workload, between designated aerial ports of embarkation and seaports of debarkation over validated contingency or distribution channel routes.
chart sheet
chart sheet (JP 1-02)
See map sheet.
aeromedical evacuation coordination center
aeromedical evacuation coordination center (JP 1-02)
A coordination center within the joint air operations center’s airlift coordination cell that monitors all activities related to aeromedical evacuation (AE) operations execution. It manages the medical aspects of the AE mission and serves as the net control station for AE communications. It coordinates medical requirements with airlift capability, assigns medical missions to the appropriate AE elements, and monitors patient movement activities.
chemical agent
chemical agent (JP 1-02)
A chemical substance which is intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure, or incapacitate mainly through its physiological effects. The term excludes riot control agents when used for law enforcement purposes, herbicides, smoke, and flames.
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear consequence management
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear consequence management (JP 1-02)
Actions taken to plan, prepare, respond to, and recover from chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear incidents.
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense (JP 1-02)
Measures taken to minimize or negate the vulnerabilities and/or effects of a chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear incident.
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear environment
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear environment (JP 1-02)
Conditions found in an area resulting from immediate or persisting effects of chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear attacks or unintentional releases.
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazard
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazard (JP 1-02)
Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear elements that could cause an adverse affect through their accidental or deliberate release, dissemination, or impacts.
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear passive defense
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear passive defense (JP 1-02)
Passive measures taken to minimize or negate the vulnerability to, and effects of, chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear attacks. This mission area focuses on maintaining the joint force’s ability to continue military operations in a chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear environment.
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection (JP 1-02)
Measures that are taken to keep chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats and hazards from having an adverse effect on personnel, equipment, or critical assets and facilities.
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear sense
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear sense (JP 1-02)
Activities that continually provide chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threat and hazard information and intelligence in a timely manner to support the common operational picture.
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear shape
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear shape (JP 1-02)
The command and control activity that integrates the sense, shield, and sustain operational elements to characterize chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazards and threats and employ necessary capabilities to counter their effects.
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear shield
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear shield (JP 1-02)
Individual and collective protection measures essential to mitigating the effects of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazards.
aeromedical evacuation system
aeromedical evacuation system (JP 1-02)
A system that provides: a. control of patient movement by air transport; b. specialized medical aircrew, medical crew augmentees, and specialty medical attendants and equipment for inflight medical care; c. facilities on or in the vicinity of air strips and air bases for the limited medical care of intransit patients entering, en route via, or leaving the system; and d. communication with originating, destination, and en route medical facilities concerning patient transportation.
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear sustain
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear sustain (JP 1-02)
The decontamination and medical activities to restore combat power and continue operations.
chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosives incident
chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosives incident (JP 1-02)
An emergency resulting from the deliberate or unintentional release of nuclear, biological, radiological, or toxic or poisonous chemical materials, or the detonation of a high-yield explosive.
chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear incident
chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear incident (JP 1-02)
Any occurrence, resulting from the use of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear weapons and devices; the emergence of secondary hazards arising from counterforce targeting; or the release of toxic industrial materials into the environment, involving the emergence of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear hazards.
chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapon
chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapon (JP 1-02)
A fully engineered assembly designed for employment to cause the release of a chemical or biological agent or radiological material onto a chosen target or to generate a nuclear detonation.
chemical hazard
chemical hazard (JP 1-02)
Any chemical manufactured, used, transported, or stored which can cause death or other harm through toxic properties of those materials. This includes chemical agents and chemical weapons (prohibited under the Chemical Weapons Convention), as well as toxic industrial chemicals and toxic industrial materials.
chemical warfare
chemical warfare (JP 1-02)
All aspects of military operations involving the employment of lethal and incapacitating munitions/agents and the warning and protective measures associated with such offensive operations. Since riot control agents and herbicides are not considered to be chemical warfare agents, those two items will be referred to separately or under the broader term “chemical,” which will be used to include all types of chemical munitions/agents collectively.
chemical weapon
chemical weapon (JP 1-02)
Together or separately, (a) a toxic chemical and its precursors, except when intended for a purpose not prohibited under the Chemical Weapons Convention; (b) a munition or device, specifically designed to cause death or other harm through 44 toxic properties of those chemicals specified in (a), above, which would be released as a result of the employment of such munition or device; (c) any equipment specifically designed for use directly in connection with the employment of munitions or devices specified in (b), above.
chief of mission
chief of mission (JP 1-02)
The principal officer (the ambassador) in charge of a diplomatic facility of the United States, including any individual assigned to be temporarily in charge of such a facility. The chief of mission is the personal representative of the President to the country of accreditation. The chief of mission is responsible for the direction, coordination, and supervision of all US Government executive branch employees in that country (except those under the command of a US area military commander). The security of the diplomatic post is the chief of mission’s direct responsibility.
chief of staff
chief of staff (JP 1-02)
The senior or principal member or head of a staff, or the principal assistant in a staff capacity to a person in a command capacity; the head or controlling member of a staff, for purposes of the coordination of its work; a position that in itself is without inherent power of command by reason of assignment, except that which is invested in such a position by delegation to exercise command in another’s name.
chief of station
chief of station (JP 1-02)
The senior United States intelligence officer in a foreign country and the direct representative of the Director National Intelligence, to whom the officer reports through the Director Central Intelligence Agency. Usually the senior representative of the Central Intelligence Agency assigned to a US mission.
aeromedical evacuation unit
aeromedical evacuation unit (JP 1-02)
An operational medical organization concerned primarily with the management and control of patients being transported via an aeromedical evacuation system or system echelon.
circular error probable
circular error probable (JP 1-02)
An indicator of the delivery accuracy of a weapon system, used as a factor in determining probable damage to a target. It is the radius of a circle within which half of a missile’s projectiles are expected to fall.
civic action
civic action (JP 1-02)
See military civic action.
civil administration
civil administration (JP 1-02)
An administration established by a foreign government in (1) friendly territory, under an agreement with the government of the area concerned, to exercise certain authority normally the function of the local government; or (2) hostile territory, occupied by United States forces, where a foreign government exercises executive, legislative, and judicial authority until an indigenous civil government can be established.
civil affairs
civil affairs (JP 1-02)
Designated Active and Reserve Component forces and units organized, trained, and equipped specifically to conduct civil affairs operations and to support civil-military operations.
civil affairs agreement
civil affairs agreement (JP 1-02)
An agreement that governs the relationship between allied armed forces located in a friendly country and the civil authorities and people of that country.
civil affairs operations
civil affairs operations (JP 1-02)
Those military operations conducted by civil affairs forces that (1) enhance the relationship between military forces and civil authorities in localities where military forces are present; (2) require coordination with other interagency organizations, intergovernmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, indigenous populations and institutions, and the private sector; and (3) involve application of functional specialty skills that normally are the responsibility of civil government to enhance the conduct of civil-military operations.
civil augmentation program
civil augmentation program (JP 1-02)
Standing, long-term external support contacts designed to augment Service logistic capabilities with contracted support in both preplanned and short notice contingencies. Examples include US Army Logistics Civil Augmentation Program, Air Force Contract Augmentation Program, and US Navy Global Contingency Capabilities Contracts.
civil authorities
civil authorities (JP 1-02)
Those elected and appointed officers and employees who constitute the government of the United States, the governments of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, United States possessions and territories, and political subdivisions thereof.
civil authority information support
civil authority information support (JP 1-02)
Department of Defense information activities conducted under a designated lead federal agency or other United States civil authority to support dissemination of public or other critical information during domestic emergencies.
civil defense
civil defense (JP 1-02)
All those activities and measures designed or undertaken to: a. minimize the effects upon the civilian population caused or which would be caused by an enemy attack on the United States; b. deal with the immediate emergency conditions that would be created by any such attack; and c. effectuate emergency repairs to, or the emergency restoration of, vital utilities and facilities destroyed or damaged by any such attack.
aeronautical chart
aeronautical chart (JP 1-02)
A specialized representation of mapped features of the Earth, or some part of it, produced to show selected terrain, cultural and hydrographic features, and supplemental information required for air navigation, pilotage, or for planning air operations.
civil defense emergency
civil defense emergency (JP 1-02)
See domestic emergencies.
civil disturbance
civil disturbance (JP 1-02)
Group acts of violence and disorder prejudicial to public law and order.
civil emergency
civil emergency (JP 1-02)
Any occasion or instance for which, in the determination of the President, federal assistance is needed to supplement state and local efforts and capabilities to save lives and to protect property and public health and safety, or to lessen or avert the threat of a catastrophe in any part of the United States.
civilian internee
civilian internee (JP 1-02)
A civilian who is interned during armed conflict, occupation, or other military operation for security reasons, for protection, or because he or she committed an offense against the detaining power. (DODD 2310.01E)
civil-military medicine
civil-military medicine (JP 1-02)
A discipline within operational medicine comprising public health and medical issues that involve a civil-military interface (foreign or domestic), including military medical support to civil authorities (domestic), medical engagement cooperation activities, and medical civil-military operations.
civil-military operations
civil-military operations (JP 1-02)
The activities of a commander that establish, maintain, influence, or exploit relations between military forces, governmental and nongovernmental civilian organizations and authorities, and the civilian populace in a friendly, neutral, or hostile operational area in order to facilitate military operations, to consolidate and achieve operational US objectives. Civil-military operations may include performance by military forces of activities and functions normally the responsibility of the local, regional, or national government. These activities may occur prior to, during, or subsequent to other military actions. They may also occur, if directed, in the absence of other military operations. Civil-military operations may be performed by designated civil affairs, by other military forces, or by a combination of civil affairs and other forces.
civil-military operations center
civil-military operations center (JP 1-02)
An organization normally comprised of civil affairs, established to plan and facilitate coordination of activities of the Armed Forces of the United States with indigenous populations and institutions, the private sector, intergovernmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, multinational forces, and other governmental agencies in support of the joint force commander.
civil requirements
civil requirements (JP 1-02)
The necessary production and distribution of all types of services, supplies, and equipment during periods of armed conflict or occupation to ensure the productive efficiency of the civilian economy and to provide to civilians the treatment and protection to which they are entitled under customary and conventional international law.
Civil Reserve Air Fleet
Civil Reserve Air Fleet (JP 1-02)
A program in which the Department of Defense contracts for the services of specific aircraft, owned by a US entity or citizen, during national emergencies and defense-oriented situations when expanded civil augmentation of military airlift activity is required. These aircraft are allocated, in accordance with Department of Defense requirements, to segments, according to their capabilities, such as international long range and short range cargo and passenger sections, national (domestic and Alaskan sections) and aeromedical evacuation and other segments as may be mutually agreed upon by the Department of Defense and the Department of Transportation.
civil search and rescue
civil search and rescue (JP 1-02)
Search and/or rescue operations and associated civilian services provided to assist persons in potential or actual distress and protect property in a nonhostile environment.
aerospace defense
aerospace defense (JP 1-02)
civil support
civil support (JP 1-02)
Department of Defense support to US civil authorities for domestic emergencies, and for designated law enforcement and other activities.
civil transportation
civil transportation (JP 1-02)
The movement of persons, property, or mail by civil facilities, and the resources (including storage, except that for agricultural and petroleum products) necessary to accomplish the movement. (Excludes transportation operated or controlled by the military as well as petroleum and gas pipelines.)
clandestine
clandestine (JP 1-02)
Any activity or operation sponsored or conducted by governmental departments or agencies with the intent to assure secrecy and concealment.
clandestine intelligence collection
clandestine intelligence collection (JP 1-02)
The acquisition of protected intelligence information in a way designed to conceal the nature of the operation and protect the source.
clandestine operation
clandestine operation (JP 1-02)
An operation sponsored or conducted by governmental departments or agencies in such a way as to assure secrecy or concealment. A clandestine operation differs from a covert operation in that emphasis is placed on concealment of the operation rather than on concealment of the identity of the sponsor. In special operations, an activity may be both covert and clandestine and may focus equally on operational considerations and intelligence-related activities.
classes of supply
classes of supply (JP 1-02)
The ten categories into which supplies are grouped in order to facilitate supply management and planning. I. Rations and gratuitous issue of health, morale, and welfare items. II. Clothing, individual equipment, tentage, tool sets, and administrative and housekeeping supplies and equipment. III. Petroleum, oils, and lubricants. IV. Construction materials. V. Ammunition. VI. Personal demand items. VII. Major end items, including tanks, helicopters, and radios. VIII. Medical. IX. Repair parts and components for equipment maintenance. X. Nonstandard items to support nonmilitary programs such as agriculture and economic development.
classification
classification (JP 1-02)
The determination that official information requires, in the interests of national security, a specific degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure, coupled with a designation signifying that such a determination has been made.
classified information
classified information (JP 1-02)
Official information that has been determined to require, in the interests of national security, protection against unauthorized disclosure and which has been so designated.
clearance capacity
clearance capacity (JP 1-02)
An estimate expressed in agreed upon units of cargo measurement per day of the cargo or people that may be transported inland from a beach or port over the available means of inland communication, including roads, railroads, airlift, and inland waterways.
clearance decontamination
clearance decontamination (JP 1-02)
The final level of decontamination that provides the decontamination of equipment and personnel to a level that allows unrestricted transportation, maintenance, employment, and disposal.
afloat pre-positioning force
afloat pre-positioning force (JP 1-02)
Shipping maintained in full operational status to afloat preposition military equipment and supplies in support of combatant commanders’ operation plans, consisting of the three maritime pre-positioning ships squadrons, the Army’s afloat pre-positioning stocks-3 ships, and the Defense Logistics Agency, and the Air Force ships.
clearing operation
clearing operation (JP 1-02)
An operation designed to clear or neutralize all mines and obstacles from a route or area.
close air support
close air support (JP 1-02)
Air action by fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft against hostile targets that are in close proximity to friendly forces and that require detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of those forces.
close support
close support (JP 1-02)
That action of the supporting force against targets or objectives which are sufficiently near the supported force as to require detailed integration or coordination of the supporting action with the fire, movement, or other actions of the supported force.
close support area
close support area (JP 1-02)
Those parts of the ocean operating areas nearest to, but not necessarily in, the objective area. They are assigned to naval support carrier strike groups, surface action groups, surface action units, and certain logistic combat service support elements.
closure
closure (JP 1-02)
In transportation, the process of a unit’s arriving at a specified location.
coalition
coalition (JP 1-02)
An arrangement between two or more nations for common action.
coastal sea control
coastal sea control (JP 1-02)
The employment of forces to ensure the unimpeded use of an offshore coastal area by friendly forces and, as appropriate, to deny the use of the area to enemy forces.
code word
code word (JP 1-02)
collate
collate (JP 1-02)
collateral damage
collateral damage (JP 1-02)
Unintentional or incidental injury or damage to persons or objects that would not be lawful military targets in the circumstances ruling at the time. Such damage is not unlawful so long as it is not excessive in light of the overall military advantage anticipated from the attack.
afloat pre-positioning operations
afloat pre-positioning operations (JP 1-02)
Pre-positioning of ships, preloaded with equipment and supplies (including ammunition and petroleum) that provides for an alternative to land-based programs. This concept provides for ships and onboard force support equipment and supplies positioned near potential crisis areas that can be delivered rapidly to joint airlifted forces in the operational area. Afloat pre-positioning in forward areas enhances a force’s capability to respond to a crisis, resulting in faster reaction time.
collection
collection (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, the acquisition of information and the provision of this information to processing elements.
collection agency
collection agency (JP 1-02)
Any individual, organization, or unit that has access to sources of information and the capability of collecting information from them.
collection asset
collection asset (JP 1-02)
A collection system, platform, or capability that is supporting, assigned, or attached to a particular commander.
collection management
collection management (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, the process of converting intelligence requirements into collection requirements, establishing priorities, tasking or coordinating with appropriate collection sources or agencies, monitoring results, and retasking, as required.
collection management authority
collection management authority (JP 1-02)
Within the Department of Defense, collection management authority constitutes the authority to establish, prioritize, and validate theater collection requirements, establish sensor tasking guidance, and develop theaterwide collection policies.
collection manager
collection manager (JP 1-02)
An individual with responsibility for the timely and efficient tasking of organic collection resources and the development of requirements for theater and national assets that could satisfy specific information needs in support of the mission.
collection operations management
collection operations management (JP 1-02)
The authoritative direction, scheduling, and control of specific collection operations and associated processing, exploitation, and reporting resources.
collection plan
collection plan (JP 1-02)
A plan for collecting information from all available sources to meet intelligence requirements and for transforming those requirements into orders and requests to appropriate agencies.
collection planning
collection planning (JP 1-02)
A continuous process that coordinates and integrates the efforts of all collection units and agencies.
collection point
collection point (JP 1-02)
A point designated for the assembly of personnel casualties, stragglers, disabled materiel, salvage, etc., for further movement to collecting stations or rear installations.
agency
agency (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, an organization or individual engaged in collecting and/or processing information.
collection requirement
collection requirement (JP 1-02)
collection requirements management
collection requirements management (JP 1-02)
The authoritative development and control of collection, processing, exploitation, and/or reporting requirements that normally result in either the direct tasking of assets over which the collection manager has authority, or the generation of tasking requests to collection management authorities at a higher, lower, or lateral echelon to accomplish the collection mission.
collection resource
collection resource (JP 1-02)
A collection system, platform, or capability that is not assigned or attached to a specific unit or echelon which must be requested and coordinated through the chain of command.
collective protection
collective protection (JP 1-02)
The protection provided to a group of individuals which permits relaxation of individual chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection.
colored beach
colored beach (JP 1-02)
That portion of usable coastline sufficient for the assault landing of a regimental landing team or similar sized unit. In the event that the landing force consists of a single battalion landing team, a colored beach will be used and no further subdivision of the beach is required.
combat air patrol
combat air patrol (JP 1-02)
An aircraft patrol provided over an objective area, the force protected, the critical area of a combat zone, or in an air defense area, for the purpose of intercepting and destroying hostile aircraft before they reach their targets.
combat and operational stress
combat and operational stress (JP 1-02)
The expected and predictable emotional, intellectual, physical, and/or behavioral reactions of Service members who have been exposed to stressful events in war or military operations other than war. Combat stress reactions vary in quality and severity as a function of operational conditions, such as intensity, duration, rules of engagement, leadership, effective communication, unit morale, unit cohesion, and perceived importance of the mission.
combat and operational stress control
combat and operational stress control (JP 1-02)
Programs developed and actions taken by military leadership to prevent, identify, and manage adverse combat and operational stress reactions in units; optimize mission performance; conserve fighting strength; prevent or minimize adverse effects of combat and operational stress on members’ physical, psychological, intellectual and social health; and to return the unit or Service member to duty expeditiously.
combatant command
combatant command (JP 1-02)
A unified or specified command with a broad continuing mission under a single commander established and so designated by the President, through the Secretary of Defense and with the advice and assistance of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Combatant commands typically have geographic or functional responsibilities.
combatant command chaplain
combatant command chaplain (JP 1-02)
The senior chaplain assigned to the staff of, or designated by, the combatant commander to provide advice on religion, ethics, and morale of assigned personnel and to coordinate religious ministries within the combatant commander’s area of responsibility.
accountability
accountability (JP 1-02)
The obligation imposed by law or lawful order or regulation on an officer or other person for keeping accurate record of property, documents, or funds.
agent
agent (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, one who is authorized or instructed to obtain or to assist in obtaining information for intelligence or counterintelligence purposes.
combatant command (command authority)
combatant command (command authority) (JP 1-02)
Nontransferable command authority established by Title 10 (“Armed Forces”), United States Code, Section 164, exercised only by commanders of unified or specified combatant commands unless otherwise directed by the President or the Secretary of Defense. Combatant command (command authority) cannot be delegated and is the authority of a combatant commander to perform those functions of command over assigned forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction over all aspects of military operations, joint training, and logistics necessary to accomplish the missions assigned to the command. Combatant command (command authority) should be exercised through the commanders of subordinate organizations. Normally this authority is exercised through subordinate joint force commanders and Service and/or functional component commanders. Combatant command (command authority) provides full authority to organize and employ commands and forces as the combatant commander considers necessary to accomplish assigned missions. Operational control is inherent in combatant command (command authority).
combatant commander
combatant commander (JP 1-02)
A commander of one of the unified or specified combatant commands established by the President.
combatant commander logistic procurement support board
combatant commander logistic procurement support board (JP 1-02)
A combatant commander-level joint board established to ensure that contracting support and other sources of support are properly synchronized across the entire area of responsibility.
combatant command support agent
combatant command support agent (JP 1-02)
The Secretary of a Military Department to whom the Secretary of Defense or the Deputy Secretary of Defense has assigned administrative and logistical support of the headquarters of a combatant command, United States Element, North American Aerospace Defense Command, or subordinate unified command. The nature and scope of the combatant command support agent responsibilities, functions, and authorities shall be prescribed at the time of assignment or in keeping with existing agreements and practices, and they shall remain in effect until the Secretary of Defense or the Deputy Secretary of Defense revokes, supersedes, or modifies them. (DODD 5100.03)
combat assessment
combat assessment (JP 1-02)
The determination of the overall effectiveness of force employment during military operations. Combat assessment is composed of three major components: (a) battle damage assessment; (b) munitions effectiveness assessment; and (c) reattack recommendation.
combat camera
combat camera (JP 1-02)
The acquisition and utilization of still and motion imagery in support of operational and planning requirements across the range of military operations and during joint exercises.
combat cargo officer
combat cargo officer (JP 1-02)
An embarkation officer assigned to major amphibious ships or naval staffs, functioning primarily as an adviser to and representative of the naval commander in matters pertaining to embarkation and debarkation of troops and their supplies and equipment.
combat chart
combat chart (JP 1-02)
A special naval chart, at a scale of 1:50,000, designed for naval surface fire support and close air support during coastal or amphibious operations and showing detailed hydrography and topography in the coastal belt.
combat control team
combat control team (JP 1-02)
A small task organized team of Air Force parachute and combat diver qualified personnel trained and equipped to rapidly establish and control drop, landing, and extraction zone air traffic in austere or hostile conditions. They survey and establish terminal airheads as well as provide guidance to aircraft for airlift operations. They provide command and control, and conduct reconnaissance, surveillance, and survey assessments of potential objective airfields or assault zones. They also can perform limited weather observations and removal of obstacles or unexploded ordinance with demolitions.
combat engineering
combat engineering (JP 1-02)
Engineering capabilities and activities that closely support the maneuver of land combat forces consisting of three types: mobility, countermobility, and survivability.
aimpoint
aimpoint (JP 1-02)
combat identification
combat identification (JP 1-02)
The process of attaining an accurate characterization of detected objects in the operational environment sufficient to support an engagement decision.
combat information
combat information (JP 1-02)
Unevaluated data, gathered by or provided directly to the tactical commander which, due to its highly perishable nature or the criticality of the situation, cannot be processed into tactical intelligence in time to satisfy the user’s tactical intelligence requirements.
combat information center
combat information center (JP 1-02)
The agency in a ship or aircraft manned and equipped to collect, display, evaluate, and disseminate tactical information for the use of the embarked flag officer, commanding officer, and certain control agencies.
combating terrorism
combating terrorism (JP 1-02)
Actions, including antiterrorism and counterterrorism, taken to oppose terrorism throughout the entire threat spectrum.
combat intelligence
combat intelligence (JP 1-02)
That knowledge of the enemy, weather, and geographical features required by a commander in the planning and conduct of combat operations.
combat loading
combat loading (JP 1-02)
The arrangement of personnel and the stowage of equipment and supplies in a manner designed to conform to the anticipated tactical operation of the organization embarked. Each individual item is stowed so that it can be unloaded at the required time.
combat organizational loading
combat organizational loading (JP 1-02)
A method of loading by which a unit with its equipment and initial supplies is loaded into a single ship, together with other units, in such a manner as to be available for unloading in a predetermined order.
combat power
combat power (JP 1-02)
The total means of destructive and/or disruptive force which a military unit/formation can apply against the opponent at a given time.
combat readiness
combat readiness (JP 1-02)
Synonymous with operational readiness, with respect to missions or functions performed in combat.
combat search and rescue
combat search and rescue (JP 1-02)
The tactics, techniques, and procedures performed by forces to effect the recovery of isolated personnel during combat.
air and missile defense
air and missile defense (JP 1-02)
Direct [active and passive] defensive actions taken to destroy, nullify, or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air and ballistic missile threats against friendly forces and assets.
combat search and rescue task force
combat search and rescue task force (JP 1-02)
All forces committed to a specific combat search and rescue operation to locate, identify, support, and recover isolated personnel during combat.
combat service support
combat service support (JP 1-02)
The essential capabilities, functions, activities, and tasks necessary to sustain all elements of operating forces in theater at all levels of war. Within the national and theater logistic systems, it includes but is not limited to that support rendered by service forces in ensuring the aspects of supply, maintenance, 54 transportation, health services, and other services required by aviation and ground combat troops to permit those units to accomplish their missions in combat. Combat service support encompasses those activities at all levels of war that produce sustainment to all operating forces on the battlefield.
combat service support area
combat service support area (JP 1-02)
An area ashore that is organized to contain the necessary supplies, equipment, installations, and elements to provide the landing force with combat service support throughout the operation.
combat service support elements
combat service support elements (JP 1-02)
Those elements whose primary missions are to provide service support to combat forces and which are a part, or prepared to become a part, of a theater, command, or task force formed for combat operations.
combat spread loading
combat spread loading (JP 1-02)
A method of combat loading by which some of the troops, equipment, and initial supplies of a unit are loaded in one ship and the remainder are loaded in one or more others. This method is commonly used for troop units with heavy equipment.
combat support
combat support (JP 1-02)
Fire support and operational assistance provided to combat elements.
combat support agency
combat support agency (JP 1-02)
A Department of Defense agency so designated by Congress or the Secretary of Defense that supports military combat operations.
combat surveillance
combat surveillance (JP 1-02)
A continuous, all-weather, day-and-night, systematic watch over the battle area in order to provide timely information for tactical combat operations.
combat survival
combat survival (JP 1-02)
Those measures to be taken by Service personnel when involuntarily separated from friendly forces in combat, including procedures relating to individual survival, evasion, escape, and conduct after capture.
combat unit loading
combat unit loading (JP 1-02)
A method of loading by which all or a part of a combat unit, such as an assault battalion landing team, is completely loaded in a single ship, with essential combat equipment and supplies, in such a manner as to be immediately available to support the tactical plan upon debarkation, and to provide a maximum of flexibility to meet possible changes in the tactical plan.
air and space expeditionary task force
air and space expeditionary task force (JP 1-02)
A deployed numbered air force or command echelon immediately subordinate to a numbered air force provided as the United States Air Force component command committed to a joint operation.
combined
combined (JP 1-02)
Between two or more forces or agencies of two or more allies. (When all allies or services are not involved, the participating nations and services shall be identified, e.g., combined navies.) 55
combined arms team
combined arms team (JP 1-02)
The full integration and application of two or more arms or elements of one Military Service into an operation.
combined force
combined force (JP 1-02)
A military force composed of elements of two or more allied nations.
command
command (JP 1-02)
command and control
command and control (JP 1-02)
The exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission. Command and control functions are performed through an arrangement of personnel, equipment, communications, facilities, and procedures employed by a commander in planning, directing, coordinating, and controlling forces and operations in the accomplishment of the mission.
command and control system
command and control system (JP 1-02)
The facilities, equipment, communications, procedures, and personnel essential to a commander for planning, directing, and controlling operations of assigned and attached forces pursuant to the missions assigned.
command chaplain
command chaplain (JP 1-02)
The senior chaplain assigned to or designated by a commander of a staff, command, or unit.
command element
command element (JP 1-02)
The core element of a Marine air-ground task force that is the headquarters. The command element is composed of the commander, general or executive and special staff sections, headquarters section, and requisite communications support, intelligence, and reconnaissance forces necessary to accomplish the mission. The command element provides command and control, intelligence, and other support essential for effective planning and execution of operations by the other elements of the Marine air-ground task force. The command element varies in size and composition.
commander, amphibious task force
commander, amphibious task force (JP 1-02)
The Navy officer designated in the initiating directive as the commander of the amphibious task force.
commander, landing force
commander, landing force (JP 1-02)
The officer designated in the initiating directive as the commander of the landing force for an amphibious operation.
air and space operations center
air and space operations center (JP 1-02)
The senior agency of the Air Force component commander that provides command and control of Air Force air and space operations and coordinates with other components and Services.
commander’s critical information requirement
commander’s critical information requirement (JP 1-02)
An information requirement identified by the commander as being critical to facilitating timely decision making.
commander’s estimate
commander’s estimate (JP 1-02)
A developed course of action designed to provide the Secretary of Defense with military options to meet a potential contingency.
commander’s intent
commander’s intent (JP 1-02)
A clear and concise expression of the purpose of the operation and the desired military end state that supports mission command, provides focus to the staff, and helps subordinate and supporting commanders act to achieve the commander’s desired results without further orders, even when the operation does not unfold as planned.
commander’s required delivery date
commander’s required delivery date (JP 1-02)
The original date relative to C-day, specified by the combatant commander for arrival of forces or cargo at the destination; shown in the time-phased force and deployment data to assess the impact of later arrival.
command information
command information (JP 1-02)
Communication by a military organization directed to the internal audience that creates an awareness of the organization’s goals, informs them of significant developments affecting them and the organization, increases their effectiveness as ambassadors of the organization, and keeps them informed about what is going on in the organization.
commanding officer of troops
commanding officer of troops (JP 1-02)
On a ship that has embarked units, a designated officer (usually the senior embarking unit commander) who is responsible for the administration, discipline, and training of all embarked units.
command net
command net (JP 1-02)
(*) A communications network which connects an echelon of command with some or all of its subordinate echelons for the purpose of command and control.
command post exercise
command post exercise (JP 1-02)
An exercise in which the forces are simulated, involving the commander, the staff, and communications within and between headquarters.
command relationships
command relationships (JP 1-02)
The interrelated responsibilities between commanders, as well as the operational authority exercised by commanders in the chain of command; defined further as combatant command (command authority), operational control, tactical control, or support.
command-sponsored dependent
command-sponsored dependent (JP 1-02)
A dependent entitled to travel to overseas commands at government expense and endorsed by the appropriate military commander to be present in a dependent’s status.
air apportionment
air apportionment (JP 1-02)
The determination and assignment of the total expected effort by percentage and/or by priority that should be devoted to the various air operations for a given period of time.
commercial items
commercial items (JP 1-02)
Articles of supply readily available from established commercial distribution sources which the Department of Defense or inventory managers in the Military Services have designated to be obtained directly or indirectly from such sources.
commercial loading
commercial loading (JP 1-02)
See administrative loading.
commercial vehicle
commercial vehicle (JP 1-02)
A vehicle that has evolved in the commercial market to meet civilian requirements and which is selected from existing production lines for military use.
commit
commit (JP 1-02)
The process of assigning one or more aircraft or surface-to-air missile units to prepare to engage an entity, prior to authorizing such engagement.
commodity manager
commodity manager (JP 1-02)
An individual within the organization of an inventory control point or other such organization assigned management responsibility for homogeneous grouping of materiel items.
commonality
commonality (JP 1-02)
A quality that applies to materiel or systems: a. possessing like and interchangeable characteristics enabling each to be utilized, or operated and maintained, by personnel trained on the others without additional specialized training; b. having interchangeable repair parts and/or components; and c. applying to consumable items interchangeably equivalent without adjustment.
common item
common item (JP 1-02)
common operating environment
common operating environment (JP 1-02)
Automation services that support the development of the common reusable software modules that enable interoperability across multiple combat support applications.
common operational picture
common operational picture (JP 1-02)
A single identical display of relevant information shared by more than one command that facilitates collaborative planning and assists all echelons to achieve situational awareness.
common servicing
common servicing (JP 1-02)
Functions performed by one Service in support of another for which reimbursement is not required.
air assault
air assault (JP 1-02)
The movement of friendly assault forces (combat, combat support, and combat service support) by rotary-wing aircraft to engage and destroy enemy forces or to seize and hold key terrain.
common supplies
common supplies (JP 1-02)
Those supplies common to two or more Services.
common tactical picture
common tactical picture (JP 1-02)
An accurate and complete display of relevant tactical data that integrates tactical information from the multi-tactical data link network, ground network, intelligence network, and sensor networks.
common use
common use (JP 1-02)
Services, materiel, or facilities provided by a Department of Defense agency or a Military Department on a common basis for two or more Department of Defense agencies, elements, or other organizations as directed.
common-use container
common-use container (JP 1-02)
Any Department of Defense-owned, -leased, or -controlled 20or 40-foot International Organization for Standardization container managed by US Transportation Command as an element of the Department of Defense common-use container system.
common-user airlift service
common-user airlift service (JP 1-02)
The airlift service provided on a common basis for all Department of Defense agencies and, as authorized, for other agencies of the US Government.
common-user item
common-user item (JP 1-02)
An item of an interchangeable nature which is in common use by two or more nations or Services of a nation.
common-user land transportation
common-user land transportation (JP 1-02)
Point-to-point land transportation service operated by a single Service for common use by two or more Services.
common-user logistics
common-user logistics (JP 1-02)
Materiel or service support shared with or provided by two or more Services, Department of Defense agencies, or multinational partners to another Service, Department of Defense agency, non-Department of Defense agency, and/or multinational partner in an operation. Common-user logistics is usually restricted to a particular type of supply and/or service and may be further restricted to specific unit(s) or types of units, specific times, missions, and/or geographic areas.
common-user network
common-user network (JP 1-02)
A system of circuits or channels allocated to furnish communication paths between switching centers to provide communication service on 59 a common basis to all connected stations or subscribers. It is sometimes described as a general purpose network.
common-user ocean terminals
common-user ocean terminals (JP 1-02)
A military installation, part of a military installation, or a commercial facility operated under contract or arrangement by the Surface Deployment and Distribution Command which regularly provides for two or more Services terminal functions of receipt, transit storage or staging, processing, and loading and unloading of passengers or cargo aboard ships.
air assault force
air assault force (JP 1-02)
A force composed primarily of ground and rotary-wing air units organized, equipped, and trained for air assault operations.
common-user sealift
common-user sealift (JP 1-02)
The sealift services provided on a common basis for all Department of Defense agencies and, as authorized, for other agencies of the US Government. The Military Sealift Command, a transportation component command of the US Transportation Command, provides common-user sealift for which users reimburse the transportation accounts of the Transportation Working Capital Fund.
common-user transportation
common-user transportation (JP 1-02)
Transportation and transportation services provided on a common basis for two or more Department of Defense agencies and, as authorized, non-Department of Defense agencies.
communicate
communicate (JP 1-02)
To use any means or method to convey information of any kind from one person or place to another.
communications intelligence
communications intelligence (JP 1-02)
Technical information and intelligence derived from foreign communications by other than the intended recipients.
communications network
communications network (JP 1-02)
An organization of stations capable of intercommunications, but not necessarily on the same channel.
communications satellite
communications satellite (JP 1-02)
An orbiting vehicle, which relays signals between communications stations. There are two types: a. active communications satellite — A satellite that receives, regenerates, and retransmits signals between stations; b.
passive communications satellite
passive communications satellite (JP 1-02)
A satellite which reflects communications signals between stations.
communications security
communications security (JP 1-02)
The protection resulting from all measures designed to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derived from the possession and study of telecommunications, or to mislead unauthorized persons in their interpretation of the results of such possession and study.
communications security material
communications security material (JP 1-02)
All documents, devices, equipment, or apparatus, including cryptomaterial, used in establishing or maintaining secure communications.
communications security monitoring
communications security monitoring (JP 1-02)
The act of listening to, copying, or recording transmissions of one’s own circuits (or when specially agreed, e.g., in allied exercises, 60 those of friendly forces) to provide material for communications security analysis in order to determine the degree of security being provided to those transmissions. In particular, the purposes include providing a basis for advising commanders on the security risks resulting from their transmissions, improving the security of communications, and planning and conducting manipulative communications deception operations.
air assault operation
air assault operation (JP 1-02)
An operation in which assault forces (combat, combat support, and combat service support), using the mobility of rotary-wing assets and the total integration of available firepower, maneuver under the control of a ground or air maneuver commander to engage enemy forces or to seize and hold key terrain.
community engagement
community engagement (JP 1-02)
Those public affairs activities that support the relationship between military and civilian communities.
compartmentation
compartmentation (JP 1-02)
complaint-type investigation
complaint-type investigation (JP 1-02)
A counterintelligence investigation in which sabotage, espionage, treason, sedition, subversive activity, or disaffection is suspected.
completeness
completeness (JP 1-02)
The joint operation plan review criterion for assessing whether operation plans incorporate major operations and tasks to be accomplished and to what degree they include forces required, deployment concept, employment concept, sustainment concept, time estimates for achieving objectives, description of the end state, mission success criteria, and mission termination criteria.
complete round
complete round (JP 1-02)
A term applied to an assemblage of explosive and nonexplosive components designed to perform a specific function at the time and under the conditions desired. Examples of complete rounds of ammunition are: a. separate loading, consisting of a primer, propelling charge and, except for blank ammunition, a projectile and a fuze; b. fixed or semifixed, consisting of a primer, propelling charge, cartridge case, a projectile and, except when solid projectiles are used, a fuze; c. bomb, consisting of all component parts required to drop and function the bomb once; d. missile, consisting of a complete warhead section and a missile body with its associated components and propellants; and e. rocket, consisting of all components necessary to function.
component
component (JP 1-02)
1. One of the subordinate organizations that constitute a joint force. Normally a joint force is organized with a combination of Service and functional components.
component-owned container
component-owned container (JP 1-02)
A 20- or 40-foot International Organization for Standardization container procured and owned by a single Department of Defense 61 component. May be either on an individual unit property book or contained within a component pool (e.g., Marine Corps maritime pre-positioning force containers). May be temporarily assigned to the Department of Defense common-use container system.
composite warfare commander
composite warfare commander (JP 1-02)
An officer to whom the officer in tactical command of a naval task organization may delegate authority to conduct some or all of the offensive and defensive functions of the force.
compromise
compromise (JP 1-02)
The known or suspected exposure of clandestine personnel, installations, or other assets or of classified information or material, to an unauthorized person.
compromised
compromised (JP 1-02)
A term applied to classified matter, knowledge of which has, in whole or in part, passed to an unauthorized person or persons, or which has been subject to risk of such passing.
airborne
airborne (JP 1-02)
computer intrusion
computer intrusion (JP 1-02)
An incident of unauthorized access to data or an automated information system.
computer intrusion detection
computer intrusion detection (JP 1-02)
The process of identifying that a computer intrusion has been attempted, is occurring, or has occurred.
computer network attack
computer network attack (JP 1-02)
Actions taken through the use of computer networks to disrupt, deny, degrade, or destroy information resident in computers and computer networks, or the computers and networks themselves.
computer network defense
computer network defense (JP 1-02)
Actions taken to protect, monitor, analyze, detect, and respond to unauthorized activity within the Department of Defense information systems and computer networks.
computer network exploitation
computer network exploitation (JP 1-02)
Enabling operations and intelligence collection capabilities conducted through the use of computer networks to gather data from target or adversary automated information systems or networks.
computer network operations
computer network operations (JP 1-02)
Comprised of computer network attack, computer network defense, and related computer network exploitation enabling operations.
computer security
computer security (JP 1-02)
The protection resulting from all measures to deny unauthorized access and exploitation of friendly computer systems.
computer simulation
computer simulation (JP 1-02)
See configuration management; validation; verification.
concept of fires
concept of fires (JP 1-02)
A verbal or graphic statement that clearly and concisely expresses how lethal and nonlethal fires will be synchronized and integrated to support the commander’s operational objectives.
concept of intelligence operations
concept of intelligence operations (JP 1-02)
A verbal or graphic statement, in broad outline, of an intelligence directorate’s assumptions or intent in regard to intelligence support of an operation or series of operations. The concept of intelligence operations, which supports the commander’s concept of operations, is contained in the intelligence annex of operation plans. The concept of intelligence operations is designed to give an overall picture of intelligence support for joint operations. It is included primarily for additional clarity of purpose.
acoustic intelligence
acoustic intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence derived from the collection and processing of acoustic phenomena.
airborne alert
airborne alert (JP 1-02)
A state of aircraft readiness wherein combat-equipped aircraft are airborne and ready for immediate action to reduce reaction time and to increase survivability.
concept of logistic support
concept of logistic support (JP 1-02)
A verbal or graphic statement, in a broad outline, of how a commander intends to support and integrate with a concept of operations in an operation or campaign.
concept of operations
concept of operations (JP 1-02)
A verbal or graphic statement that clearly and concisely expresses what the joint force commander intends to accomplish and how it will be done using available resources.
concept plan
concept plan (JP 1-02)
In the context of joint operation planning level 3 planning detail, an operation plan in an abbreviated format that may require considerable expansion or alteration to convert it into a complete operation plan or operation order.
condition
condition (JP 1-02)
conduits
conduits (JP 1-02)
Within military deception, conduits are information or intelligence gateways to the deception target. Examples of conduits include: foreign intelligence and security services, intelligence collection platforms, open-source intelligence, news media— foreign and domestic.
confidential
confidential (JP 1-02)
Security classification that shall be applied to information, the unauthorized disclosure of which reasonably could be expected to cause damage to the national security that the original classification authority is able to identify or describe. (EO 13526) 63
configuration management
configuration management (JP 1-02)
A discipline applying technical and administrative direction and surveillance to: (1) identify and document the functional and physical characteristics of a configuration item; (2) control changes to those characteristics; and (3) record and report changes to processing and implementation status.
confirmation of information (intelligence)
confirmation of information (intelligence) (JP 1-02)
An information item is said to be confirmed when it is reported for the second time, preferably by another independent source whose reliability is considered when confirming information.
conflict prevention
conflict prevention (JP 1-02)
A peace operation employing complementary diplomatic, civil, and, when necessary, military means, to monitor and identify the causes of conflict, and take timely action to prevent the occurrence, escalation, or resumption of hostilities. Activities aimed at conflict prevention are often conducted under Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter. Conflict prevention can include fact-finding missions, consultations, warnings, inspections, and monitoring.
constellation
constellation (JP 1-02)
A number of like satellites that are part of a system. Satellites in a constellation generally have a similar orbit. For example, the Global Positioning System constellation consists of 24 satellites distributed in six orbital planes with similar eccentricities, altitudes, and inclinations.
airborne assault
airborne assault (JP 1-02)
See assault phase.
constraint
constraint (JP 1-02)
In the context of joint operation planning, a requirement placed on the command by a higher command that dictates an action, thus restricting freedom of action.
consumer
consumer (JP 1-02)
Person or agency that uses information or intelligence produced by either its own staff or other agencies.
consumer logistics
consumer logistics (JP 1-02)
That part of logistics concerning reception of the initial product, storage, inspection, distribution, transport, maintenance (including repair and serviceability), and disposal of materiel as well as the provision of support and services. In consequence, consumer logistics includes materiel requirements determination, follow-on support, stock control, provision or construction of facilities (excluding any materiel element and those facilities needed to support production logistic activities), movement control, codification, reliability and defect reporting, storage, transport and handling safety standards, and related training.
consumption rate
consumption rate (JP 1-02)
The average quantity of an item consumed or expended during a given time interval, expressed in quantities by the most appropriate unit of measurement per applicable stated basis.
contact mine
contact mine (JP 1-02)
A mine detonated by physical contact.
contact point
contact point (JP 1-02)
1. In land warfare, a point on the terrain, easily identifiable, where two or more units are required to make contact.
contact procedure
contact procedure (JP 1-02)
Those predesignated actions taken by isolated personnel and recovery forces that permit link-up between the two parties in hostile territory and facilitate the return of isolated personnel to friendly control.
container
container (JP 1-02)
An article of transport equipment that meets American National Standards Institute/International Organization for Standardization standards that is designed to be transported by various modes of transportation. These containers are also designed to facilitate and optimize the carriage of goods by one or more modes of transportation without intermediate handling of the contents and equipped with features permitting ready handling and transfer from one mode to another. Containers may be fully enclosed with one or more doors, open top, refrigerated, tank, open rack, gondola, flatrack, and other designs.
container control officer
container control officer (JP 1-02)
A designated official (E6 or above or civilian equivalent) within a command, installation, or activity who is responsible for control, reporting, use, and maintenance of all Department of Defense-owned and controlled intermodal containers and equipment. This officer has custodial responsibility for containers from time received until dispatched.
container-handling equipment
container-handling equipment (JP 1-02)
Items of materials-handling equipment required to specifically receive, maneuver, and dispatch International Organization for Standardization containers.
airborne early warning
airborne early warning (JP 1-02)
The detection of enemy air or surface units by radar or other equipment carried in an airborne vehicle, and the transmitting of a warning to friendly units.
containerization
containerization (JP 1-02)
The use of containers to unitize cargo for transportation, supply, and storage. Containerization incorporates supply, transportation, packaging, storage, and security together with visibility of container and its contents into a distribution system from source to user.
containership
containership (JP 1-02)
A ship specially constructed and equipped to carry only containers without associated equipment, in all available cargo spaces, either below or above deck. Containerships are usually non-self-sustaining, do not have built-in capability to load or off-load containers, and require port crane service. A containership with shipboardinstalled cranes capable of loading and off-loading containers without assistance of port crane service is considered self-sustaining.
containership cargo stowage adapter
containership cargo stowage adapter (JP 1-02)
Serves as the bottom-most temporary deck and precludes the necessity of strengthening of tank tops or the installation of hard points on decks, thereby accelerating containership readiness.
contaminated remains
contaminated remains (JP 1-02)
Remains of personnel which have absorbed or upon which have been deposited radioactive material, or biological or chemical agents.
contamination
contamination (JP 1-02)
contamination avoidance
contamination avoidance (JP 1-02)
Individual and/or unit measures taken to reduce the effects of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazards.
contamination control
contamination control (JP 1-02)
A combination of preparatory and responsive measures designed to limit the vulnerability of forces to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and toxic industrial hazards and to avoid, contain, control exposure to, and, where possible, neutralize them.
contiguous zone
contiguous zone (JP 1-02)
continental United States
continental United States (JP 1-02)
United States territory, including the adjacent territorial waters, located within North America between Canada and Mexico.
contingency
contingency (JP 1-02)
A situation requiring military operations in response to natural disasters, terrorists, subversives, or as otherwise directed by appropriate authority to protect US interests.
airborne lift
airborne lift (JP 1-02)
The total capacities expressed in terms of personnel and cargo that are, or can be, carried by available aircraft in one trip.
contingency contract
contingency contract (JP 1-02)
A legally binding agreement for supplies, services, and construction let by government contracting officers in the operational area as well as other contracts that have a prescribed area of performance within a designated operational area.
contingency contracting
contingency contracting (JP 1-02)
The process of obtaining goods, services, and construction via contracting means in support of contingency operations.
contingency engineering management organization
contingency engineering management organization (JP 1-02)
An organization formed by the combatant commander, or subordinate joint force commander to augment their staffs with additional Service engineering expertise for planning and construction management.
contingency operation
contingency operation (JP 1-02)
A military operation that is either designated by the Secretary of Defense as a contingency operation or becomes a contingency operation as a matter of law (Title 10, United States Code, Section 101[a][13]). It is a military operation that: a. is designated by the Secretary of Defense as an operation in which members of the Armed Forces are or may become involved in military actions, operations, or hostilities against an enemy of the United States or against an opposing force; or b. is created by definition of law. Under Title 10, United States Code, Section 101 (a)(13)(B), a contingency operation exists if a military operation results in the (1) call-up to (or retention on) active duty of members of the uniformed Services under certain enumerated statutes (Title 10, United States Code, Sections 688, 12301[a], 12302, 12304, 12305, 12406, or 331-335); and (2) the call-up to (or retention on) active duty of members of the uniformed Services under other (non-enumerated) statutes during war or national emergency declared by the President or Congress.
contingency plan
contingency plan (JP 1-02)
A plan for major contingencies that can reasonably be anticipated in the principal geographic subareas of the command.
Contingency Planning Guidance
Contingency Planning Guidance (JP 1-02)
The Contingency Planning Guidance (CPG) fulfills the statutory duty of the Secretary of Defense to furnish written policy guidance annually to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for contingency planning. The Secretary issues this guidance with the approval of the President after consultation with the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The CPG focuses the guidance given in the National Security Strategy and Defense Planning Guidance, and is the principal source document for the Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan.
contingency response program
contingency response program (JP 1-02)
Fast reaction transportation procedures intended to provide for priority use of land transportation assets by Department of Defense when required.
contingency retention stock
contingency retention stock (JP 1-02)
That portion of the quantity of an item excess to the approved force retention level for which there is no predictable demand or quantifiable requirement, and which normally would be allocated as potential DOD excess stock, except for a determination that the quantity will be retained for possible contingencies for United States forces. (Category C ships, aircraft, and other items being retained as contingency reserve are included in this stratum.)
contingency ZIP Code
contingency ZIP Code (JP 1-02)
A ZIP Code consisting of a five-digit base with a four-digit addon to assist in routing and sorting assigned by Military Postal Service Agency to a 67 contingency post office for the tactical use of the Armed Forces on a temporary basis.
continuity of command
continuity of command (JP 1-02)
The degree or state of being continuous in the exercise of the authority vested in an individual of the Armed Forces for the direction, coordination, and control of military forces.
airborne mission coordinator
airborne mission coordinator (JP 1-02)
The designated individual that serves as an airborne extension of the component commander or supported commander responsible for the personnel recovery mission.
continuity of operations
continuity of operations (JP 1-02)
The degree or state of being continuous in the conduct of functions, tasks, or duties necessary to accomplish a military action or mission in carrying out the national military strategy.
contour flight
contour flight (JP 1-02)
contract administration
contract administration (JP 1-02)
A subset of contracting that includes efforts to ensure that supplies, services, and construction are delivered in accordance with the terms and conditions of the contract.
contracted logistic support
contracted logistic support (JP 1-02)
Support in which maintenance operations for a particular military system are performed exclusively by contract support personnel.
contracting officer
contracting officer (JP 1-02)
The Service member or Department of Defense civilian with the legal authority to enter into, administer, modify, and/or terminate contracts.
contracting officer representative
contracting officer representative (JP 1-02)
A Service member or Department of Defense civilian appointed in writing and trained by a contracting officer, responsible for monitoring contract performance and performing other duties specified by their appointment letter.
contractor management
contractor management (JP 1-02)
The oversight and integration of contractor personnel and associated equipment providing support to the joint force in a designated operational area.
contractors authorized to accompany the force
contractors authorized to accompany the force (JP 1-02)
Contingency contractor employees and all tiers of subcontractor employees who are specifically authorized through their contract to accompany the force and have protected status in accordance with international conventions.
contractors not authorized to accompany the force
contractors not authorized to accompany the force (JP 1-02)
Contingency contractor employees and all tiers of subcontractor employees who are not authorized through their contract to accompany the force and do not have protected status in accordance with international conventions.
contract support integration
contract support integration (JP 1-02)
The coordination and synchronization of contracted support executed in a designated operational area in support of the joint force.
airborne operation
airborne operation (JP 1-02)
An operation involving the air movement into an objective area of combat forces and their logistic support for execution of a tactical, operational, or strategic mission. The means employed may be any combination of airborne units, air transportable units, and types of transport aircraft, depending on the mission and the overall situation.
contract termination
contract termination (JP 1-02)
Defense procurement: the cessation or cancellation, in whole or in part, of work under a prime contract or a subcontract thereunder for the convenience of, or at the option of, the government, or due to failure of the contractor to perform in accordance with the terms of the contract (default).
control
control (JP 1-02)
1. Authority that may be less than full command exercised by a commander over part of the activities of subordinate or other organizations.
control area
control area (JP 1-02)
A controlled airspace extending upwards from a specified limit above the Earth.
control group
control group (JP 1-02)
Personnel, ships, and craft designated to control the waterborne ship-toshore movement.
controlled airspace
controlled airspace (JP 1-02)
An airspace of defined dimensions within which civilian air traffic control services are provided to control flights.
controlled firing area
controlled firing area (JP 1-02)
An area in which ordnance firing is conducted under controlled conditions so as to eliminate hazard to aircraft in flight.
controlled information
controlled information (JP 1-02)
controlled shipping
controlled shipping (JP 1-02)
Shipping that is controlled by the Military Sealift Command. Included in this category are Military Sealift Command ships (United States naval ships), government-owned ships operated under a general agency agreement, and commercial ships under charter to the Military Sealift Command.
controlled source
controlled source (JP 1-02)
In counterintelligence use, a person employed by or under the control of an intelligence activity and responding to intelligence tasking.
controlled substance
controlled substance (JP 1-02)
A drug or other substance, or immediate precursor included in Schedule I, II, III, IV, or V of the Controlled Substances Act.
airborne troops
airborne troops (JP 1-02)
Those ground units whose primary mission is to make assault landings from the air.
controlled technical services
controlled technical services (JP 1-02)
The controlled use of technology to enhance counterintelligence and human intelligence activities.
control point
control point (JP 1-02)
control zone
control zone (JP 1-02)
A controlled airspace extending upwards from the surface of the Earth to a specified upper limit.
conventional forces
conventional forces (JP 1-02)
conventional mines
conventional mines (JP 1-02)
Land mines, other than nuclear or chemical, that are not designed to self-destruct; are designed to be emplaced by hand or mechanical means; and can be buried or surface emplaced.
converge
converge (JP 1-02)
A request or command used in a call for fire to indicate that the observer or spotter desires a sheaf in which the planes of fire intersect at a point.
convergence
convergence (JP 1-02)
(*) See grid convergence; grid convergence factor.
convoy
convoy (JP 1-02)
ship convoy (JP 1-02)
A number of merchant ships and/or naval auxiliaries usually escorted by warships and/or aircraft — or a single merchant ship or naval auxiliary under surface escort — assembled and organized for the purpose of passage together.
vehicule convoy (JP 1-02)
A group of vehicles organized for the purpose of control and orderly movement with or without escort protection that moves over the same route at the same time and under one commander.
air-breathing missile
air-breathing missile (JP 1-02)
A missile with an engine requiring the intake of air for combustion of its fuel, as in a ramjet or turbojet.
convoy escort
convoy escort (JP 1-02)
cooperating agency
cooperating agency (JP 1-02)
An agency that provides technical and resource support (including planning, training, and exercising), at the request of the coordinating agency, to conduct operations using their own authorities, subject-matter experts, capabilities or resources (i.e., personnel, equipment, or other resource support). The Department of Defense is considered a cooperating agency for the majority of the National Response Plan support annexes.
cooperative logistics
cooperative logistics (JP 1-02)
The logistic support provided a foreign government or agency through its participation in the US Department of Defense logistic system, with reimbursement to the United States for support provided.
cooperative logistic support arrangements
cooperative logistic support arrangements (JP 1-02)
The combining term for procedural arrangements (cooperative logistic arrangements) and implementing procedures (supplementary procedures) that together support, define, or implement cooperative logistic understandings between the United States and a friendly foreign government under peacetime conditions.
cooperative security location
cooperative security location (JP 1-02)
A facility located outside the United States and US territories with little or no permanent US presence, maintained with periodic Service, contractor, or host-nation support. Cooperative security locations provide contingency access, logistic support, and rotational use by operating forces and are a focal point for security cooperation activities. (CJCS CM-0007-05)
coordinated fire line
coordinated fire line (JP 1-02)
A line beyond which conventional and indirect surface fire support means may fire at any time within the boundaries of the establishing headquarters without additional coordination. The purpose of the coordinated fire line is to expedite the surface-to-surface attack of targets beyond the coordinated fire line without coordination with the ground commander in whose area the targets are located.
Coordinated Universal Time
Coordinated Universal Time (JP 1-02)
An atomic time scale that is the basis for broadcast time signals. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) differs from International Atomic Time by an integral number of seconds; it is maintained within 0.9 seconds of UT1 (see Universal Time) by introduction of Leap Seconds. The rotational orientation of the Earth, specified by UT1, may be obtained to an accuracy of a tenth of a second by applying the UTC to the increment DUT1 (where DUT1 = UT1 - UTC) that is broadcast in code with the time signals.
coordinates
coordinates (JP 1-02)
(*) Linear or angular quantities which designate the position that a point occupies in a given reference frame or system. Also used as a general term to designate the particular kind of reference frame or system such as plane rectangular coordinates or spherical coordinates.
coordinating agency
coordinating agency (JP 1-02)
An agency that supports the incident management mission by providing the leadership, expertise, and authorities to implement critical and specific aspects of the response. Responsible for orchestrating a coordinated response, provides staff for operations functions, notifies and tasks cooperating agencies, manages tasks with cooperating agencies, works with private-sector organizations, communicates ongoing activities to organizational elements, plans for short- and long-term incident management and maintains trained personnel to execute their appropriate support responsibilities.
coordinating altitude
coordinating altitude (JP 1-02)
An airspace coordinating measure that uses altitude to separate users and as the transition between different airspace coordinating entities..
air-capable ship
air-capable ship (JP 1-02)
A ship other than aircraft carrier; aircraft carrier, nuclear; amphibious assault ship, landing platform helicopter; general purpose amphibious assault ship; or general purpose amphibious assault ship (with internal dock) from which aircraft can take off, be recovered, or routinely receive and transfer logistic support.
coordinating authority
coordinating authority (JP 1-02)
A commander or individual assigned responsibility for coordinating specific functions or activities involving forces of two or more Military Departments, two or more joint force components, or two or more forces of the same Service. The commander or individual has the authority to require consultation between the agencies involved, but does not have the authority to compel agreement. In the event that essential agreement cannot be obtained, the matter shall be referred to the appointing authority. Coordinating authority is a consultation relationship, not an authority through which command may be exercised. Coordinating authority is more applicable to planning and similar activities than to operations.
coordinating point
coordinating point (JP 1-02)
(*) Designated point at which, in all types of combat, adjacent units/formations must make contact for purposes of control and coordination.
coordinating review authority
coordinating review authority (JP 1-02)
An agency appointed by a Service or combatant command to coordinate with and assist the primary review authority in joint doctrine development and maintenance. (CJCSM 5120.01)
corps support command
corps support command (JP 1-02)
Provides corps logistic support and command and control of water supply battalions.
cost-plus award fee contract
cost-plus award fee contract (JP 1-02)
A type of contract that provides for a payment consisting of a base amount fixed at inception of the contract along with an award amount that is based upon a judgmental evaluation by the United States Government.
cost-type contract
cost-type contract (JP 1-02)
A contract that provides for payment to the contractor of allowable cost, to the extent prescribed in the contract, incurred in performance of the contract.
counterair
counterair (JP 1-02)
A mission that integrates offensive and defensive operations to attain and maintain a desired degree of air superiority and protection by neutralizing or destroying enemy aircraft and missiles, both before and after launch.
counterdeception
counterdeception (JP 1-02)
Efforts to negate, neutralize, diminish the effects of, or gain advantage from a foreign deception operation. Counterdeception does not include the intelligence function of identifying foreign deception operations.
counterdrug
counterdrug (JP 1-02)
Those active measures taken to detect, monitor, and counter the production, trafficking, and use of illegal drugs.
counterdrug activities
counterdrug activities (JP 1-02)
Those measures taken to detect, interdict, disrupt, or curtail any activity that is reasonably related to illicit drug trafficking. This includes, but is not limited to, measures taken to detect, interdict, disrupt, or curtail activities related to substances, materiel, weapons, or resources used to finance, support, secure, cultivate, process, or transport illegal drugs.
air component coordination element
air component coordination element (JP 1-02)
An Air Force component element that interfaces and provides liaison with the joint force land component commander, or commander Army forces. The air component coordination element is the senior Air Force element assisting the joint force land component commander, or commander Army forces in planning air component supporting and supported requirements.
counterdrug nonoperational support
counterdrug nonoperational support (JP 1-02)
Support provided to law enforcement agencies or host nations that includes loan or lease of equipment without operators, use of facilities (such as buildings, training areas, and ranges), training conducted in formal schools, transfer of excess equipment, or other support provided by the Services from forces not assigned or made available to the combatant commanders.
counterdrug operational support
counterdrug operational support (JP 1-02)
Support to host nations and drug law enforcement agencies involving military personnel and their associated equipment, provided by the geographic combatant commanders from forces assigned to them or made available to them by the Services for this purpose.
counterdrug operations
counterdrug operations (JP 1-02)
Civil or military actions taken to reduce or eliminate illicit drug trafficking.
counterespionage
counterespionage (JP 1-02)
That aspect of counterintelligence designed to detect, destroy, neutralize, exploit, or prevent espionage activities through identification, penetration, manipulation, deception, and repression of individuals, groups, or organizations conducting or suspected of conducting espionage activities.
counterfire
counterfire (JP 1-02)
Fire intended to destroy or neutralize enemy weapons. counterbattery and countermortar fire.
counterforce
counterforce (JP 1-02)
The employment of strategic air and missile forces in an effort to destroy, or render impotent, selected military capabilities of an enemy force under any of the circumstances by which hostilities may be initiated.
counterguerrilla operations
counterguerrilla operations (JP 1-02)
Operations and activities conducted by armed forces, paramilitary forces, or nonmilitary agencies against guerrillas.
counter-improvised explosive device operations
counter-improvised explosive device operations (JP 1-02)
The organization, integration, and synchronization of capabilities that enable offensive, defensive, stability, and support operations across all phases of operations or campaigns in order to defeat improvised explosive devices as operational and strategic weapons of influence.
counterinsurgency
counterinsurgency (JP 1-02)
Comprehensive civilian and military efforts taken to defeat an insurgency and to address any core grievances.
counterintelligence
counterintelligence (JP 1-02)
Information gathered and activities conducted to identify, deceive, exploit, disrupt, or protect against espionage, other intelligence activities, sabotage, or assassinations conducted for or on behalf of foreign powers, organizations or persons or their agents, or international terrorist organizations or activities.
acquisition and cross-servicing agreement
acquisition and cross-servicing agreement (JP 1-02)
Agreements negotiated on a bilateral basis with US allies or coalition partners that allow US forces to exchange most common types of support, including food, fuel, transportation, ammunition, and equipment. Authority to negotiate these agreements is usually delegated to the combatant commander by the Secretary of Defense. Authority to execute these agreements lies with the Secretary of Defense, and may or may not be delegated. Governed by legal guidelines, these agreements are used for contingencies, peacekeeping operations, unforeseen emergencies, or exercises to correct logistic deficiencies that cannot be adequately corrected by national means. The support received or given is reimbursed under the conditions of the acquisition and cross-servicing agreement.
air corridor
air corridor (JP 1-02)
A restricted air route of travel specified for use by friendly aircraft and established for the purpose of preventing friendly aircraft from being fired on by friendly forces.
counterintelligence activities
counterintelligence activities (JP 1-02)
One or more of the five functions of counterintelligence: operations, investigations, collection, analysis and production, and functional services.
counterintelligence collection
counterintelligence collection (JP 1-02)
The systematic acquisition of information (through investigations, operations, or liaison) concerning espionage, sabotage, terrorism, other intelligence activities or assassinations conducted by or on behalf of foreign governments or elements thereof, foreign organizations, or foreign persons that are directed against or threaten Department of Defense interests.
counterintelligence investigation
counterintelligence investigation (JP 1-02)
An official, systematic search for facts to determine whether a person(s) is engaged in activities that may be injurious to US national security or advantageous to a foreign power.
counterintelligence operational tasking authority
counterintelligence operational tasking authority (JP 1-02)
The levying of counterintelligence requirements specific to joint military activities and operations. Counterintelligence operational tasking authority is exercised through supporting components.
counterintelligence operations
counterintelligence operations (JP 1-02)
Proactive activities designed to identify, exploit, neutralize, or deter foreign intelligence collection and terrorist activities directed against the United States.
counterintelligence production
counterintelligence production (JP 1-02)
The process of analyzing all-source information concerning espionage or other multidiscipline intelligence collection threats, sabotage, terrorism, and other related threats to US military commanders, the Department of Defense, and the US Intelligence Community and developing it into a final product that is disseminated. Counterintelligence production is used in formulating security policy, plans, and operations.
counterintelligence support
counterintelligence support (JP 1-02)
Conducting counterintelligence activities to protect against espionage and other foreign intelligence activities, sabotage, international terrorist activities, or assassinations conducted for or on behalf of foreign powers, organizations, or persons.
countermeasures
countermeasures (JP 1-02)
That form of military science that, by the employment of devices and/or techniques, has as its objective the impairment of the operational effectiveness of enemy activity.
countermobility operations
countermobility operations (JP 1-02)
The construction of obstacles and emplacement of minefields to delay, disrupt, and destroy the enemy by reinforcement of the terrain.
counternarcotics
counternarcotics (JP 1-02)
See counterdrug.
aircraft carrier
aircraft carrier (JP 1-02)
A warship designed to support and operate aircraft, engage in attacks on targets afloat or ashore, and engage in sustained operations in support of other forces. Designated as CV or CVN. CVN is nuclear powered.
counterproliferation
counterproliferation (JP 1-02)
Those actions taken to defeat the threat and/or use of weapons of mass destruction against the United States, our forces, friends, allies, and partners.
countersurveillance
countersurveillance (JP 1-02)
All measures, active or passive, taken to counteract hostile surveillance.
counterterrorism
counterterrorism (JP 1-02)
Actions taken directly against terrorist networks and indirectly to influence and render global and regional environments inhospitable to terrorist networks.
country team
country team (JP 1-02)
The senior, in-country, US coordinating and supervising body, headed by the chief of the US diplomatic mission, and composed of the senior member of each represented US department or agency, as desired by the chief of the US diplomatic mission.
coup de main
coup de main (JP 1-02)
An offensive operation that capitalizes on surprise and simultaneous execution of supporting operations to achieve success in one swift stroke.
courier
courier (JP 1-02)
A messenger (usually a commissioned or warrant officer) responsible for the secure physical transmission and delivery of documents and material.
course of action
course of action (JP 1-02)
cover
cover (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, those measures necessary to give protection to a person, plan, operation, formation, or installation from the enemy intelligence effort and leakage of information.
covering fire
covering fire (JP 1-02)
covering force
covering force (JP 1-02)
aircraft cross-servicing
aircraft cross-servicing (JP 1-02)
(*) Services performed on an aircraft by an organization other than that to which the aircraft is assigned, according to an established operational aircraft cross-servicing requirement, and for which there may be a charge. Aircraft cross-servicing has been divided into two categories: a. Stage A cross-servicing: The servicing of an aircraft on an airfield/ship which enables the aircraft to be flown to another airfield/ship. b. Stage B cross-servicing: The servicing of an aircraft on an airfield/ship which enables the aircraft to be flown on an operational mission.
covert operation
covert operation (JP 1-02)
An operation that is so planned and executed as to conceal the identity of or permit plausible denial by the sponsor.
coxswain
coxswain (JP 1-02)
A person in charge of a small craft (in the Army, a Class B or smaller craft) who often functions as the helmsman. For a causeway ferry, the pilot is in charge with the coxswain performing helmsman functions. See causeway.
crash rescue and fire suppression
crash rescue and fire suppression (JP 1-02)
Extraction of aircrew members from crashed or burning aircraft and the control of related fires.
crater
crater (JP 1-02)
The pit, depression, or cavity formed in the surface of the Earth by an explosion. It may range from saucer shaped to conical, depending largely on the depth of burst. In the case of a deep underground burst, no rupture of the surface may occur. The resulting cavity is termed a “camouflet.”
crisis
crisis (JP 1-02)
An incident or situation involving a threat to the United States, its citizens, military forces, or vital interests that develops rapidly and creates a condition of such diplomatic, economic, or military importance that commitment of military forces and resources is contemplated to achieve national objectives.
crisis action planning
crisis action planning (JP 1-02)
The Adaptive Planning and Execution system process involving the time-sensitive development of joint operation plans and operation orders for the deployment, employment, and sustainment of assigned and allocated forces and resources in response to an imminent crisis.
crisis management
crisis management (JP 1-02)
Measures to identify, acquire, and plan the use of resources needed to anticipate, prevent, and/or resolve a threat or an act of terrorism. It is predominantly a law enforcement response, normally executed under federal law.
critical asset
critical asset (JP 1-02)
A specific entity that is of such extraordinary importance that its incapacitation or destruction would have a very serious, debilitating effect on the ability of a nation to continue to function effectively.
critical asset list
critical asset list (JP 1-02)
A prioritized list of assets or areas, normally identified by phase of the operation and approved by the joint force commander, that should be defended against air and missile threats.
critical capability
critical capability (JP 1-02)
A means that is considered a crucial enabler for a center of gravity to function as such and is essential to the accomplishment of the specified or assumed objective(s).
aircraft loading table
aircraft loading table (JP 1-02)
A data sheet used by the airlift commander containing information as to the load that actually goes into each aircraft.
critical information
critical information (JP 1-02)
Specific facts about friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities vitally needed by adversaries for them to plan and act effectively so as to guarantee failure or unacceptable consequences for friendly mission accomplishment.
critical infrastructure protection
critical infrastructure protection (JP 1-02)
Actions taken to prevent, remediate, or mitigate the risks resulting from vulnerabilities of critical infrastructure assets. Depending on the risk, these actions could include: changes in tactics, techniques, or procedures; adding redundancy; selection of another asset; isolation or hardening; guarding, etc.
critical intelligence
critical intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence that is crucial and requires the immediate attention of the commander. It is required to enable the commander to make decisions that will provide a timely and appropriate response to actions by the potential or actual enemy. It includes but is not limited to the following: a. strong indications of the imminent outbreak of hostilities of any type (warning of attack); b. aggression of any nature against a friendly country; c. indications or use of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosives weapons; and d. significant events within adversary countries that may lead to modifications of nuclear strike plans.
critical item
critical item (JP 1-02)
An essential item which is in short supply or expected to be in short supply for an extended period.
critical item list
critical item list (JP 1-02)
Prioritized list, compiled from a subordinate commander’s composite critical item lists, identifying supply items and weapon systems that assist Service and Defense Logistics Agency’s selection of supply items and systems for production surge planning. Also may be used in operational situations by the combatant commander and/or subordinate joint force commander (within combatant commander directives) to cross-level critical supply items between Service components.
criticality assessment
criticality assessment (JP 1-02)
An assessment that identifies key assets and infrastructure that support Department of Defense missions, units, or activities and are deemed mission critical by military commanders or civilian agency managers. It addresses the impact of temporary or permanent loss of key assets or infrastructures to the installation or a unit’s ability to perform its mission. It examines costs of recovery and reconstitution including time, dollars, capability, and infrastructure support.
critical joint duty assignment billet
critical joint duty assignment billet (JP 1-02)
A joint duty assignment position for which, considering the duties and responsibilities of the position, it is highly important that the assigned officer be particularly trained in, and oriented toward, joint matters.
critical occupational specialty
critical occupational specialty (JP 1-02)
A military occupational specialty selected from among the combat arms in the Army or equivalent military specialties in the Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps. Equivalent military specialties are those engaged in operational art in 77 order to attain strategic goals in an operational area through the design, organization, and conduct of campaigns and major operations. Critical occupational specialties are designated by the Secretary of Defense.
critical point
critical point (JP 1-02)
critical requirement
critical requirement (JP 1-02)
An essential condition, resource, and means for a critical capability to be fully operational.
aircraft tiedown
aircraft tiedown (JP 1-02)
Securing aircraft when parked in the open to restrain movement due to the weather or condition of the parking area.
critical supplies and materiel
critical supplies and materiel (JP 1-02)
Those supplies vital to the support of operations, which owing to various causes are in short supply or are expected to be in short supply.
critical sustainability item
critical sustainability item (JP 1-02)
Any item described at National Stock Number level of detail, by federal supply class, as part of the logistic factors file, that significantly affect the commander’s ability to execute an operation plan.
critical vulnerability
critical vulnerability (JP 1-02)
An aspect of a critical requirement which is deficient or vulnerable to direct or indirect attack that will create decisive or significant effects.
cross-leveling
cross-leveling (JP 1-02)
The authority and ability to shift materiel inventory from one owner to meet the requirement of another. At the theater strategic level and operational level, it is the process of diverting en route or in-theater materiel from one military element to meet the higher priority of another within the combatant commander’s directive authority for logistics. Cross-leveling plans must include specific reimbursement procedures.
cross-loading (personnel)
cross-loading (personnel) (JP 1-02)
The distribution of leaders, key weapons, personnel, and key equipment among the aircraft, vessels, or vehicles of a formation to preclude the total loss of command and control or unit effectiveness if an aircraft, vessel, or vehicle is lost. It is also an important factor in aiding rapid assembly of units at the drop zone or landing zone.
cross-servicing
cross-servicing (JP 1-02)
A subset of common-user logistics in which a function is performed by one Military Service in support of another Military Service and for which reimbursement is required from the Service receiving support.
cross-targeting (nuclear)
cross-targeting (nuclear) (JP 1-02)
The layering of weapons from different delivery platforms to increase the probability of target damage or destruction. 78
cruise missile
cruise missile (JP 1-02)
Guided missile, the major portion of whose flight path to its target is conducted at approximately constant velocity; depends on the dynamic reaction of air for lift and upon propulsion forces to balance drag.
culminating point
culminating point (JP 1-02)
The point at which a force no longer has the capability to continue its form of operations, offense or defense.
current
current (JP 1-02)
A body of water moving in a certain direction and caused by wind and density differences in water. The effects of a current are modified by water depth, underwater topography, basin shape, land masses, and deflection from the earth’s rotation.
air defense
air defense (JP 1-02)
Defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles in the atmosphere, or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such attack.
current force
current force (JP 1-02)
The actual force structure and/or manning available to meet present contingencies.
current intelligence
current intelligence (JP 1-02)
One of two categories of descriptive intelligence that is concerned with describing the existing situation.
current, offshore
current, offshore (JP 1-02)
Deep water movements caused by tides or seasonal changes in ocean water level.
current, rip
current, rip (JP 1-02)
A water movement that flows from the beach through the surf zone in swiftly moving narrow channels.
cusps
cusps (JP 1-02)
Ridges of beach material extending seaward from the beach face with intervening troughs.
custody
custody (JP 1-02)
customer direct
customer direct (JP 1-02)
A materiel acquisition and distribution method that requires vendor delivery directly to the customer.
customer wait time
customer wait time (JP 1-02)
The total elapsed time between issuance of a customer order and satisfaction of that order.
Customs Over-The-Horizon Enforcement Network
Customs Over-The-Horizon Enforcement Network (JP 1-02)
United States Customs Service long-range voice communications system.
cyber counterintelligence
cyber counterintelligence (JP 1-02)
Measures to identify, penetrate, or neutralize foreign operations that use cyber means as the primary tradecraft methodology, as well as foreign intelligence service collection efforts that use traditional methods to gauge cyber capabilities and intentions.
cyberspace
cyberspace (JP 1-02)
A global domain within the information environment consisting of the interdependent network of information technology infrastructures, including the 79 Internet, telecommunications networks, computer systems, and embedded processors and controllers. (CJCS CM-0363-08)
cyberspace operations
cyberspace operations (JP 1-02)
The employment of cyberspace capabilities where the primary purpose is to achieve objectives in or through cyberspace.
damage assessment
damage assessment (JP 1-02)
damage criteria
damage criteria (JP 1-02)
The critical levels of various effects, such as blast pressure and thermal radiation, required to achieve specified levels of damage.
damage estimation
damage estimation (JP 1-02)
A preliminary appraisal of the potential effects of an attack.
damage expectancy (nuclear)
damage expectancy (nuclear) (JP 1-02)
The probability that a weapon will arrive, detonate, and achieve at least a specified level of damage (severe or moderate) against a given target. Damage expectancy is a function of both probability of arrival and probability of damage of a weapon.
danger close
danger close (JP 1-02)
In close air support, artillery, mortar, and naval gunfire support fires, it is the term included in the method of engagement segment of a call for fire which indicates that friendly forces are within close proximity of the target. The close proximity distance is determined by the weapon and munition fired.
dangerous cargo
dangerous cargo (JP 1-02)
Cargo which, because of its dangerous properties, is subject to special regulations for its transport.
data
data (JP 1-02)
Representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by humans or by automatic means. Any representations such as characters or analog quantities to which meaning is or might be assigned.
database
database (JP 1-02)
Information that is normally structured and indexed for user access and review. Databases may exist in the form of physical files (folders, documents, etc.) or formatted automated data processing system data files.
air defense area
air defense area (JP 1-02)
air defense area, overseas
air defense area, overseas (JP 1-02)
air defense area, United States
air defense area, United States (JP 1-02)
Airspace of defined dimensions designated by the appropriate agency within which the ready control of airborne vehicles is required in the interest of national security during an air defense emergency.
data element
data element (JP 1-02)
data item
data item (JP 1-02)
A subunit of descriptive information or value classified under a data element. For example, the data element “military personnel grade” contains data items such as sergeant, captain, and colonel.
date-time group
date-time group (JP 1-02)
The date and time, expressed as six digits followed by the time zone suffix at which the message was prepared for transmission (first pair of digits denotes 81 the date, second pair the hours, third pair the minutes, followed by a three-letter month abbreviation and two-digit year abbreviation.).
datum (geodetic)
datum (geodetic) (JP 1-02)
davit
davit (JP 1-02)
A small crane on a vessel that is used to raise and lower small boats, such as lifeboats, side loadable warping tugs, or causeway sections.
D-day
D-day (JP 1-02)
de-arming
de-arming (JP 1-02)
An operation in which a weapon is changed from a state of readiness for initiation to a safe condition.
debarkation
debarkation (JP 1-02)
The unloading of troops, equipment, or supplies from a ship or aircraft.
deceased
deceased (JP 1-02)
A casualty status applicable to a person who is either known to have died, determined to have died on the basis of conclusive evidence, or declared to be dead on the basis of a presumptive finding of death. The recovery of remains is not a prerequisite to determining or declaring a person deceased.
decedent effects
decedent effects (JP 1-02)
Personal effects found on human remains.
air defense artillery
air defense artillery (JP 1-02)
Weapons and equipment for actively combating air targets from the ground.
decentralized control
decentralized control (JP 1-02)
In air defense, the normal mode whereby a higher echelon monitors unit actions, making direct target assignments to units only when necessary to ensure proper fire distribution or to prevent engagement of friendly aircraft.
decentralized execution
decentralized execution (JP 1-02)
Delegation of execution authority to subordinate commanders.
deception action
deception action (JP 1-02)
A collection of related deception events that form a major component of a deception operation.
deception concept
deception concept (JP 1-02)
The deception course of action forwarded to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for review as part of the combatant commander’s strategic concept.
deception event
deception event (JP 1-02)
A deception means executed at a specific time and location in support of a deception operation.
deception means
deception means (JP 1-02)
Methods, resources, and techniques that can be used to convey information to the deception target. There are three categories of deception means: a. physical means. Activities and resources used to convey or deny selected information to a foreign power. b. technical means. Military material resources and their associated operating techniques used to convey or deny selected information to a foreign power. c. administrative means. Resources, methods, and techniques to convey or deny oral, pictorial, documentary, or other physical evidence to a foreign power.
deception objective
deception objective (JP 1-02)
The desired result of a deception operation expressed in terms of what the adversary is to do or not to do at the critical time and/or location.
deception story
deception story (JP 1-02)
A scenario that outlines the friendly actions that will be portrayed to cause the deception target to adopt the desired perception.
deception target
deception target (JP 1-02)
The adversary decision maker with the authority to make the decision that will achieve the deception objective.
decision
decision (JP 1-02)
In an estimate of the situation, a clear and concise statement of the line of action intended to be followed by the commander as the one most favorable to the successful accomplishment of the assigned mission.
air defense identification zone
air defense identification zone (JP 1-02)
Airspace of defined dimensions within which the ready identification, location, and control of airborne vehicles are required.
decision point
decision point (JP 1-02)
A point in space and time when the commander or staff anticipates making a key decision concerning a specific course of action.
decision support template
decision support template (JP 1-02)
A combined intelligence and operations graphic based on the results of wargaming. The decision support template depicts decision points, timelines associated with movement of forces and the flow of the operation, and other key items of information required to execute a specific friendly course of action.
decisive point
decisive point (JP 1-02)
A geographic place, specific key event, critical factor, or function that, when acted upon, allows commanders to gain a marked advantage over an adversary or contribute materially to achieving success.
deck status light
deck status light (JP 1-02)
A three-colored light (red, amber, green) controlled from the primary flight control.
deck status light, Navy
deck status light, Navy (JP 1-02)
The light displays the status of the ship to support flight operations.
deck status light, United States Coast Guard
deck status light, United States Coast Guard (JP 1-02)
The light displays clearance for a helicopter to conduct a given evolution.
declassification
declassification (JP 1-02)
The determination that, in the interests of national security, classified information no longer requires any degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure, coupled with removal or cancellation of the classification designation.
decompression
decompression (JP 1-02)
In personnel recovery, the process of normalizing psychological and behavioral reactions that recovered isolated personnel experienced or are currently experiencing as a result of their isolation and recovery.
decontamination
decontamination (JP 1-02)
The process of making any person, object, or area safe by absorbing, destroying, neutralizing, making harmless, or removing chemical or biological agents, or by removing radioactive material clinging to or around it.
decoy
decoy (JP 1-02)
An imitation in any sense of a person, object, or phenomenon which is intended to deceive enemy surveillance devices or mislead enemy evaluation.
actionable intelligence
actionable intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence information that is directly useful to customers for immediate exploitation without having to go through the full intelligence production process.
air defense region
air defense region (JP 1-02)
A geographical subdivision of an air defense area.
Defense Communications System
Defense Communications System (JP 1-02)
Department of Defense long-haul voice, data, and record traffic system which includes the Defense Data Network, Defense Satellite Communications System, and Defense Switched Network.
defense coordinating element
defense coordinating element (JP 1-02)
A staff and military liaison officers who assist the defense coordinating officer in facilitating coordination and support to activated emergency support functions.
defense coordinating officer
defense coordinating officer (JP 1-02)
Department of Defense single point of contact for domestic emergencies. Assigned to a joint field office to process requirements for military support, forward mission assignments through proper channels to the appropriate military organizations, and assign military liaisons, as appropriate, to activated emergency support functions.
defense critical infrastructure
defense critical infrastructure (JP 1-02)
Department of Defense and non-Department of Defense networked assets and essential to project, support, and sustain military forces and operations worldwide.
defense emergency
defense emergency (JP 1-02)
An emergency condition that exists when: a. a major attack is made upon US forces overseas or on allied forces in any theater and is confirmed by either the commander of a command established by the Secretary of Defense or higher authority; or b. an overt attack of any type is made upon the United States and is confirmed either by the commander of a command established by the Secretary of Defense or higher authority. 84
defense human intelligence executor
defense human intelligence executor (JP 1-02)
The senior Department of Defense intelligence official as designated by the head of each of the Department of Defense components who are authorized to conduct human intelligence and related intelligence activities.
defense industrial base
defense industrial base (JP 1-02)
The Department of Defense, government, and private sector worldwide industrial complex with capabilities to perform research and development, design, produce, and maintain military weapon systems, subsystems, components, or parts to meet military requirements.
defense information infrastructure
defense information infrastructure (JP 1-02)
The shared or interconnected system of computers, communications, data applications, security, people, training, and other support structures serving Department of Defense (DOD) local, national, and worldwide information needs. The defense information infrastructure connects DOD mission support, command and control, and intelligence computers through voice, telecommunications, imagery, video, and multimedia services. It provides information processing and services to subscribers over the Defense Information Systems Network and includes command and control, tactical, intelligence, and commercial communications systems used to transmit DOD information.
Defense Information Systems Network
Defense Information Systems Network (JP 1-02)
Integrated network, centrally managed and configured to provide long-haul information transfer services for all Department of Defense activities. It is an information transfer utility designed to provide dedicated point-to-point, switched voice and data, imagery, and video teleconferencing services.
defense message system
defense message system (JP 1-02)
Consists of all hardware, software, procedures, standards, facilities, and personnel used to exchange messages electronically.
air defense sector
air defense sector (JP 1-02)
A geographical subdivision of an air defense region.
Defense Meteorological Satellite Program
Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (JP 1-02)
Military weather satellite controlled by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
defense readiness condition
defense readiness condition (JP 1-02)
A uniform system of progressive alert postures for use between the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the commanders of unified and specified commands and for use by the Services. Defense readiness conditions are graduated to match situations of varying military severity (status of alert). Defense readiness conditions are identified by the short title DEFCON (5), (4), (3), (2), and (1), as appropriate.
Defense Satellite Communications System
Defense Satellite Communications System (JP 1-02)
Geosynchronous military communications satellites that provide high data rate communications for military forces, diplomatic corps, and the White House. The Defense Satellite Communications System provides long-haul super-high frequency 7/8 gigahertz voice and high data rate communications 85 for fixed and transportable terminals, and extends mobile service to a limited number of ships and aircraft.
defense sexual assault incident database
defense sexual assault incident database (JP 1-02)
A Department of Defense database that captures and serves as the reporting source for all sexual assault data collected by the Services.
defense support of civil authorities
defense support of civil authorities (JP 1-02)
Support provided by US Federal military forces, Department of Defense civilians, Department of Defense contract personnel, Department of Defense component assets, and National Guard forces (when the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the governors of the affected states, elects and requests to use those forces in Title 32, United States Code, status) in response to requests for assistance from civil authorities for domestic emergencies, law enforcement support, and other domestic activities, or from qualifying entities for special events. Also known as civil support. (DODD 3025.18)
Defense Support Program
Defense Support Program (JP 1-02)
Satellites that provide early warning of missile launches; the first line of defense against missile attack against North America.
defense support to public diplomacy
defense support to public diplomacy (JP 1-02)
Those activities and measures taken by the Department of Defense components to support and facilitate public diplomacy efforts of the United States Government.
Defense Switched Network
Defense Switched Network (JP 1-02)
Component of the Defense Communications System that handles Department of Defense voice, data, and video communications.
Defense Transportation System
Defense Transportation System (JP 1-02)
That portion of the Nation’s transportation infrastructure that supports Department of Defense common-user transportation needs across the range of military operations. It consists of those common-user military and commercial assets, services, and systems organic to, contracted for, or controlled by the Department of Defense.
defensive counterair
defensive counterair (JP 1-02)
All defensive measures designed to neutralize or destroy enemy forces attempting to penetrate or attack through friendly airspace.
air defense warning condition
air defense warning condition (JP 1-02)
An air defense warning given in the form of a color code corresponding to the degree of air raid probability with yellow standing for when an attack by hostile aircraft or missiles is probable; red for when an attack by hostile aircraft or missiles is imminent or is in progress; and white for when an attack by hostile aircraft or missiles is improbable.
defensive minefield
defensive minefield (JP 1-02)
defensive sea area
defensive sea area (JP 1-02)
A sea area, usually including the approaches to and the waters of important ports, harbors, bays, or sounds, for the control and protection of shipping; for the safeguarding of defense installations bordering on waters of the areas; and for provision of other security measures required within the specified areas. It does not extend seaward beyond the territorial waters.
defensive space control
defensive space control (JP 1-02)
Operations conducted to preserve the ability to exploit space capabilities via active and passive actions, while protecting friendly space capabilities from attack, interference, or unintentional hazards.
defilade
defilade (JP 1-02)
definitive care
definitive care (JP 1-02)
Care rendered to conclusively manage a patient’s condition. It includes the full range of preventive, curative acute, convalescent, restorative, and rehabilitative medical care. This normally leads to rehabilitation, return to duty, or discharge from the Service.
degaussing
degaussing (JP 1-02)
The process whereby a ship’s magnetic field is reduced by the use of electromagnetic coils, permanent magnets, or other means.
degree of risk
degree of risk (JP 1-02)
As specified by the commander, the risk to which friendly forces may be subjected from the effects of the detonation of a nuclear weapon used in the attack of a close-in enemy target; acceptable degrees of risk under differing tactical conditions are emergency, moderate, and negligible.
delayed entry program
delayed entry program (JP 1-02)
A program under which an individual may enlist in a Reserve Component of a military service and specify a future reporting date for entry on active duty that would coincide with availability of training spaces and with personal plans such as high school graduation.
delaying action
delaying action (JP 1-02)
See delaying operation.
delaying operation
delaying operation (JP 1-02)
An operation in which a force under pressure trades space for time by slowing down the enemy’s momentum and inflicting maximum damage on the enemy without, in principle, becoming decisively engaged.
air delivery
air delivery (JP 1-02)
See airdrop; airland; air movement.
delegation of authority
delegation of authority (JP 1-02)
The action by which a commander assigns part of his or her authority commensurate with the assigned task to a subordinate commander. While ultimate responsibility cannot be relinquished, delegation of authority carries with it the imposition of a measure of responsibility. The extent of the authority delegated must be clearly stated. 87
deliberate planning
deliberate planning (JP 1-02)
demilitarized zone
demilitarized zone (JP 1-02)
A defined area in which the stationing or concentrating of military forces, or the retention or establishment of military installations of any description, is prohibited.
demobilization
demobilization (JP 1-02)
The process of transitioning a conflict or wartime military establishment and defense-based civilian economy to a peacetime configuration while maintaining national security and economic vitality.
demonstration
demonstration (JP 1-02)
denial measure
denial measure (JP 1-02)
An action to hinder or deny the enemy the use of territory, personnel, or facilities to include destruction, removal, contamination, or erection of obstructions.
denied area
denied area (JP 1-02)
An area under enemy or unfriendly control in which friendly forces cannot expect to operate successfully within existing operational constraints and force capabilities.
Department of Defense civilian
Department of Defense civilian (JP 1-02)
A Federal civilian employee of the Department of Defense directly hired and paid from appropriated or nonappropriated funds, under permanent or temporary appointment.
Department of Defense components
Department of Defense components (JP 1-02)
The Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Military Departments, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the combatant commands, the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Defense, the Department of Defense agencies, field activities, and all other organizational entities in the Department of Defense.
Department of Defense construction agent
Department of Defense construction agent (JP 1-02)
The Corps of Engineers, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, or other such approved Department of Defense activity, that is assigned design or execution responsibilities associated with military construction programs, facilities support, or civil engineering support to the combatant commanders in contingency operations.
air domain
air domain (JP 1-02)
The atmosphere, beginning at the Earth’s surface, extending to the altitude where its effects upon operations become negligible.
Department of Defense container system
Department of Defense container system (JP 1-02)
All Department of Defense owned, leased, and controlled 20- or 40-foot intermodal International Organization for Standardization 88 containers and flatracks, supporting equipment such as generator sets and chassis, container handling equipment, information systems, and other infrastructure that supports Department of Defense transportation and logistic operations, including commercially provided transportation services. This also includes 463L pallets, nets, and tie down equipment as integral components of the Department of Defense container system.
Department of Defense Intelligence Information System
Department of Defense Intelligence Information System (JP 1-02)
The combination of Department of Defense personnel, procedures, equipment, computer programs, and supporting communications that support the timely and comprehensive preparation and presentation of intelligence and information to military commanders and national-level decision makers.
Department of Defense Intelligence Information System Enterprise
Department of Defense Intelligence Information System Enterprise (JP 1-02)
The global set of resources (people, facilities, hardware, software and processes) that provide information technology and information management services to the military intelligence community through a tightly-integrated, interconnected and geographically distributed regional service center architecture.
Department of Defense intelligence production
Department of Defense intelligence production (JP 1-02)
The integration, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of information from single or multiple sources into finished intelligence for known or anticipated military and related national security consumer requirements.
Department of Defense support to counterdrug operations
Department of Defense support to counterdrug operations (JP 1-02)
Support provided by the Department of Defense to law enforcement agencies to detect, monitor, and counter the production, trafficking, and use of illegal drugs.
Department of the Air Force
Department of the Air Force (JP 1-02)
The executive part of the Department of the Air Force at the seat of government and all field headquarters, forces, Reserve Components, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of the Air Force.
Department of the Army
Department of the Army (JP 1-02)
The executive part of the Department of the Army at the seat of government and all field headquarters, forces, Reserve Components, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of the Army.
Department of the Navy
Department of the Navy (JP 1-02)
The executive part of the Department of the Navy at the seat of government; the headquarters, US Marine Corps; the entire operating forces of the United States Navy and of the US Marine Corps, including the Reserve Components of such forces; all field activities, headquarters, forces, bases, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of the Navy; and the US 89 Coast Guard when operating as a part of the Navy pursuant to law.
departure airfield
departure airfield (JP 1-02)
An airfield on which troops and/or materiel are enplaned for flight.
departure point
departure point (JP 1-02)
1. A navigational check point used by aircraft as a marker for setting course.
airdrop
airdrop (JP 1-02)
The unloading of personnel or materiel from aircraft in flight.
dependents/immediate family
dependents/immediate family (JP 1-02)
An employee’s spouse; children who are unmarried and under age 21 years or who, regardless of age, are physically or mentally incapable of self-support; dependent parents, including step and legally adoptive parents of the employee’s spouse; and dependent brothers and sisters, including step and legally adoptive brothers and sisters of the employee’s spouse who are unmarried and under 21 years of age or who, regardless of age, are physically or mentally incapable of selfsupport.
deployed nuclear weapons
deployed nuclear weapons (JP 1-02)
deployment
deployment (JP 1-02)
deployment health surveillance
deployment health surveillance (JP 1-02)
The regular or repeated collection, analysis, archiving, interpretation, and distribution of health-related data used for monitoring the health of a population or of individuals, and for intervening in a timely manner to prevent, treat, or control the occurrence of disease or injury. It includes occupational and environmental health surveillance and medical surveillance subcomponents.
deployment order
deployment order (JP 1-02)
A planning directive from the Secretary of Defense, issued by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, that authorizes and directs the transfer of forces between combatant commands by reassignment or attachment.
deployment planning
deployment planning (JP 1-02)
Operational planning directed toward the movement of forces and sustainment resources from their original locations to a specific operational area for conducting the joint operations contemplated in a given plan.
depot
depot (JP 1-02)
1. supply — An activity for the receipt, classification, storage, accounting, issue, maintenance, procurement, manufacture, assembly, research, salvage, or disposal of
material. 2. personnel
material. 2. personnel (JP 1-02)
An activity for the reception, processing, training, assignment, and forwarding of personnel replacements.
depot maintenance
depot maintenance (JP 1-02)
That maintenance performed on materiel requiring major overhaul or a complete rebuild of parts, assemblies, subassemblies, and end-items, including the manufacture of parts, modifications, testing, and reclamation as required. Depot maintenance serves to support lower categories of maintenance by providing technical assistance and performing that maintenance beyond their responsibility. Depot maintenance provides stocks of serviceable equipment by using more extensive facilities for repair than are available in lower level maintenance activities.
designated planning agent
designated planning agent (JP 1-02)
The commander responsible for planning, coordinating, and executing military taskings in civil emergencies for a particular branch or agency of the Department of Defense.
air expeditionary force
air expeditionary force (JP 1-02)
Deployed US Air Force wings, groups, and squadrons committed to a joint operation.
design basis threat
design basis threat (JP 1-02)
The threat against which an asset must be protected and upon which the protective system’s design is based. It is the baseline type and size of threat that buildings or other structures are designed to withstand. The design basis threat includes the tactics aggressors will use against the asset and the tools, weapons, and explosives employed in these tactics.
desired mean point of impact
desired mean point of impact (JP 1-02)
A precise point, associated with a target, and assigned as the center for impact of multiple weapons or area munitions to create a desired effect. May be defined descriptively, by grid reference, or by geolocation.
desired perception
desired perception (JP 1-02)
In military deception, what the deception target must believe for it to make the decision that will achieve the deception objective.
desired point of impact
desired point of impact (JP 1-02)
A precise point, associated with a target, and assigned as the impact point for a single unitary weapon to create a desired effect. May be defined descriptively, by grid preferences, or geolocation.
destroyed
destroyed (JP 1-02)
A condition of a target so damaged that it can neither function as intended nor be restored to a usable condition. In the case of a building, all vertical supports and spanning members are damaged to such an extent that nothing is salvageable. In the case of bridges, all spans must have dropped and all piers must require replacement. 91
destruction fire
destruction fire (JP 1-02)
Fire delivered for the sole purpose of destroying material objects.
detainee
detainee (JP 1-02)
A term used to refer to any person captured or otherwise detained by an armed force.
detainee collecting point
detainee collecting point (JP 1-02)
A facility or other location where detainees are assembled for subsequent movement to a detainee processing station.
detainee processing station
detainee processing station (JP 1-02)
A facility or other location where detainees are administratively processed and provided custodial care pending disposition and subsequent release, transfer, or movement to a prisoner-of-war or civilian internee camp.
detection
detection (JP 1-02)
air expeditionary wing
air expeditionary wing (JP 1-02)
A wing or wing slice placed under the administrative control of an air and space expeditionary task force or air and space task force by Department of the Air Force orders for a joint operation.
deterrence
deterrence (JP 1-02)
The prevention of action by the existence of a credible threat of unacceptable counteraction and/or belief that the cost of action outweighs the perceived benefits.
deterrent options
deterrent options (JP 1-02)
A course of action, developed on the best economic, diplomatic, and military judgment, designed to dissuade an adversary from a current course of action or contemplated operations.
died of wounds received in action
died of wounds received in action (JP 1-02)
A casualty category applicable to a hostile casualty, other than the victim of a terrorist activity, who dies of wounds or other injuries received in action after having reached a medical treatment facility.
diplomatic authorization
diplomatic authorization (JP 1-02)
Authority for overflight or landing obtained at government-togovernment level through diplomatic channels.
direct action
direct action (JP 1-02)
Short-duration strikes and other small-scale offensive actions conducted as a special operation in hostile, denied, or diplomatically sensitive environments and which employ specialized military capabilities to seize, destroy, capture, exploit, 92 recover, or damage designated targets.
direct air support center
direct air support center (JP 1-02)
The principal air control agency of the US Marine air command and control system responsible for the direction and control of air operations directly supporting the ground combat element. It processes and coordinates requests for immediate air support and coordinates air missions requiring integration with ground forces and other supporting arms. It normally collocates with the senior fire support coordination center within the ground combat element and is subordinate to the tactical air command center.
direct air support center (airborne)
direct air support center (airborne) (JP 1-02)
An airborne aircraft equipped with the necessary staff personnel, communications, and operations facilities to function as a direct air support center.
directed energy
directed energy (JP 1-02)
An umbrella term covering technologies that relate to the production of a beam of concentrated electromagnetic energy or atomic or subatomic particles.
directed-energy device
directed-energy device (JP 1-02)
A system using directed energy primarily for a purpose other than as a weapon.
directed-energy warfare
directed-energy warfare (JP 1-02)
Military action involving the use of directed-energy weapons, devices, and countermeasures.
airfield
airfield (JP 1-02)
An area prepared for the accommodation (including any buildings, installations, and equipment), landing, and takeoff of aircraft.
directed-energy weapon
directed-energy weapon (JP 1-02)
A weapon or system that uses directed energy to incapacitate, damage, or destroy enemy equipment, facilities, and/or personnel.
direct fire
direct fire (JP 1-02)
Fire delivered on a target using the target itself as a point of aim for either the weapon or the director.
direction
direction (JP 1-02)
In artillery and naval gunfire support, a term used by a spotter and/or observer in a call for fire to indicate the bearing of the spotting line.
directional gyro indicator
directional gyro indicator (JP 1-02)
An azimuth gyro with a direct display and means for setting the datum to a specified compass heading.
direction finding
direction finding (JP 1-02)
A procedure for obtaining bearings of radio frequency emitters by using a highly directional antenna and a display unit on an intercept receiver or ancillary equipment.
directive authority for logistics
directive authority for logistics (JP 1-02)
Combatant commander authority to issue directives to subordinate commanders, including peacetime measures, necessary to ensure the effective execution of approved operation plans. Essential measures include the optimized use or reallocation of available resources and prevention or elimination of redundant facilities and/or overlapping functions among the Service component commands.
direct laying
direct laying (JP 1-02)
Laying in which the sights of weapons are aligned directly on the target. Normally used in conjunction with mortars and sometimes artillery.
direct liaison authorized
direct liaison authorized (JP 1-02)
That authority granted by a commander (any level) to a subordinate to directly consult or coordinate an action with a command or agency within or outside of the granting command. Direct liaison authorized is more applicable to planning than operations and always carries with it the requirement of keeping the commander granting direct liaison authorized informed. Direct liaison authorized is a coordination relationship, not an authority through which command may be exercised.
director of mobility forces
director of mobility forces (JP 1-02)
Normally a senior officer who is familiar with the area of responsibility or joint operations area and possesses an extensive background in air mobility operations. When established, the director of mobility forces serves as the designated agent for all air mobility issues in the area of responsibility or joint operations area, and for other duties as directed. The director of mobility forces exercises coordinating authority between the air operations center (or appropriate theater command and control node), the tanker airlift control center, the air mobility operations control center (when established and when supporting subordinate command objectives), and the joint movement center, in order to expedite the resolution of air mobility issues. The director of mobility forces may be sourced from the theater’s organizations or US Transportation Command. Additionally, the director of mobility forces, when designated, will ensure the effective integration of intertheater and intratheater air mobility operations, and facilitate the conduct of intratheater air mobility operations.
direct support
direct support (JP 1-02)
A mission requiring a force to support another specific force and authorizing it to answer directly to the supported force’s request for assistance.
Air Force special operations component
Air Force special operations component (JP 1-02)
The Air Force component of a joint force special operations component.
disabling fire
disabling fire (JP 1-02)
The firing of ordnance by ships or aircraft at the steering or propulsion system of a vessel. The intent is to disable with minimum injury to personnel or damage to vessel. 94
disaffected person
disaffected person (JP 1-02)
A person who is alienated or estranged from those in authority or lacks loyalty to the government; a state of mind.
disarmament
disarmament (JP 1-02)
The reduction of a military establishment to some level set by international agreement.
disaster assistance response team
disaster assistance response team (JP 1-02)
A team of specialists, trained in a variety of disaster relief skills, rapidly deployed to assist US embassies and United States Agency for International Development missions with the management of US Government response to disasters.
disease and nonbattle injury
disease and nonbattle injury (JP 1-02)
All illnesses and injuries not resulting from enemy or terrorist action or caused by conflict. Indigenous disease pathogens, biological warfare agents, heat and cold, hazardous noise, altitude, environmental, occupational, and industrial exposures, and other naturally occurring disease agents may cause disease and nonbattle injury. Disease and nonbattle injuries include injuries and illnesses resulting from training or from occupational, environmental, or recreational activities, and may result in short- or long-term, acute, or delayed illness, injury, disability, or death.
disease and nonbattle injury casualty
disease and nonbattle injury casualty (JP 1-02)
A person who is not a battle casualty but who is lost to the organization by reason of disease or injury, including persons dying of disease or injury, by reason of being missing where the absence does not appear to be voluntary, or due to enemy action or being interned.
disembarkation schedule
disembarkation schedule (JP 1-02)
See debarkation schedule.
disengagement
disengagement (JP 1-02)
In arms control, a general term for proposals that would result in the geographic separation of opposing nonindigenous forces without directly affecting indigenous military forces.
dislocated civilian
dislocated civilian (JP 1-02)
A broad term primarily used by the Department of Defense that includes a displaced person, an evacuee, an internally displaced person, a migrant, a refugee, or a stateless person.
dispersal
dispersal (JP 1-02)
Relocation of forces for the purpose of increasing survivability.
action phase
action phase (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the period of time between the arrival of the landing forces of the amphibious force in the operational area and the accomplishment of their mission.
Air Force special operations detachment
Air Force special operations detachment (JP 1-02)
A squadron-size headquarters that could be a composite organization composed of different Air Force special operations assets, normally subordinate to an Air Force special operations component.
dispersal airfield
dispersal airfield (JP 1-02)
An airfield, military or civil, to which aircraft might move before H-hour on either a temporary duty or permanent change of station basis and be able to conduct operations.
dispersion
dispersion (JP 1-02)
1. A scattered pattern of hits around the mean point of impact of bombs and projectiles dropped or fired under identical conditions.
displaced person
displaced person (JP 1-02)
A broad term used to refer to internally and externally displaced persons collectively.
display
display (JP 1-02)
In military deception, a static portrayal of an activity, force, or equipment intended to deceive the adversary’s visual observation.
dissemination and integration
dissemination and integration (JP 1-02)
In intelligence usage, the delivery of intelligence to users in a suitable form and the application of the intelligence to appropriate missions, tasks, and functions.
distant retirement area
distant retirement area (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the sea area located to seaward of the landing area. This area is divided into a number of operating areas to which assault ships may retire and operate in the event of adverse weather or to prevent concentration of ships in the landing area.
distressed person
distressed person (JP 1-02)
An individual who requires search and rescue assistance to remove he or she from life-threatening or isolating circumstances in a permissive environment.
distribution
distribution (JP 1-02)
distribution manager
distribution manager (JP 1-02)
The executive agent for managing distribution with the combatant commander’s area of responsibility.
distribution pipeline
distribution pipeline (JP 1-02)
Continuum or channel through which the Department of Defense conducts distribution operations. The distribution pipeline represents the end-to-end flow of resources from supplier to consumer and, in some cases, back to the supplier in retrograde activities.
Air Force special operations forces
Air Force special operations forces (JP 1-02)
Those Active and Reserve Component Air Force forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations.
distribution plan
distribution plan (JP 1-02)
A reporting system comprising reports, updates, and information systems feeds that articulate the requirements of the theater distribution system to the strategic and operational resources assigned responsibility for support to the theater. It portrays the interface of the physical, financial, information and communications 96 networks for gaining visibility of the theater distribution system and communicates control activities necessary for optimizing capacity of the system. It depicts, and is continually updated to reflect changes in, infrastructure, support relationships, and customer locations to all elements of the distribution system (strategic operational, and tactical).
distribution point
distribution point (JP 1-02)
A point at which supplies and/or ammunition, obtained from supporting supply points by a division or other unit, are broken down for distribution to subordinate units. Distribution points usually carry no stocks; items drawn are issued completely as soon as possible.
distribution system
distribution system (JP 1-02)
That complex of facilities, installations, methods, and procedures designed to receive, store, maintain, distribute, and control the flow of military materiel between the point of receipt into the military system and the point of issue to using activities and units.
ditching
ditching (JP 1-02)
Controlled landing of a distressed aircraft on water.
diversion
diversion (JP 1-02)
dock landing ship
dock landing ship (JP 1-02)
A ship designed to transport and launch loaded amphibious craft and/or amphibian vehicles with their crews and embarked personnel and/or equipment and to render limited docking and repair services to small ships and craft.
doctrine
doctrine (JP 1-02)
Fundamental principles by which the military forces or elements thereof guide their actions in support of national objectives. It is authoritative but requires judgment in application.
domestic emergencies
domestic emergencies (JP 1-02)
Emergencies affecting the public welfare and occurring within the 50 states, District of Columbia, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, US possessions and territories, or any political subdivision thereof, as a result of enemy attack, insurrection, civil disturbance, earthquake, fire, flood, or other public disasters or equivalent emergencies that endanger life and property or disrupt the usual process of government. Domestic emergencies include civil defense emergencies, civil disturbances, major disasters, and natural disasters.
domestic intelligence
domestic intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence relating to activities or conditions within the United States that threaten internal security and that might require the employment of troops; and intelligence relating to activities of individuals or agencies potentially or actually dangerous to the security of the Department of Defense.
dominant user
dominant user (JP 1-02)
The Service or multinational partner who is the principal consumer of a particular common-user logistic supply or service within a joint or multinational operation. The dominant user will normally act as the lead Service to provide this particular common-user logistic supply or service to other Service components, multinational partners, other governmental agencies, or nongovernmental agencies as directed by the combatant commander.
airhead
airhead (JP 1-02)
1. A designated area in a hostile or potentially hostile operational area that, when seized and held, ensures the continuous air landing of troops and materiel and provides the maneuver space necessary for projected operations. Normally it is the area seized in the assault phase of an airborne operation.
dominant user concept
dominant user concept (JP 1-02)
The concept that the Service that is the principal consumer will have the responsibility for performance of a support workload for all using Services.
double agent
double agent (JP 1-02)
Agent in contact with two opposing intelligence services, only one of which is aware of the double contact or quasi-intelligence services.
downgrade
downgrade (JP 1-02)
To determine that classified information requires, in the interests of national security, a lower degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure than currently provided, coupled with a changing of the classification designation to reflect such a lower degree.
downloading
downloading (JP 1-02)
An operation that removes airborne weapons or stores from an aircraft.
draft
draft (JP 1-02)
draft (military service)
draft (JP 1-02, military service)
The conscription of qualified citizens in military service.
draft (watercraft)
draft (JP 1-02, watercraft)
The depth of water that a vessel requires to float freely; the depth of a vessel from the water line to the keel.
drop altitude
drop altitude (JP 1-02)
The altitude above mean sea level at which airdrop is executed.
drop height
drop height (JP 1-02)
The vertical distance between the drop zone and the aircraft.
drop zone
drop zone (JP 1-02)
A specific area upon which airborne troops, equipment, or supplies are airdropped.
drug interdiction
drug interdiction (JP 1-02)
A continuum of events focused on interrupting illegal drugs smuggled by air, sea, or land. Normally consists of several phases – cueing, detection, sorting, monitoring, interception, handover, disruption, endgame, and apprehension – some which may occur simultaneously.
dry deck shelter
dry deck shelter (JP 1-02)
A shelter module that attaches to the hull of a specially configured submarine to provide the submarine with the capability to launch and recover special operations personnel, vehicles, and equipment while submerged. The dry deck shelter provides a working environment at one atmosphere for the special operations element during transit and has structural integrity to the collapse depth of the host submarine.
airhead line
airhead line (JP 1-02)
A line denoting the limits of the objective area for an airborne assault. The airhead line is bounded by assault objectives that are operationally located to ensure that enemy fires cannot be brought to bear on the main objective and for friendly forces to conduct defensive operations in depth.
dual-capable aircraft
dual-capable aircraft (JP 1-02)
Allied and US fighter aircraft tasked and configured to perform either conventional or theater nuclear missions.
dual-role tanker
dual-role tanker (JP 1-02)
Dual-role tankers carry support personnel, supplies, and equipment for the deploying force while escorting and/or refueling combat aircraft to the area of responsibility. Dual-role tankers can minimize the total lift requirement while providing critical cargo and personnel at the combat aircraft’s time of arrival.
dummy
dummy (JP 1-02)
See decoy.
duty status - whereabouts unknown
duty status - whereabouts unknown (JP 1-02)
A transitory casualty status, applicable only to military personnel, that is used when the responsible commander suspects the member may be a casualty whose absence is involuntary, but does not feel sufficient evidence currently exists to make a definite determination of missing or deceased.
dwell time
dwell time (JP 1-02)
1. The time cargo remains in a terminal’s in-transit storage area while awaiting shipment by clearance transportation.
dynamic targeting
dynamic targeting (JP 1-02)
Targeting that prosecutes targets identified too late, or not selected for action in time to be included in deliberate targeting.
dynamic threat assessment
dynamic threat assessment (JP 1-02)
An intelligence assessment developed by the Defense Intelligence Agency that details the threat, capabilities, and intentions of adversaries in each of the priority plans in the Contingency Planning Guidance.
earliest anticipated launch time
earliest anticipated launch time (JP 1-02)
The earliest time expected for a special operations tactical element and its supporting platform to depart the staging or marshalling area together en route to the operations area.
earliest arrival date
earliest arrival date (JP 1-02)
A day, relative to C-day, that is specified as the earliest date when a unit, a resupply shipment, or replacement personnel can be accepted at a port of debarkation during a deployment.
early warning
early warning (JP 1-02)
Early notification of the launch or approach of unknown weapons or weapons carriers.
air interdiction
air interdiction (JP 1-02)
Air operations conducted to divert, disrupt, delay, or destroy the enemy’s military surface capabilities before it can be brought to bear effectively against friendly forces, or to otherwise achieve objectives that are conducted at such distances from friendly forces that detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of friendly forces is not required.
echelon
echelon (JP 1-02)
economic action
economic action (JP 1-02)
The planned use of economic measures designed to influence the policies or actions of another state, e.g., to impair the war-making potential of a hostile power or to generate economic stability within a friendly power.
economy of force
economy of force (JP 1-02)
The judicious employment and distribution of forces so as to expend the minimum essential combat power on secondary efforts in order to allocate the maximum possible combat power on primary efforts.
E-day
E-day (JP 1-02)
effect
effect (JP 1-02)
effective damage
effective damage (JP 1-02)
That damage necessary to render a target element inoperative, unserviceable, nonproductive, or uninhabitable.
effective United States controlled ships
effective United States controlled ships (JP 1-02)
United States-owned foreign flag ships that can be tasked by the Maritime Administration to support Department of Defense requirements when necessary.
electro-explosive device
electro-explosive device (JP 1-02)
An explosive or pyrotechnic component that initiates an explosive, burning, electrical, or mechanical train and is activated by the application of electrical energy.
electromagnetic battle management
electromagnetic battle management (JP 1-02)
The dynamic monitoring, assessing, planning, and directing of joint electromagnetic spectrum operations in support of the commander’s scheme of maneuver.
electromagnetic compatibility
electromagnetic compatibility (JP 1-02)
The ability of systems, equipment, and devices that use the electromagnetic spectrum to operate in their intended environments without causing or suffering unacceptable or unintentional degradation because of electromagnetic radiation or response.
airland
airland (JP 1-02)
Move by air and disembark, or unload, after the aircraft has landed or while an aircraft is hovering.
electromagnetic environment
electromagnetic environment (JP 1-02)
The resulting product of the power and time distribution, in various frequency ranges, of the radiated or conducted electromagnetic emission levels encountered by a military force, system, or platform when performing its assigned mission in its intended operational environment.
electromagnetic environmental effects
electromagnetic environmental effects (JP 1-02)
The impact of the electromagnetic environment upon the operational capability of military forces, equipment, systems, and platforms.
electromagnetic hardening
electromagnetic hardening (JP 1-02)
Action taken to protect personnel, facilities, and/or equipment by blanking, filtering, attenuating, grounding, bonding, and/or shielding against undesirable effects of electromagnetic energy.
electromagnetic interference
electromagnetic interference (JP 1-02)
Any electromagnetic disturbance, induced intentionally or unintentionally, that interrupts, obstructs, or otherwise degrades or limits the effective performance of electronics and electrical equipment.
electromagnetic intrusion
electromagnetic intrusion (JP 1-02)
The intentional insertion of electromagnetic energy into transmission paths in any manner, with the objective of deceiving operators or of causing confusion.
electromagnetic jamming
electromagnetic jamming (JP 1-02)
The deliberate radiation, reradiation, or reflection of electromagnetic energy for the purpose of preventing or reducing an enemy’s effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum, and with the intent of degrading or neutralizing the enemy’s combat capability.
electromagnetic operational environment
electromagnetic operational environment (JP 1-02)
The background electromagnetic environment and the friendly, neutral, and adversarial electromagnetic order of battle within the electromagnetic area of influence associated with a given operational area.
electromagnetic pulse
electromagnetic pulse (JP 1-02)
The electromagnetic radiation from a strong electronic pulse, most commonly caused by a nuclear explosion that may couple with electrical or 102 electronic systems to produce damaging current and voltage surges.
electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation (JP 1-02)
Radiation made up of oscillating electric and magnetic fields and propagated with the speed of light.
electromagnetic spectrum
electromagnetic spectrum (JP 1-02)
The range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation from zero to infinity. It is divided into 26 alphabetically designated bands.
air land operation
air land operation (JP 1-02)
An operation involving movement by air with a designated destination for further ground deployment of units and personnel and/or further ground distribution of supplies.
electromagnetic spectrum control
electromagnetic spectrum control (JP 1-02)
The coordinated execution of joint electromagnetic spectrum operations with other lethal and nonlethal operations that enable freedom of action in the electromagnetic operational environment.
electromagnetic spectrum management
electromagnetic spectrum management (JP 1-02)
Planning, coordinating, and managing use of the electromagnetic spectrum through operational, engineering, and administrative procedures.
electromagnetic vulnerability
electromagnetic vulnerability (JP 1-02)
The characteristics of a system that cause it to suffer a definite degradation (incapability to perform the designated mission) as a result of having been subjected to a certain level of electromagnetic environmental effects.
electronic attack
electronic attack (JP 1-02)
Division of electronic warfare involving the use of electromagnetic energy, directed energy, or antiradiation weapons to attack personnel, facilities, or equipment with the intent of degrading, neutralizing, or destroying enemy combat capability and is considered a form of fires.
electronic imagery dissemination
electronic imagery dissemination (JP 1-02)
The transmission of imagery or imagery products by any electronic means. This includes the following four categories. a. primary imagery
dissemination system
dissemination system (JP 1-02)
The equipment and procedures used in the electronic transmission and receipt of un-exploited original or near-original quality imagery in
near real time. b. primary imagery dissemination
near real time. b. primary imagery dissemination (JP 1-02)
The electronic transmission and receipt of unexploited original or near-original quality imagery in near real time through a primary imagery dissemination system. c. secondary imagery
dissemination
dissemination (JP 1-02)
The electronic transmission and receipt of exploited non-original quality imagery and imagery products in other than real or near real time through a secondary imagery dissemination system. 103
electronic intelligence
electronic intelligence (JP 1-02)
Technical and geolocation intelligence derived from foreign noncommunications electromagnetic radiations emanating from other than nuclear detonations or radioactive sources.
electronic probing
electronic probing (JP 1-02)
Intentional radiation designed to be introduced into the devices or systems of potential enemies for the purpose of learning the functions and operational capabilities of the devices or systems.
air liaison officer
air liaison officer (JP 1-02)
The senior tactical air control party member attached to a ground unit who functions as the primary advisor to the ground commander on air power. An air liaison officer is usually an aeronautically rated officer.
electronic protection
electronic protection (JP 1-02)
Division of electronic warfare involving actions taken to protect personnel, facilities, and equipment from any effects of friendly or enemy use of the electromagnetic spectrum that degrade, neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability.
electronic reconnaissance
electronic reconnaissance (JP 1-02)
The detection, location, identification, and evaluation of foreign electromagnetic radiations.
electronics security
electronics security (JP 1-02)
The protection resulting from all measures designed to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derived from their interception and study of noncommunications electromagnetic radiations, e.g., radar.
electronic warfare
electronic warfare (JP 1-02)
Military action involving the use of electromagnetic and directed energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum or to attack the enemy.
electronic warfare frequency deconfliction
electronic warfare frequency deconfliction (JP 1-02)
Actions taken to integrate those frequencies used by electronic warfare systems into the overall frequency deconfliction process.
electronic warfare reprogramming
electronic warfare reprogramming (JP 1-02)
The deliberate alteration or modification of electronic warfare or target sensing systems, or the tactics and procedures that employ them, in response to validated changes in equipment, tactics, or the electromagnetic environment.
electronic warfare support
electronic warfare support (JP 1-02)
Division of electronic warfare involving actions tasked by, or under direct control of, an operational commander to search for, intercept, identify, 104 and locate or localize sources of intentional and unintentional radiated electromagnetic energy for the purpose of immediate threat recognition, targeting, planning and conduct of future operations.
electro-optical-infrared countermeasure
electro-optical-infrared countermeasure (JP 1-02)
A device or technique employing electrooptical-infrared materials or technology that is intended to impair the effectiveness of enemy activity, particularly with respect to precision guided weapons and sensor systems.
electro-optical intelligence
electro-optical intelligence (JP 1-02)
Intelligence other than signals intelligence derived from the optical monitoring of the electromagnetic spectrum from ultraviolet (0.01 micrometers) through far infrared (1,000 micrometers).
electro-optics
electro-optics (JP 1-02)
The technology associated with those components, devices and systems which are designed to interact between the electromagnetic (optical) and the electric (electronic) state.
airlift capability
airlift capability (JP 1-02)
The total capacity expressed in terms of number of passengers and/or weight/cubic displacement of cargo that can be carried at any one time to a given destination by available airlift.
element
element (JP 1-02)
An organization formed around a specific function within a designated directorate of a joint force commander’s headquarters. The subordinate components of an element usually are functional cells.
elevated causeway system
elevated causeway system (JP 1-02)
An elevated causeway pier that provides a means of delivering containers, certain vehicles, and bulk cargo ashore without the lighterage contending with the surf zone.
elicitation (intelligence)
elicitation (intelligence) (JP 1-02)
Acquisition of information from a person or group in a manner that does not disclose the intent of the interview or conversation. A technique of human source intelligence collection, generally overt, unless the collector is other than he or she purports to be.
eligible traffic
eligible traffic (JP 1-02)
Traffic for which movement requirements are submitted and space is assigned or allocated. Such traffic must meet eligibility requirements specified in Joint Travel Regulations for the Uniformed Services and publications of the Department of Defense and Military Departments governing eligibility for land, sea, and air transportation, and be in accordance with the guidance of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
embarkation
embarkation (JP 1-02)
The process of putting personnel and/or vehicles and their associated stores and equipment into ships and/or aircraft.
embarkation and tonnage table
embarkation and tonnage table (JP 1-02)
A consolidated table showing personnel and cargo, by troop or naval units, loaded aboard a combat-loaded ship.
embarkation area
embarkation area (JP 1-02)
An area ashore, including a group of embarkation points, in which final preparations for embarkation are completed and through which assigned personnel 105 and loads for craft and ships are called forward to embark.
embarkation element
embarkation element (JP 1-02)
A temporary administrative formation of personnel with supplies and equipment embarking or to be embarked (combat loaded) aboard the ships of one transport element. It is dissolved upon completion of the embarkation. An embarkation element normally consists of two or more embarkation teams.
embarkation group
embarkation group (JP 1-02)
A temporary administrative formation of personnel with supplies and equipment embarking or to be embarked (combat loaded) aboard the ships of one transport element group. It is dissolved upon completion of the embarkation. An embarkation group normally consists of two or more embarkation units.
embarkation officer
embarkation officer (JP 1-02)
An officer on the staff of units of the landing force who advises the commander thereof on matters pertaining to embarkation planning and loading ships.
airlift control team
airlift control team (JP 1-02)
A cell within the joint air operations center and one of the core teams in the air mobility division. The airlift control team brings intratheater airlift functional expertise from the theater organizations to plan, coordinate, manage, and execute intratheater airlift operations in the area of responsibility and joint operations area for the joint force air component commander. United States Transportation Command and Air Mobility Command may augment the airlift control team with intratheater airlift expertise. These two sources of airlift expertise integrate into a single airlift control 10 team within the air mobility division.
embarkation order
embarkation order (JP 1-02)
An order specifying dates, times, routes, loading diagrams, and methods of movement to shipside or aircraft for troops and their equipment.
embarkation organization
embarkation organization (JP 1-02)
A temporary administrative formation of personnel with supplies and equipment embarking or to be embarked (combat loaded) aboard amphibious shipping.
embarkation phase
embarkation phase (JP 1-02)
In amphibious operations, the phase that encompasses the orderly assembly of personnel and materiel and their subsequent loading aboard ships and/or aircraft in a sequence designed to meet the requirements of the landing force concept of operations ashore.
embarkation plans
embarkation plans (JP 1-02)
The plans prepared by the landing force and appropriate subordinate commanders containing instructions and information concerning the organization for embarkation, assignment to shipping, supplies and equipment to be embarked, location and assignment of embarkation areas, control and communication arrangements, movement schedules and embarkation sequence, and additional pertinent instructions relating to the embarkation of the landing force.
embarkation team
embarkation team (JP 1-02)
A temporary administrative formation of all personnel with supplies and equipment embarking or to be embarked (combat loaded) aboard one ship.
embarkation unit
embarkation unit (JP 1-02)
A temporary administrative formation of personnel with supplies and equipment embarking or to be embarked (combat loaded) aboard the ships of one transport unit. It is dissolved upon completion of the embarkation. An embarkation unit normally consists of two or more embarkation elements. JP 3-02.1) 106
emergency action committee
emergency action committee (JP 1-02)
An organization established at a foreign service post by the chief of mission or principal officer for the purpose of directing and coordinating the post’s response to contingencies. It consists of consular representatives and members of other local US Government agencies in a foreign country who assist in the implementation of a Department of State emergency action plan.
emergency authority
emergency authority (JP 1-02)
A Federal military commander’s authority, in extraordinary emergency circumstances where prior authorization by the President is impossible and duly constituted local authorities are unable to control the situation, to engage temporarily in activities that are necessary to quell large-scale, unexpected civil disturbances because (1) such activities are necessary to prevent significant loss of life or wanton destruction of property and are necessary to restore governmental function and public order or (2) duly constituted Federal, state, or local authorities are unable or decline to provide adequate protection for Federal property or Federal governmental functions. (DODD 3025.18)
emergency-essential employee
emergency-essential employee (JP 1-02)
A Department of Defense civilian employee whose assigned duties and responsibilities must be accomplished following the evacuation of non-essential personnel (including dependents) during a declared emergency or outbreak of war.
emergency locator beacon
emergency locator beacon (JP 1-02)
A generic term for all radio beacons used for emergency locating purposes.
See JP1-02, Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms, Page 1
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Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms
This publication provides doctrine for planning, coordinating, and providing personnel support to joint operations. It also provides information relating to the functions, authorities, and responsibilities of a combatant commander, joint force commander and staffs, and the Service components as they relate to personnel management and selected activities that support the personnel needs of the joint force.
This publication provides joint doctrine and information for the planning, preparation, and execution of legal support to joint military operations.
This publication provides doctrine for religious affairs in joint operations. It also provides information on the chaplain’s roles as the principal advisor to the joint force commander on religious affairs and a key advisor on the impact of religion on military operations. It further provides information on the chaplain’s role of delivering and facilitating religious ministries in joint operations.
Financial Management Support in Joint Operations
This publication provides doctrine for financial management in support of joint operations, to include multinational and interagency financial coordination considerations.
This publication is the keystone document of the joint intelligence series. It provides fundamental principles and guidance for intelligence support to joint operations and unified action.
Joint and National Intelligence Support to Military Operations
This publication provides doctrine for joint and national intelligence products, services, and support to joint military operations.
Joint Intelligence Preparation of the Operational Environment
This keystone publication forms the core of joint warfighting doctrine and establishes the framework for our forces’ ability to fight as a joint team.
This publication provides doctrine for joint counterair operations and protection against air and missile threats across the range of military operations.
This publication is a doctrine document in the joint operations series. It provides fundamental principles that guide the Armed Forces of the United States in the conduct of amphibious operations.
This publication provides doctrine for planning, preparing, executing, and assessing joint interdiction operations.
This publication provides doctrine for planning, coordinating, and conducting joint shipboard helicopter operations from US ships with flight decks.
This publication provides overarching doctrine for special operations and the employment and support of special operations forces across the range of military operations.
Joint Special Operations Task Force Operations
This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning, execution, and assessment of joint operations in an urban environment and explains how they differ from operations undertaken in other environments.
This publication provides doctrine for the conduct of stability operations during joint
Interorganizational Coordination During Joint Operations
This publication provides joint doctrine for the coordination of military operations with US Government agencies; state, local,
This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for planning, coordinating, and executing joint fire support
This publication provides doctrine for planning and executing operations to protect a joint security area in operational areas outside the homeland. It outlines the joint force commander's responsibilities and discusses organizational options and command and control considerations across the range of military operations.
Operations in Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Environments
This publication provides doctrine to assist commanders and staffs in planning, preparing for, conducting, and assessing operations in which their forces may encounter chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats and hazards.
This publication provides doctrine for information operations planning, preparation, execution, and assessment in support of joint operations.
Military Information Support Operations, 07 01 2010, Change 1
This publication provides joint doctrine for planning, executing, and assessing joint space operations.
Barriers, Obstacles, and Mine Warfare for Joint Operations
This publication provides doctrinal guidance for planning and executing barrier, obstacle, and mine warfare for joint operations as they relate to strategic, operational, and tactical mobility and countermobility across the range of military operations.
Counter-Improvised Explosive Device Operations
This publication describes joint organizational structures essential to coordinate air, land, maritime, space, and special operations and it addresses operational considerations that the commander and staff should consider during the planning and execution of multinational operations.
This publication provides joint doctrine for planning, employing, and assessing air mobility operations across the range of military operations.
This publication provides the fundamental principles and doctrine concerning the command and control, planning, execution, and support of joint forcible entry operations.
This publication establishes joint doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States involved in or supporting foreign internal defense (FID). It discusses how joint operations, involving the application of all instruments of national power, support host nation efforts to build capability and capacity to free and protect its society from subversion, lawlessness, and insurgency.
This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning, execution, and assessment of counterinsurgency (COIN) operations across the range of military operations. This will include the description of relationships between COIN, irregular warfare, counterterrorism, and foreign internal defense.
This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning and execution of counterterrorism across the range of military operations.
This publication provides doctrine for the defense of the US homeland across the range of military operations. It provides information on command and control, interagency and multinational coordination, and operations required to defeat external threats to, and aggression against, the homeland.
This publication provides overarching guidelines and principles to assist commanders and their staffs in planning and conducting joint civil support operations.
This publication provides joint doctrine for planning, executing, and assessing foreign humanitarian assistance operations.
Command and Control for Joint Air Operations
This publication provides joint doctrine for the command and control (C2) of joint air operations across the range of military operations and discusses responsibilities of a joint force air component commander (JFACC).
Command and Control for Joint Land Operations
This publication provides doctrine for the command and control of joint land operations by a joint force land component commander JFLCC). It addresses considerations for forming and establishing a functional land force component with a designated JFLCC and for planning, execution, and assessment of joint force land operations across the range of military operations.
Command and Control for Joint Maritime Operations, 08 08 2006, Change 1
This publication provides doctrine for the command and control of joint maritime operations throughout the range of military operations. It addresses command relationships and the considerations, procedures, and options for conducting joint maritime operations under a functional component commander.
This publication provides joint doctrine for the formation and employment of a joint task force (JTF) headquarters to command and control joint operations. It provides guidance on the JTF headquarters' role in planning, preparing, executing, and assessing JTF operations.
This publication provides doctrine for the planning, command and control, execution, and assessment of joint engineer operations.
This publication provides doctrine and principles for planning and executing deployment, joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration, and redeployment of the Armed Forces of the United States.
This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for combating weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery.
Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Consequence Management
This publication provides joint doctrine for the military response to mitigate the effects of a chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear event or incident.
Provides doctrine for the planning, execution, and assessment of airspace control during joint operations across the full range of military operations. It also discusses airspace control across the phases of military operations, emphasizing transitions from, and back to, civilian controlled airspace.
This publication provides joint doctrine for the planning and conduct of civil-military operations (CMO) by joint forces, the use of civil affairs forces, the conduct of civil affairs operations, and the coordination with other capabilities contributing to the execution of CMO to achieve unified action.
Meteorological and Oceanographic Operations
This publication sets forth the joint doctrine for the planning and execution of meteorological and oceanographic operations in support of joint operations throughout the range of military operations.
This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for public affairs support to joint operations. It also addresses public affairs operations and the role of public affairs in
This publication provides guidelines for planning and executing detainee operations. It outlines responsibilities and discusses organizational options, and command and control considerations across the range of military operations.
This publication provides doctrine for planning and conducting joint noncombatant evacuation operations throughout the range of military operations. Specific information on repatriation operations is also provided.
This publication is the keystone document of the joint logistics series. It sets forth joint doctrine for the activities and performance of the Armed Forces of the United States in joint operations and provides the doctrinal basis for the conduct of joint logistics.
Joint Doctrine for the Defense Transportation System
This publication covers the interrelationships and applications of the Defense Transportation System. It focuses on combatant commanders, their Service component commands, and all agencies that use the Defense Transportation System.
Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Transportation Terminal Operations
This publication provides doctrine for the planning, preparation, and execution of health service support across the range of military operations.
This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for providing bulk petroleum and water in support of US military operations.
This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for the planning and conduct of joint military mobilization and demobilization, as well as some additional methods of force expansion, including use of volunteers and Presidential Reserve Call-up.
This publication provides joint doctrine for mortuary affairs support in joint operations. It outlines procedures for the search, recovery, evacuation (to include tracking of human remains), tentative identification, processing, and/or temporary interment of remains.
JTTP for Common-User Logistics During Joint Operations
Joint Doctrine for Logistic Support of Multinational Operations
This publication describes the unique logistical aspects associated with multinational operations, including planning, coordination, execution, command and control, and deconfliction of logistic requirements.
This publication provides doctrine for the planning, execution, and assessment of joint distribution operations.
This publication establishes doctrine for planning, conducting, and assessing operational contract support integration and contractor management functions in support of joint operations.
This publication reflects current guidance for planning military operations and, as a keystone publication, forms the core of joint doctrine for joint operation planning throughout the range of military operations.
This publication is the keystone document for the communications system series of publications. This publication presents approved doctrine for communications system support to joint and multinational operations and outlines the responsibilities of Services, agencies, and combatant commands with respect to ensuring effective communications system support to commanders.
Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum Management Operations
This publication provides doctrine for joint electromagnetic spectrum management operations organization, planning, preparation, execution, and assessment in support of joint operations.
A unit, organization, or installation performing a function or mission.
A function, mission, action, or collection of actions.
All defensive measures designed to destroy or nullify attacking enemy aircraft and missiles and also negate hostile space systems.
An inclusive term encompassing air defense, ballistic missile defense, and space defense.
A point associated with a target and assigned for a specific weapon impact. May be defined descriptively (e.g., vent in center of roof), by grid reference, or geolocation. More specific classifications of aimpoint include desired point of impact, joint desired point of impact, and desired mean point of impact.
A prominent radarsignificant feature, for example a tip of land or bridge, used to assist an aircrew in navigating and delivering their weapons (usually in bad weather and/or at night).
In relation to personnel, troops especially trained to effect, following transport by air, an assault debarkation, either by parachuting or touchdown.
In relation to equipment, pieces of equipment that have been especially designed for use by airborne troops during or after an assault debarkation. It also designates some aeronautical equipment used to accomplish a particular mission.
When applied to materiel, items that form an integral part of the aircraft.
The state of an aircraft, from the instant it becomes entirely sustained by air until it ceases to be so sustained. A lighter-than-air aircraft is not considered to be airborne when it is attached to the ground, except that moored balloons are airborne whenever sent aloft.
A crisis action planning directive from the Secretary of Defense, issued by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, that provides essential guidance for planning and directs the initiation of execution planning for the selected course of action authorized by the Secretary of Defense.
A planning directive that provides essential planning guidance, directs the initiation of execution planning after the directing authority approves a military course of action, but does not authorize execution.
Intelligence products and/or organizations and activities that incorporate all sources of information, most frequently including human intelligence, imagery intelligence, measurement and signature intelligence, signals intelligence, and open-source data in the production of finished intelligence.
In intelligence collection, a phrase that indicates that in the satisfaction of intelligence requirements, all collection, processing, exploitation, and reporting systems and resources are identified for possible use and those most capable are tasked.
The system or problem to which a computer is applied. Reference is often made to an application as being either of the computational type (arithmetic computations predominate) or of the data processing type (data handling operations predominate).
In the intelligence context, the direct extraction and tailoring of information from an existing foundation of intelligence and near real time reporting. It is focused on and meets specific, narrow requirements, normally on demand.
The climax of an attack, closing with the enemy in hand-to-hand fighting.
In an amphibious operation, the period of time between the arrival of the major assault forces of the amphibious task force in the objective area and the accomplishment of the amphibious task force mission.
That fire delivered by attacking troops as they close with the enemy.
In artillery, extremely accurate, short-range destruction fire at point targets. 23
An area in which a command is assembled preparatory to further action.
In a supply installation, the gross area used for collecting and combining components into complete units, kits, or assemblies.
A continuous process that measures the overall effectiveness of employing joint force capabilities during military operations.
Determination of the progress toward accomplishing a task, creating a condition, or achieving an objective.
Analysis of the security, effectiveness, and potential of an existing or planned intelligence activity.
Judgment of the motives, qualifications, and characteristics of present or prospective employees or agents.
To place units or personnel in an organization where such placement is relatively permanent, and/or where such organization controls and administers the units or personnel for the primary function, or greater portion of the functions, of the unit or personnel.
To detail individuals to specific duties or functions where such duties or functions are primary and/or relatively permanent.
The placement of units or personnel in an organization where such placement is relatively temporary.
The detailing of individuals to specific functions where such functions are secondary or relatively temporary.
The interceptor heading during the attack phase that will achieve the desired track-crossing angle.
The assigned magnetic compass heading to be flown by aircraft during the delivery phase of an air strike.
A security measure designed to protect a communications system against acceptance of a fraudulent transmission or simulation by establishing the validity of a transmission, message, or originator.
A means of identifying individuals and verifying their eligibility to receive specific categories of information.
Evidence by proper signature or seal that a document is genuine and official.
In personnel recovery missions, the process whereby the identity of an isolated person is confirmed.
A prearranged barrier of fires, except that delivered by small arms, designed to protect friendly troops and installations by impeding enemy movements across defensive lines or areas.
A type of electronic attack intended for simultaneous jamming over a wide area of frequency spectrum.
A locality from which operations are projected or supported.
An area or locality containing installations which provide logistic or other support.
Home airfield or home carrier.
(surveying) A surveyed line established with more than usual care, to which surveys are referred for coordination and correlation.
(photogrammetry) The line between the principal points of two consecutive vertical air photographs. It is usually measured on one photograph after the principal point of the other has been transferred.
(radio navigation systems) The shorter arc of the great circle joining two radio transmitting stations of a navigation system.
(triangulation) The side of one of a series of coordinated triangles the length of which is measured with prescribed accuracy and precision and from which lengths of the other triangle sides are obtained by computation.
The area extending from the shoreline inland to a marked change in physiographic form or material, or to the line of permanent vegetation (coastline).
In amphibious operations, that portion of the shoreline designated for landing of a tactical organization.
A subdivision of any organization.
A geographically separate unit of an activity, which performs all or part of the primary functions of the parent activity on a
smaller scale.
Storage in a warehouse of supplies and equipment in large quantities, usually in original containers, as distinguished from bin storage.
Storage of liquids, such as petroleum products in tanks, as distinguished from drum or packaged storage.
An intelligence operation in its entirety.
Record of the development of an intelligence operation, including personnel, modus operandi, and objectives.
A word that has been assigned a classification and a classified meaning to safeguard intentions and information regarding a classified plan or operation.
A cryptonym used to identify sensitive intelligence data.
The grouping together of related items to provide a record of events and facilitate further processing.
To compare critically two or more items or documents concerning the same general subject; normally accomplished in the processing and exploitation portion of the intelligence process.
An intelligence need considered in the allocation of intelligence resources. Within the Department of Defense, these collection requirements fulfill the essential elements of information and other intelligence needs of a commander, or an agency.
An established intelligence need, validated against the appropriate allocation of intelligence resources (as a requirement) to fulfill the essential elements of information and other intelligence needs of an intelligence consumer.
The authority that a commander in the armed forces lawfully exercises over subordinates by virtue of rank or assignment. Command includes the authority and responsibility for effectively using available resources and for planning the employment of, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling military forces for the accomplishment of assigned missions. It also includes responsibility for health, welfare, morale, and discipline of assigned personnel.
An order given by a commander; that is, the will of the commander expressed for the purpose of bringing about a particular action.
A unit or units, an organization, or an area under the command of one individual.
Any item of materiel that is required for use by more than one activity.
Sometimes loosely used to denote any consumable item except repair parts or other technical items.
Any item of materiel that is procured for, owned by (Service stock), or used by any Military Department of the Department of Defense and is also required to be furnished to a recipient country under the grant-aid Military Assistance Program.
Readily available commercial items.
Items used by two or more Military Services of similar manufacture or fabrication that may vary between the Services as to color or shape (as vehicles or clothing).
Any part or component that is required in the assembly of two or more complete end-items.
Establishment and management of an organization so that information about the personnel, internal organization, or activities of one component is made available to any other component only to the extent required for the performance of assigned duties.
Effects of relief and drainage upon avenues of approach so as to produce areas bounded on at least two sides by terrain features such as woods, ridges, or ravines that limit observation or observed fire into the area from points outside the area.
Those variables of an operational environment or situation in which a unit, system, or individual is expected to operate and may affect performance.
A physical or behavioral state of a system that is required for the achievement of an objective.
The deposit, absorption, or adsorption of radioactive material, or of biological or chemical agents on or by structures, areas, personnel, or objects.
Food and/or water made unfit for consumption by humans or animals because of the presence of environmental chemicals, radioactive elements, bacteria or organisms, the byproduct of the growth of bacteria or organisms, the decomposing material (to include the food substance itself), or waste in the food or water.
A maritime zone adjacent to the territorial sea that may not extend beyond
nautical miles (nms) from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured. Within the contiguous zone the coastal state may exercise the control necessary to prevent and punish infringement of its customs, fiscal, immigration, or sanitary laws and regulations within its territory or territorial sea. In all other respects the contiguous zone is an area subject to high seas freedom of navigation, overflight, and related freedoms, such as the conduct of military exercises.
A position along a route of march at which men are stationed to give information and instructions for the regulation of supply or traffic.
A position marked by coordinates (latitude, longitude), a buoy, boat, aircraft, electronic device, conspicuous terrain feature, or other identifiable object which is given a name or number and used as an aid to navigation or control of ships, boats, or aircraft.
In marking mosaics, a point located by ground survey with which a corresponding point on a photograph is matched as a check.
Information conveyed to an adversary in a deception operation to evoke desired appreciations.
Information and indicators deliberately conveyed or denied to foreign targets to evoke invalid official estimates that result in foreign official actions advantageous to US interests and objectives.
Those forces capable of conducting operations using nonnuclear weapons.
Those forces other than designated special operations forces.
A naval ship(s) or aircraft in company with a convoy and responsible for its protection.
An escort to protect a convoy of vehicles from being scattered, destroyed, or captured.
Any sequence of activities that an individual or unit may follow.
A scheme developed to accomplish a mission.
A product of the course-of-action development step of the joint operation planning process.
Fire used to protect troops when they are within range of enemy small arms.
In amphibious usage, fire delivered prior to the landing to cover preparatory operations such as underwater demolition or mine countermeasures.
A force operating apart from the main force for the purpose of intercepting, engaging, delaying, disorganizing, and deceiving the enemy before the enemy can attack the force covered.
Any body or detachment of troops which 75 provides security for a larger force by observation, reconnaissance, attack, or defense, or by any combination of these methods.
A key geographical point or position important to the success of an operation.
In point of time, a crisis or a turning point in an operation.
A selected point along a line of march used for reference in giving instructions.
A point where there is a change of direction or change in slope in a ridge or stream.
Any point along a route of march where interference with a troop movement may occur.
The responsibility for the control of, transfer and movement of, and access to, weapons and components. Custody also includes the maintenance of accountability for weapons and components.
Temporary restraint of a person.
The determination of the effect of attacks on targets.
A determination of the effect of a compromise of classified information on national security.
A basic unit of information built on standard structures having a unique meaning and distinct units or values.
In electronic recordkeeping, a combination of characters or bytes referring to one separate item of information, such as name, address, or age.
A reference surface consisting of five quantities: the latitude and longitude of an initial point, the azimuth of a line from that point, and the parameters of the reference ellipsoid.
The mathematical model of the earth used to calculate the coordinates on any map. Different nations use different datums for printing coordinates on their maps. The datum is usually referenced in the marginal information of each map.
In naval mine warfare, a minefield laid in international waters or international straits with the declared intention of controlling shipping in defense of sea communications.
In land mine warfare, a minefield laid in accordance with an established plan to prevent a penetration between positions and to strengthen the defense of the positions themselves.
Protection from hostile observation and fire provided by an obstacle such as a hill, ridge, or bank.
A vertical distance by which a position is concealed from enemy observation.
To shield from enemy fire or observation by using natural or artificial obstacles.
The Adaptive Planning and Execution system process involving the development of joint operation plans for contingencies identified in joint strategic planning documents.
A planning process for the deployment and employment of apportioned forces and resources that occurs in response to a hypothetical situation.
An attack or show of force on a front where a decision is not sought, made with the aim of deceiving the enemy.
In military deception, a show of force in an area where a decision is not sought that is made to deceive an adversary. It is similar to a feint but no actual contact with the adversary is intended.
When used in connection with the transfer of weapons between the Department of Energy and the Department of Defense, this term describes those weapons transferred to and in the custody of the Department of Defense.
Those nuclear weapons specifically authorized by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to be transferred to the custody of the storage facilities or carrying or delivery units of the Armed Forces.
In naval usage, the change from a cruising approach or contact disposition to a disposition for battle.
The movement of forces within operational areas.
The positioning of forces into a formation for battle.
The relocation of forces and materiel to desired operational areas. Deployment encompasses all activities from origin or home station through destination, specifically including intra-continental United States, intertheater, and intratheater movement legs, staging, and holding areas.
In tactical operations, the perception of an object of possible military interest but unconfirmed by recognition.
In surveillance, the determination and transmission by a surveillance system that an event has occurred.
In arms control, the first step in the process of ascertaining the occurrence of a violation of an arms control agreement.
In chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear environments, the act of locating chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear hazards by use of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear detectors or monitoring and/or survey teams.
The arrangement of troops for any purpose, such as a battle, march, or maneuver.
A planned pattern of projectiles about a point.
A planned spread of fire to cover a desired frontage or depth.
An official delivery of anything, such as orders or supplies.
The operational process of synchronizing all elements of the logistic system to deliver the right things to the right place at the right time to support the geographic combatant commander.
The process of assigning military personnel to activities, units, or billets.
The act of drawing the attention and forces of an enemy from the point of the principal operation; an attack, alarm, or feint that diverts attention.
A change made in a prescribed route for operational or tactical reasons that does not constitute a change of destination.
A rerouting of cargo or passengers to a new transshipment point or destination or on a different mode of transportation prior to arrival at ultimate destination.
In naval mine warfare, a route or channel bypassing a dangerous area by connecting one channel to another or it may branch from a channel and rejoin it on the other side of the danger.
A subdivision of a headquarters, i.e., forward echelon, rear echelon.
Separate level of command. As compared to a regiment, a division is a higher echelon, a battalion is a lower echelon.
A fraction of a command in the direction of depth to which a principal combat mission is assigned; i.e., attack echelon, support echelon, reserve echelon.
A formation in which its subdivisions are placed one behind another, with a lateral and even spacing to the same side.
An order issued by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, at the direction of the Secretary of Defense, to implement a decision by the President to initiate military operations.
An order to initiate military operations as directed.
Taking full advantage of success in military operations, following up initial gains, and making permanent the temporary effects already achieved.
Taking full advantage of any information that has come to hand for tactical, operational, or strategic purposes.
An offensive operation that usually follows a successful attack and is designed to disorganize the enemy in depth.
In photography, the angle between two rays passing through the perspective center (rear nodal point) of a camera lens to the two opposite sides of the format. Not to be confused with angle of view.
The total solid angle available to the gunner when looking through the gunsight.
In Navy and Marine Corps usage, a specified group of aircraft usually engaged in a common mission.
The basic tactical unit in the Air Force, consisting of four or 1
In certain airplanes, an elevated compartment occupied by the crew for operating the airplane in flight.
The upper deck of an aircraft carrier that serves as a runway. The deck of an air-capable ship, amphibious aviation assault ship, or aviation ship used to launch and recover aircraft.
The area on the surface of the earth within a satellites transmitter or sensor field of view.
The amount of personnel, spares, resources, and capabilities physically present and occupying space at a deployed location.
An aggregation of military personnel, weapon systems, equipment, and necessary support, or combination thereof.
A major subdivision of a fleet.
Planning associated with the creation and maintenance of military capabilities by the Military Departments, Services, and US Special Operations Command.
In the Joint Operation Planning and Execution System, the planning conducted by the supported combatant command and its components to determine required force capabilities to accomplish an assigned mission.
Permanent instructions, issued in order form, that apply to all members of a command, as compared with special orders, which affect only individuals or small groups. General orders are usually concerned with matters of policy or administration.
A series of permanent guard orders that govern the duties of a sentry on post.
That support which is given to the supported force as a whole and not to any particular subdivision thereof.
A tactical artillery mission. See also direct support; general support-reinforcing.
Two sets of parallel lines intersecting at right angles and forming squares; the grid is superimposed on maps, charts, and other similar representations of the Earths surface in an accurate and consistent manner in order to permit identification of ground locations with respect to other locations and the computation of direction and distance to other points.
A term used in giving the location of a geographic point by grid coordinates.
A flexible administrative and tactical unit composed of either two or more battalions or two or more squadrons. The term also applies to combat support and combat service support units.
A number of ships and/or aircraft, normally a subdivision of a force, assigned for a specific purpose.
A long-standing functional organization that is formed to support a broad function within a joint force commanders headquarters.
A cannon with relatively long barrel, operating with relatively low angle of fire, and having a high muzzle velocity.
A cannon with tube length
calibers or more.
A paved or stabilized area where vehicles are parked.
Open ground with a prepared surface used for the storage of materiel.
Any single cargo lift, weighing over 5 long tons, and to be handled aboard ship.
In Marine Corps usage, individual units of cargo that exceed 800 pounds in weight or 100 cubic feet in volume.
A cannon that combines certain characteristics of guns and mortars. The howitzer delivers projectiles with medium velocities, either by low or high trajectories.
Normally a cannon with a tube length of
The process of determining the friendly or hostile character of an unknown detected contact.
In arms control, the process of determining which nation is responsible for the detected violations of any arms control measure.
In ground combat operations, discrimination between recognizable objects as being friendly or enemy, or the name that belongs to the object as a member of a class.
In information operations, an assessed event of attempted entry, unauthorized entry, or an information attack on an automated information system. It includes unauthorized probing and browsing; disruption or denial of service; altered or destroyed input, processing, storage, or output of information; or changes to information system hardware, firmware, or software characteristics with or without the users knowledge, instruction, or intent.
An occurrence, caused by either human action or natural phenomena, that requires action to prevent or minimize loss of life or damage to property and/or natural resources.
The movement through or into an area or territory occupied by either friendly or enemy troops or organizations. The movement is made, either by small groups or by individuals, at extended or irregular intervals. When used in connection with the enemy, it implies that contact is avoided.
In intelligence usage, placing an agent or other person in a target area in hostile territory. Usually involves crossing a frontier or other guarded line. Methods of infiltration are: black (clandestine); grey (through legal crossing point but under false documentation); and white (legal).
In force protection, the synchronized transfer of units into an operational commander's force prior to mission execution.
The arrangement of military forces and their actions to create a force that operates by engaging as a whole.
In photography, a process by which the average radar picture seen on several scans of the 155 time base may be obtained on a print, or the process by which several photographic images are combined into a single image.
Any subject, general or specific, upon which there is a need for the collection of information, or the production of intelligence.
A requirement for intelligence to fill a gap in the commands knowledge or understanding of the operational environment or threat forces.
An action to divert, disrupt, delay, or destroy the enemys military surface capability before it can be used effectively against friendly forces, or to otherwise achieve objectives.
In support of law enforcement, activities conducted to divert, disrupt, delay, intercept, board, detain, or destroy, under lawful authority, vessels, vehicles, aircraft, people, cargo, and money.
Activities conducted by a joint or interagency organization to extract information for intelligence purposes from enemy prisoners of 171 war, dislocated civilians, enemy combatants, or other uncategorized detainees.
Activities conducted in support of law enforcement efforts to adjudicate enemy combatants who are believed to have committed crimes against US persons or property.
joint staff (Personnel)
The staff of a commander of a unified or specified command, subordinate unified command, joint task force, or subordinate functional component (when a functional component command will employ forces from more than one Military Department), that includes members from the several Services comprising the force. These members should be assigned in such a manner as to ensure that the commander understands the tactics, techniques, capabilities, needs, and limitations of the component parts of the force. Positions on the staff should be divided so that Service representation and influence generally reflect the Service composition of the force.
joint staff (Command)
(capitalized as Joint Staff) The staff under the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff as provided for in Title 10, United States Code, Section 155. The Joint Staff assists the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and, subject to the authority, direction, and control of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in carrying out their responsibilities.
landing area (Amphibious)
That part of the operational area within which are conducted the landing operations of an amphibious force. It includes the beach, the approaches to the beach, the transport areas, the fire support areas, the airspace above it, and the land included in the advance inland to the initial objective.
landing area (Parachute)
(Airborne) The general area used for landing troops and materiel either by airdrop or air landing. This area includes one or more drop zones or landing strips.
landing area (Place)
Any specially prepared or selected surface of land, water, or deck designated or used for takeoff and landing of aircraft.
landing site (Ground)
A site within a landing zone containing one or more landing points.
landing site (Coast)
In amphibious operations, a continuous segment of coastline over which troops, equipment and supplies can be landed by surface means.
lay (Aim)
Direct or adjust the aim of a weapon.
lay (Range)
Setting of a weapon for a given range, a given direction, or both.
lay (Bombing)
To drop one or more aerial bombs or aerial mines onto the surface from an aircraft.
lay (Smoke Screen)
To spread a smoke screen on the ground from an aircraft.
lay (Course)
To calculate or project a course.
lay (Mission)
To lay on: a. to execute a bomber strike; b. to set up a mission.
lead agent (Responsibility)
An individual Service, combatant command, or Joint Staff directorate assigned to develop and maintain a joint publication. (CJCSM 5120.0)
lead aircraft (Authority)
The airborne aircraft designated to exercise command of other aircraft within the flight.
lead aircraft (Point)
An aircraft in the van of two or more aircraft.
link (Edge)
A behavioral, physical, or functional relationship between nodes.
link (Communication)
In communications, a general term used to indicate the existence of communications facilities between two points.
link (Maritime Route)
A maritime route, other than a coastal or transit route, which links any two or more routes.
maintenance (Activity)
All action taken to retain materiel in a serviceable condition or to restore it to serviceability. It includes inspection, testing, servicing, classification as to serviceability, repair, rebuilding, and reclamation.
maintenance (Requirement)
All supply and repair action taken to keep a force in condition to carry out its mission.
maintenance (Routine)
The routine recurring work required to keep a facility (plant, building, structure, ground facility, utility system, or other real property) in such condition that it may be continuously used at its original or designed capacity and efficiency for its intended purpose.
maintenance status (Planned service)
A nonoperating condition, deliberately imposed, with adequate personnel to maintain and preserve installations, materiel, and facilities in such a condition that they may be readily restored to operable condition in a minimum time by the assignment of additional personnel and without extensive repair or overhaul.
maintenance status (Unserviceable)
That condition of materiel that is in fact, or is administratively classified as, unserviceable, pending completion of required servicing or repairs.
maintenance status (Equipment)
A condition of materiel readiness that reports the level of operational readiness for a piece of equipment.
major operation (Objective)
A series of tactical actions (battles, engagements, strikes) conducted by combat forces of a single or several Services, coordinated in time and place, to achieve strategic or operational objectives in an operational area.
major operation (Size)
For noncombat operations, a reference to the relative size and scope of a military operation.
maneuver (Positioning)
A movement to place ships, aircraft, or land forces in a position of advantage over the enemy.
maneuver (Exercise)
A tactical exercise carried out at sea, in the air, on the ground, or on a map in imitation of war.
maneuver (Navy)
The operation of a ship, aircraft, or vehicle, to cause it to perform desired movements.
maneuver (Warfare)
Employment of forces in the operational area through movement in combination with fires to achieve a position of advantage in respect to the enemy.
marshalling (Process)
The process by which units participating in an amphibious or airborne operation group together or assemble when feasible or move to temporary camps in the vicinity of embarkation points, complete preparations for combat, or prepare for loading.
marshalling (Vehicules)
The process of assembling, holding, and organizing supplies and/or equipment, especially vehicles of transportation, for onward movement.
massed fire (Batteries)
The fire of the batteries of two or more ships directed against a single target.
massed fire (Multiple Weapon)
Fire from a number of weapons directed at a single point or small area.
military training (Instruction)
The instruction of personnel to enhance their capacity to perform specific military functions and tasks.
military training (Exercise)
The exercise of one or more military units conducted to enhance their combat readiness.
mine (Land)
In land mine warfare, an explosive or other material, normally encased, designed to destroy or damage ground vehicles, boats, or aircraft, or designed to wound, kill, or otherwise incapacitate personnel and designed to be detonated by the action of its victim, by the passage of time, or by controlled means.
mine (Navy)
In naval mine warfare, an explosive device laid in the water with the intention of damaging or sinking ships or of deterring shipping from entering an area.
minefield (Land)
In land warfare, an area of ground containing mines emplaced with or without a pattern.
minefield (Naval)
In naval warfare, an area of water containing mines emplaced with or without a pattern.
minimum range (Clearance)
Least range setting of a gun at which the projectile will clear an obstacle or friendly troops between the gun and the target.
minimum range (Distance)
Shortest distance to which a gun can fire from a given position.
minimum range (Arming)
The range at which a projectile or fuse will be armed.
mission type order (Delegation)
An order issued to a lower unit that includes the accomplishment of the total mission assigned to the higher headquarters.
mission type order (Objective)
An order to a unit to perform a mission without specifying how it is to be accomplished.
napalm (Weapon)
Powdered aluminum soap or similar compound used to gelatinize oil or gasoline for use in napalm bombs or flame throwers.
napalm (Substance)
The resultant gelatinized substance.
National Defense Reserve Fleet (Assets)
Including the Maritime Administration Ready Reserve Force, a fleet composed of ships acquired and maintained by the Maritime Administration for use in mobilization or emergency.
National Defense Reserve Fleet (Readyness)
Less the Maritime Administration Ready Reserve Force, a fleet composed of the older dry cargo ships, tankers, troop transports, and other assets in Maritime Administrations custody that are maintained at a relatively low level of readiness.
naval operation (Action)
A naval action (or the performance of a naval mission) that may be strategic, operational, tactical, logistic, or training.
naval operation (Process)
The process of carrying on or training for naval combat in order to gain the objectives of any battle or campaign.
neutralize (Disable)
As pertains to military operations, to render ineffective or unusable.
neutralize (Personnel)
To render enemy personnel or materiel incapable of interfering with a particular operation.
neutralize (Disarm)
To render safe mines, bombs, missiles, and booby traps.
neutralize (Chemical Warfare)
To make harmless anything contaminated with a chemical agent.
noncombatant evacuees (Citizens)
US citizens who may be ordered to evacuate by competent authority include: a. civilian employees of all agencies of the US Government and their dependents, except as noted in 2a below; b. military personnel of the Armed Forces of the United States specifically designated for evacuation as noncombatants; and c. dependents of members of the Armed Forces of the United States.
noncombatant evacuees (Cvilians)
US (and non-US) citizens who may be authorized or assisted (but not necessarily ordered to evacuate) by competent authority include: a. civilian employees of US Government agencies and their dependents, who are residents in the country concerned on their own volition, but express the willingness to be evacuated; b. private US citizens and their dependents; c. military personnel and dependents of members of the Armed Forces of the United States outlined in 1c above, short of an ordered evacuation; and d. designated personnel, including dependents of persons listed in 1a through 1c above, as prescribed by the Department of State.
objective (Goal)
The clearly defined, decisive, and attainable goal toward which every operation is directed.
objective (Target)
The specific target of the action taken which is essential to the commanders plan.
on-call (Asset)
A term used to signify that a prearranged concentration, air strike, or final protective fire may be called for.
on-call (Availability)
Preplanned, identified force or materiel requirements without designated time-phase and destination information.
on-scene commander (Military)
An individual in the immediate vicinity of an isolating event who temporarily assumes command of the incident.
on-scene commander (Civilian)
The federal officer designated to direct federal crisis and consequence management efforts at the scene of a terrorist or weapons of mass destruction incident.
operation plan (Operations)
Any plan for the conduct of military operations prepared in response to actual and potential contingencies.
operation plan (Joint Plan)
A complete and detailed joint plan containing a full description of the concept of operations, all annexes applicable to the plan, and a time-phased force and deployment data.
operationally ready (Unit)
A unit, ship, or weapon system capable of performing the missions or functions for which organized or designed.
operationally ready (Personnel)
Personnel available and qualified to perform assigned missions or functions.
oversized cargo (Equipment)
Large items of specific equipment such as a barge, side loadable warping tug, causeway section, powered, or causeway section, nonpowered. Requires transport by sea.
oversized cargo (Pallet)
Air cargo exceeding the usable dimension of a 463L pallet loaded to the design height of 96 inches, but equal to or less than 1,000 inches in length, 117 inches in width, and 105 inches in height. This cargo is air transportable on the C-5, C-17, C- 130, KC-10 and most civilian contract cargo carriers.
passive mine (Disarmed)
A mine whose anticountermining device has been operated preventing the firing mechanism from being actuated.
passive mine (Non-active)
A mine which does not emit a signal to detect the presence of a target.
pathfinders (Lad Aircraft)
Experienced aircraft crews who lead a formation to the drop zone, release point, or target.
pathfinders (Ground crew)
Teams dropped or air landed at an objective to establish and operate navigational aids for the purpose of guiding aircraft to drop and landing zones.
pathfinders (Radar)
A radar device used for navigating or homing to an objective when visibility precludes accurate visual navigation.
pathfinders (Scout)
Teams air delivered into enemy territory for the purpose of determining the best approach and withdrawal lanes, landing zones, and sites for helicopterborne forces.
plan identification number (Identifier)
A command-unique four-digit number followed by a suffix indicating the Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan year for which the plan is written.
plan identification number (Option)
A five-digit number representing the command-unique four-digit identifier, followed by a one-character, alphabetic suffix indicating the operation plan option, or a one-digit number numeric value indicating the Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan year for which the plan is written.
pool (Supply)
Maintenance and control of a supply of resources or personnel upon which other activities may draw. The primary purpose of a pool is to promote maximum efficiency of use of the pooled resources or personnel, e.g., a petroleum pool or a labor and equipment pool.
pool (Common Purpose)
Any combination of resources which serves a common purpose.
pressure mine (Land)
In land mine warfare, a mine whose fuse responds to the direct pressure of a target.
pressure mine (Naval)
In naval mine warfare, a mine whose circuit responds to the hydrodynamic pressure field of a target.
property (Ownership)
Anything that may be owned.
property (Tangible)
As used in the military establishment, this term is usually confined to tangible property, including real estate and materiel. For special purposes and as used in certain statutes, this term may exclude such items as the public domain, certain lands, certain categories of naval vessels, and records of the Federal Government.
protective minefield (Land)
In land mine warfare, a minefield employed to assist a unit in its local, close-in protection.
protective minefield (Water)
In naval mine warfare, a minefield emplaced in friendly territorial waters to protect ports, harbors, anchorages, coasts, and coastal routes.
public diplomacy (Government)
Those overt international public information activities of the United States Government designed to promote United States foreign policy objectives by seeking to understand, inform, and influence foreign audiences and opinion makers, and by broadening the dialogue between American citizens and institutions and their counterparts abroad.
public diplomacy (Civilian)
In peace building, civilian agency efforts to promote an understanding of the reconstruction efforts, rule of law, and civic responsibility through public affairs and international public diplomacy operations. Its objective is to promote and sustain consent for peace building both within the host nation and externally in the region and in the larger international community.
ratification (National)
The declaration by which a nation formally accepts, with our without reservation, the content of a standardization agreement.
ratification (Approval)
The process of approving an unauthorized commitment by an official who has the authority to do so.
rearming (Vehicule)
An operation that replenishes the prescribed stores of ammunition, bombs, and other armament items for an aircraft, naval ship, tank, or armored vehicle (including replacement of defective ordnance equipment) in order to make it ready for combat service.
rearming (Fuze)
Resetting the fuze on a bomb or on an artillery, mortar, or rocket projectile so that it will detonate at the desired time.
reception (Tactical)
All ground arrangements connected with the delivery and disposition of air or sea drops. Includes selection and preparation of site, signals for warning and approach, facilitation of secure departure of agents, speedy collection of delivered articles, and their prompt removal to storage places having maximum security. When a group is involved, it may be called a reception committee.
reception (Personel)
Arrangements to welcome and provide secure quarters or transportation for defectors, escapees, evaders, or incoming agents.
reception (Unloading)
The process of receiving, offloading, marshalling, and transporting of personnel, equipment, and materiel from the strategic and/or intratheater deployment phase to a sea, air, or surface transportation point of debarkation to the marshalling area.
recognition (Identity)
The determination by any means of the individuality of persons, or of objects such as aircraft, ships, or tanks, or of phenomena such as communicationselectronics patterns.
recognition (Ground)
In ground combat operations, the determination that an object is similar within a category of something already known.
recovery and reconstitution (National)
Those actions taken by one nation prior to, during, and following an attack by an enemy nation to minimize the effects of the attack, rehabilitate the national economy, provide for the welfare of the populace, and maximize the combat potential of remaining forces and supporting activities.
recovery and reconstitution (Unit)
Those 264 actions taken by a military force during or after operational employment to restore its combat capability to full operational readiness.
reduced charge (Naval)
The smaller of the two propelling charges available for naval guns.
reduced charge (Artilery)
Charge employing a reduced amount of propellant to fire a gun at short ranges as compared to a normal charge.
reorder point (Supply)
That point at which time a stock replenishment requisition would be submitted to maintain the predetermined or calculated stockage objective.
reorder point (Safety levels)
The sum of the safety level of supply plus the level for order and shipping time equals the reorder point.
request for information (Requirement)
Any specific time-sensitive ad hoc requirement for intelligence information or products to support an ongoing crisis or operation not necessarily related to standing requirements or scheduled intelligence production. A request for information can be initiated to respond to operational requirements and will be validated in accordance with the combatant commands procedures.
request for information (Intelligence)
The National Security Agency/Central Security Service uses this term to state ad hoc signals intelligence requirements.
reserve (Tasking)
Portion of a body of troops that is kept to the rear, or withheld from action at the beginning of an engagement, in order to be available for a decisive movement.
reserve (Service Status)
Members of the Military Services who are not in active service but who are subject to call to active duty.
reserve (Appropriation)
Portion of an appropriation or contract authorization held or set aside for future operations or contingencies and, in respect to which, administrative authorization to incur commitments or obligations has been withheld.
responsibility (Execution)
The obligation to carry forward an assigned task to a successful conclusion. With responsibility goes authority to direct and take the necessary action to ensure success.
responsibility (Custody)
The obligation for the proper custody, care, and safekeeping of property or funds entrusted to the possession or supervision of an individual.
restricted area (Geographic)
An area (land, sea, or air) in which there are special restrictive measures employed to prevent or minimize interference between friendly forces.
restricted area (Entry)
An area under military jurisdiction in which special security measures are employed to prevent unauthorized entry.
salvage (State)
Property that has some value in excess of its basic material content but is in such condition that it has no reasonable prospect of use for any purpose as a unit and its repair or rehabilitation for use as a unit is clearly impractical.
salvage (Action)
The saving or rescuing of condemned, discarded, or abandoned property, and of materials contained therein for reuse, refabrication, or scrapping.
salvage operation (Material)
The recovery, evacuation, and reclamation of damaged, discarded, condemned, or abandoned allied or enemy materiel, ships, craft, and floating equipment for reuse, repair, refabrication, or scrapping.
salvage operation (Naval)
Naval salvage operations include harbor and channel clearance, diving, hazardous towing and rescue tug services, and the recovery of materiel, ships, craft, and floating equipment sunk offshore or elsewhere stranded.
salvo (Navy)
In naval gunfire support, a method of fire in which a number of weapons are fired at the same target simultaneously.
salvo (Air)
In close air support or air interdiction operations, a method of delivery in which the release mechanisms are operated to release or fire all ordnance of a specific type simultaneously. 275
section (Navy)
As applied to ships or naval aircraft, a tactical subdivision of a division. It is normally one-half of a division in the case of ships, and two aircraft in the case of aircraft.
section (Organization)
A subdivision of an office, installation, territory, works, or organization; especially a major subdivision of a staff.
section (Infantry)
A tactical unit of the Army and Marine Corps. A section is smaller than a platoon and larger than a squad. In some organizations the section, rather than the squad, is the basic tactical unit.
section (Warehouse)
An area in a warehouse extending from one wall to the next; usually the largest subdivision of one floor.
serial (Number)
An element or a group of elements within a series which is given a numerical or alphabetical designation for convenience in planning, scheduling, and control.
serial (Asset)
A serial can be a group of people, vehicles, equipment, or supplies and is used in airborne, air assault, amphibious operations, and convoys.
shielding (Transportation)
Material of suitable thickness and physical characteristics used to protect personnel from radiation during the manufacture, handling, and transportation of 284 fissionable and radioactive materials.
shielding (Nuclear Blast)
Obstructions which tend to protect personnel or materials from the effects of a nuclear explosion.
signals intelligence (Category)
A category of intelligence comprising either individually or in combination all communications intelligence, electronic intelligence, and foreign instrumentation signals intelligence, however transmitted.
signals intelligence (Electromagnetic)
Intelligence derived from communications, electronic, and foreign instrumentation signals.
source (Information)
A person, thing, or activity from which information is obtained.
source (Spy)
In clandestine activities, a person (agent), normally a foreign national, in the employ of an intelligence activity for intelligence purposes.
source (Interrogation)
In interrogation activities, any person who furnishes information, either with or without the knowledge that the information is being used for intelligence purposes.
space capability (Ability)
The ability of a space asset to accomplish a mission.
space capability (Battle Space)
The ability of a terrestrial-based asset to accomplish a mission in space (e.g., a ground-based or airborne laser capable of negating a satellite).
spot (Locate)
To determine by observation, deviations of ordnance from the target for the purpose of supplying necessary information for the adjustment of fire.
spot (Storage)
To place in a proper location.
spot (Ship landing)
An approved shipboard helicopter landing site.
squadron (Navy)
An organization consisting of two or more divisions of ships, or two or more divisions (Navy) or flights of aircraft. It is normally but not necessarily composed of ships or aircraft of the same type.
squadron (Aviation)
The basic administrative aviation unit of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force.
squadron (Army)
Battalion-sized ground or aviation units in US Army cavalry regiments.
staging base (Naval)
An advanced naval base for the anchoring, fueling, and refitting of transports and cargo ships as well as replenishment of mobile service squadrons.
staging base (Military)
A landing and takeoff area with minimum servicing, supply, and shelter provided for the temporary occupancy of military aircraft during the course of movement from one location to another.
stockpile to target sequence (Nuclear)
The order of events involved in removing a nuclear weapon from storage and assembling, testing, transporting, and delivering it on the target.
stockpile to target sequence (Logistics)
A document that defines the logistic and employment concepts and related physical environments involved in the delivery of a nuclear weapon from the stockpile to the target. It may also define the logistic flow involved in moving nuclear weapons to and from the stockpile for quality assurance testing, modification and retrofit, and the recycling of limited life components.
strapping (Reinforcement)
An operation by which supply containers, such as cartons or boxes, are reinforced by bands, metal straps, or wire, placed at specified intervals around them, drawn taut, and then sealed or clamped by a machine.
strapping (Measurement)
Measurement of storage tanks 298 and calculation of volume to provide tables for conversion of depth of product in linear units of measurement to volume of contents.
support (Tactical)
The action of a force that aids, protects, complements, or sustains another force in accordance with a directive requiring such action.
support (Unit)
A unit that helps another unit in battle.
support (Action)
An element of a command that assists, protects, or supplies other forces in combat.
supported commander (Task)
The commander having primary responsibility for all aspects of a task assigned by the Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan or other joint operation planning authority.
supported commander (Planning)
In the context of joint operation planning, the commander who prepares operation plans or operation orders in response to requirements of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
supported commander (Assistance)
In the context of a support command relationship, the commander who receives assistance from another commanders force or capabilities, and who is responsible for ensuring that the supporting commander understands the assistance required.
supporting commander (Planning)
A commander who provides augmentation forces or other support to a supported commander or who develops a supporting plan.
supporting commander (Assistance)
In the context of a support command relationship, the commander who aids, protects, complements, or sustains another commanders force, and who is responsible for providing the assistance required by the supported commander.
suspect (Counterdrug)
In counterdrug operations, a track of interest where correlating information actually ties the track of interest to alleged illegal drug operations.
suspect (Hostility)
An identity applied to a track that is potentially hostile because of its characteristics, behavior, origin, or nationality. See also assumed friend; neutral; unknown.
synchronization (Operations)
The arrangement of military actions in time, space, and purpose to produce maximum relative combat power at a decisive place and time.
synchronization (Intelligence)
In the intelligence context, application of intelligence sources and methods in concert with the operation plan to ensure intelligence requirements are answered in time to influence the decisions they support.
target (Objective)
An entity or object considered for possible engagement or other action.
target (Entity)
In intelligence usage, a country, area, installation, agency, or person against which intelligence operations are directed.
target (Area)
An area designated and numbered for future firing.
target (Burst)
In gunfire support usage, an impact burst that hits the target.
target of opportunity (Target Planning)
A target identified too late, or not selected for action in time, to be included in deliberate targeting that, when detected or located, meets criteria specific to achieving objectives and is processed using dynamic targeting. There are two types of targets of opportunity: unplanned and unanticipated.
target of opportunity (Weapons)
A target visible to a surface or air sensor or observer, which is within range of available weapons and against which fire has not been scheduled or requested.
target signature (Pattern)
The characteristic pattern of a target displayed by detection and identification equipment.
target signature (Ship)
In naval mine warfare, the variation in the influence field produced by the passage of a ship or sweep.
target system (Area)
All the targets situated in a particular geographic area and functionally related.
target system (Cluster)
A group of targets that are so related that their destruction will produce some particular effect desired by the attacker.
task organization (Assets)
In the Navy, an organization which assigns to responsible commanders the means with which to accomplish their assigned tasks in any planned action.
task organization (Directive)
An organization table pertaining to a specific naval directive. 313
terminal control (Coordination)
The authority to direct aircraft to maneuver into a position to deliver ordnance, passengers, or cargo to a specific location or target. Terminal control is a type of air control.
terminal control (Targeting)
Any electronic, mechanical, or visual control given to aircraft to facilitate target acquisition and resolution.
terminal guidance (Missile)
The guidance applied to a guided missile between midcourse guidance and arrival in the vicinity of the target.
terminal guidance (Airport)
Electronic, mechanical, visual, or other assistance given an aircraft pilot to facilitate arrival at, operation within or over, landing upon, or departure from an air landing or airdrop facility.
terms of reference (Authority)
A mutual agreement under which a command, element, or unit exercises authority or undertakes specific missions or tasks relative to another command, element, or unit.
terms of reference (Directive)
The directive providing the legitimacy and authority to undertake a mission, task, or endeavor.
thermal radiation (Nuclear)
The heat and light produced by a nuclear explosion.
thermal radiation (Heat)
Electromagnetic radiations emitted from a heat or light source as a consequence of its temperature.
track (Plot)
A series of related contacts displayed on a data display console or other display device.
track (Course recording)
To display or record the successive positions of a moving object.
track (Radar)
To lock onto a point of radiation and obtain guidance therefrom.
track (Targeting)
To keep a gun properly aimed, or to point continuously a target-locating instrument at a moving target.
track (Ship Path)
The actual path of an aircraft above or a ship on the surface of the Earth.
track (Vehicule)
One of the two endless belts on which a full-track or half-track vehicle runs.
track (Mechanical)
A metal part forming a path for a moving object such as the track around the inside of a vehicle for moving a mounted machine gun.
transient (Unassigned)
Personnel, ships, or craft stopping temporarily at a post, station, or port to which they are not assigned or attached, and having destination elsewhere.
transient (Ship)
An independent merchant ship calling at a port and sailing within
unit (Subdivision)
Any military element whose structure is prescribed by competent authority, such as a table of organization and equipment; specifically, part of an organization.
unit (Task Force)
An organization title of a subdivision of a group in a task force.
unit (Quantity)
A standard or basic quantity into which an item of supply is divided, issued, or used. In this meaning, also called unit of issue.
unit (Reserve)
With regard to Reserve Components of the Armed Forces, denotes a Selected Reserve unit organized, equipped, and trained for mobilization to serve on active duty as a unit or to augment or be augmented by another unit. Headquarters and support functions without wartime missions are not considered units.
unknown (No Information)
A code meaning information not available.
unknown (Vehicule)
An unidentified target. An aircraft or ship that has not been determined to be hostile, friendly, or neutral using identification friend or foe and other techniques, but that must be tracked by air defense or naval engagement systems.
unknown (Track)
An identity applied to an evaluated track that has not been identified.
warning (Defense Action)
A communication and acknowledgment of dangers implicit in a wide spectrum of activities by potential opponents ranging from routine defense measures to substantial increases in readiness and force preparedness and to acts of terrorism or political, economic, or military provocation.
warning (Potential Injury)
Operating procedures, practices, or conditions that may result in injury or death if not carefully observed or followed.
warning order (Notice)
A preliminary notice of an order or action that is to follow.
warning order (Planning Request)
A planning directive that initiates the development and evaluation of military courses of action by a supported commander and requests that the supported commander submit a commanders estimate.
warning order (Planning Directive)
A planning directive that describes the situation, allocates forces and resources, establishes command relationships, provides other initial planning guidance, and initiates subordinate unit mission planning.
wing (Air Force)
An Air Force unit composed normally of one primary mission group and the necessary supporting organizations, i.e., organizations designed to render supply, maintenance, hospitalization, and other services required by the primary mission groups. Primary mission groups may be functional, such as combat, training, transport, or service.
wing (Fleet Air)
A fleet air wing is the basic organizational and administrative unit for naval-, land-, and tender-based aviation. Such wings are mobile units to which are assigned aircraft squadrons and tenders for administrative organization control.
wing (Marine Corps)
A balanced Marine Corps task organization of aircraft groups and squadrons, together with appropriate command, air control, administrative, service, and maintenance units. A standard Marine Corps aircraft wing contains the aviation elements normally required for the air support of a Marine division.
wing (Flank Unit)
A flank unit; that part of a military force to the right or left of the main body.