CHAracterisation MEthodology Ontology

IRI:
https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo
Version IRI:
https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/1.0.0-beta5/chameo
Current version :
1.0.0-beta5
Previous version :
1.0.0-beta4
Backward compatible with :
Authors :
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4181-2852
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5174-8508
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9668-6961
Contributors :
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4181-2852
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5174-8508
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9668-6961
Publisher :
EMMC ASBL
Imported Ontologies :
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/mereocausality (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/disciplines/computerscience (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/disciplines/isq (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/disciplines/manufacturing (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/disciplines/math (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/disciplines/metrology (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/disciplines/models (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/multiperspective/persholistic (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/multiperspective/workflow (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/perspectives/data (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/perspectives/holistic (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/perspectives/persistence (visualise it with LODE )
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/perspectives/semiotics (visualise it with LODE )
Other visualisation :
Ontology source - WebVowl

Abstract

Contacts: Gerhard Goldbeck Goldbeck Consulting Ltd (UK) email: gerhard@goldbeck-consulting.com

Table of Content

  1. Classes
  2. Object Properties
  3. Data Properties
  4. Named Individuals
  5. Annotation Properties
  6. General Axioms
  7. Namespace Declarations

Classes

AbrasiveStrippingVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#AbrasiveStrippingVoltammetry

electrochemical method where traces of solid particles are abrasively transferred onto the surface of an electrode, followed by an electrochemical dissolution (anodic or cathodic dissolution) that is recorded as a current–voltage curve
has super-classes
Voltammetryc

AccessConditionsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#AccessConditions

Describes what is needed to repeat the experiment
has super-classes
e m m o 909415d1 7c43 4d5e bbeb 7e1910159f66
is in range of
hasAccessConditionsop

ACVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ACVoltammetry

The resulting alternating current is plotted versus imposed DC potential. The obtained AC voltammogram is peak-shaped.
has super-classes
Voltammetryc

AdsorptiveStrippingVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#AdsorptiveStrippingVoltammetry

A peak-shaped adsorptive stripping voltammogram is obtained. Peak current depends on time of accumulation, mass transport of analyte (stirring), scan rate and mode (linear or pulse), and analyte concentration in solution. AdSV is usually employed for analysis of organic compounds or metal complexes with organic ligands. Stripping is done by means of an anodic or a cathodic voltammetric scan (linear or pulse), during which the adsorbed compound is oxidized or reduced.
has super-classes
StrippingVoltammetryc

AlphaSpectrometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#AlphaSpectrometry

Alpha spectrometry (also known as alpha(-particle) spectroscopy) is the quantitative study of the energy of alpha particles emitted by a radioactive nuclide that is an alpha emitter. As emitted alpha particles are mono-energetic (i.e. not emitted with a spectrum of energies, such as beta decay) with energies often distinct to the decay they can be used to identify which radionuclide they originated from.
has super-classes
Spectrometryc

Amperometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Amperometry

Amperometry can be distinguished from voltammetry by the parameter being controlled (electrode potential E) and the parameter being measured (electrode current I which is usually a function of time – see chronoamperometry). In a non-stirred solution, a diffusion-limited current is usually measured, which is propor-tional to the concentration of an electroactive analyte. The current is usually faradaic and the applied potential is usually constant. The integral of current with time is the electric charge, which may be related to the amount of substance reacted by Faraday’s laws of electrolysis.
has super-classes
ElectrochemicalTestingc
has sub-classes
Chronoamperometryc

AnalyticalElectronMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#AnalyticalElectronMicroscopy

Analytical electron microscopy (AEM) refers to the collection of spectroscopic data in TEM or STEM, enabling qualitative or quantitative compositional analysis.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

AnodicStrippingVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#AnodicStrippingVoltammetry

Stripping voltammetry in which material accumulated at the working electrode is electrochemically oxi- dized in the stripping step. A peak-shaped anodic stripping voltammogram is obtained. Peak current depends on time of accumulation, mass transport of analyte (stirring), scan rate and mode (linear or pulse), and analyte concentration in solution. A solid electrode, carbon paste or composite electrode, bismuth film electrode, mercury film electrode, or static mercury drop electrode may be used.
has super-classes
StrippingVoltammetryc

AtomicForceMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#AtomicForceMicroscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is an influential surface analysis technique used for micro/nanostructured coatings. This flexible technique can be used to obtain high-resolution nanoscale images and study local sites in air (conventional AFM) or liquid (electrochemical AFM) surroundings.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

AtomProbeTomographyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#AtomProbeTomography

Atom Probe Tomography (APT or 3D Atom Probe) is the only material analysis technique offering extensive capabilities for both 3D imaging and chemical composition measurements at the atomic scale (around 0.1-0.3nm resolution in depth and 0.3-0.5nm laterally). Since its early developments, Atom Probe Tomography has contributed to major advances in materials science. The sample is prepared in the form of a very sharp tip. The cooled tip is biased at high DC voltage (3-15 kV). The very small radius of the tip and the High Voltage induce a very high electrostatic field (tens V/nm) at the tip surface, just below the point of atom evaporation. Under laser or HV pulsing, one or more atoms are evaporated from the surface, by field effect (near 100% ionization), and projected onto a Position Sensitive Detector (PSD) with a very high detection efficiency. Ion efficiencies are as high as 80%, the highest analytical efficiency of any 3D microscopy.
has super-classes
Tomographyc

BPMNDiagramc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#BPMNDiagram

has super-classes
e m m o d7788d1a 020d 4c78 85a1 13563fcec168
is in range of
hasBPMNDiagramop

BrunauerEmmettTellerMethodc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#BrunauerEmmettTellerMethod

A technique used to measure the specific surface area of porous materials by analyzing the adsorption of gas molecules onto the material's surface
has super-classes
GasAdsorptionPorosimetryc

CalibrationDatac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CalibrationData

Calibration data are used to provide correction of measured data or perform uncertainty calculations. They are generally the result of a measuerement on a reference specimen.
has super-classes
CharacterisationDatac

CalibrationProcessc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CalibrationProcess

Sequence of operations/actions that are needed to convert the initial signal (as produced by the detector) into a meaningful and useable raw data. From the International Vocabulary of Metrology (VIM): Operation performed on a measuring instrument or a measuring system that, under specified conditions: 1) establishes a relation between the values with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications with associated measurement uncertainties and 2) uses this information to establish a relation for obtaining a measurement result from an indication. NOTE 1 The objective of calibration is to provide traceability of measurement results obtained when using a calibrated measuring instrument or measuring system. NOTE 2 The outcome of a calibration may be expressed by a statement, calibration function, calibration diagram, calibration curve, or calibration table. In some cases, it may consist of an additive or multiplicative correction of the indication with associated measurement uncertainty. NOTE 3 Calibration should not be confused with adjustment of a measuring system, often mistakenly called “selfcalibration”, nor with verification of calibration. Calibration is sometimes a prerequisite for verification, which provides confirmation that specified requirements (often maximum permissible errors) are met. Calibration is sometimes also a prerequisite for adjustment, which is the set of operations carried out on a measuring system such that the system provides prescribed indications corresponding to given values of quantities being measured, typically obtained from measurement standards. NOTE 4 Sometimes the first step alone of the operation mentioned in the definition is intended as being calibration, as it was in previous editions of this Vocabulary. The second step is in fact required to establish instrumental uncertainty for the measurement results obtained when using the calibrated measuring system. The two steps together aim to demonstrate the metrological traceability of measurement results obtained by a calibrated measuring system. In the past the second step was usually considered to occur after the calibration. NOTE 5 A comparison between two measurement standards may be viewed as a calibration if the comparison is used to check and, if necessary, correct the value and measurement uncertainty attributed to one of the measurement standards. In nanoindentation, the electrical signal coming from capacitive displacement gauge is converted into a real raw-displacement signal after using a proper calibration function (as obtained by the equipment manufacturer). Then, additional calibration procedures are applied to define the point of initial contact and to correct for instrument compliance, thermal drift, and indenter area function to obtain the real useable displacement data. Usually the calibration process involve a reference sample (with pre-defined, specific, and stable physical characteristics and known properties), in order to extract calibration data. In this way, the accuracy of the measurement tool and its components (for example the probe) will be evaluated and confirmed.
has super-classes
CharacterisationProcedurec
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 some ReferenceSamplec
e m m o 36e69413 8c59 4799 946c 10b05d266e22 some MeasurementParameterc
e m m o c4bace1d 4db0 4cd3 87e9 18122bae2840 some CalibrationDatac
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 exactly 1 CharacterisationMeasurementInstrumentc
is in domain of
hasInstrumentForCalibrationop, hasReferenceSampleop
is disjoint with
CharacterisationDataValidationc, CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc, DataAnalysisc, DataPostProcessingc, DataPreparationc, SampleExtractionc, SampleInspectionc, SamplePreparationc

Calorimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Calorimetry

In chemistry and thermodynamics, calorimetry (from Latin calor 'heat', and Greek μέτρον (metron) 'measure') is the science or act of measuring changes in state variables of a body for the purpose of deriving the heat transfer associated with changes of its state due, for example, to chemical reactions, physical changes, or phase transitions under specified constraints. Calorimetry is performed with a calorimeter.
has super-classes
ThermochemicalTestingc

CathodicStrippingVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CathodicStrippingVoltammetry

Stripping voltammetry in which material accumulated at the working electrode is electrochemically reduced in the stripping step. A peak-shaped cathodic stripping voltammogram is obtained. Peak current depends on time of accumulation, mass transport of analyte (stirring), scan rate and mode (linear or pulse), and analyte concentration in solution.
has super-classes
StrippingVoltammetryc

CharacterisationComponentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationComponent

has super-classes
e m m o f76884f7 964e 488e 9bb7 1b2453e9e817

CharacterisationDatac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationData

Represents every type of data that is produced during a characterisation process
has super-classes
e m m o 3e7add3d e6ed 489a a796 8e31fef9b490
has sub-classes
CalibrationDatac, PrimaryDatac, RawDatac, SecondaryDatac, Signalc
is in range of
hasCharacterisationInputop, hasCharacterisationOutputop

CharacterisationDataValidationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationDataValidation

Procedure to validate the characterisation data.
has super-classes
e m m o 1c7f2dfe 0db4 4bf6 a0f6 853054a34ead
is disjoint with
CalibrationProcessc, CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc, DataAnalysisc, DataPostProcessingc, DataPreparationc, SampleExtractionc, SampleInspectionc, SamplePreparationc

CharacterisationEnvironmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationEnvironment

Medium of the characterisation experiment defined by the set of environmental conditions that are controlled and measured over time during the experiment.
has super-classes
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204 some CharacterisationEnvironmentPropertyc
is in domain of
hasCharacterisationEnvironmentPropertyop
is in range of
hasCharacterisationEnvironmentop

CharacterisationEnvironmentPropertyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationEnvironmentProperty

has super-classes
e m m o b7bcff25 ffc3 474e 9ab5 01b1664bd4ba
is in range of
hasCharacterisationEnvironmentPropertyop

CharacterisationExperimentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationExperiment

A characterisation experiment is the process by which a material's structure and properties are probed and measured. It is a fundamental process in the field of materials science, without which no scientific understanding of engineering materials could be ascertained.
has super-classes
e m m o 22522299 4091 4d1f 82a2 3890492df6db

CharacterisationHardwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationHardware

Whatever hardware is used during the characterisation process.
has super-classes
e m m o 494b372c cfdf 47d3 a4de 5e037c540de8
has sub-classes
CharacterisationMeasurementInstrumentc, Detectorc, Holderc, Probec, SampleExtractionInstrumentc, SampleInspectionInstrumentc, SamplePreparationInstrumentc
is in domain of
hasHardwareSpecificationop, hasManufacturerdp, hasModeldp, hasUniqueIDdp

CharacterisationHardwareSpecificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationHardwareSpecification

has super-classes
e m m o b7bcff25 ffc3 474e 9ab5 01b1664bd4ba
has sub-classes
HardwareManufacturerc, HardwareModelc
is in range of
hasHardwareSpecificationop

CharacterisationMeasurementInstrumentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationMeasurementInstrument

The instrument used for characterising a material, which usually has a probe and a detector as parts.
has super-classes
e m m o f2d5d3ad 2e00 417f 8849 686f3988d929
CharacterisationHardwarec
e m m o 8e52c42b e879 4473 9fa1 4b23428b392b some Detectorc
e m m o 8e52c42b e879 4473 9fa1 4b23428b392b some Probec
is in domain of
hasDateOfCalibrationdp
is in range of
hasCharacterisationMeasurementInstrumentop, hasInstrumentForCalibrationop

CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationMeasurementProcess

The measurement process associates raw data to the sample through a probe and a detector. From the International Vocabulary of Metrology (VIM): Process of experimentally obtaining one or more values that can reasonably be attributed to a quantity together with any other available relevant information. NOTE 1 The quantity mentioned in the definition is an individual quantity. NOTE 2 The relevant information mentioned in the definition may be about the values obtained by the measurement, such that some may be more representative of the measurand than others. NOTE 3 Measurement is sometimes considered to apply to nominal properties, but not in this Vocabulary, where the process of obtaining values of nominal properties is called “examination”. NOTE 4 Measurement requires both experimental comparison of quantities or experimental counting of entities at some step of the process and the use of models and calculations that are based on conceptual considerations. NOTE 5 The conditions of reasonable attribution mentioned in the definition take into account a description of the quantity commensurate with the intended use of a measurement result, a measurement procedure, and a calibrated measuring system operating according to the specified measurement procedure, including the measurement conditions. Moreover, a maximum permissible error and/or a target uncertainty may be specified, and the measurement procedure and the measuring system should then be chosen in order not to exceed these measuring system specifications.
has super-classes
e m m o 463bcfda 867b 41d9 a967 211d4d437cfb
CharacterisationProcedurec
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 some CharacterisationMeasurementInstrumentc
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 some Samplec
e m m o 36e69413 8c59 4799 946c 10b05d266e22 some MeasurementParameterc
e m m o c4bace1d 4db0 4cd3 87e9 18122bae2840 some CharacterisationDatac
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 some CharacterisationEnvironmentc
is in domain of
hasCharacterisationMeasurementInstrumentop, hasDataProcessingThroughCalibrationop, hasMeasurementSampleop, hasMeasurementTimeop
is disjoint with
CalibrationProcessc, CharacterisationDataValidationc, DataAnalysisc, DataPostProcessingc, DataPreparationc, SampleExtractionc, SampleInspectionc, SamplePreparationc

CharacterisationProcedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationProcedure

The process of performing characterisation by following some existing formalised operative rules.
has super-classes
e m m o 472a0ca2 58bf 4618 b561 6fe68bd9fd49
has sub-classes
CalibrationProcessc, CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc, CharacterisationProtocolc, MeasurementSystemAdjustmentc, SampleExtractionc, SampleInspectionc, SamplePreparationc
is in domain of
hasCharacterisationEnvironmentop, hasCharacterisationInputop, hasCharacterisationOutputop, hasMeasurementParameterop
is in range of
rationaleHasCharacterisationProcedureop

CharacterisationProcedureValidationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationProcedureValidation

Describes why the characterization procedure was chosen and deemed to be the most useful for the sample.
has super-classes
e m m o 909415d1 7c43 4d5e bbeb 7e1910159f66
is in domain of
hasPeerReviewedArticleop
is in range of
hasCharacterisationProcedureValidationop

CharacterisationPropertyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationProperty

The characterisation property is the investigate property or behaviour of a sample. It is derived from the secondary data, usually after classification or quantification (manually or by a model).
has super-classes
e m m o 873b0ab3 88e6 4054 b901 5531e01f14a4
is in range of
hasCharacterisationPropertyop

CharacterisationProtocolc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationProtocol

A characterisation protocol is defined whenever it is desirable to standardize a laboratory method to ensure successful replication of results by others in the same laboratory or by other laboratories.
has super-classes
CharacterisationProcedurec

CharacterisationSoftwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationSoftware

A software application to process characterisation data
has super-classes
e m m o 3b031fa9 8623 4ea5 8b57 bcafb70c5c8b
is in range of
hasCharacterisationSoftwareop

CharacterisationSystemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationSystem

A set of one or more 'CharacterisationInstruments' and often other devices, including any sample holder, reagent and supply, assembled and adapted to give information used to generate 'MeasuredQuantityProperty' within specified intervals for quantities of specified kinds.
has super-classes
e m m o 65a007dc 2550 46b0 b394 3346c67fbb69
e m m o 7dea2572 ab42 45bd 9fd7 92448cec762a
e m m o dba27ca1 33c9 4443 a912 1519ce4c39ec some CharacterisationComponentc

CharacterisationTaskc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationTask

is equivalent to
e m m o 4299e344 a321 4ef2 a744 bacfcce80afc and CharacterisationProcedurec
has super-classes
e m m o 4299e344 a321 4ef2 a744 bacfcce80afc
inverse e m m o 70da982d 1810 4b01 9630 a28e216ecd9a some CharacterisationWorkflowc
is in range of
hasBeginCharacterisationTaskop, hasCharacterisationTaskop, hasEndCharacterisationTaskop

CharacterisationTechniquec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationTechnique

The description of the overall characterisation technique. It can be composed of different steps (e.g. sample preparation, calibration, measurement, post-processing).
has super-classes
e m m o c7013b53 3071 410b a5e4 a8d266dcdfb5
has sub-classes
ChargeDistributionc, Chromatographyc, Dilatometryc, MechanicalTestingc, Microscopyc, OpticalTestingc, Osmometryc, Porosimetryc, Profilometryc, ScatteringAndDiffractionc, Spectrometryc, Spectroscopyc, ThermochemicalTestingc, Tomographyc, UltrasonicTestingc, Viscometryc
is in domain of
hasAccessConditionsop, hasCharacterisationProcedureValidationop, hasLevelOfAutomationop

CharacterisationWorkflowc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationWorkflow

A characterisation procedure that has at least two characterisation tasks as proper parts.
is equivalent to
e m m o 64963ed6 39c9 4258 85e0 6466c4b5420c and CharacterisationProcedurec
has super-classes
e m m o 64963ed6 39c9 4258 85e0 6466c4b5420c
e m m o 70da982d 1810 4b01 9630 a28e216ecd9a some CharacterisationTaskc
is in domain of
hasBeginCharacterisationTaskop, hasCharacterisationTaskop, hasEndCharacterisationTaskop

CharacterisedSamplec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisedSample

The sample after having been subjected to a characterization process
has super-classes
Samplec

ChargeDistributionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ChargeDistribution

has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
ElectrochemicalTestingc, PulsedElectroacousticMethodc

Chromatographyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Chromatography

In chemical analysis, chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture into its components.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
CriticalAndSupercriticalChromatographyc, IonChromatographyc

Chronoamperometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Chronoamperometry

Amperometry in which the current is measured as a function of time after a change in the applied potential. If the potential step is from a potential at which no current flows (i.e., at which the oxidation or reduction of the electrochemically active species does not take place) to one at which the current is limited by diffusion (see diffusion-limited current), the current obeys the Cottrell equation.
has super-classes
Amperometryc

Chronocoulometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Chronocoulometry

Direct coulometry at controlled potential in which the electric charge passed after the application of a potential step perturbation is measured as a function of time (Q-t curve). Chronocoulometry provides the same information that is provided by chronoamperometry, since it is based on the integration of the I-t curve. Nevertheless, chronocoulometry offers important experimental advantages, such as (i) the measured signal usually increases with time and hence the later parts of the transient can be detected more accurately, (ii) a better signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved, and (iii) other contributions to overall charge passed as a function of time can be discriminated from those due to the diffusion of electroactive substances.
has super-classes
Coulometryc

Chronopotentiometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Chronopotentiometry

Potentiometry in which the potential is measured with time following a change in applied current. The change in applied current is usually a step, but cyclic current reversals or linearly increasing currents are also used.
has super-classes
Potentiometryc
has sub-classes
CyclicChronopotentiometryc, DirectCurrentInternalResistancec, GalvanostaticIntermittentTitrationTechniquec, HPPCc, ICIc, LinearChronopotentiometryc, PseudoOpenCircuitVoltageMethodc, StepChronopotentiometryc

CompressionTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CompressionTesting

Compression tests characterize material and product strength and stiffness under applied crushing loads. These tests are typically conducted by applying compressive pressure to a test specimen using platens or specialized fixtures with a testing machine that produces compressive loads.
has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc
is disjoint with
CreepTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FatigueTestingc, FibDicc, HardnessTestingc, Nanoindentationc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, TensileTestingc, WearTestingc

ConductometricTitrationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ConductometricTitration

Titration in which the electric conductivity of a solution is measured as a function of the amount of titrant added. The equivalence-point is obtained as the intersection of linear parts of the conductance G, versus titrant volume V, curve. The method can be used for deeply coloured or turbid solutions. Acid-base and precipitation reactions are most frequently used. The method is based on replacing an ionic species of the analyte with another species, cor- responding to the titrant or the product with significantly different conductance.
has super-classes
Conductometryc

Conductometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Conductometry

Measurement principle in which the electric conductivity of a solution is measured. The conductivity of a solution depends on the concentration and nature of ions present.
has super-classes
ElectrochemicalTestingc
has sub-classes
ConductometricTitrationc

ConfocalMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ConfocalMicroscopy

Confocal microscopy, most frequently confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) or laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of using a spatial pinhole to block out-of-focus light in image formation.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

CoulometricTitrationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CoulometricTitration

Titration in which the titrant is generated electrochemically, either by constant current or at constant potential. The titrant reacts stoichiometrically with the analyte, the amount of which is calculated using Faraday’s laws of electrolysis from the electric charge required to reach the end-point. Coulometric titrations are usually carried out in convective mass transfer mode using a large surface working electrode. The reference and auxiliary electrodes are located in sepa- rate compartments. A basic requirement is a 100 % current efficiency of titrant generation at the working electrode. End-point detection can be accomplished with potentiometry, amperometry, biamperometry, bipotentiometry, photometry, or by using a visual indicator. The main advantages are that titration is possible with less stable titrants, the standardi- zation of titrant is not necessary, the volume of the test solution is not changed, and the method is easily automated.
has super-classes
Coulometryc

Coulometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Coulometry

Electrochemical measurement principle in which the electric charge required to carry out a known electrochemical reaction is measured. By Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, the amount of substance is proportional to the charge. Coulometry used to measure the amount of substance is a primary reference measurement procedure [VIM 2.8] not requiring calibration with a standard for a quantity of the same kind (i.e. amount of substance). The coulometric experiment can be carried out at controlled (constant) potential (see direct coulometry at controlled potential) or controlled (constant) current (see direct coulometry at controlled current).
has super-classes
ElectrochemicalTestingc
has sub-classes
Chronocoulometryc, CoulometricTitrationc, DirectCoulometryAtControlledCurrentc, DirectCoulometryAtControlledPotentialc

CreepTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CreepTesting

The creep test is a destructive materials testing method for determination of the long-term strength and heat resistance of a material. When running a creep test, the specimen is subjected to increased temperature conditions for an extended period of time and loaded with a constant tensile force or tensile stress.
has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc
is disjoint with
CompressionTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FatigueTestingc, FibDicc, HardnessTestingc, Nanoindentationc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, TensileTestingc, WearTestingc

CriticalAndSupercriticalChromatographyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CriticalAndSupercriticalChromatography

has super-classes
Chromatographyc

CyclicChronopotentiometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CyclicChronopotentiometry

Chronopotentiometry where the change in applied current undergoes a cyclic current reversal.
has super-classes
Chronopotentiometryc

CyclicVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CyclicVoltammetry

Voltammetry in which the electric current is recorded as the electrode potential is varied with time cyclically between two potential limits, normally at a constant scan rate. Cyclic voltammetry is frequently used for the investigation of mechanisms of electrochemical/electrode reactions. The current-potential curve may be modelled to obtain reaction mechanisms and electrochemical parameters. Normally the initial potential is chosen where no electrode reaction occurs and the switching potential is greater (more positive for an oxidation or more negative for a reduction) than the peak potential of the analyte reaction. The initial potential is usually the negative or positive limit of the cycle but can have any value between the two limits, as can the initial scan direction. The limits of the potential are known as the switching potentials. The plot of current against potential is termed a cyclic voltammogram. Usually peak-shaped responses are obtained for scans in both directions.
has super-classes
Voltammetryc

DataAcquisitionRatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DataAcquisitionRate

Quantifies the raw data acquisition rate, if applicable.
has super-classes
e m m o b7bcff25 ffc3 474e 9ab5 01b1664bd4ba
is in range of
hasDataAcquisitionRateop

DataAnalysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DataAnalysis

Data processing activities performed on the secondary data to determine the characterisation property (e.g. classification, quantification), which can be performed manually or exploiting a model.
has super-classes
e m m o 1c7f2dfe 0db4 4bf6 a0f6 853054a34ead
is disjoint with
CalibrationProcessc, CharacterisationDataValidationc, CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc, DataPostProcessingc, DataPreparationc, SampleExtractionc, SampleInspectionc, SamplePreparationc

DataFilteringc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DataFiltering

Data filtering is the process of examining a dataset to exclude, rearrange, or apportion data according to certain criteria.
has super-classes
DataPreparationc
has sub-classes
outlier removalc

DataNormalisationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DataNormalisation

Data normalization involves adjusting raw data to a notionally common scale.
has super-classes
DataPreparationc

DataPostProcessingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DataPostProcessing

Analysis, that allows one to calculate the final material property from the calibrated primary data.
has super-classes
e m m o 1c7f2dfe 0db4 4bf6 a0f6 853054a34ead
is in domain of
hasDataQualityop, hasPostProcessingModelop, hasProcessingReproducibilityop
is disjoint with
CalibrationProcessc, CharacterisationDataValidationc, CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc, DataAnalysisc, DataPreparationc, SampleExtractionc, SampleInspectionc, SamplePreparationc

DataPreparationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DataPreparation

Data preparation is the process of manipulating (or pre-processing) data (which may come from disparate data sources) to improve their quality or reduce bias in subsequent analysis.
has super-classes
e m m o 1c7f2dfe 0db4 4bf6 a0f6 853054a34ead
has sub-classes
DataFilteringc, DataNormalisationc
is disjoint with
CalibrationProcessc, CharacterisationDataValidationc, CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc, DataAnalysisc, DataPostProcessingc, SampleExtractionc, SampleInspectionc, SamplePreparationc

DataProcessingThroughCalibrationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DataProcessingThroughCalibration

Describes how raw data are corrected and/or modified through calibrations.
is in range of
hasDataProcessingThroughCalibrationop

DataQualityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DataQuality

Evaluation of quality indicators to determine how well suited a data set is to be used for the characterisation of a material.
is in range of
hasDataQualityop

DCPolarographyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DCPolarography

Linear scan voltammetry with slow scan rate in which a dropping mercury electrode is used as the working electrode. If the whole scan is performed on a single growing drop, the technique should be called single drop scan voltammetry. The term polarography in this context is discouraged. This is the oldest variant of polarographic techniques, introduced by Jaroslav Heyrovský (1890 – 1967). Usually the drop time is between 1 and 5 s and the pseudo-steady-state wave-shaped dependence on potential is called a polarogram. If the limiting current is controlled by diffusion, it is expressed by the Ilkovich equation.
has super-classes
Voltammetryc
has sub-classes
SampledDCPolarographyc

Detectorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Detector

Physical device (or the chain of devices) that is used to measure, quantify and store the signal after its interaction with the sample.
has super-classes
CharacterisationHardwarec
is in range of
hasMeasurementDetectorop

DeviceSamplec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DeviceSample

has super-classes
e m m o 494b372c cfdf 47d3 a4de 5e037c540de8
Samplec

DielectricAndImpedanceSpectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DielectricAndImpedanceSpectroscopy

Dielectric spectroscopy (DS) or impedance spectroscopy, also known as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, is frequently used to study the response of a sample subjected to an applied electric field of fixed or changing frequency. DS describes the dielectric properties of a material as a function of frequency. In DS, the radio and microwave frequency regions of the electromagnetic spectrum have been successfully made to interact with materials, so as to study the behavior of molecules. The interaction of applied alternating electric fields with dipoles possessing reorientation mobility in materials is also dealt by DS.
has super-classes
Spectroscopyc

Dielectrometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Dielectrometry

Electrochemical measurement principle based on the measurement of the dielectric constant of a sample resulting from the orientation of particles (molecules or ions) that have a dipole moment in an electric field. Dielectrometric titrations use dielectrometry for the end-point detection. The method is used to monitor the purity of dielectrics, for example to detect small amounts of moisture.
has super-classes
ElectrochemicalTestingc

DifferentialLinearPulseVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DifferentialLinearPulseVoltammetry

Differential Pulse Voltammetry in which small potential pulses are superimposed onto a linearly varying potential.
has super-classes
DifferentialPulseVoltammetryc

DifferentialPulseVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DifferentialPulseVoltammetry

Voltammetry in which small potential pulses (constant height 10 to 100 mV, constant width 10 to 100 ms) are superimposed onto a linearly varying potential or onto a staircase potential ramp. The current is sampled just before the onset of the pulse (e.g. 10 to 20 ms) and for the same sampling time just before the end of the pulse. The difference between the two sampled currents is plotted versus the potential applied before the pulse. Thus, a differential pulse voltammogram is peak-shaped. Differential pulse polarography is differential pulse voltammetry in which a dropping mercury electrode is used as the working electrode. A pulse is applied before the mechani- cally enforced end of the drop and the current is sampled twice: just before the onset of the pulse and just before its end. The pulse width is usually 10 to 20 % of the drop life. The drop dislodgement is synchronized with current sampling, which is carried out as in DPV. The ratio of faradaic current to charging current is enhanced and the negative influence of charging current is partially eliminated in the same way as in normal pulse voltammetry (NPV). Moreover, subtraction of the charging current sampled before the application of the pulse further decreases its negative influence. Due to the more enhanced signal (faradaic current) to noise (charging current) ratio, the limit of detection is lower than with NPV. The sensitivity of DPV depends on the reversibility of the electrode reaction of the analyte.
has super-classes
Voltammetryc
has sub-classes
DifferentialLinearPulseVoltammetryc, DifferentialStaircasePulseVoltammetryc

DifferentialRefractiveIndexc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DifferentialRefractiveIndex

has super-classes
OpticalTestingc

DifferentialScanningCalorimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DifferentialScanningCalorimetry

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a thermoanalytical technique in which the difference in the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of a sample and reference is measured as a function of temperature. Both the sample and reference are maintained at nearly the same temperature throughout the experiment. Generally, the temperature program for a DSC analysis is designed such that the sample holder temperature increases linearly as a function of time. The reference sample should have a well-defined heat capacity over the range of temperatures to be scanned. Additionally, the reference sample must be stable, of high purity, and must not experience much change across the temperature scan. Typically, reference standards have been metals such as indium, tin, bismuth, and lead, but other standards such as polyethylene and fatty acids have been proposed to study polymers and organic compounds, respectively.
has super-classes
ThermochemicalTestingc

DifferentialStaircasePulseVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DifferentialStaircasePulseVoltammetry

Differential Pulse Voltammetry in which small potential pulses are superimposed onto a staircase potential ramp.
has super-classes
DifferentialPulseVoltammetryc

DifferentialThermalAnalysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DifferentialThermalAnalysis

Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermoanalytic technique that is similar to differential scanning calorimetry. In DTA, the material under study and an inert reference are made to undergo identical thermal cycles, (i.e., same cooling or heating programme) while recording any temperature difference between sample and reference.[1] This differential temperature is then plotted against time, or against temperature (DTA curve, or thermogram). Changes in the sample, either exothermic or endothermic, can be detected relative to the inert reference. Thus, a DTA curve provides data on the transformations that have occurred, such as glass transitions, crystallization, melting and sublimation. The area under a DTA peak is the enthalpy change and is not affected by the heat capacity of the sample.
has super-classes
ThermochemicalTestingc

Dilatometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Dilatometry

Dilatometry is a method for characterising the dimensional changes of materials with variation of temperature conditions.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec

DirectCoulometryAtControlledCurrentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DirectCoulometryAtControlledCurrent

Coulometry at an imposed, constant current in the electrochemical cell. Direct coulometry at controlled current is usually carried out in convective mass transfer mode. The end-point of the electrolysis, at which the current is stopped, must be determined either from the inflection point in the E–t curve or by using visual or objective end-point indi- cation, similar to volumetric methods. The total electric charge is calculated as the product of the constant current and time of electrolysis or can be measured directly using a coulometer. The advantage of this method is that the electric charge consumed during the electrode reaction is directly proportional to the electrolysis time. Care must be taken to avoid the potential region where another electrode reaction may occur.
has super-classes
Coulometryc

DirectCoulometryAtControlledPotentialc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DirectCoulometryAtControlledPotential

Coulometry at a preselected constant potential of the working electrode. Direct coulometry at controlled potential is usually carried out in convective mass trans- fer mode using a large surface working electrode. Reference and auxiliary electrodes are placed in separate compartments. The total electric charge is obtained by integration of the I–t curve or can be measured directly using a coulometer.
has super-classes
Coulometryc

DirectCurrentInternalResistancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DirectCurrentInternalResistance

Method of determining the internal resistance of an electrochemical cell by applying a low current followed by higher current within a short period, and then record the changes of battery voltage and current.
has super-classes
Chronopotentiometryc

DynamicLightScatteringc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DynamicLightScattering

Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is a technique in physics that can be used to determine the size distribution profile of small particles in suspension or polymers in solution. In the scope of DLS, temporal fluctuations are usually analyzed using the intensity or photon auto-correlation function (also known as photon correlation spectroscopy - PCS or quasi-elastic light scattering - QELS).
has super-classes
OpticalTestingc

DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DynamicMechanicalAnalysis

Dynamic mechanical analysis (abbreviated DMA) is a characterisation technique where a sinusoidal stress is applied and the strain in the material is measured, allowing one to determine the complex modulus. The temperature of the sample or the frequency of the stress are often varied, leading to variations in the complex modulus; this approach can be used to locate the glass transition temperature[1] of the material, as well as to identify transitions corresponding to other molecular motions.
has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc
is disjoint with
CompressionTestingc, CreepTestingc, FatigueTestingc, FibDicc, HardnessTestingc, Nanoindentationc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, TensileTestingc, WearTestingc

DynamicMechanicalSpectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#DynamicMechanicalSpectroscopy

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) is a material characterization technique where a small deformation is applied to a sample in a cyclic manner. This allows measurement of the materials response to stress, temperature, frequency or time. The term is also used to refer to the analyzer that performs the test.
has super-classes
Spectroscopyc

ElectrochemicalImpedanceSpectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ElectrochemicalImpedanceSpectroscopy

Electrochemical measurement method of the complex impedance of an electrochemical system as a function of the frequency of a small amplitude (normally 5 to 10 mV) sinusoidal voltage perturbation superimposed on a fixed value of applied potential or on the open circuit potential. Impedimetric sensors are based on measurement of a concentration-dependent parameter taken from analysis of the respective electrochemical impedance spectra, or from the impedance magnitudes at a chosen fixed frequency. The sinusoidal current response lags behind the sinusoidal voltage perturbation by a phase angle φ. Resistances (e.g. to charge transfer) give a response in phase with the voltage perturbation; capacitances (e.g. double layer) give a response 90° out of phase; combinations of resistances and capacitances give phase angles between 0 and 90°. Plots of the out of phase vs. the in phase component of the impedance for all the frequencies tested are called complex plane (or Nyquist) plots. Plots of the phase angle and the magnitude of the impedance vs. the logarithm of perturbation frequency are called Bode diagrams. Complex plane plots are the more commonly used for electrochemical sensors.
has super-classes
Impedimetryc

ElectrochemicalPiezoelectricMicrogravimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ElectrochemicalPiezoelectricMicrogravimetry

Electrogravimetry using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. The change of mass is, for rigid deposits, linearly proportional to the change of the reso- nance frequency of the quartz crystal, according to the Sauerbrey equation. For non- rigid deposits, corrections must be made.
has super-classes
Electrogravimetryc

ElectrochemicalTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ElectrochemicalTesting

In electrochemical characterization, the measurement of potential, charge, or current is used to determine an analyte's concentration or to characterize an analyte's chemical reactivity
has super-classes
ChargeDistributionc
has sub-classes
Amperometryc, Conductometryc, Coulometryc, Dielectrometryc, Electrogravimetryc, Impedimetryc, Potentiometryc, Voltammetryc

Electrogravimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Electrogravimetry

Method of electroanalytical chemistry used to separate by electrolyse ions of a substance and to derive the amount of this substance from the increase in mass of an electrode.
has super-classes
ElectrochemicalTestingc
has sub-classes
ElectrochemicalPiezoelectricMicrogravimetryc

ElectronBackscatterDiffractionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ElectronBackscatterDiffraction

Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) is a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique used to study the crystallographic structure of materials. EBSD is carried out in a scanning electron microscope equipped with an EBSD detector comprising at least a phosphorescent screen, a compact lens and a low-light camera. In this configuration, the SEM incident beam hits the tilted sample. As backscattered electrons leave the sample, they interact with the crystal's periodic atomic lattice planes and diffract according to Bragg's law at various scattering angles before reaching the phosphor screen forming Kikuchi patterns (EBSPs). EBSD spatial resolution depends on many factors, including the nature of the material under study and the sample preparation. Thus, EBSPs can be indexed to provide information about the material's grain structure, grain orientation, and phase at the micro-scale. EBSD is applied for impurities and defect studies, plastic deformation, and statistical analysis for average misorientation, grain size, and crystallographic texture. EBSD can also be combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), cathodoluminescence (CL), and wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS) for advanced phase identification and materials discovery.
has super-classes
ScanningElectronMicroscopyc
ScatteringAndDiffractionc

ElectronProbeMicroanalysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ElectronProbeMicroanalysis

Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) is used for quantitative analysis of the elemental composition of solid specimens at a micrometer scale. The method uses bombardment of the specimen by keV electrons to excite characteristic X-rays from the sample, which are then detected by using wavelength-dispersive (WD) spectrometers.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

Ellipsometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Ellipsometry

Ellipsometry is an optical technique that uses polarised light to probe the dielectric properties of a sample (optical system). The common application of ellipsometry is the analysis of thin films. Through the analysis of the state of polarisation of the light that is reflected from the sample, ellipsometry yields information on the layers that are thinner than the wavelength of the light itself, down to a single atomic layer or less. Depending on what is already known about the sample, the technique can probe a range of properties including layer thickness, morphology, and chemical composition.
has super-classes
OpticalTestingc

EnergyDispersiveXraySpectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#EnergyDispersiveXraySpectroscopy

An analytical technique used for the elemental analysis or chemical characterization of a sample.
has super-classes
Spectroscopyc

EnvironmentalScanningElectronMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#EnvironmentalScanningElectronMicroscopy

The environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) that allows for the option of collecting electron micrographs of specimens that are wet, uncoated, or both by allowing for a gaseous environment in the specimen chamber.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

Exafsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Exafs

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), along with X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), is a subset of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Like other absorption spectroscopies, XAS techniques follow Beer's law. The X-ray absorption coefficient of a material as a function of energy is obtained by directing X-rays of a narrow energy range at a sample, while recording the incident and transmitted x-ray intensity, as the incident x-ray energy is incremented. When the incident x-ray energy matches the binding energy of an electron of an atom within the sample, the number of x-rays absorbed by the sample increases dramatically, causing a drop in the transmitted x-ray intensity. This results in an absorption edge. Every element has a set of unique absorption edges corresponding to different binding energies of its electrons, giving XAS element selectivity. XAS spectra are most often collected at synchrotrons because of the high intensity of synchrotron X-ray sources allow the concentration of the absorbing element to reach as low as a few parts per million. Absorption would be undetectable if the source is too weak. Because X-rays are highly penetrating, XAS samples can be gases, solids or liquids.
has super-classes
Spectroscopyc

FatigueTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#FatigueTesting

Fatigue testing is a specialised form of mechanical testing that is performed by applying cyclic loading to a coupon or structure. These tests are used either to generate fatigue life and crack growth data, identify critical locations or demonstrate the safety of a structure that may be susceptible to fatigue.
has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc
is disjoint with
CompressionTestingc, CreepTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FibDicc, HardnessTestingc, Nanoindentationc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, TensileTestingc, WearTestingc

FibDicc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#FibDic

The FIB-DIC (Focused Ion Beam - Digital Image Correlation) ring-core technique is a powerful method for measuring residual stresses in materials. It is based on milling a ring-shaped sample, or core, from the material of interest using a focused ion beam (FIB).
has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc
is disjoint with
CompressionTestingc, CreepTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FatigueTestingc, HardnessTestingc, Nanoindentationc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, TensileTestingc, WearTestingc

FieldEmissionScanningElectronMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#FieldEmissionScanningElectronMicroscopy

Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) is an advanced technology used to capture the microstructure image of the materials. FE-SEM is typically performed in a high vacuum because gas molecules tend to disturb the electron beam and the emitted secondary and backscattered electrons used for imaging.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

FourierTransformInfraredSpectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#FourierTransformInfraredSpectroscopy

A technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of a solid, liquid, or gas
has super-classes
Spectroscopyc

Fractographyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Fractography

Fractography is the study of fracture surfaces in order to determine the relation between the microstructure and the mechanism(s) of crack initiation and propagation and, eventually, the root cause of the fracture. Fractography qualitatively interprets the mechanisms of fracture that occur in a sample by microscopic examination of fracture surface morpholog.
has super-classes
OpticalTestingc

FreezingPointDepressionOsmometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#FreezingPointDepressionOsmometry

The general principle of freezing point depression osmometry involves the relationship between the number of moles of dissolved solute in a solution and the change in freezing point.
has super-classes
Osmometryc

GalvanostaticIntermittentTitrationTechniquec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#GalvanostaticIntermittentTitrationTechnique

Electrochemical method that applies current pulses to an electrochemical cell at rest and measures the voltage response.
has super-classes
Chronopotentiometryc

GammaSpectrometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#GammaSpectrometry

Gamma-ray spectroscopy is the qualitative study of the energy spectra of gamma-ray sources, such as in the nuclear industry, geochemical investigation, and astrophysics.[1] Gamma-ray spectrometry, on the other hand, is the method used to acquire a quantitative spectrum measurement. Most radioactive sources produce gamma rays, which are of various energies and intensities. When these emissions are detected and analyzed with a spectroscopy system, a gamma-ray energy spectrum can be produced. A detailed analysis of this spectrum is typically used to determine the identity and quantity of gamma emitters present in a gamma source, and is a vital tool in radiometric assay. The gamma spectrum is characteristic of the gamma-emitting nuclides contained in the source, just like in an optical spectrometer, the optical spectrum is characteristic of the material contained in a sample.
has super-classes
Spectrometryc

GasAdsorptionPorosimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#GasAdsorptionPorosimetry

Gas Adsorption Porosimetry is a method used for analyzing the surface area and porosity of materials. In this method, a gas, typically nitrogen or argon, is adsorbed onto the surface of the material at various pressures and temperatures.
has super-classes
Porosimetryc
has sub-classes
BrunauerEmmettTellerMethodc

Grindingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Grinding

Grinding is a machining process that involves the use of a disc-shaped grinding wheel to remove material from a workpiece. There are several types of grinding wheels, some of which include grindstones, angle grinders, die grinders and specialized grinding machines.
has super-classes
SamplePreparationc

HardnessTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#HardnessTesting

A test to determine the resistance a material exhibits to permanent deformation by penetration of another harder material.
has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc
is disjoint with
CompressionTestingc, CreepTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FatigueTestingc, FibDicc, Nanoindentationc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, TensileTestingc, WearTestingc

HardwareManufacturerc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationHardwareManufacturer

has super-classes
CharacterisationHardwareSpecificationc
is disjoint with
HardwareModelc

HardwareModelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#CharacterisationHardwareModel

has super-classes
CharacterisationHardwareSpecificationc
is disjoint with
HardwareManufacturerc

Hazardc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Hazard

Set of inherent properties of a substance, mixture of substances, or a process involving substances that, under production, usage, or disposal conditions, make it capable of causing adverse effects to organisms or the environment, depending on the degree of exposure; in other words, it is a source of danger.
has super-classes
e m m o b7bcff25 ffc3 474e 9ab5 01b1664bd4ba
is in range of
hasHazardop

Holderc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Holder

An object which supports the specimen in the correct position for the characterisation process.
has super-classes
CharacterisationHardwarec
is in range of
hasHolderop

HPPCc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#HPPC

Electrochemical method that measures the voltage drop of a cell resulting from a square wave current load.
has super-classes
Chronopotentiometryc

HydrodynamicVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#HydrodynamicVoltammetry

Voltammetry with forced flow of the solution towards the electrode surface. A linear potential scan, at sufficiently slow scan rates so as to ensure a steady state response, is usually applied. Mass transport of a redox species enhanced by convection in this way results in a greater electric current. Convective mass transfer occurs up to the diffusion-limiting layer, within which the mass transfer is controlled by diffusion. Electroactive substance depletion outside the diffusion layer is annulled by convective mass transfer, which results in steady- state sigmoidal wave-shaped current-potential curves. The forced flow can be accomplished by movement either of the solution (solution stirring, or channel flow), or of the electrode (electrode rotation or vibration).
has super-classes
Voltammetryc
has sub-classes
VoltammetryAtARotatingDiskElectrodec

ICIc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ICI

Electrochemical method that measures the voltage response of an electrochemical cell under galvanostatic conditions to short interruptions in the current.
has super-classes
Chronopotentiometryc

Impedimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Impedimetry

Measurement principle in which the complex electric impedance of a system is measured, usually as a function of a small amplitude sinusoidal electrode potential.
has super-classes
ElectrochemicalTestingc
has sub-classes
ElectrochemicalImpedanceSpectroscopyc

InteractionVolumec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#InteractionVolume

The volume of material, and the surrounding environment, that interacts with the probe and generate a detectable (measurable) signal (information). In Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the interaction volume is the volume of material that interacts directly with the incident electron beam, is usually much smaller than the entire specimen’s volume, and can be computed by using proper models. The interaction between the scanning probe and the sample generates a series of detectable signals (back scattered electrons, secondary electrons, x-rays, specimen current, etc.) which contain information on sample morphology, microstructure, composition, etc. In x-ray diffraction, the interaction volume is the volume of material that interacts directly with the x-ray beam and is usually smaller than the volume of the entire specimen. Depending on sample’s structure and microstructure, the interaction between the sample and the x-ray incident beam generates a secondary (reflected) beam that is measured by a detector and contains information on certain sample’s properties (e.g., crystallographic structure, phase composition, grain size, residual stress...). In some cases, (like tribological characterisations) the “sample” can also be the “probe”. When analysing a system of samples that interact each other, finding a clear definition can become a complex problem. It is important to note that, in some cases, the volume of interaction could be different from the volume of detectable signal emission. Example: in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the volume of interaction between the electron probe and the material is different from the volumes that generate the captured signal.
has super-classes
e m m o 90ae56e4 d197 49b6 be1a 0049e4756606
is in range of
hasInteractionVolumeop

IntermediateSamplec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#IntermediateSample

has super-classes
Samplec

IonChromatographyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#IonChromatography

Ion chromatography (or ion-exchange chromatography) is a form of chromatography that separates ions and ionizable polar molecules based on their affinity to the ion exchanger.
has super-classes
Chromatographyc

IonMobilitySpectrometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#IonMobilitySpectrometry

Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) It is a method of conducting analytical research that separates and identifies ionized molecules present in the gas phase based on the mobility of the molecules in a carrier buffer gas. Even though it is used extensively for military or security objectives, such as detecting drugs and explosives, the technology also has many applications in laboratory analysis, including studying small and big biomolecules. IMS instruments are extremely sensitive stand-alone devices, but are often coupled with mass spectrometry, gas chromatography or high-performance liquid chromatography in order to achieve a multi-dimensional separation. They come in various sizes, ranging from a few millimeters to several meters depending on the specific application, and are capable of operating under a broad range of conditions. IMS instruments such as microscale high-field asymmetric-waveform ion mobility spectrometry can be palm-portable for use in a range of applications including volatile organic compound (VOC) monitoring, biological sample analysis, medical diagnosis and food quality monitoring.
has super-classes
Spectrometryc

IsothermalMicrocalorimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#IsothermalMicrocalorimetry

Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) is a laboratory method for real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of chemical, physical and biological processes. Over a period of hours or days, IMC determines the onset, rate, extent and energetics of such processes for specimens in small ampoules (e.g. 3–20 ml) at a constant set temperature (c. 15 °C–150 °C). IMC accomplishes this dynamic analysis by measuring and recording vs. elapsed time the net rate of heat flow (μJ/s = μW) to or from the specimen ampoule, and the cumulative amount of heat (J) consumed or produced.
has super-classes
ThermochemicalTestingc

Laboratoryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Laboratory

The laboratory where the whole characterisation process or some of its stages take place.
is in range of
hasLabop

LevelOfAutomationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#LevelOfAutomation

Describes the level of automation of the test.
has super-classes
e m m o 909415d1 7c43 4d5e bbeb 7e1910159f66
is in range of
hasLevelOfAutomationop

LevelOfExpertisec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#LevelOfExpertise

Describes the level of expertise required to carry out a process (the entire test or the data processing).
has super-classes
e m m o 909415d1 7c43 4d5e bbeb 7e1910159f66
is in range of
requiresLevelOfExpertiseop

LightScatteringc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#LightScattering

Light scattering is the way light behaves when it interacts with a medium that contains particles or the boundary between different mediums where defects or structures are present. It is different than the effects of refraction, where light undergoes a change in index of refraction as it passes from one medium to another, or reflection, where light reflects back into the same medium, both of which are governed by Snell’s law. Light scattering can be caused by factors such as the nature, texture, or specific structures of a surface and the presence of gas, liquid, or solid particles through which light propagates, as well as the nature of the light itself, of its wavelengths and polarization states. It usually results in diffuse light and can also affect the dispersion of color.
has super-classes
OpticalTestingc

LinearChronopotentiometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#LinearChronopotentiometry

Chronopotentiometry where the applied current is changed linearly.
has super-classes
Chronopotentiometryc

LinearScanVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#LinearScanVoltammetry

Voltammetry in which the current is recorded as the electrode potential is varied linearly with time. LSV corresponds to the first half cycle of cyclic voltammetry. The peak current is expressed by the Randles-Ševčík equation. The scan is usually started at a potential where no electrode reaction occurs.
has super-classes
Voltammetryc

MassSpectrometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#MassSpectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful analytical technique used to quantify known materials, to identify unknown compounds within a sample, and to elucidate the structure and chemical properties of different molecules.
has super-classes
Spectrometryc

MeasurementParameterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#MeasurementParameter

Describes the main input parameters that are needed to acquire the signal.
has super-classes
e m m o d1d436e7 72fc 49cd 863b 7bfb4ba5276a
is in range of
hasMeasurementParameterop

MeasurementSystemAdjustmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#MeasurementSystemAdjustment

Activity which has the goal of adjusting/tuning a measing instrument, without performing a measurement on a reference sample (which is a calibration). The output of this process can be a specific measurement parameter to be used in the characteriasation measurement process. From the International Vocabulary of Metrology (VIM): Set of operations carried out on a measuring system so that it provides prescribed indications corresponding to given values of a quantity being measured. NOTE 1: If there is any doubt that the context in which the term is being used is that of metrology, the long form “adjustment of a measuring system” might be used. NOTE 2: Types of adjustment of a measuring system include zero adjustment, offset adjustment, and span adjustment (sometimes called “gain adjustment”). NOTE 3: Adjustment of a measuring system should not be confused with calibration, which is sometimes a prerequisite for adjustment. NOTE 4: After an adjustment of a measuring system, the measuring system must usually be recalibrated.
has super-classes
CharacterisationProcedurec
e m m o c4bace1d 4db0 4cd3 87e9 18122bae2840 some MeasurementParameterc

MeasurementTimec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#MeasurementTime

The overall time needed to acquire the measurement data.
has super-classes
e m m o b7bcff25 ffc3 474e 9ab5 01b1664bd4ba
is in range of
hasMeasurementTimeop

MechanicalTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#MechanicalTesting

Mechanical testing covers a wide range of tests, which can be divided broadly into two types: 1. those that aim to determine a material's mechanical properties, independent of geometry; 2. those that determine the response of a structure to a given action, e.g. testing of composite beams, aircraft structures to destruction, etc.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
CompressionTestingc, CreepTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FatigueTestingc, FibDicc, HardnessTestingc, Nanoindentationc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, TensileTestingc, ThreePointBendingTestingc, WearTestingc

MembraneOsmometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#MembraneOsmometry

In the membrane osmometry technique, a pure solvent and polymer solution are separated by a semipermeable membrane, due to the higher chemical potential of the solvent in the pure solvent than in polymer solution, the solvent starts moving towards the polymer solution.
has super-classes
Osmometryc

MercuryPorosimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#MercuryPorosimetry

A method used to measure the pore size distribution and total pore volume of solid materials by infiltrating mercury into the pores under controlled pressure conditions and analyzing the amount of mercury intrusion.
has super-classes
Porosimetryc

Microscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Microscopy

Microscopy is a category of characterization techniques which probe and map the surface and sub-surface structure of a material. These techniques can use photons, electrons, ions or physical cantilever probes to gather data about a sample's structure on a range of length scales.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
AnalyticalElectronMicroscopyc, AtomicForceMicroscopyc, ConfocalMicroscopyc, ElectronProbeMicroanalysisc, EnvironmentalScanningElectronMicroscopyc, FieldEmissionScanningElectronMicroscopyc, OpticalMicroscopyc, PhotoluminescenceMicroscopyc, ScanningAugerElectronMicroscopyc, ScanningElectronMicroscopyc, ScanningKelvinProbec, ScanningProbeMicroscopyc, ScanningTunnelingMicroscopyc, TransmissionElectronMicroscopyc

Millingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Milling

Milling is a machining process that involves the use of a milling machine to remove material from a workpiece. Milling machines feature cutting blades that rotate while they press against the workpiece.
has super-classes
SamplePreparationc

Mountingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Mounting

The sample is mounted on a holder.
has super-classes
SamplePreparationc
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 some Holderc

Nanoindentationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Nanoindentation

Nanoindentation (known also as nanoindentation test) is a method for testing the hardness and related mechanical properties of materials, facilitated by high-precision instrumentation in the nanometer scale, as well as analytical and computational algorithms for result evaluation. By definition, when someone performs nanoindentation, it refers to either quasistatic or continuous stiffness measurement. However, in reality with a nanoindenter it is also possible to perform scratch testing, scanning probe microscopy, and apply non-contact surface energy mapping, which can also be called nanoindentation, because they are measurements conducted using an nanoindenter.
has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc
is disjoint with
CompressionTestingc, CreepTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FatigueTestingc, FibDicc, HardnessTestingc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, TensileTestingc, WearTestingc

NeutronSpinEchoSpectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#NeutronSpinEchoSpectroscopy

Neutron spin echo spectroscopy is a high resolution inelastic neutron scattering method probing nanosecond dynamics. Neutron spin echo (NSE) spectroscopy uses the precession of neutron spins in a magnetic field to measure the energy transfer at the sample and decouples the energy resolution from beam characteristics like monochromatisation and collimation.
has super-classes
Spectroscopyc

Nexafsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Nexafs

Near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), also known as X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), is a type of absorption spectroscopy that indicates the features in the X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) of condensed matter due to the photoabsorption cross section for electronic transitions from an atomic core level to final states in the energy region of 50–100 eV above the selected atomic core level ionization energy, where the wavelength of the photoelectron is larger than the interatomic distance between the absorbing atom and its first neighbour atoms.
has super-classes
Spectroscopyc

NormalPulseVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#NormalPulseVoltammetry

Voltammetry in which potential pulses of amplitude increasing by a constant increment and with a pulse width of 2 to 200 ms are superimposed on a constant initial potential. Normal pulse polarography is NPV in which a dropping mercury electrode is used as the working electrode. A pulse is applied just before the mechanically enforced end of the drop. The pulse width is usually 10 to 20 % of the drop time. The drop dislodgment is synchro- nized with current sampling, which is carried out just before the end of the pulse, as in NPV. Sigmoidal wave-shaped voltammograms are obtained. The current is sampled at the end of the pulse and then plotted versus the potential of the pulse. The current is sampled just before the end of the pulse, when the charging current is greatly diminished. In this way, the ratio of faradaic current to charging current is enhanced and the negative influence of charging current is partially eliminated. Due to the improved signal (faradaic current) to noise (charging current) ratio, the limit of detec- tion is lowered. The sensitivity of NPV is not affected by the reversibility of the electrode reaction of the analyte.
has super-classes
Voltammetryc

NuclearMagneticResonancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#NuclearMagneticResonance

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, most commonly known as NMR spectroscopy or magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), is a spectroscopic technique to observe local magnetic fields around atomic nuclei. This spectroscopy is based on the measurement of absorption of electromagnetic radiations in the radio frequency region from roughly 4 to 900 MHz. Absorption of radio waves in the presence of magnetic field is accompanied by a special type of nuclear transition, and for this reason, such type of spectroscopy is known as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. The sample is placed in a magnetic field and the NMR signal is produced by excitation of the nuclei sample with radio waves into nuclear magnetic resonance, which is detected with sensitive radio receivers. The intramolecular magnetic field around an atom in a molecule changes the resonance frequency, thus giving access to details of the electronic structure of a molecule and its individual functional groups. As the fields are unique or highly characteristic to individual compounds, in modern organic chemistry practice, NMR spectroscopy is the definitive method to identify monomolecular organic compounds.
has super-classes
Spectroscopyc

OpenCircuitHoldc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#OpenCircuitHold

A process in which the electric current is kept constant at 0 (i.e., open-circuit conditions).
has super-classes
Potentiometryc

Operatorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Operator

The human operator who takes care of the whole characterisation method or sub-processes/stages.
has super-classes
personc and e m m o c130614a 2985 476d a7ed 8a137847703c
is in range of
hasOperatorop

OpticalMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#OpticalMicroscopy

Optical microscopy is a technique used to closely view a sample through the magnification of a lens with visible light.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

OpticalTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#OpticalTesting

has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
DifferentialRefractiveIndexc, DynamicLightScatteringc, Ellipsometryc, Fractographyc, LightScatteringc

Osmometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Osmometry

Osmometry is an advanced analytical method for determining the osmotic concentration of solutions. The osmotic – or solute – concentration of a colloidal system is expressed in osmoles (Osm) per unit of volume (Osm/L) or weight (Osm/kg).
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
FreezingPointDepressionOsmometryc, MembraneOsmometryc, VaporPressureDepressionOsmometryc

outlier removalc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#OutlierRemoval

has super-classes
DataFilteringc

personc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person

has members
Daniele Totini, Gerhard Goldbeckni, Pierluigi Del Nostroni

PhotoluminescenceMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#PhotoluminescenceMicroscopy

Photoluminescence spectroscopy is a widely used technique for characterisation of the optical and electronic properties of semiconductors and molecules.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

PhysicsOfInteractionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#PhysicsOfInteraction

Set of physics principles (and associated governing equations) that describes the interaction between the sample and the probe. In x-ray diffraction, this is represented by the set of physics equations that describe the relation between the incident x-ray beam and the diffracted beam (the most simple form for this being the Bragg’s law).
has super-classes
e m m o 27c5d8c6 8af7 4d63 beb1 ec37cd8b3fa3 or e m m o 8d2d9374 ef3a 47e6 8595 6bc208e07519
is in range of
hasPhysicsOfInteractionop

Polishingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Polishing

Polishing is a machining process to achieve a smooth surface of the Sample, which uses abrasive compounds with smal particles that are embedded in a pad or wheel.
has super-classes
SamplePreparationc

Porosimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Porosimetry

has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
GasAdsorptionPorosimetryc, MercuryPorosimetryc

PostProcessingModelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#PostProcessingModel

Mathematical model used to process data. The PostProcessingModel use is mainly intended to get secondary data from primary data.
has super-classes
e m m o f7ed665b c2e1 42bc 889b 6b42ed3a36f0
is in range of
hasPostProcessingModelop

PotentiometricStrippingAnalysisc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#PotentiometricStrippingAnalysis

Historically for the analysis of metal ions, mercury ions were added to the test solution to form a mercury amalgam when reduced. Alternatively, an HMDE or MFE was used and the oxidizing agent added after amalgam formation. However, the toxicity of mercury and its compounds have all but precluded the present-day use of mercury.
has super-classes
Voltammetryc

Potentiometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Potentiometry

Method of electroanalytical chemistry based on measurement of an electrode potential. Potentiometric methods are used to measure the electrochemical potentials of a metallic structure in a given environment. For measurements using ion-selective electrodes, the measurement is made under equilibrium conditions what means that the macroscopic electric current is zero and the concentrations of all species are uniform throughout the solution. The indicator electrode is in direct contact with the analyte solution, whereas the reference electrode is usually separated from the analyte solution by a salt bridge. The potential difference between the indicator and reference electrodes is normally directly proportional to the logarithm of the activity (concentration) of the analyte in the solution (Nernst equation). See also ion selective electrode.
has super-classes
ElectrochemicalTestingc
has sub-classes
Chronopotentiometryc, OpenCircuitHoldc

PreparedSamplec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#PreparedSample

The sample after a preparation process.
has super-classes
Samplec
is disjoint with
ReferenceSamplec

PrimaryDatac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#PrimaryData

Data resulting of a pre-processing of raw data, applying corrections to normalize/harmonize, in order to prepare them for the post-processing. Examples include: baseline subtraction, noise reduction , X and Y axes correction.
has super-classes
CharacterisationDatac

Probec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Probe

Probe is the physical tool (i.e., a disturbance, primary solicitation, or a gadget), controlled over time, that generates measurable fields that interact with the sample to acquire information on the specimen’s behaviour and properties. In dynamic light scattering, temporal fluctuations of backscattered light due to Brownian motion and flow of nanoparticles are the probe, resolved as function of pathlength in the sample. From fluctuation analysis (intensity correlations) and the wavelength of light in the medium, the (distribution of) diffusion coefficient(s) can be measured during flow. The Stokes-Einstein relation yields the particle size characteristics. In electron microscopy (SEM or TEM), the probe is a beam of electrons with known energy that is focused (and scanned) on the sample’s surface with a well-defined beam-size and scanning algorithm. In mechanical testing, the probe is a the tip plus a force actuator, which is designed to apply a force over-time on a sample. Many variants can be defined depending on way the force is applied (tensile/compressive uniaxial tests, bending test, indentation test) and its variation with time (static tests, dynamic/cyclic tests, impact tests, etc…) In spectroscopic methods, the probe is a beam of light with pre-defined energy (for example in the case of laser beam for Raman measurements) or pre-defined polarization (for example in the case of light beam for Spectroscopic Ellipsometry methods), that will be properly focused on the sample’s surface with a welldefined geometry (specific angle of incidence). In x-ray diffraction, the probe is a beam of x-rays with known energy that is properly focused on the sample’s surface with a well-defined geometry.
has super-classes
CharacterisationHardwarec
is in range of
hasInteractionWithProbeop, hasMeasurementProbeop

ProbeSampleInteractionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ProbeSampleInteraction

Process representing the interaction between the Probe and the Sample (with a certain Interaction Volume) which generates a Signal.
has super-classes
e m m o 43e9a05d 98af 41b4 92f6 00f79a09bfce
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 some Probec
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 some Samplec
e m m o c4bace1d 4db0 4cd3 87e9 18122bae2840 some Signalc
is in domain of
hasInteractionVolumeop, hasInteractionWithProbeop, hasInteractionWithSampleop, hasPhysicsOfInteractionop

ProcessingReproducibilityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ProcessingReproducibility

Description of performed statistical analysis to check for data reproducibility (e.g. easily reproducible for everyone, reproducible for a domain expert, reproducible only for Data processing Expert).
is in range of
hasProcessingReproducibilityop

Profilometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Profilometry

Profilometry is a technique used to extract topographical data from a surface. This can be a single point, a line scan or even a full three dimensional scan. The purpose of profilometry is to get surface morphology, step heights and surface roughness.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec

PseudoOpenCircuitVoltageMethodc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#PseudoOpenCircuitVoltageMethod

A technique used to measure the voltage of a cell under a low applied current as an estimate for the open-circuit voltage.
has super-classes
Chronopotentiometryc

PulsedElectroacousticMethodc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#PulsedElectroacousticMethod

The pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method is an established method for space charge measurements in polymeric dielectrics.
has super-classes
ChargeDistributionc

RamanSpectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#RamanSpectroscopy

Raman spectroscopy (/ˈrɑːmən/) (named after physicist C. V. Raman) is a spectroscopic technique typically used to determine vibrational modes of molecules, although rotational and other low-frequency modes of systems may also be observed. Raman spectroscopy is commonly used in chemistry to provide a structural fingerprint by which molecules can be identified. Raman spectroscopy relies upon inelastic scattering of photons, known as Raman scattering. A source of monochromatic light, usually from a laser in the visible, near infrared, or near ultraviolet range is used, although X-rays can also be used. The laser light interacts with molecular vibrations, phonons or other excitations in the system, resulting in the energy of the laser photons being shifted up or down. The shift in energy gives information about the vibrational modes in the system. Infrared spectroscopy typically yields similar yet complementary information. Typically, a sample is illuminated with a laser beam. Electromagnetic radiation from the illuminated spot is collected with a lens and sent through a monochromator. Elastic scattered radiation at the wavelength corresponding to the laser line (Rayleigh scattering) is filtered out by either a notch filter, edge pass filter, or a band pass filter, while the rest of the collected light is dispersed onto a detector.
has super-classes
Spectroscopyc

Rationalec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Rationale

A set of reasons or a logical basis for a decision or belief.
has super-classes
e m m o 50ea1ec5 f157 41b0 b46b a9032f17ca10
is in domain of
rationaleHasCharacterisationProcedureop, rationaleHasUserCaseop

RawDatac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#RawData

Direct output of the equipment with the manufacturer’s software including automatic pre-processing that is not modified by the user once the acquisition method is defined and the equipment calibrated. The raw data is a set of (unprocessed) data that is given directly as output from the detector, usually expressed as a function of time or position, or photon energy. In mechanical testing, examples of raw data are raw-force, raw-displacement, coordinates as function of time. In spectroscopic testing, the raw data are light intensity, or refractive index, or optical absorption as a function of the energy (or wavelength) of the incident light beam. In some cases, raw data can be considered to have already some level of data processing, e.g., in electron microscopy a “raw image” that is formed on the screen is already result from multiple processing after the signal is acquired by the detector.
has super-classes
e m m o 0f6f0120 c079 4d95 bb11 4ddee05e530e
CharacterisationDatac
is in domain of
hasDataAcquisitionRateop

RawSamplec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#RawSample

has super-classes
Samplec

ReferenceSamplec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ReferenceSample

Material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with respect to one or more specified properties, which has been established to be fit for its intended use in a measurement process. From the International Vocabulary of Metrology (VIM): Material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with reference to one or more specified properties, which has been established to be fit for its intended use in measurement or in examination. NOTE 1 Reference materials can be certified reference materials or reference materials without a certified property value. NOTE 2 For a reference material to be used as a measurement standard for calibration purposes it needs to be a certified reference material. NOTE 3 Reference materials can be used for measurement precision evaluation and quality control. EXAMPLE Human serum without an assigned quantity value for the amount-of-substance concentration of the inherent cholesterol, used for quality control. NOTE 4 Properties of reference materials can be quantities or nominal properties. NOTE 5 A reference material is sometimes incorporated into a specially fabricated device. EXAMPLE Spheres of uniform size mounted on a microscope slide. NOTE 6 Some reference materials have assigned values in a unit outside the SI. Such materials include vaccines to which International Units (IU) have been assigned by the World Health Organization. NOTE 7 A given reference material can only be used for one purpose in a measurement, either calibration or quality control, but not both. NOTE 8 ISO/REMCO has an analogous definition but uses the term “measurement process” (ISO Guide 30, Reference materials – Selected terms and definitions, definition 2.1.1) for both measurement and examination. From [ISO 17858:2007]: Quality control sample used to determine accuracy and precision of method.
has super-classes
Samplec
is in range of
hasReferenceSampleop
is disjoint with
PreparedSamplec

ResourceIdentifierc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/spar/datacite/ResourceIdentifier

is in range of
hasPeerReviewedArticleop

Samplec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Sample

Portion of material selected from a larger quantity of material. The term needs to be qualified, e.g., bulk sample, representative sample, primary sample, bulked sample, test sample, etc. The term 'sample' implies the existence of a sampling error, i.e., the results obtained on the portions taken are only estimates of the concentration of a constituent or the quantity of a property present in the parent material. Sample and Specimen are often used interchangeably. However in some cases the term Specimen is used to specify a portion taken under conditions such that the sampling variability cannot be assessed (usually because the population is changing), and is assumed, for convenience, to be zero.
has super-classes
e m m o 90ae56e4 d197 49b6 be1a 0049e4756606
has sub-classes
CharacterisedSamplec, DeviceSamplec, IntermediateSamplec, PreparedSamplec, RawSamplec, ReferenceSamplec
is in domain of
hasCharacterisationPropertyop
is in range of
hasInteractionWithSampleop, hasMeasurementSampleop, hasSampleForInspectionop, hasSampleForPreparationop, hasSampledSampleop

SampledDCPolarographyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SampledDCPolarography

DC polarography with current sampling at the end of each drop life mechanically enforced by a knocker at a preset drop time value. The current sampling and mechanical drop dislodge are synchronized. In this way, the ratio of faradaic current to double layer charging current is enhanced and the negative influence of charging current is partially eliminated. Due to the improved signal (faradaic current) to noise (charging current) ratio, the limit of detection is lowered.
has super-classes
DCPolarographyc

SampleExtractionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SampleExtraction

Act of extracting a portion (amount) of material from a larger quantity of material. This operation results in obtaining a sample representative of the batch with respect to the property or properties being investigated. The term can be used to cover either a unit of supply or a portion for analysis. The portion taken may consist of one or more sub-samples and the batch may be the population from which the sample is taken.
has super-classes
CharacterisationProcedurec
e m m o 36e69413 8c59 4799 946c 10b05d266e22 some e m m o 4207e895 8b83 4318 996a 72cfb32acd94
e m m o c4bace1d 4db0 4cd3 87e9 18122bae2840 some Samplec
has sub-classes
SampleExtractionByCuttingc
is in domain of
hasSampledSampleop
is disjoint with
CalibrationProcessc, CharacterisationDataValidationc, CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc, DataAnalysisc, DataPostProcessingc, DataPreparationc, SampleInspectionc, SamplePreparationc

SampleExtractionByCuttingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SampleExtractionByCutting

has super-classes
e m m o d5f98475 00ce 4987 99fb 262aed395e46
SampleExtractionc
is disjoint with
e m m o 1d6b63d5 9938 483c ad62 a09ac34153c9, SamplePreparationByCuttingc

SampleExtractionInstrumentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SampleExtractionInstrument

has super-classes
CharacterisationHardwarec

SampleInspectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SampleInspection

Analysis of the sample in order to determine information that are relevant for the characterisation method. In the Nanoindentation method, the Scanning Electron Microscope to determine the indentation area is a SampleInspection.
has super-classes
CharacterisationProcedurec
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 some Samplec
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 some SampleInspectionInstrumentc
e m m o 36e69413 8c59 4799 946c 10b05d266e22 some SampleInspectionParameterc
e m m o c4bace1d 4db0 4cd3 87e9 18122bae2840 some CharacterisationDatac
is in domain of
hasSampleForInspectionop, hasSampleInspectionInstrumentop, hasSampleInspectionParameterop
is disjoint with
CalibrationProcessc, CharacterisationDataValidationc, CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc, DataAnalysisc, DataPostProcessingc, DataPreparationc, SampleExtractionc, SamplePreparationc

SampleInspectionInstrumentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SampleInspectionInstrument

has super-classes
CharacterisationHardwarec

SampleInspectionParameterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SampleInspectionParameter

Parameter used for the sample inspection process.
has super-classes
e m m o d1d436e7 72fc 49cd 863b 7bfb4ba5276a
is in range of
hasSampleInspectionParameterop

SamplePreparationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SamplePreparation

Sample preparation processes (e.g., machining, polishing, cutting to size, etc.) before actual observation and measurement.
has super-classes
CharacterisationProcedurec
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77 some SamplePreparationInstrumentc
e m m o 36e69413 8c59 4799 946c 10b05d266e22 some Samplec
e m m o 36e69413 8c59 4799 946c 10b05d266e22 some SamplePreparationParameterc
e m m o c4bace1d 4db0 4cd3 87e9 18122bae2840 some Samplec
has sub-classes
Grindingc, Millingc, Mountingc, Polishingc, SamplePreparationByCuttingc
is in domain of
hasHolderop, hasSampleForPreparationop, hasSamplePreparationInstrumentop, hasSamplePreparationParameterop
is disjoint with
CalibrationProcessc, CharacterisationDataValidationc, CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc, DataAnalysisc, DataPostProcessingc, DataPreparationc, SampleExtractionc, SampleInspectionc

SamplePreparationByCuttingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SamplePreparationByCutting

has super-classes
e m m o d5f98475 00ce 4987 99fb 262aed395e46
SamplePreparationc
is disjoint with
e m m o 1d6b63d5 9938 483c ad62 a09ac34153c9, SampleExtractionByCuttingc

SamplePreparationInstrumentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SamplePreparationInstrument

has super-classes
CharacterisationHardwarec
is in range of
hasSamplePreparationInstrumentop

SamplePreparationParameterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SamplePreparationParameter

Parameter used for the sample preparation process.
has super-classes
e m m o d1d436e7 72fc 49cd 863b 7bfb4ba5276a
is in range of
hasSamplePreparationParameterop

ScanningAugerElectronMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ScanningAugerElectronMicroscopy

Auger electron spectroscopy (AES or simply Auger) is a surface analysis technique that uses an electron beam to excite electrons on atoms in the particle. Atoms that are excited by the electron beam can emit “Auger” electrons. AES measures the kinetic energies of the emitted electrons. The energy of the emitted electrons is characteristic of elements present at the surface and near the surface of a sample.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

ScanningElectronMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ScanningElectronMicroscopy

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) uses a focused beam of high-energy electrons to generate a variety of signals at the surface of solid specimens. The signals that derive from electron-sample interactions reveal information about the sample including external morphology (texture), chemical composition, and crystalline structure and orientation of materials making up the sample.
has super-classes
Microscopyc
has sub-classes
ElectronBackscatterDiffractionc

ScanningKelvinProbec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ScanningKelvinProbe

Scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) are probe techniques which permit mapping of topography and Volta potential distribution on electrode surfaces. It measures the surface electrical potential of a sample without requiring an actual physical contact.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

ScanningProbeMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ScanningProbeMicroscopy

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a branch of microscopy that forms images of surfaces using a physical probe that scans the specimen.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

ScanningTunnelingMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ScanningTunnelingMicroscopy

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, or STM, is an imaging technique used to obtain ultra-high resolution images at the atomic scale, without using light or electron beams.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

ScatteringAndDiffractionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ScatteringAndDiffraction

has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
ElectronBackscatterDiffractionc, Synchrotronc, XrayDiffractionc, XrdGrazingIncidencec

SecondaryDatac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SecondaryData

Data resulting from the application of post-processing or model generation to other data. Examples include: deconvoluted curves, intensity maps.
has super-classes
CharacterisationDatac

SecondaryIonMassSpectrometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SecondaryIonMassSpectrometry

Secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a technique used to analyze the composition of solid surfaces and thin films by sputtering the surface of the specimen with a focused primary ion beam and collecting and analyzing ejected secondary ions.
has super-classes
Spectrometryc

ShearOrTorsionTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ShearOrTorsionTesting

has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc
is disjoint with
CompressionTestingc, CreepTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FatigueTestingc, FibDicc, HardnessTestingc, Nanoindentationc, TensileTestingc, WearTestingc

Signalc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Signal

Result (effect) of the interaction between the sample and the probe, which usually is a measurable and quantifiable quantity. According to UPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, a “signal” is “A representation of a quantity within an analytical instrument” (https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/S05661). Signal is usually emitted from a characteristic “emission” volume, which can be different from the sample/probe “interaction” volume and can be usually quantified using proper physics equations and/or modelling of the interaction mechanisms.
has super-classes
CharacterisationDatac

Spectrometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Spectrometry

Spectroscopic techniques are numerous and varied, but all involve measuring the response of a material to different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. Depending on the technique used, material characterization may be based on the absorption, emission, impedance, or reflection of incident energy by a sample.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
AlphaSpectrometryc, GammaSpectrometryc, IonMobilitySpectrometryc, MassSpectrometryc, SecondaryIonMassSpectrometryc

Spectroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Spectroscopy

Spectroscopy is a category of characterization techniques which use a range of principles to reveal the chemical composition, composition variation, crystal structure and photoelectric properties of materials.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
DielectricAndImpedanceSpectroscopyc, DynamicMechanicalSpectroscopyc, EnergyDispersiveXraySpectroscopyc, Exafsc, FourierTransformInfraredSpectroscopyc, NeutronSpinEchoSpectroscopyc, Nexafsc, NuclearMagneticResonancec, RamanSpectroscopyc, XpsVariableKineticc

SquareWaveVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#SquareWaveVoltammetry

Voltammetry in which a square-wave potential waveform is superimposed on an underlying linearly varying potential ramp or staircase ramp. Most instruments show plots of the current at the end of the forward-going pulse and of the backward-going pulse vs. the potential, as well as their difference. This can give valuable information on the kinetics of the electrode reaction and the electrode process. The current is sampled just before the end of the forward- going pulse and of the backward-going pulse and the difference of the two sampled currents is plotted versus the applied potential of the potential or staircase ramp. The square-wave voltammogram is peak-shaped. The sensitivity of SWV depends on the reversibility of the electrode reaction of the analyte.
has super-classes
Voltammetryc

StepChronopotentiometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#StepChronopotentiometry

Chronopotentiometry where the applied current is changed in steps.
has super-classes
Chronopotentiometryc

StrippingVoltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#StrippingVoltammetry

Two-step electrochemical measurement in which 1) material is accumulated at an electrode and 2) the amount of an accumulated species is measured by voltammetry. The measured electric current in step 2 is related to the concentration of analyte in the solution by calibration. Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) was historically used to measure concentrations of metal ions in solution using cathodic accumulation with mercury to form an amalgam. Due to the toxicity of mercury and its compounds, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry have frequently replaced ASV at mercury electrodes in the laboratory, often sacrificing the probing of speciation and lability in complex matrices. Mercury has now been replaced by non-toxic bismuth or anti- mony as films on a solid electrode support (such as glassy carbon) with equally good sensi- tivity and detection limits. Because the accumulation (pre-concentration) step can be prolonged, increasing the amount of material at the electrode, stripping voltammetry is able to measure very small concentrations of analyte. Often the product of the electrochemical stripping is identical to the analyte before the accumulation. Stripping voltammetry is a calibrated method to establish the relation between amount accumulated in a given time and the concentration of the analyte in solution. Types of stripping voltammetry refer to the kind of accumulation (e.g. adsorptive stripping voltammetry) or the polarity of the stripping electrochemistry (anodic, cathodic stripping voltammetry).
has super-classes
Voltammetryc
has sub-classes
AdsorptiveStrippingVoltammetryc, AnodicStrippingVoltammetryc, CathodicStrippingVoltammetryc

Synchrotronc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Synchrotron

has super-classes
ScatteringAndDiffractionc

TensileTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#TensileTesting

Tensile testing, also known as tension testing, is a test in which a sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure. Properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation and reduction in area. From these measurements the following properties can also be determined: Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, yield strength, and strain-hardening characteristics. Uniaxial tensile testing is the most commonly used for obtaining the mechanical characteristics of isotropic materials. Some materials use biaxial tensile testing. The main difference between these testing machines being how load is applied on the materials.
has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc
is disjoint with
CompressionTestingc, CreepTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FatigueTestingc, FibDicc, HardnessTestingc, Nanoindentationc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, WearTestingc

ThermochemicalTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ThermochemicalTesting

Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) is a technique used in thermal analysis, a branch of materials science which studies the properties of materials as they change with temperature.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
Calorimetryc, DifferentialScanningCalorimetryc, DifferentialThermalAnalysisc, IsothermalMicrocalorimetryc, Thermogravimetryc

Thermogravimetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Thermogravimetry

Thermogravimetric analysis or thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) is a method of thermal analysis in which the mass of a sample is measured over time as the temperature changes. This measurement provides information about physical phenomena, such as phase transitions, absorption, adsorption and desorption; as well as chemical phenomena including chemisorptions, thermal decomposition, and solid-gas reactions (e.g., oxidation or reduction).
has super-classes
ThermochemicalTestingc

ThreePointBendingTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#ThreePointBendingTesting

Method of mechanical testing that provides values for the modulus of elasticity in bending, flexural stress, flexural strain, and the flexural stress–strain response of a material sample.
has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc

Tomographyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Tomography

Tomography is imaging by sections or sectioning that uses any kind of penetrating wave. The method is used in radiology, archaeology, biology, atmospheric science, geophysics, oceanography, plasma physics, materials science, cosmochemistry, astrophysics, quantum information, and other areas of science. The word tomography is derived from Ancient Greek τόμος tomos, "slice, section" and γράφω graphō, "to write" or, in this context as well, "to describe." A device used in tomography is called a tomograph, while the image produced is a tomogram.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec
has sub-classes
AtomProbeTomographyc

TransmissionElectronMicroscopyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#TransmissionElectronMicroscopy

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a microscopy technique in which a beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to form an image. The specimen is most often an ultrathin section less than 100 nm thick or a suspension on a grid. An image is formed from the interaction of the electrons with the sample as the beam is transmitted through the specimen. The image is then magnified and focused onto an imaging device, such as a fluorescent screen, a layer of photographic film, or a sensor such as a scintillator attached to a charge-coupled device.
has super-classes
Microscopyc

UltrasonicTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#UltrasonicTesting

Ultrasonic testing (UT) is a family of non-destructive testing techniques based on the propagation of ultrasonic waves in the object or material tested. In most common UT applications, very short ultrasonic pulse-waves with center frequencies ranging from 0.1-15 MHz, and occasionally up to 50 MHz, are transmitted into materials to detect internal flaws or to characterize materials. A common example is ultrasonic thickness measurement, which tests the thickness of the test object, for example, to monitor pipework corrosion. Ultrasonic testing is often performed on steel and other metals and alloys, though it can also be used on concrete, wood and composites, albeit with less resolution. It is used in many industries including steel and aluminium construction, metallurgy, manufacturing, aerospace, automotive and other transportation sectors.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec

UserCasec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#UserCase

High level description of the user case. It can include the properties of the material, the conditions of the environment and possibly mentioning which are the industrial sectors of reference.
has super-classes
e m m o 50ea1ec5 f157 41b0 b46b a9032f17ca10
is in range of
rationaleHasUserCaseop

VaporPressureDepressionOsmometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#VaporPressureDepressionOsmometry

Vapor pressure osmometry measures vapor pressure indirectly by measuring the change in temperature of a polymer solution on dilution by solvent vapor and is generally useful for polymers with Mn below 10,000–40,000 g/mol. When molecular weight is more than that limit, the quantity being measured becomes very small to detect.
has super-classes
Osmometryc

Viscometryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Viscometry

Viscometry or viscosity method was one of the first methods used for determining the MW of polymers. In this method, the viscosity of polymer solution is measured, and the simplest method used is capillary viscometry by using the Ubbelohde U-tube viscometer. In this method, both the flow time of the polymer solution (t) and the flow time of the pure solvent (t0) are recorded. The ratio of the polymer solution flow time (t) to the flow time of pure solvent (t0) is equal to the ratio of their viscosities (η/η0) only if they have the same densities.
has super-classes
CharacterisationTechniquec

Voltammetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#Voltammetry

Voltammetry is an analytical technique based on the measure of the current flowing through an electrode dipped in a solution containing electro-active compounds, while a potential scanning is imposed upon it. The current vs. potential (I-E) curve is called a voltammogram.
has super-classes
ElectrochemicalTestingc
has sub-classes
ACVoltammetryc, AbrasiveStrippingVoltammetryc, CyclicVoltammetryc, DCPolarographyc, DifferentialPulseVoltammetryc, HydrodynamicVoltammetryc, LinearScanVoltammetryc, NormalPulseVoltammetryc, PotentiometricStrippingAnalysisc, SquareWaveVoltammetryc, StrippingVoltammetryc

VoltammetryAtARotatingDiskElectrodec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#VoltammetryAtARotatingDiskElectrode

Hydrodynamic voltammetry using a a rotating disc electrode, where the limiting current is described by the Levich equation.
has super-classes
HydrodynamicVoltammetryc

WearTestingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#WearTesting

A wear test measures the changes in conditions caused by friction, and the result is obtained from deformation, scratches, and indentations on the interacting surfaces. Wear is defined as the progressive removal of the material from a solid surface and manifested by a change in the geometry of the surface.
has super-classes
MechanicalTestingc
is disjoint with
CompressionTestingc, CreepTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FatigueTestingc, FibDicc, HardnessTestingc, Nanoindentationc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, TensileTestingc

XpsVariableKineticc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#XpsVariableKinetic

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), also known as ESCA (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis) is a surface analysis technique which provides both elemental and chemical state information virtually without restriction on the type of material which can be analysed. It is a relatively simple technique where the sample is illuminated with X-rays which have enough energy to eject an electron from the atom. These ejected electrons are known as photoelectrons. The kinetic energy of these emitted electrons is characteristic of the element from which the photoelectron originated. The position and intensity of the peaks in an energy spectrum provide the desired chemical state and quantitative information. The surface sensitivity of XPS is determined by the distance that that photoelectron can travel through the material without losing any kinteic energy. These elastiaclly scattered photoelectrons contribute to the photoelectron peak, whilst photoelectrons that have been inelastically scattered, losing some kinetic energy before leaving the material, will contribute to the spectral background.
has super-classes
Spectroscopyc

XrayDiffractionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#XrayDiffraction

A technique used to analyze the atomic and molecular structure of crystalline materials by observing the diffraction patterns produced when X-rays interact with the regular array of atoms in the crystal lattice.
has super-classes
ScatteringAndDiffractionc
has sub-classes
XrayPowderDiffractionc

XrayPowderDiffractionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#XrayPowderDiffraction

A method for analyzing the crystal structure of powdered materials by measuring the diffraction patterns produced when X-rays interact with randomly oriented crystallites within the sample.
has super-classes
XrayDiffractionc

XrdGrazingIncidencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#XrdGrazingIncidence

has super-classes
ScatteringAndDiffractionc

Object Properties

hasAccessConditionsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasAccessConditions

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
CharacterisationTechniquec
has range
AccessConditionsc

hasBeginCharacterisationTaskop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasBeginCharacterisationTask

has super-properties
e m m o 4ab7fb52 cec3 4c00 90c0 5648f01e3296
has domain
CharacterisationWorkflowc
has range
CharacterisationTaskc

hasBPMNDiagramop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasBPMNDiagram

has super-properties
e m m o 39c3815d 8cae 4c8f b2ff eeba24bec455
has range
BPMNDiagramc

hasCharacterisationComponentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasCharacterisationComponent

has super-properties
e m m o 3c7f239f e833 4a2b 98a1 c88831770c1b

hasCharacterisationEnvironmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasCharacterisationEnvironment

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
CharacterisationProcedurec
has range
CharacterisationEnvironmentc

hasCharacterisationEnvironmentPropertyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasCharacterisationEnvironmentProperty

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
CharacterisationEnvironmentc
has range
CharacterisationEnvironmentPropertyc

hasCharacterisationInputop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasCharacterisationInput

has super-properties
e m m o 36e69413 8c59 4799 946c 10b05d266e22
has domain
CharacterisationProcedurec
has range
CharacterisationDatac

hasCharacterisationMeasurementInstrumentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasCharacterisationMeasurementInstrument

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc
has range
CharacterisationMeasurementInstrumentc

hasCharacterisationOutputop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasCharacterisationOutput

has super-properties
e m m o c4bace1d 4db0 4cd3 87e9 18122bae2840
has domain
CharacterisationProcedurec
has range
CharacterisationDatac

hasCharacterisationProcedureValidationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasCharacterisationProcedureValidation

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
CharacterisationTechniquec
has range
CharacterisationProcedureValidationc

hasCharacterisationPropertyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasCharacterisationProperty

has super-properties
e m m o fd689787 31b0 41cf bf03 0d69af76469d
has domain
Samplec
has range
CharacterisationPropertyc

hasCharacterisationSoftwareop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasCharacterisationSoftware

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has range
CharacterisationSoftwarec

hasCharacterisationTaskop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasCharacterisationTask

has super-properties
e m m o 70da982d 1810 4b01 9630 a28e216ecd9a
has domain
CharacterisationWorkflowc
has range
CharacterisationTaskc

hasDataAcquisitionRateop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasDataAcquisitionRate

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
RawDatac
has range
DataAcquisitionRatec

hasDataProcessingThroughCalibrationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasDataProcessingThroughCalibration

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc
has range
DataProcessingThroughCalibrationc

hasDataQualityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasDataQuality

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
DataPostProcessingc
has range
DataQualityc

hasDatasetop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasDataset

has super-properties
e m m o 60577dea 9019 4537 ac41 80b0fb563d41
has range
e m m o 194e367c 9783 4bf5 96d0 9ad597d48d9a

hasEndCharacterisationTaskop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasEndCharacterisationTask

has super-properties
e m m o 92227f7f 22e9 4b19 a011 920eac3c7b75
has domain
CharacterisationWorkflowc
has range
CharacterisationTaskc

hasHardwareSpecificationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasHardwareSpecification

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
CharacterisationHardwarec
has range
CharacterisationHardwareSpecificationc

hasHazardop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasHazard

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has range
Hazardc

hasHolderop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasHolder

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
SamplePreparationc
has range
Holderc

hasInstrumentForCalibrationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasInstrumentForCalibration

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
CalibrationProcessc
has range
CharacterisationMeasurementInstrumentc

hasInteractionVolumeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasInteractionVolume

has super-properties
e m m o ae2d1a96 bfa1 409a a7d2 03d69e8a125a
has domain
ProbeSampleInteractionc
has range
InteractionVolumec

hasInteractionWithProbeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasInteractionWithProbe

has super-properties
e m m o ae2d1a96 bfa1 409a a7d2 03d69e8a125a
has domain
ProbeSampleInteractionc
has range
Probec

hasInteractionWithSampleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasInteractionWithSample

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
ProbeSampleInteractionc
has range
Samplec

hasLabop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasLab

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has range
Laboratoryc

hasLevelOfAutomationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasLevelOfAutomation

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
CharacterisationTechniquec
has range
LevelOfAutomationc

hasMeasurementDetectorop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasMeasurementDetector

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has range
Detectorc

hasMeasurementParameterop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasMeasurementParameter

has super-properties
e m m o 36e69413 8c59 4799 946c 10b05d266e22
has domain
CharacterisationProcedurec
has range
MeasurementParameterc

hasMeasurementProbeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasMeasurementProbe

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has range
Probec

hasMeasurementSampleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasMeasurementSample

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc
has range
Samplec

hasMeasurementTimeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasMeasurementTime

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc
has range
MeasurementTimec

hasOperatorop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasOperator

has super-properties
e m m o cd24eb82 a11c 4a31 96ea 32f870c5580a
has range
Operatorc

hasPeerReviewedArticleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasPeerReviewedArticle

has super-properties
e m m o eb3518bf f799 4f9e 8c3e ce59af11453b
has domain
CharacterisationProcedureValidationc
has range
ResourceIdentifierc

hasPhysicsOfInteractionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasPhysicsOfInteraction

has super-properties
e m m o 24c71baf 6db6 48b9 86c8 8c70cf36db0c
has domain
ProbeSampleInteractionc
has range
PhysicsOfInteractionc

hasPostProcessingModelop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasPostProcessingModel

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
DataPostProcessingc
has range
PostProcessingModelc

hasProcessingReproducibilityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasProcessingReproducibility

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has domain
DataPostProcessingc
has range
ProcessingReproducibilityc

hasReferenceSampleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasReferenceSample

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
CalibrationProcessc
has range
ReferenceSamplec

hasSampledSampleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasSampledSample

has super-properties
e m m o c4bace1d 4db0 4cd3 87e9 18122bae2840
has domain
SampleExtractionc
has range
Samplec

hasSampleForInspectionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasSampleForInspection

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
SampleInspectionc
has range
Samplec

hasSampleForPreparationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasSampleForPreparation

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
SamplePreparationc
has range
Samplec

hasSampleInspectionInstrumentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasSampleInspectionInstrument

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
SampleInspectionc

hasSampleInspectionParameterop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasSampleInspectionParameter

has super-properties
e m m o 36e69413 8c59 4799 946c 10b05d266e22
has domain
SampleInspectionc
has range
SampleInspectionParameterc

hasSamplePreparationInstrumentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasSamplePreparationInstrument

has super-properties
e m m o 35c29eb6 f57e 48d8 85af 854f9e926e77
has domain
SamplePreparationc
has range
SamplePreparationInstrumentc

hasSamplePreparationParameterop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasSamplePreparationParameter

has super-properties
e m m o 36e69413 8c59 4799 946c 10b05d266e22
has domain
SamplePreparationc
has range
SamplePreparationParameterc

rationaleHasCharacterisationProcedureop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#rationaleHasCharacterisationProcedure

has super-properties
top object property
has domain
Rationalec
has range
CharacterisationProcedurec

rationaleHasUserCaseop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#rationaleHasUserCase

has domain
Rationalec
has range
UserCasec

requiresLevelOfExpertiseop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#requiresLevelOfExpertise

has super-properties
e m m o e1097637 70d2 4895 973f 2396f04fa204
has range
LevelOfExpertisec

Data Properties

hasDateOfCalibrationdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo/hasDateOfCalibration

has super-properties
top data property
has domain
CharacterisationMeasurementInstrumentc
has range
date time

hasManufacturerdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasManufacturer

A string representing the Manufacturer of a CharacterisationHardware
has super-properties
top data property
has domain
CharacterisationHardwarec
has range
string

hasModeldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasModel

A string representing the model of a CharacterisationHardware
has super-properties
top data property
has domain
CharacterisationHardwarec
has range
string

hasUniqueIDdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#hasUniqueID

A string representing the UniqueID of a CharacterisationHardware
has super-properties
top data property
has domain
CharacterisationHardwarec
has range
string

Named Individuals

Daniele Totini back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9668-6961

belongs to
personc

Gerhard Goldbeckni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4181-2852

belongs to
personc

Pierluigi Del Nostroni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5174-8508

belongs to
personc

Annotation Properties

alternativeap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/alternative

bibliographic citationap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/bibliographicCitation

createdap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/created

descriptionap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/description

doiap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/doi

has formatap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/hasFormat

homepageap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage

identifierap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier

issuedap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/issued

logoap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/logo

modifiedap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/modified

nameap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name

pageap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/page

preferred namespace prefixap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespacePrefix

preferred namespace uriap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespaceUri

preflabelap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#preflabel

sourceap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/source

statusap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/status

General Axioms

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

e m m o 1d6b63d5 9938 483c ad62 a09ac34153c9, SampleExtractionByCuttingc, SamplePreparationByCuttingc

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

CalibrationProcessc, CharacterisationDataValidationc, CharacterisationMeasurementProcessc, DataAnalysisc, DataPostProcessingc, DataPreparationc, SampleExtractionc, SampleInspectionc, SamplePreparationc

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

CompressionTestingc, CreepTestingc, DynamicMechanicalAnalysisc, FatigueTestingc, FibDicc, HardnessTestingc, Nanoindentationc, ShearOrTorsionTestingc, TensileTestingc, WearTestingc

Namespace Declarations back to ToC

default namespace
https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo#
1-0-0-beta5
https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/1.0.0-beta5/
1-0-0-beta7
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/
bibo
http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/
chameo
https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/chameo/
characterisation-methodology
https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/characterisation-methodology/
datacite
http://purl.org/spar/datacite/
disciplines
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/disciplines/
emmo
https://w3id.org/emmo#
emmo-repo
https://github.com/emmo-repo/
foaf
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
multiperspective
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/multiperspective/
orcid-org
https://orcid.org/
owl
http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
perspectives
https://w3id.org/emmo/1.0.0-beta7/perspectives/
rdf
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
skos
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
terms
http://purl.org/dc/terms/
vann
http://purl.org/vocab/vann/
xsd
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

This HTML document was obtained by processing the OWL ontology source code through LODE, Live OWL Documentation Environment, developed by Silvio Peroni .