W3C PROVenance Interchange Ontology (PROV-O)

An object property to express the accountability of an agent towards another agent. The subordinate agent acted on behalf of the responsible agent in an actual activity.

The Location of any resource.

The optional Activity of an Influence, which used, generated, invalidated, or was the responsibility of some Entity. This property is not used by ActivityInfluence (use prov:activity instead).

The optional Generation involved in an Entity's Derivation.

The optional Plan adopted by an Agent in Association with some Activity. Plan specifications are out of the scope of this specification.

The optional Role that an Entity assumed in the context of an Activity. For example, :baking prov:used :spoon; prov:qualified [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :spoon; prov:hadRole roles:mixing_implement ].

The optional Usage involved in an Entity's Derivation.

Subproperties of prov:influencer are used to cite the object of an unqualified PROV-O triple whose predicate is a subproperty of prov:wasInfluencedBy (e.g. prov:used, prov:wasGeneratedBy). prov:influencer is used much like rdf:object is used.

If this Activity prov:wasAssociatedWith Agent :ag, then it can qualify the Association using prov:qualifiedAssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].

If this Entity prov:wasAttributedTo Agent :ag, then it can qualify how it was influenced using prov:qualifiedAttribution [ a prov:Attribution; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].

If this Activity prov:wasInformedBy Activity :a, then it can qualify how it was influenced using prov:qualifiedCommunication [ a prov:Communication; prov:activity :a; :foo :bar ].

If this Agent prov:actedOnBehalfOf Agent :ag, then it can qualify how with prov:qualifiedResponsibility [ a prov:Responsibility; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].

If this Entity prov:wasDerivedFrom Entity :e, then it can qualify how it was derived using prov:qualifiedDerivation [ a prov:Derivation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

If this Activity prov:wasEndedBy Entity :e1, then it can qualify how it was ended using prov:qualifiedEnd [ a prov:End; prov:entity :e1; :foo :bar ].

If this Activity prov:generated Entity :e, then it can qualify how it performed the Generation using prov:qualifiedGeneration [ a prov:Generation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

Because prov:qualifiedInfluence is a broad relation, the more specific relations (qualifiedCommunication, qualifiedDelegation, qualifiedEnd, etc.) should be used when applicable.

If this Entity prov:wasInvalidatedBy Activity :a, then it can qualify how it was invalidated using prov:qualifiedInvalidation [ a prov:Invalidation; prov:activity :a; :foo :bar ].

If this Entity prov:hadPrimarySource Entity :e, then it can qualify how using prov:qualifiedPrimarySource [ a prov:PrimarySource; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

If this Entity prov:wasQuotedFrom Entity :e, then it can qualify how using prov:qualifiedQuotation [ a prov:Quotation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

If this Entity prov:wasRevisionOf Entity :e, then it can qualify how it was revised using prov:qualifiedRevision [ a prov:Revision; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

If this Activity prov:wasStartedBy Entity :e1, then it can qualify how it was started using prov:qualifiedStart [ a prov:Start; prov:entity :e1; :foo :bar ].

If this Activity prov:used Entity :e, then it can qualify how it used it using prov:qualifiedUsage [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].

A prov:Entity that was used by this prov:Activity. For example, :baking prov:used :spoon, :egg, :oven .

An prov:Agent that had some (unspecified) responsibility for the occurrence of this prov:Activity.

Attribution is the ascribing of an entity to an agent.

The more specific subproperties of prov:wasDerivedFrom (i.e., prov:wasQuotedFrom, prov:wasRevisionOf, prov:hadPrimarySource) should be used when applicable.

End is when an activity is deemed to have ended. An end may refer to an entity, known as trigger, that terminated the activity.

Because prov:wasInfluencedBy is a broad relation, its more specific subproperties (e.g. prov:wasInformedBy, prov:actedOnBehalfOf, prov:wasEndedBy, etc.) should be used when applicable.

An activity a2 is dependent on or informed by another activity a1, by way of some unspecified entity that is generated by a1 and used by a2.

An entity is derived from an original entity by copying, or 'quoting', some or all of it.

A revision is a derivation that revises an entity into a revised version.

Start is when an activity is deemed to have started. A start may refer to an entity, known as trigger, that initiated the activity.

The time at which an InstantaneousEvent occurred, in the form of xsd:dateTime.

The time at which an activity ended. See also prov:startedAtTime.

The time at which an entity was completely created and is available for use.

The time at which an entity was invalidated (i.e., no longer usable).

The time at which an activity started. See also prov:endedAtTime.

Classify prov-o terms into three categories, including 'starting-point', 'qualifed', and 'extended'. This classification is used by the prov-o html document to gently introduce prov-o terms to its users.

Classify prov-o terms into six components according to prov-dm, including 'agents-responsibility', 'alternate', 'annotations', 'collections', 'derivations', and 'entities-activities'. This classification is used so that readers of prov-o specification can find its correspondence with the prov-dm specification.

A reference to the principal section of the PROV-CONSTRAINTS document that describes this concept.

A definition quoted from PROV-DM or PROV-CONSTRAINTS that describes the concept expressed with this OWL term.

A reference to the principal section of the PROV-DM document that describes this concept.

A note by the OWL development team about how this term expresses the PROV-DM concept, or how it should be used in context of semantic web or linked data.

When the prov-o term does not have a definition drawn from prov-dm, and the prov-o editor provides one.

PROV-O does not define all property inverses. The directionalities defined in PROV-O should be given preference over those not defined. However, if users wish to name the inverse of a PROV-O property, the local name given by prov:inverse should be used.

A reference to the principal section of the PROV-DM document that describes this concept.

The position that this OWL term should be listed within documentation. The scope of the documentation (e.g., among all terms, among terms within a prov:category, among properties applying to a particular class, etc.) is unspecified.

This annotation property links a subproperty of prov:wasInfluencedBy with the subclass of prov:Influence and the qualifying property that are used to qualify it.

Example annotation:

prov:wasGeneratedBy prov:qualifiedForm prov:qualifiedGeneration, prov:Generation .

Then this unqualified assertion:

:entity1 prov:wasGeneratedBy :activity1 .

can be qualified by adding:

:entity1 prov:qualifiedGeneration :entity1Gen . :entity1Gen a prov:Generation, prov:Influence; prov:activity :activity1; :customValue 1337 .

Note how the value of the unqualified influence (prov:wasGeneratedBy :activity1) is mirrored as the value of the prov:activity (or prov:entity, or prov:agent) property on the influence class.

Classes and properties used to qualify relationships are annotated with prov:unqualifiedForm to indicate the property used to assert an unqualified provenance relation.