bibliography
type: Class
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    union of: chapter
    union of: section
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: BibliographicReference
    on property: hasPart
comment: A document section containing a list of bibliographic references.

DoCO, the Document Components Ontology
creator: David Shotton
creator: Silvio Peroni
imports: deo
description: DoCO, the Document Components Ontology, provides a structured vocabulary written in OWL 2 DL of document components, both structural (e.g. block, inline, paragraph, section, chapter) and rhetorical (e.g. introduction, discussion, acknowledgements, reference list, figure, appendix), enabling these components, and documents composed of them, to be described in RDF. It imports the Discourse Elements Ontology (http://purl.org/spar/deo) and the Document Structural Patterns Ontology (http://purl.org/spar/po), and uses seven rhetorical block elements abstracted from the SALT Rhetorical Ontology and the Ontology of Rhetorical Blocks (ORB).
date: 2015-07-03
prior version: 2014-05-14 doco-1 2.owl
comment: This ontology is available at http://purl.org/spar/doco, and uses the namespace prefix doco.
comment: The Document Components Ontology (DoCO) in an ontology that provides a structured vocabulary written of document components, both structural (e.g., block, inline, paragraph, section, chapter) and rhetorical (e.g., introduction, discussion, acknowledgements, reference list, figure, appendix). **URL:** http://purl.org/spar/doco **Creators**: [David Shotton](http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5506-523X), [Silvio Peroni](http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-4305) **License:** [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) **Website:** http://www.sparontologies.net/ontologies/doco **Cite as:** Constantin, A., Peroni, S., Pettifer, S., Shotton, D., Vitali, F. (2016). The Document Components Ontology (DoCO). In Semantic Web, 7 (2): 167-181. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/SW-150177
type: Ontology
version IRI: 2015-07-03
imports: po
rights: This work is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
version info: 1.3

section label
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isPartOf
  some values from: section
subclass of: label
comment: A block containing a label for the section, that may include the section number.
type: Class

subtitle
type: Class
subclass of: Block
comment: An explanatory or alternative title of a publication. For example, Mary Shelley uses the alternative title 'The Modern Prometheus' to hint at the theme of her most famous novel 'Frankenstein'; Nick Efford uses the subtitle 'a practical introduction using Java' to qualify the title of his book 'Digital Image Processing'.
subclass of: DiscourseElement

table label
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: label
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: isPartOf
    some values from: table box
comment: A block containing a label for the table box, that may include the table number.
type: Class

colophon
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: section
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: isPartOf
    some values from: Class
      union of: back matter
      union of: front matter
type: Class
comment: A brief description of publication or production notes relevant to the document.

simple run-in quotation
type: Class
comment: A textual quotation that is included inline and is usually enclosed within quotation marks.
subclass of: Inline

label
type: Class
subclass of: DiscourseElement
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isContainedBy
  some values from: Class
    union of: Block
    union of: Container
comment: A block containing text, that may include a number (e.g., "Chapter Three", "3.2", "Figure 1", "Table"), used to identify an item within the document, for example a chapter, a figure, a section or a table.

abstract
type: Class
comment: A brief summary of a book, a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject or discipline, the purpose of which is to help the reader quickly ascertain the publication's purpose.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    union of: chapter
    union of: section
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: isPartOf
    some values from: Class
      union of: body matter
      union of: front matter
equivalent class: Abstract

list of organizations
comment: A list of items, each denoting an organization or institution related to the publication, for example the authors' affiliations, or the suppliers of information, software, equipment or consumables used in the work described in the publication.
subclass of: list of agents
type: Class

list of contributors
type: Class
comment: A list of items, each denoting a contributor to a publication such as an encyclopedia or a text book, where such contributions are insufficient to warrant classification as author.
subclass of: list of agents

list of references
comment: A list of items each representing a reference to a specific part of the same document, or to another publication.
type: Class
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: list
  intersection of: Restriction
    all values from: Reference
    on property: contains

afterword
type: Class
comment: A literary device that is often found at the end of a piece of literature. It generally covers the story of how the book came into being, or how the idea for the book was developed. Alternatively, it may be written by someone other than the author of the book, and may discuss the work's historical or cultural context, if the work is being reissued many years after its original publication.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: section
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: back matter
    on property: isPartOf

chapter
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: Class
    union of: paragraph
    union of: section
  on property: contains
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: Class
    complement of: chapter
  on property: contains
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: DiscourseElement
  intersection of: HeadedContainer
type: Class
comment: A principle division of the body matter of a large document, such as a book, a report or a legislative document.

chapter subtitle
subclass of: subtitle
disjoint with: section subtitle
type: Class
comment: The subtitle of a chapter.
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isPartOf
  some values from: chapter

chapter label
type: Class
disjoint with: section label
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: label
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: chapter
    on property: isPartOf
comment: A block containing a label for the chapter, that may include the chapter number.

text box
type: Class
subclass of: DiscourseElement
comment: A space within a document that contains textual content relating to, quoting from or expanding upon the main text. Usually a textbox is delimited by a border or use of a background colour distinct from that of the main text.
subclass of: Container

footnote
type: Class
subclass of: DiscourseElement
comment: A structure within a sentence that permits the author to make a comment or to cite another publication in support of the text, or both. A footnote is normally flagged by a superscript number immediately following that portion of the text to which it relates. For convenience of reading, the text of the footnote is usually printed at the bottom of the page or at the end of a text.
subclass of: Class
  union of: Container
  union of: Popup

text chunk
type: Class
subclass of: Inline
comment: A piece of text defined by a start point and an end point.

formula box
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    intersection of: DiscourseElement
    intersection of: Container
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: formula
    on property: hasPart
comment: A space within a document that contains one or more formulae.
type: Class

sentence
subclass of: DiscourseElement
comment: An expression in natural language forming a single grammatical unit. A sentence minimally consists of a subject and an intransitive verb, or a subject, a transitive verb and an object, and may include additional dependent clauses. In written text, a sentence is always terminated by a full stop. A sentence can include words grouped meaningfully to express a statement, a question, an exclamation, a request or a command.
subclass of: Inline
type: Class

figure
subclass of: DiscourseElement
comment: A communication object comprising one or more graphics, drawings, images, or other visual representations..
subclass of: Class
  union of: Meta
  union of: Milestone
type: Class

foreword
comment: A section in a book or report, usually written by someone other than the author, that introduces or commends the document to the reader. It may include description of the interaction between the writer of the foreword and the author.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: section
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: front matter
    on property: isPartOf
type: Class

figure box
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: captioned box
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: hasPart
    some values from: figure
type: Class
comment: A space within a document that contains a figure and its caption.
disjoint with: table box

complex run-in quotation
comment: A quotation with a complex structure, that is included inline and is usually enclosed within quotation marks.
type: Class
subclass of: Popup
subclass of: DiscourseElement

section title
type: Class
subclass of: title
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isContainedByAsHeader
  some values from: section
comment: The title of a section.

chapter title
subclass of: title
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: chapter
  on property: isContainedByAsHeader
disjoint with: section title
type: Class
comment: The title of a chapter.

list of agents
comment: A list of items each denoting an agent, such as an author, a contributor or an organization, related to a particular publication.
type: Class
disjoint with: list of references
subclass of: list

back matter
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isContainedBy
  all values from: Class
    complement of: Class
      union of: back matter
      union of: body matter
      union of: front matter
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: DiscourseElement
  intersection of: Container
comment: The final principle part of a document, in which is usually found the bibliography, index, appendixes, etc.

figure label
type: Class
comment: A block containing a label for the figure box, that may include the figure number.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: label
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: isPartOf
    some values from: figure box

line
subclass of: Block
subclass of: DiscourseElement
comment: A line in poetry is a unit of language into which a poem is divided which operates on principles which are distinct from and not necessarily coincident with grammatical structures, such as the sentence or clauses in sentences. A distinct numbered group of lines in verse is normally called a stanza.
type: Class

title
type: Class
subclass of: DiscourseElement
subclass of: Class
  union of: Block
  union of: Field
comment: A word, phrase or sentence that precedes and indicates the subject of a document or a document component - e.g., a book, a report, a news article, a chapter, a section or a table.
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: HeadedContainer
  on property: isContainedByAsHeader

list of tables
type: Class
comment: A section of the document listing all the tables, identified by their titles and referenced to their locations in the document.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    intersection of: section
    intersection of: HeadedContainer
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: isPartOf
    some values from: Class
      union of: back matter
      union of: front matter
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasPart
  some values from: Class
    intersection of: list of references
    intersection of: Restriction
      all values from: Restriction
        some values from: table box
        on property: relation
      on property: contains

table
subclass of: DiscourseElement
type: Class
comment: A set of data arranged in cells within rows and columns.
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: contains
  some values from: Container
subclass of: Table

glossary
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: section
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: isPartOf
    some values from: Class
      union of: back matter
      union of: front matter
type: Class
comment: A set of definitions of words or phrases of importance to the work, normally alphabetized. In longer works of fiction, the entries may contains places and characters.

section
comment: A logical division of the text, usually numbered and/or titled, which may contain subsections.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: DiscourseElement
  intersection of: HeadedContainer
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: contains
  some values from: Class
    complement of: chapter
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: Class
    union of: paragraph
    union of: section
  on property: contains

formula
subclass of: DiscourseElement
type: Class
comment: A unit of information expressed in mathematical, chemical or logical symbols and language.
subclass of: Popup

section subtitle
subclass of: subtitle
comment: The subtitle of a section.
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isPartOf
  some values from: section

captioned box
type: Class
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    intersection of: DiscourseElement
    intersection of: Container
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: hasPart
    some values from: Caption
comment: A rectangle space within a page that contains an object and its related caption.

stanza
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    intersection of: DiscourseElement
    intersection of: Container
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: contains
    all values from: line
comment: A unit within a larger poem. A stanza consists of a grouping of lines, set off by a vertical space from other stanzas, that usually has a set pattern of meter and rhyme.
type: Class

bibliographic reference list
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: list of references
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: contains
    some values from: BibliographicReference
type: Class
comment: A list, usually within a bibliography, of all the references within the citing document that refer to journal articles, books, book chapters, Web sites or similar publications.

list of authors
subclass of: list of agents
comment: A list of items each denoting an author of a particular publication.
type: Class

paragraph
comment: A self-contained unit of discourse that deals with a particular point or idea. Paragraphs contains one or more sentences. The start of a paragraph is indicated by beginning on a new line, which may be indented or separated by a small vertical space by the preceding paragraph.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    intersection of: DiscourseElement
    intersection of: Block
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: contains
    some values from: sentence
type: Class

front matter
comment: The initial principle part of a document, usually containing self-referential metadata. In a book, this typically includes its title, authors, publisher, publication date, ISBN and copyright declaration, together with the preface, foreword, table of content, etc. In a journal article, the front matter is normally restricted to the title, authors and the authors' affiliation details, although the latter may alternatively be included in a footnote or the back matter. In books, the front matter pages may be numbered in lowercase Roman numerals.
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isContainedBy
  all values from: Class
    complement of: Class
      union of: back matter
      union of: body matter
      union of: front matter
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: DiscourseElement
  intersection of: Container
equivalent class: Header

body matter
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isContainedBy
  all values from: Class
    complement of: Class
      union of: back matter
      union of: body matter
      union of: front matter
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: DiscourseElement
  intersection of: Container
type: Class
comment: The central principle part of a document, that contains the real content. It may be subdivided hierarchically by the use of chapters and sections.

index
comment: A section containing a list of references to information on the named topic of importance to the content of the document. The references may be to page numbers, paragraph numbers, section numbers or chapter numbers within the document.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    intersection of: section
    intersection of: HeadedContainer
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: back matter
    on property: isPartOf
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasPart
  some values from: Class
    intersection of: list of references
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: contains
      all values from: Restriction
        on property: relation
        some values from: text chunk
type: Class

table box
type: Class
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: captioned box
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: hasPart
    some values from: table
comment: A space within a document that contains a table and its caption.

preface
comment: A section describing how the document came into being, or how the idea for it was developed. The preface may contains acknowledgements. The preface to a later edition of the work often explains in what respect that edition differs from previous ones.
type: Class
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: section
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: isPartOf
    some values from: front matter

list
comment: An enumeration of items.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Table
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: Pattern
    on property: contains
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: contains
  all values from: Class
    union of: Block
    union of: Field
    union of: Class
      intersection of: Container
      intersection of: Class
        complement of: Class
subclass of: DiscourseElement
type: Class

table of contents
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: Class
    intersection of: list of references
    intersection of: Restriction
      all values from: Restriction
        some values from: section
        on property: relation
      on property: contains
  on property: hasPart
type: Class
comment: A section of the document listing all the chapters and sections, identified by their titles and referenced to their locations in the document. The table of contents may include a list of the front-matter and back-matter items, in addition to the body-matter items. Where the document is a journal or magazine issue, the table of content lists the constituent items contained in that issue, typically by title, authors and first page number.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: section
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: Class
      union of: back matter
      union of: front matter
    on property: isPartOf

appendix
type: Class
comment: A supplemental addition to the main work. It may contain data, more detailed information about methods and materials, or provide additional detail concerning the information found in the main work.
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    intersection of: section
    intersection of: HeadedContainer
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: back matter
    on property: isPartOf

list of figures
subclass of: Restriction
  some values from: Class
    intersection of: list of references
    intersection of: Restriction
      all values from: Restriction
        on property: relation
        some values from: figure box
      on property: contains
  on property: hasPart
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    intersection of: section
    intersection of: HeadedContainer
  intersection of: Restriction
    some values from: Class
      union of: back matter
      union of: front matter
    on property: isPartOf
comment: A section of the document listing all the figures, identified by their titles and referenced to their locations in the document. May also be referred to as 'List of illustrations'.
type: Class

part
type: Class
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: DiscourseElement
  intersection of: Container
comment: A container of a semantic subdivision of a document. For example, chapters of a novel may be grouped into distinct parts that may be named 'Part 1', 'Part 2', etc., 'Book 1', 'Book 2', etc., or 'Genesis', 'Exodus', etc.

block quotation
comment: A block quotation (also known as a long quotation or extract) is a quotation in a written document which is set off from the main text as a container for distinct paragraphs, which is typically distinguished visually using indentation, a different font, or smaller size. Block quotations are used for longer passages than run-in quotations (which are set off with quotation marks).
type: Class
subclass of: Container