The RAInS Ontology

IRI:
https://w3id.org/rains
Current version :
2.1
Authors :
https://www.abdn.ac.uk/ncs/profiles/iman.naja
https://www.abdn.ac.uk/ncs/profiles/milan.markovic/
https://www.abdn.ac.uk/ncs/profiles/p.edwards
Other visualisation :
Ontology source - WebVowl
Copyright 2020 University of Aberdeen

Abstract

-Version 2.2: Some more minor edits to Guideline, Guideance, and Log classes and their subclasses . Plus minor edits to rdf:comments describing some Entities and Properties so that the description is clearer to the reader. -Version 2.1: minor edits and additions of relationships: corrected the range of version and added the dropped properties hasInputFormat and hasOutputFormat. Plus minor edits and additions to the ontology metadata to reflect LOV requirements. -Version 2.0: added classes and relationships to model the Implementation stage of an AI system -Version 1.1: creation, models the Design stage of an AI system

Table of Content

  1. Classes
  2. Object Properties
  3. Data Properties
  4. Annotation Properties
  5. General Axioms
  6. Namespace Declarations

Classes

Accountable Agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/sao#AccountableAgent

An agent (typically a human) that can be held accountable for his/her actions.
has super-classes
agentc
information elementc

agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ep-plan#Agent

has super-classes
agentc
has sub-classes
Accountable Agentc, softwarec

AI Systemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#AI_System

The AI System for which the accountability plan is specified.
has super-classes
systemc

algorithmc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#Algorithm

Imported Definition: The algorithm regardless software implementation.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

Approval Decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ApprovalDecision

A specific type of a planned human decision representing approvals and sign offs.
has super-classes
Human Decisionc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Decidec
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Assurance Decisionc, Fitness Confirmation Decisionc

Auto Constraintc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#AutoConstraint

A specific type of planned Constraint that describes a constraint which can be evaluated automatically against corresponding accountability trace. Such constraint would normally link to its implementation (e.g., a SHACL rule) using the https://w3id.org/ep-plan#hasConstraintImplementation property.
has super-classes
constraintc
is disjoint with
Human Constraintc

Biasc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Bias

A type of :Risk which records a specific piece of information detailing a potential inclination or prejudice related to some aspects of :AI_Sytem (e.g., a training dataset containing more data about males when both genders will be considered by the ML model) If a mitigation strategy is used to abate the bias, then these can be indicated using the property :hasMitigationStrategy. It is advisable that information about the bias before and after mitigation is included.
has super-classes
Riskc

Certificatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Certificate

A sao:InformnationElement which records information describing a certificate (e.g. an ISO certificate) that is granted during the implementation (or deployment or use and maintenance) life cycle stages.
has super-classes
information elementc

Certification Decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#CertificationDecision

A specific type of a planned human compliance assurance decision representing certification granting. This is usually done by third parties, but may also be done inhouse to prove that the AI System abides by internal policies.
has super-classes
Compliance Assurance Decisionc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Decidec
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Changec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Change

A sao:InformnationElement which records information describing the deviation from the Design Specification or a Guideline.
has super-classes
information elementc

Change Justificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ChangeJustification

A sao:InformnationElement which records information describing the justification behind a deviation from the Design Specification. For example, the reason behind realizing a dataset other than the one indicated by the Dataset Design Specification was used, or why an evaluation measure was recorded which differed from the one indicated to be expected in an Evaluation Specification.
has super-classes
information elementc

Change Logc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ChangeLog

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult that describes any change from a design specification or guideline. It is expected to be the result of any accountable action that has an input a design specification or a guideline. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Change Log contains the following information elements: 1. Change 2. ChangeJustification.
has super-classes
Logc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Evaluatec or Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Dataset Componentc, Design Specificationc, Evaluationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Model Componentc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc

Compliance Assurance Decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ComplianceAssuranceDecision

A specific type of a planned human decision representing confirmation of compliance of some sao:AccountableResult (e.g., a model specification) with its compliance requirements.
has super-classes
Human Decisionc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Decidec
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Certification Decisionc
is disjoint with
Approval Decisionc, Fitness Confirmation Decisionc

Compliance Entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ComplianceEntity

A specific type of sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information about a compliance requirement that is to be complied with as part of an information realization collection.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Hard Lawc, Soft Lawc

Compliance Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ComplianceSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the description of a compliance requirement. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to SystemPurposeSpecification contains the following information elements 1. HardLaw 2. SoftLaw
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Dataset Specificationc, Evaluation Specificationc, Model Specificationc, Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc

Data Collection Procedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DataCollectionProcedure

A specific type of sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing how the data is collected. This includes the information about mechanism used for collecting data (e.g. hardware sensors, software program, or manually), the timeframe over which the data was collected, any consent reporting, etc. There is a separate concept that represents the data collection software see rainsDataCollectionSoftware.
has super-classes
information elementc

Data Collection Softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DataCollectionSoftware

A sao:InformationElement (which is also an osw:Software and a prov:SoftwareAgent) which records information detailing a software that was used to collect data that formed the dataset which was used to train the ML Model
has super-classes
softwarec

Data Itemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DataItem

A sao:InformnationElement which records information describing a piece of data, e.g. user's picture or user's passcode as part of the Configuration Data or Runtime Input Data of a facial recognition AI System.
has super-classes
information elementc

Data Preprocessing Procedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DataPreprocessingProcedure

A specific type of sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing how the data is preprocessed. This includes information on what is done to the data (e.g., cleaning, sampling, filtering, feature engineering, etc) and how it is done (e.g., manually, programmatically, or using feature engineering software). There is a separate concept that represents the data preprocessing software.
has super-classes
information elementc

Data Preprocessing Softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DataPreprocessingSoftware

A sao:InformationElement (which is also an osw:Software and a prov:SoftwareAgent) which records information detailing a software that was used to preprocess the dataset using to train the ML Model
has super-classes
softwarec

Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#Dataset

A set composed of data item(s).
has super-classes
Realizable Objectc
Excluded Objectc or Realized Objectc
is disjoint with
Modelc, Supporting Infrastructurec

dataset characteristicc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#DatasetCharacteristic

This concept is imported from ML-Schema to describe the characteristics of the dataset. In RAInS, this includes how many instances make up the dataset, what do the instances represent, what are the types of instances, whether the instances have associated labels or targets, whether the relationships between instances are explicit, as well as the errors, noises, redundancies in the dataset and whether is there any information missing from instances. When used to describe a Training Dataset, Validation Dataset, or Evaluation Dataset produced by splitting the Dataset Component, it is advisable to describe how the dataset was split, including the ratios of train-validate-test and the class representation percentage in each.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

Dataset Componentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DatasetComponent

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents the description of an realized dataset, including its characteristics, how it was collected, its risks, etc. The dataset component represents a collection of collected and pre-processed data. Once it is split, the subclasses TestingDataset, ValidationDataset, and EvaluationDataset can be used. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the DatasetComponent variable contains the following information elements: 1. Dataset, the realized dataset should be an instance of RealizedObject. If the implementation deviates from the design, then an additional dataset should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 2. DatasetCharacteristic 3. DataCollectionProcedure 4. DataPreprocesingProcedure 5. IntendedUseCase 6. Limitation 7. Risk 8. Bias 9. Tradeoff 10. IncorrectUseCase 11. IntendedUserGroup 12. HardLaw 13. SoftLaw It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the DtasetComponent variable contains the following information elements: 1. SystemAuditMechanism 2. SystemExplanationMechanims 3. SystemHumanOversightMechanism 4. SystemSecurityMechanism 5. SystemIntegrationGuidance 6. SystemDeploymentGuidance 7. SystemDocumentationGuidance 8. SystemIntegrationGuidance 9. SystemUsageGuidance 10. Model 11. ModelCharacteristic 12. Algorithm
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Evaluation Datasetc, Training Datasetc, Validation Datasetc
is disjoint with
Change Logc, Design Specificationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc

Dataset Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DatasetSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the description of planned requirements, characteristics, risks, etc. related to a dataset (e.g., a training dataset for ML model) expected to be used as part of the AI system life cycle. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to DatasetSpecification contains the following information elements 1. Dataset 2. DatasetCharacteristic 3. DataCollectionProcedure 4. DataPreprocesingProcedure 5. IntendedUseCase 6. Limitation 7. Risk 8. Bias 9. Tradeoff 10. IntendedUserGroup 11. IncorrectUseCase 12. HardLaw 13. SoftLaw It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the Dataset Specification contains the following information elements: 1. SystemAuditMechanism 2. SystemExplanationMechanims 3. SystemHumanOversightMechanism 4. SystemSecurityMechanism 5. SystemIntegrationGuidance 6. SystemDeploymentGuidance 7. SystemDocumentationGuidance 8. SystemIntegrationGuidance 9. SystemUsageGuidance 10. Model 11. ModelCharacteristic 12. Algorithm
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Specificationc, Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc

Decidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Decide

A planned step describing a decision to be taken by a human when incorporating accountability in AI Systems, e.g. approve the design of an ML Model.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Approval Decisionc or Certification Decisionc or Compliance Assurance Decisionc or Fitness Confirmation Decisionc or Human Decisionc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Grant Certificationc
is disjoint with
Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc

Design Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DesignSpecification

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a high level reference to a specification (e.g. a specification report) that is expected to be produced during the design stage in order to inform the future AI system lifecycle stages (e.g. implementation).
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Compliance Specificationc, Dataset Specificationc, Evaluation Specificationc, Model Specificationc, Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc
is disjoint with
Change Logc, Dataset Componentc, Evaluationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Model Componentc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc

Design Stage Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DesignStageAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to the design stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Produce Specification and Decide.
has super-classes
accountability planc
includes stepop only Decidec or Grant Certificationc or Produce Specificationc
includes variableop only Approval Decisionc or Certification Decisionc or Compliance Assurance Decisionc or Compliance Specificationc or Dataset Specificationc or Design Specificationc or Evaluation Specificationc or Fitness Confirmation Decisionc or Human Decisionc or Model Specificationc or Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc or System Purpose Specificationc
is disjoint with
Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Evaluatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Evaluate

A planned step describing an evaluation, i.e, testing and producing evaluation metrics, that has some impact on the AI System, e.g. the evaluation of the ML model using a specified Dataset or the :AI_System undergoing a third party evaluation.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc or Evaluationc or Third Party Evaluationc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Generate Guidelinec, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc

Evaluationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Evaluation

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a high level reference to testing at least one component and recording the results of the test(s) (e.g. testing the model with a specified dataset) that is expected to be produced during the implementation stage. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Evaluation variable contains the following information elements: 1. Either an instance of mls:EvaluationProcedure (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationProcedure (if it is not the ML model being evaluated). Either should also be an instance of RealizedObject. If the evaluation deviates from the design, then an additional instance of mls:EvaluationProcedure or EvaluationProcedure should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 2. Either an instance of mls:EvaluationMeasure (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationMeasure(if it is not the ML model being evaluated). If the evaluation deviates from the design, then an additional instance of mls:EvaluationMeasure or EvaluationMeasure should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 3. Either an instance of mls:ModelEvaluation (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationResult (if it is not the ML model being evaluated). If the evaluation deviates from the design, then an additional instance of mls:ModelEvaluation or EvaluationResult should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 4. HardLaw 5. SoftLaw It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the Evaluation variable contains the following information elements: 1. SystemIntegrationGuidance 2. SystemDeploymentGuidance 3. SystemDocumentationGuidance 4. SystemIntegrationGuidance 5. SystemUsageGuidance
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Evaluatec
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Third Party Evaluationc
is disjoint with
Change Logc, Design Specificationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc

Evaluation Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#EvaluationDataset

A specific type of a Dataset Component which represents a subset of the whole collected and pre-processed datasets after they were merged then split to be fed into the ML Model. This specific type represents the data used to evaluate the ML Model. The other subsets are used to train and evaluate the model. This type can also represent a standalone dataset used to evaluate the model independent of the datasets used to train and validate it.
has super-classes
Dataset Componentc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Evaluation Measurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#EvaluationMeasure

A specific rains:EvaluationMeasure which records a specific piece of information detailing some measure used as part of an evaluation process of the Model Component. Imported defintion from ML-Schema: EvaluationMeasure is a measure to assess the performance of the model generated by the process that realizes the task. Examples are predictive accuracy or f-measure.
has super-classes
Evaluation Measurec

Evaluation Measurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#EvaluationMeassure

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing some measure used as part of an evaluation process. This is broader than mls:EvaluationMeassure which describes a measure related to a model performance.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Evaluation Measurec
is in domain of
hasEvaluationResultop
is in range of
isEvaluationResultOfop

Evaluation Procedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#EvaluationProcedure

A specific type of rains:EvaluationProcedure which records a specific piece of information detailing the procedure by which a Model Component was evaluated. Imported Definition from ML-Schema: EvaluationProcedure is a technique to evaluate machine learning models. Examples are cross-validation and leave-one-out.
has super-classes
Evaluation Procedurec

Evaluation Procedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#EvaluationProcedure

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing the procedure by which some aspects of an :AI_Sytem were evaluated. This is broader than mls:EvaluationProcedure which relates to model evaluation.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Evaluation Procedurec

Evaluation Resultc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#EvaluationResult

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing the result of an evaluation process. This is broader than mls:EvaluationMeassure which describes a result related to a specific model evaluation.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Model Evaluationc
is in domain of
computedOnDecisionThresholddp, computedOnSlicedp, hasResultLowerBounddp, hasResultUpperBounddp, hasResultValuedp, isEvaluationResultOfop
is in range of
hasEvaluationResultop

Evaluation Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#EvaluationSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the description of a planned evaluation process. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to EvaluationSpecification contains the following information elements: 1. Either an instance of mls:EvaluationProcedure (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationProcedure (if it is not the ML model being evaluated). 2. Either an instance of mls: EvaluationMeasure (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationMeasure (if it is not the ML model being evaluated). 3. If available: Either an instance of mls:ModelEvaluation (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationResult (if it is not the ML model being evaluated). 4. HardLaw 5. SoftLaw It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the Evaluation Specification contains the following information elements: 1. SystemIntegrationGuidance 2. SystemDeploymentGuidance 3. SystemDocumentationGuidance 4. SystemIntegrationGuidance 5. SystemUsageGuidance
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc

Excluded Objectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ExcludedObject

A sao:InformationElement which records information detailing a piece of data, software or hardware that should have been realized but was not. For example, assume the dataset design specification specifies that dataset foorbar is to be realised (to be used to train the model), but the implementation team realises dataset xyzzy instead. In this case, the dataset foobar should be indicated by the implementation team as an Excluded Object - whereas the dataset xyzzy should be created as an instance of :RealizedObject.
has super-classes
information elementc
is disjoint with
Realized Objectc

Fairness Or Bias Detection Softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#FairnessOrBiasDetectionSoftware

A sao:InformationElement (which is also an osw:Software and a prov:SoftwareAgent) which records information detailing a software that was used to detect bias or check for fairness in both the dataset which was used to train the ML Model as well as the ML model itself
has super-classes
softwarec

Fitness Confirmation Decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#FitnessConfirmationDecision

A specific type of planned human decision representing confirmation of fitness of some sao:AccountableResult t to its purpose.
has super-classes
Human Decisionc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Decidec
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approval Decisionc, Compliance Assurance Decisionc

Fundingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Funding

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing a funding source.
has super-classes
information elementc

Generate Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#GenerateGuideline

A planned step describing the creation of a guideline that has some impact on the AI System, e.g. the production of the deployment guideline describing how the AI System is to be deployed on-site or the production of the maintenance guideline describing how the AI System is to be maintained.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Guidelinec or System Deployment Guidelinec or System Operation Guidelinec
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc

Grant Certificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#GrantCertification

A planned step describing a certification granting decision to be taken by a human when incorporating accountability in AI Systems, e.g. grant an ISO certificate.
has super-classes
Decidec
has output variableop only Certification Decisionc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Guidance

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing instructions that should be followed during the deployment or operation stage of the :AI_System lifecycle.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
System Deployment Guidancec, System Operation Guidancec

Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Guideline

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a high level reference to a guideline (e.g. a guideline document) that is expected to be produced during the implementation in order to inform on the correct procedure for deploying, using and maintaining the system or any of its components.
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
System Deployment Guidelinec, System Operation Guidelinec
is disjoint with
Change Logc, Dataset Componentc, Design Specificationc, Evaluationc, Human Decisionc, Model Componentc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc

Hard Lawc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#HardLaw

A specific type of compliance entity which records a specific piece of information about the laws and regulations that must be, or are, complied with as part of an information realization collection. When used as part of an information realization corresponding to a design specification, it describes the hard laws that must be complied with. When used as part of an information realization corresponding to an realized component, it describes the hard laws that the component complies with.
has super-classes
Compliance Entityc
is disjoint with
Soft Lawc

Human Constraintc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#HumanConstraint

A specific type of planned ep-plan:Constraint that describes some constraint which cannot be evaluated automatically against the accountability trace. This can be, for example, because the constraint is too high level or difficult to express as a rule. Such constraint would be typically expected to be evaluated manually by a human.
has super-classes
constraintc
is disjoint with
Auto Constraintc

Human Decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#HumanDecision

A specific type of a planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a decision made by a human.
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Decidec
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Approval Decisionc, Compliance Assurance Decisionc, Fitness Confirmation Decisionc
is disjoint with
Change Logc, Dataset Componentc, Design Specificationc, Evaluationc, Guidelinec, Model Componentc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc

Hyperparameterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#HyperParameter

Imported Definition: Hyperparameter is a prior parameter of an implementation, i.e., a parameter which is set before its execution (e.g. C, the complexity parameter, in weka.SMO).
has super-classes
Parameterc

Implementation Stage Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ImplementationStageAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to the implementation stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Realize Component, Merge and Split Dataset, Evaluate, Generate Guideline, Grant Certification, and Decide.
has super-classes
accountability planc
includes stepop only Decidec or Evaluatec or Generate Guidelinec or Grant Certificationc or Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
includes variableop only Approval Decisionc or Certification Decisionc or Change Logc or Compliance Assurance Decisionc or Dataset Componentc or Evaluationc or Evaluation Datasetc or Fitness Confirmation Decisionc or Guidelinec or Human Decisionc or Model Componentc or Supporting Infrastructure Componentc or System Deployment Guidelinec or System Operation Guidelinec or Third Party Evaluationc or Training Datasetc or Validation Datasetc
is disjoint with
Design Stage Accountability Planc

Incorrect Use Casec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#IncorrectUseCase

A type of :UseCase detailing a situation in which any component of :AI_System or the system as whole should not be used.
has super-classes
Use Casec
is disjoint with
Intended Use Casec

Intended Use Casec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#IntendedUseCase

A type of :UseCase detailing a situation in which any component of :AI_System or the system as whole is expected to be used.
has super-classes
Use Casec
is disjoint with
Incorrect Use Casec

Intended User Groupc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#IntendedUserGroup

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing the target user audience for the functionality of the overall :AI_System or the components used to develop such system (e.g., a reused public training dataset or a model would be associated with this information).
has super-classes
information elementc

license documentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/LicenseDocument

Imported definition: A legal document giving official permission to do something with a resource.
has super-classes
information elementc

Limitationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Limitation

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing the limitations of any aspect related to an :AI_System including the system as whole, its components (e.g., ML model), or associated processes (e.g., evaluation).
has super-classes
information elementc

Logc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Log

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a high level reference to logs of information pertaining either to Changes. This class has the subclass Change Log, which reflects changes which occur throughtout the Implementation stage.
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Evaluatec or Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Change Logc

Merge and Split Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#MergeAndSplitDataset

A planned step that has some impact on the AI System where the dataset(s) used to produce the ML Model are merged and/or split. Merging takes place when there is more than one dataset in use. Typically, splitting a dataset component results in three subsets: Training Dataset, Validation Dataset, and Testing Dataset. This step is typically part of the Implementation stage of an AI System's life cycle. If a deviation from the design specification takes place, then the step will also have as an output a member of the class Change Log.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc or Dataset Componentc or Evaluation Datasetc or Training Datasetc or Validation Datasetc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc

Modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#Model

Imported Definition: Model is a generalization of a set of training data able to predict values for unseen instances. It is an output from an execution of a data mining algorithm implementation. Models have a dual nature. They can be treated as data structures and as such represented, stored and manipulated. On the other hand, they act as functions and are executed, taking as input data examples and giving as output the result of applying the function to a data example. Models can also be divided into global or local ones. A global model has global coverage of a data set, i.e., it generalizes the whole data set. A local model, such as a pattern set, is a set of local hypotheses, i.e. each applies to a limited region of the data set.
has super-classes
Realizable Objectc
Excluded Objectc or Realized Objectc
is disjoint with
Datasetc, Supporting Infrastructurec

model characteristicc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#ModelCharacteristic

Imported Definition: ModelCharacteristic is a distinguishing quality or property that distinguish one model from another. An example model characteristic may be interpretabilty or a complexity of the model. In RAInS, this includes the type of model, programming method, excluded features, emphasized features, decision thresholds, basis of prioritisation, semantics and similarity functions, editorial criteria, and type of uncertainty. Plus, how those were chosen. There are separate concepts that represent the algorithm and parameters.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

Model Componentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ModelComponent

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents the description of a realized ML Model, including it characteristics, performance, etc. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the ModelComponent variable contains the following information elements: 1. Model: the realized model should be an instance of RealizedObject. If the implementation deviates from the design, then an additional model should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 2. ModelCharacteristic 3. Algorithm 4. Parameter 5. IntendedUseCase 6. Limitation 7. Risk 8. Bias 9. Tradeoff 10. IncorrectUseCase 11. IntendedUserGroup 12. HardLaw 13. SoftLaw It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the ModelComponent variable contains the following information elements: 1. SystemAuditMechanism 2. SystemExplanationMechanims 3. SystemHumanOversightMechanism 4. SystemSecurityMechanism 5. SystemIntegrationGuidance 6. SystemDeploymentGuidance 7. SystemDocumentationGuidance 8. SystemIntegrationGuidance 9. SystemUsageGuidance
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Change Logc, Design Specificationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc

Model Evaluationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#ModelEvaluation

A specific rains:EvaluationResult which records a specific piece of information detailing the result of an evaluation process of a Model Component. Imported Definition from ML-Schema: ModelEvaluation is a setting of a value of the performance measure specified by the evaluation specification. It connects a measure specification with its value.
has super-classes
Evaluation Resultc

Model Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ModelSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the description of planned requirements, characteristics, performance, etc. related to an AI model. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to ModelSpecification contains the following information elements: 1. Model 2. ModelCharacteristic 3. Algorithm 4. IntendedUseCase 5. Limitation 6. Risk 7. Bias 8. Tradeoff 9. IntendedUserGroup 10. Parameter 11. Hyperparameter 12. IncorrectUseCase 13. HardLaw 14. SoftLaw It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the ModelSpecification contains the following information elements: 1. SystemAuditMechanism 2. SystemExplanationMechanims 3. SystemHumanOversightMechanism 4. SystemSecurityMechanism 5. SystemIntegrationGuidance 6. SystemDeploymentGuidance 7. SystemDocumentationGuidance 8. SystemIntegrationGuidance 9. SystemUsageGuidance
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Specificationc, Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc

Parameterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Parameter

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information describing a model's parameter. This is broader than mls:HyperParameter which describes only a hyperparameter of a model.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Hyperparameterc

Produce Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ProduceSpecification

A planned step describing the creation of a specification that has some impact on the AI System, e.g. the production of the design specification describing the training dataset to be used. This step is typically part of the Design stage of an AI System's life cycle and has members of the subclasses of Design Specification as its expected output(s).
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Compliance Specificationc or Dataset Specificationc or Design Specificationc or Evaluation Specificationc or Model Specificationc or Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc or System Purpose Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Merge and Split Datasetc, Realize Componentc

Realizable Objectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#RealizableObject

A sao:InformationElement which records information detailing a piece of data, software or hardware that may be realized during the Implementation stage. A reused object (e.g., public training datasets) is also considered as :RealizableObject during the Design stage as it is not yet implemented (i.e., physical copies have not yet been integrated withing the ML pipeline)
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Datasetc, Modelc, Supporting Infrastructurec
is in domain of
hasRealizableObjectCharacteristicop
is in range of
isCharacteristicOfRealizableObjectop

Realizable Object Characteristicc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#RealizableObjectCharacteristic

A sao:InformationElement which records information detailing a specific quality of :RealizableObject.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc, algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc
is in domain of
isCharacteristicOfRealizableObjectop
is in range of
hasRealizableObjectCharacteristicop

Realize Componentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#RealizeComponent

A planned step describing the realization of a component. This includes implementing a component or retrieving it from a different (or third party) source. The realization of the component has some impact on the AI System, e.g. the implementation of the ML model or importing a third party dataset. This step has members of the class Dataset Component, Model Component, and Supporting Infrastructure Component as its expected output(s). If a deviation from the design specification(s) takes place, then the step will also have as an output a member of the class Change Log.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc or Dataset Componentc or Evaluation Datasetc or Model Componentc or Supporting Infrastructure Componentc or Training Datasetc or Validation Datasetc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc

Realized Objectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#RealizededObject

A sao:InformationElement which records information detailing a piece of data, software or hardware that was realized - whether or not it followed a design specification or a guideline. For example, assume the dataset design specification specifies that dataset foorbar is to be realised (to be used to train the model), but the implementation team realises dataset xyzzy. In this case, only dataset xyzzy is created as an instance of Realized Object.
has super-classes
information elementc
is disjoint with
Excluded Objectc

Riskc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Risk

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing possible undesired or dangerous outcomes caused by any aspects of :AI_Sytem. If a mitigation strategy is used to abate the risk, then these can be indicated using the property :hasMitigationStrategy. It is advisable that information about the risk before and after mitigation is included.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Biasc
is in domain of
hasMitigationStrategydp

Soft Lawc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SoftLaw

A specific type of compliance entity which records a specific piece of information about the procedures, standards, protocols, etc that complying with is desired or encouraged as part of an information realization collection. When used as part of an information realization corresponding to a design specification, it describes the soft laws that are to be complied with. When used as part of an information realization corresponding to an realized component, it describes the soft laws that the component complies with.
has super-classes
Compliance Entityc
is disjoint with
Hard Lawc

softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://ontosoft.org/software#Software

Imported definition: A Software is any piece of code that is described in Ontosoft. This could some visualisation software, software package, library, componentised scripts, etc. This can be subclassed if software categories with extra properties are required, otherwise one should use SoftwareTag to categorise software.
has super-classes
software agentc
agentc
information elementc
has sub-classes
Data Collection Softwarec, Data Preprocessing Softwarec, Fairness Or Bias Detection Softwarec

software agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent

has super-classes
agentc
has sub-classes
softwarec

Supporting Infrastructurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SupportingInfrastructure

A type of :RealizableObject detailing the hardware and software 'plumbing' that is not generally considered part of the AI processes, however, may also be source of erroneous behaviour in :AI_System.
has super-classes
Realizable Objectc
Excluded Objectc or Realized Objectc
is disjoint with
Datasetc, Modelc

Supporting Infrastructure Componentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SupportingInfrastructureComponent

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents the characteristics, performance, etc. related to all the implemented hardware and software 'plumbing' that is not generally considered part of the AI processes, however, may also be source of erroneous behaviour in AI systems. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the SupportingInfrastructureComponent variable contains the following information elements: 1. SupportingInfrastructure, the realized supporting infrastructure should be an instance of RealizedObject. If the implementation deviates from the design, then an additional upporting infrastructure should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 2. Limitation 3. Risk 4. Bias 5. Tradeoff 6. SystemAuditMechanism 7. SystemExplanationMechanims 8. SystemHumanOversightMechanism 9. SystemSecurityMechanism 10. HardLaw 11. SoftLaw
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Change Logc, Dataset Componentc, Design Specificationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Model Componentc

Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SupportingInfrastructureSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the specification description of planned requirements, characteristics, performance, etc. related to all the hardware and software 'plumbing' that is not generally considered part of the AI processes, however, may also be source of erroneous behaviour in AI systems. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to SupportingInfrastructureSpecification contains the following information elements: 1. SupportingInfrastructure 2. SystemAuditMechanism 3. SystemExplanationMechanims 4. SystemHumanOversightMechanism 5. SystemSecurityMechanism 6. Limitation 7. Risk 8. Bias 9. Tradeoff 10. HardLaw 11. SoftLaw
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Specificationc, Dataset Specificationc, Model Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc

System Audit Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemAuditMechanism

A type of :RealizableObjectCharacteristic detailing how :AI_System may be interrogated about its inner processes and outputs produced.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

System Deployment Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemDeploymentGuidance

A specific type of Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the :AI_System should be deployed. It has two subclasses to further specify information related to installation and user training.
has super-classes
Guidancec
has sub-classes
System Installation Guidancec, User Training Guidancec

System Deployment Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemDeploymentGuideline

A specific type of :Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for the Deployment stage of the AI System. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Deployment Guideline variable contains the following information elements: 1. SystemInstallationGuidance 2. UserTrainingGuidance
has super-classes
Guidelinec
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
System Installation Guidelinec, User Training Guidelinec

System Explanation Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemExplanationMechanism

A type of :RealizableObjectCharacteristic detailing how :AI_System produces human readable clarifications and justifications of its inner processes and outputs produced.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

System Human Oversight Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemHumanOversightMechanism

A type of :RealizableObjectCharacteristic detailing how :AI_System integrates human operators in its decision processes to offer them the opportunity to stop, review, or alter the outputs produced by the system.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

System Installation Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemInstallationGuidance

A specific type of :Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the :AI_System should be installed. This includes any installations and integrations. It also includes any configurations that are done during the Deployment stage after the installation and integration, but before any user uses the system in the Operation Stage, for example, configuring an app to connect to WiFi as part of its installation.
has super-classes
System Deployment Guidancec

System Installation Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemInstallationGuideline

A specific type of System Deployment Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for the Installing AI System, including any integration and configuration done during the Deployment Stage. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Deployment Guideline variable contains the information element: SystemInstallationGuidance.
has super-classes
System Deployment Guidelinec
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

System Maintenance Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemMaintenanceGuidance

A specific type of :Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the :AI_System should be maintained.
has super-classes
System Operation Guidancec

System Maintenance Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemMaintenanceGuideline

A specific type of System Operation Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for how the AI System should be maintained. Typically, such guidance takes the form of a manual. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Maintenance Guideline variable contains the following information element: SystemMaintenanceGuidance.
has super-classes
System Operation Guidelinec
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

System Operation Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemOperationGuidance

A specific type of :Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the :AI_System should be used and maintained. This class has two subclasses to further specify information related to usage and maintenance.
has super-classes
Guidancec
has sub-classes
System Maintenance Guidancec, System Usage Guidancec

System Operation Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemOperationGuideline

A specific type of :Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for the Operation stage of the AI System. Typically, such guidance takes the form of a manual. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Operation Guideline variable contains the following information elements: 1. SystemUsageGuidance 2. SystemMaintenanceGuidance
has super-classes
Guidelinec
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
System Maintenance Guidelinec, System Usage Guidelinec

System Purpose Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemPurposeSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the description of the purpose(s) for which an AI system is designed and used for. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to SystemPurposeSpecification contains the following information elements 1. IntendedUserGroup 2. IntendedUseCase 3. IncorrectUseCase
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Specificationc, Dataset Specificationc, Evaluation Specificationc, Model Specificationc, Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc

System Security Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemSecurityMechanism

A type of :RealizableObjectCharacteristic detailing how :AI_System may be safeguarded against adversarial attacks or potential breaches of security.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc

System Usage Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemUsageGuidance

A specific type of :Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the :AI_System should be used. This includes configuring the system by the user after it the deployment stage and its configurations have ended. For example, configuring an face detection app to recognise new users.
has super-classes
System Operation Guidancec

System Usage Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemUsageGuideline

A specific type of System Operation Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for how the AI System should be used. Typically, such guidance takes the form of a manual. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Maintenance Guideline variable contains the following information element: SystemUsageGuidance.
has super-classes
System Operation Guidelinec
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Third Party Evaluationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ThirdPartyEvaluation

A specific type of :Evaluation which represents an evaluation performed by a third party independent of the developers of the AI System.
has super-classes
Evaluationc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Evaluatec
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

TradeOffc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#TradeOff

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing tradeoffs to mitigate possible undesired or dangerous outcomes caused by any aspects of :AI_Sytem.
has super-classes
information elementc

Training Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#TrainingDataset

A specific type of a Dataset Component which represents a subset of the whole collected and pre-processed datasets after they were merged then split to be fed into the ML Model. This specific type represents the data used to train the ML Model. The other subsets are used to validate and evaluate the model. This accountable result is typically part of the Implementation stage of an AI System's life cycle.
has super-classes
Dataset Componentc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Use Casec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#UseCase

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing a situation in which any component of :AI_System or the system as whole could potentially be used.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Incorrect Use Casec, Intended Use Casec

User Training Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#UserTrainingGuidance

A specific type of :Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the users of the :AI_System should be trained to use and maintain the system. This is separate from the manuals, as those are expressed using SystemMaintenanceGuidance and SystemUsageGuidance.
has super-classes
System Deployment Guidancec

User Training Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#UserTrainingGuideline

A specific type of System Deployment Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for the how to train the operators of the AI System on how to use and/or maintain the AI system. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Deployment Guideline variable contains the information element: UserTrainingGuidance.
has super-classes
System Deployment Guidelinec
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Validation Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ValidationDataset

A specific type of a Dataset Component which represents a subset of the whole collected and pre-processed datasets after they were merged then split to be fed into the ML Model. This specific type represents the data used to validate the ML Model. The dataset is typically used repeatedly during the hyperparameter tuning process. The other subsets are used to train and evaluate the model. This accountable result is typically part of the Implementation stage of an AI System's life cycle.
has super-classes
Dataset Componentc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Object Properties

hasEvaluationResultop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasEvaluationResult

A relation that links some evaluation measure to one or more results produced for this measure. This property is the inverse of hasEvaluationResult.
has domain
Evaluation Measurec
has range
Evaluation Resultc
is inverse of
isEvaluationResultOfop

hasRealizableObjectCharacteristicop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasRealizableObjectCharacteristic

A relation that links a realizable object (e.g., model) to the information element describing its characteristic.
has domain
Realizable Objectc
has range
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is inverse of
isCharacteristicOfRealizableObjectop

includes stepop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ep-plan#includesStep

is inverse of
is step of planop

is output variable ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ep-plan#isOutputVariableOf

has super-properties
top object property

isCharacteristicOfRealizableObjectop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#isCharacteristicOfRealizableObject

Inverse of hasRealizableObjectCharacteristic
has domain
Realizable Object Characteristicc
has range
Realizable Objectc
is inverse of
hasRealizableObjectCharacteristicop

isEvaluationResultOfop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#isEvaluationResultOf

A relation that links a result to some evaluation measure for which the result was produced.
has domain
Evaluation Resultc
has range
Evaluation Measurec
is inverse of
hasEvaluationResultop

Data Properties

computedOnDecisionThresholddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#computedOnDecisionThreshold

The decision threshold the metric that produced evaluation result was computed on. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
Evaluation Resultc

computedOnSlicedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#computedOnSlice

The description of slice that the metric which produced evaluation result was computed on. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
Evaluation Resultc

hasBase64Imagedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasBase64Image

A value indicating what an :InformationElement's base 64 image is in String format. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json
has domain
information elementc
has range
string

hasInputFormatdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasInputFormat

A value describing the format of an input. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json
has range
string

hasMitigationStrategydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasMitigationStrategy

A value indicating what a :Risk's mitigation strategy is, expressed in String format. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json
has domain
Riskc
has range
string

hasOutputFormatdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasOutputFormat

A value describing the format of an output. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json
has range
string

hasResultLowerBounddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasResultLowerBound

The lower bound of the confidence interval. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
Evaluation Resultc

hasResultUpperBounddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasResultUpperBound

The upper bound of the confidence interval. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
Evaluation Resultc

hasResultValuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasResultValue

The description of the result value.

has characteristics : functional

has domain
Evaluation Resultc

isReusedObjectdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#isReusedObject

A value indicating whether the :RealizableObject is a third party resource.

has characteristics : functional

has domain
softwarec or Excluded Objectc or Realizable Objectc or Realized Objectc
has range
boolean

versiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#version

A value indicating what a :RealizableObject's version is. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
softwarec or Excluded Objectc or Realizable Objectc or Realized Objectc
has range
string

versionDatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#versionDate

A value indicating what the version date of a :RealizableObject's is. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
softwarec or Excluded Objectc or Realizable Objectc or Realized Objectc
has range
date time

versionNotedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#versionNote

A value describing a note about the version date of a :RealizableObject. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json
has domain
softwarec or Excluded Objectc or Realizable Objectc or Realized Objectc
has range
string

Annotation Properties

creatorap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator

descriptionap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/description

issuedap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/issued

licenseap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://creativecommons.org/ns#license

modifiedap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/modified

preferred namespace prefixap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespacePrefix

preferred namespace uriap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespaceUri

rightsap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/rights

titleap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/title

General Axioms

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

Datasetc, Modelc, Supporting Infrastructurec

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

Approval Decisionc, Compliance Assurance Decisionc, Fitness Confirmation Decisionc

Namespace Declarations back to ToC

default namespace
https://w3id.org/rains#
ep-plan
https://w3id.org/ep-plan#
mls
http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#
ns
http://creativecommons.org/ns#
owl
http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
profiles
https://www.abdn.ac.uk/ncs/profiles/
prov
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
rdf
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
sao
https://w3id.org/sao#
software
http://ontosoft.org/software#
terms
http://purl.org/dc/terms/
vann
http://purl.org/vocab/vann/
w3id-org
https://w3id.org/
xsd
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

This HTML document was obtained by processing the OWL ontology source code through LODE, Live OWL Documentation Environment, developed by Silvio Peroni .