@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix vann: <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/> .

<http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/edition>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "An identifier for one of several alternative issues of a magazine, a book or other resource."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "has edition"@en .

<http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/endingPage>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "Identifies the last page of an entity such as a journal article."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "has ending page"@en .

<http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/publicationDate>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The date on which a resource is published or disclosed."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "has publication date"@en .

<http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/startingPage>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "Identifies the first page of an entity such as a journal article."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "has starting page"@en .

<http://purl.org/co/element>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The property relates a list of reference pointers to reference pointers the are included in the list."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy "http://purl.org/co" ;
    rdfs:label "has element"@en .

dc:contributor
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dc:creator
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dc:date
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dc:description
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dc:rights
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dc:title
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

<http://purl.org/dc/terms/description>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "A textual description of a resource."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/dc/terms> ;
    rdfs:label "has description"@en .

<http://purl.org/dc/terms/title>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "A name given to a resource. Typically, the title will be the name by which the resource is formally known."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/dc/terms> ;
    rdfs:label "has title"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/biro/BibliographicReference>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "An expression of a bibliographic record in a specific format, that references a particular textual or data publication (or a work in preparation for publication). Each bibliographic reference is a list of items containing entities that describe aspects of the referenced work - for example authors, title, journal, publication year - selected from the bibliographic record.  Note that because different journal styles may require omission of elements of the bibliographic record in references included in a paper's reference list (e.g. the title, the identifier, the names of the eighth and subsequent authors), and because errors can be introduced when an author creates a bibliographic reference, the bibliographic reference to a published work may not be a complete or fully accurate expression of the information contained within the authoritative bibliographic record for that work."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/biro> ;
    rdfs:label "bibliographic reference"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/biro/references>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The relation between a bibliographic reference and the publication being referenced."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/biro> ;
    rdfs:label "references"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/c4o/InTextReferencePointer>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A textual device (e.g. “[1]”), denoting a single bibliographic reference, that is embedded in the text of a document within the context of a particular sentence or text chunk."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/c4o> ;
    rdfs:label "in-text reference pointer"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/c4o/SingleLocationPointerList>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A textual device (e.g. “[1, 2, 3]” or “[4-9]”) which includes a number of reference pointers denoting the specific bibliographic references to which the list pertains"@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/c4o> ;
    rdfs:label "single location pointer list"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/c4o/denotes>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The property relates a reference pointer to the bibliographic entry that is denoted by the reference pointer."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/c4o> ;
    rdfs:label "denotes"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/c4o/hasContent>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "It is used to specify the textual content of a bibliographic reference, a discourse element, or a reference pointer."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/c4o> ;
    rdfs:label "has content"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/c4o/isContextOf>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The property relates a discourse element (e.g. a sentence) to any textual device (such as reference pointers or lists of pointers) for which the discourse element is context of."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy "http://purl.org/spar/c4o" ;
    rdfs:label "is context of"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/AffiliationSelfCitation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A citation in which at least one author from each of the citing and the cited entities is affiliated with the same academic institution."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "affiliation self citation"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/cito/SelfCitation> .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/AuthorNetworkSelfCitation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A citation in which at least one author of the citing entity has direct or indirect co-authorship links with one of the authors of the cited entity."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "author network self citation"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/cito/SelfCitation> .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/AuthorSelfCitation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A citation in which the citing and the cited entities have at least one author in common."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "author self citation"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/cito/SelfCitation> .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/Citation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A citation is a conceptual directional link from a citing entity to a cited entity, created by a human performative act of making a citation, typically instantiated by the inclusion of a bibliographic reference (biro:BibliographicReference) in the reference list of the citing entity, or by the inclusion within the citing entity of a link, in the form of an HTTP Uniform Resource Locator (URL), to a resource on the World Wide Web."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "citation"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/DistantCitation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A citation in which the citing and the cited entities have nothing significant in common with one another (for example authors, journal, institutional affiliation, or funding agency) over and beyond their subject matter."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "distant citation"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/cito/Citation> .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/FunderSelfCitation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A citation in which the works reported in the citing and the cited entities were funded by the same funding agency."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "funder self citation"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/cito/SelfCitation> .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/JournalCartelCitation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A citation from one journal to another journal which forms one of a very large number of citations from the citing journal to recent articles in the cited journal, possibly undertaken as part of a citation cartel for the purpose of gaming the impact factor of the cited journal."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "journal cartel citation"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/cito/Citation> .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/JournalSelfCitation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A citation in which the citing and the cited entities are published in the same journal."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "journal self citation"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/cito/SelfCitation> .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/SelfCitation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A citation in which the citing and the cited entities have something significant in common with one another, over and beyond their subject matter, for example authors, journal, institutional affiliation, or funding agency."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "self citation"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/cito/Citation> .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/cites>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The citing entity cites the cited entity, either directly and explicitly (as in the reference list of a journal article), indirectly (e.g. by citing a more recent paper by the same group on the same topic), or implicitly (e.g. as in artistic quotations or parodies, or in cases of plagiarism)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "cites"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/hasCitationCharacterisation>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The property relates a citation to its inteded purpose. CiTO properties are used as range of the property."@en ;
    rdfs:domain <http://purl.org/spar/cito/Citation> ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "has citation characterisation"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/hasCitationCreationDate>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The date on which the citation was created. This has the same numerical value as the publication date of the citing bibliographic resource, but is a property of the citation itself. When combined with the citation time span, it permits that citation to be located in history."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "has citation creation date"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/hasCitationTimeSpan>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment <http://purl.org/spar/cito>, "The temporal characteristic of a citation, namely the interval between the publication date of the cited entity and the publication date of the citing entity. Note that when one or both of the publication dates is given as just 'year', then the citation time span is rounded to the nearest year, and when one or both of the publication dates is given as just 'year and month', then the citation time span is rounded to the nearest month, with the inherent inaccuracies that such rounding involves."@en ;
    rdfs:label "has citation time span"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/hasCitedEntity>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "A property that relates a citation to the cited entity."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "has cited entity"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/hasCitingEntity>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "A property that relates a citation to the citing entity."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "has citing entity"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/cito/hasCoAuthorshipCitationLevel>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "This property specifies the minimal distance that one of the authors of the citing entity has with regards to one of the authors of the cited entity, according to their co-authorship network."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/cito> ;
    rdfs:label "has co-authorship citation level"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/Identifier>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "An identifier that uniquely identities an entity – such as a funding agency, a person and a resource – belonging to a particular scheme such as those specified by individuals of the class datacite:IdentifierScheme."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "identifier"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/IdentifierScheme>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "The identifier scheme used to identify an entity such as a funding agency, a person or a resource. Individual schemes are defines as members of this class."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "identifier scheme"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/doi>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/IdentifierScheme>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "Digital Object Identier."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "doi"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/hasIdentifier>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "An object property specifying a datacite:Identifier that provides a unique identifer for the entity (either a funder, a person or a resource)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "has identifier"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/isbn>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/IdentifierScheme>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "International Standard Book Number."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "isbn"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/issn>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/IdentifierScheme>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "International Standard Serial Number."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "issn"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/oci>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/IdentifierScheme>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "Open Citation Identifier."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "oci"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/orcid>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/IdentifierScheme>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "Open Researcher and Contributor Identifier."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "orcid"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/pmcid>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/IdentifierScheme>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "PubMed Central Identifier."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "pmcid"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/pmid>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/IdentifierScheme>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "PubMed Identifier."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "pmid"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/url>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/IdentifierScheme>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "Uniform Resource Locator."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "url"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/datacite/usesIdentifierScheme>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "An object property permitting specification of the identifier scheme used to provide the identifier for an entity – either a funder, a person or a resource – defined as an individual of the class datacite:IdentifierScheme."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/datacite> ;
    rdfs:label "uses identifier scheme"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/deo/Caption>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "Text accompanying another item, such as a picture."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/deo> ;
    rdfs:label "caption"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/deo/DiscourseElement> .

<http://purl.org/spar/deo/DiscourseElement>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A document component, either structural (e.g. paragraph, section, chapter, table, caption, footnote, title) or rhetorical (e.g. introduction, discussion, acknowledgements, reference list, figure, appendix), in which the content of a bibliographic resource can be organized."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/deo> ;
    rdfs:label "discourse element"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/doco/Footnote>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A structure within a sentence that permits the author to make a comment or to cite another publication in support of the text, or both. A footnote is normally flagged by a superscript number immediately following that portion of the text to which it relates. For convenience of reading, the text of the footnote is usually printed at the bottom of the page or at the end of a text."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/doco> ;
    rdfs:label "footnote"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/deo/DiscourseElement> .

<http://purl.org/spar/doco/Paragraph>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A self-contained unit of discourse that deals with a particular point or idea. Paragraphs contains one or more sentences. The start of a paragraph is indicated by beginning on a new line, which may be indented or separated by a small vertical space by the preceding paragraph."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/doco> ;
    rdfs:label "paragraph"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/deo/DiscourseElement> .

<http://purl.org/spar/doco/Section>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A logical division of the text, usually numbered and/or titled, which may contain subsections."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/doco> ;
    rdfs:label "section"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/deo/DiscourseElement> .

<http://purl.org/spar/doco/SectionTitle>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A word, phrase or sentence that precedes and indicates the subject of a document or a document component - e.g., a book, a report, a news article, a chapter, a section or a table."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/doco> ;
    rdfs:label "section title"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/deo/DiscourseElement> .

<http://purl.org/spar/doco/Sentence>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "An expression in natural language forming a single grammatical unit."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/doco> ;
    rdfs:label "sentence"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/deo/DiscourseElement> .

<http://purl.org/spar/doco/Table>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A set of data arranged in cells within rows and columns."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/doco> ;
    rdfs:label "table"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/deo/DiscourseElement> .

<http://purl.org/spar/doco/TextChunk>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A piece of text, e.g. the content of a table cell, defined by a start point and an end point."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/doco> ;
    rdfs:label "text chunk"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/deo/DiscourseElement> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/AcademicProceedings>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A document containing the programme and collected papers, or their abstracts, presented at an academic meeting."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "academic proceedings"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/ArchivalDocument>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "An archival document is a realization of the content related to an archival record. It can be exemplified as a book, a document, a letter, a database, etc."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "archival document"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Book>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A non-serial document that is complete in one volume or a designated finite number of volumes.  A book published by a publisher is usually  identified by an International Standard Book Number (ISBN), and may be manifested as a physical printed publication on paper bound in a hard or soft cover, or in electronic format as an 'e-book'."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "book"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/BookChapter>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A defined chapter of a book, usually with a separate title or number."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "book chapter"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/BookSeries>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A sequence of books having certain characteristics in common that are formally identified together as a group - for instance, the books in the Law, Governance and Technology Series published by Springer."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "book series"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> ;
    owl:disjointWith <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/BookSet> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/BookSet>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A set of books having certain characteristics in common that informally allow their identification together as a group - for instance, the books of the Harry Potter saga."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "book set"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/DataFile>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A realisation of a fabio:Dataset (a frbr:Work) containing a defined collection of data with specific content and possibly with a specific version number, that can be embodied as a fabio:Digital Manifestation (a frbr:Manifestation with a specific format) and be represented by a specific fabio:ComputerFile (a frbr:Item) on someone's hard drive."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "data file"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/DigitalManifestation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A manifestation that represents data in binary form, encoding the data as a series of 0s and 1s."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "digital manifestation"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Manifestation> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "In the OpenCitations Corpus, this class is used to represent any bibliographic resource, i.e. citing papers, cited resources, and containers (e.g. journals, books, proceedings) for those resources."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "expression"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/ExpressionCollection>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A collection of expressions, for example a periodical or a book series."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "expression collection"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Journal>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A scholarly periodical primarily devoted to the publication of original research papers. [Printed and electronic manifestations of the same journal are usually identified by separate print and electronic International Standard Serial Numbers (ISSN or eISSN, respectively), that identifies the journal as a whole, not to individual issues of it.]"@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "journal"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/JournalArticle>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "An article, typically the realization of a research paper reporting original research findings, published in a journal issue.  "@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "journal article"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/JournalIssue>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A particular published issue of a journal, one or more of which will constitute a volume of the journal."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "journal issue"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/JournalVolume>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A particular published volume of a journal, comprising one or more journal issues."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "journal volume"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Manifestation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "In the OpenCitations Corpus, this class is used to represent any detail of the physical or digital forms in which the bibliographic resources are made available by their publishers."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "manifestation"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/PrintObject>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "An analog manifestation in physical printed form, typically on paper."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "print object"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Manifestation> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/ProceedingsPaper>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A paper, typically the realization of a research paper reporting original research findings, usually published within an academic proceedings volume."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "proceedings paper"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/ReferenceBook>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A book containing authoritative factual information, such as a dictionary, encyclopaedia, handbook or field guide, which is a realisation of a certain reference work and may contain several reference entries."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "reference book"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/ReportDocument>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "The realization of a report, usually in printed form."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "report document"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Series>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A sequence of expressions having certain characteristics in common that are formally identified together as a group."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "series"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/SpecificationDocument>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "The realization of a specification (a standard, a workflow, etc.)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "specification document"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Thesis>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A book authored by a student containing a formal presentations of research outputs submitted for examination in completion of a course of study at an institution of higher education, to fulfil the requirements for an academic degree.  Also know as a dissertation.  [For the alternative meaning of the word 'thesis', namely the formulation of a concept, hypothesis, idea, point of view or theory presented for review and/or discussion, use fabio:Proposition.]"@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "thesis"@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/Expression> .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/hasSequenceIdentifier>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "A literal (for example a number or a letter) that identifies the sequence position of a work within a particular context, for example a book in a book series, a chapter in a document, a volume in a journal."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "has number"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/fabio/hasSubtitle>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "A secondary title that follows the main title of a work."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/fabio> ;
    rdfs:label "has subtitle"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/pro/Role>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A role an agent may have.  Individual members of this class or its sub-classes are used to specify particular roles."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pro> ;
    rdfs:label "role"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/pro/RoleInTime>
    dc:description """A role in time describes always:

* a particular role R

* a particular agent A holding R

* a particular time interval T in which A holds R (optional)

* one or more entities (e.g. a particular bibliographic entity or a specific institution) that defines a context for R held by A. (At least one contextual entity should be specified for a particular role)."""@en ;
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "A particular situation that describe a role an agent may have, that can be restricted to a particular time interval."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pro> ;
    rdfs:label "role in time"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/pro/author>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/pro/Role>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "The role a person has of authorship of some material (for example a document)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pro> ;
    rdfs:label "author"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/pro/editor>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/pro/Role>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "The role of a person who selects and prepares for publication material written and submitted by authors."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pro> ;
    rdfs:label "editor"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/pro/isDocumentContextFor>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "A property relating a document to the role for which that document provides the context (e.g. relating a document to the role of author or peer-reviewer of that document)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pro> ;
    rdfs:label "is document context for"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/pro/isHeldBy>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "A property relating a role in time that an agent holds, or a contribution situation that an agent makes, to that agent."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pro> ;
    rdfs:label "is role held by"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/pro/publisher>
    a <http://purl.org/spar/pro/Role>, owl:NamedIndividual ;
    rdfs:comment "The role of a person or an organization that published material, or of a publisher's employee who has responsibility for such publications."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pro> ;
    rdfs:label "publisher"@en .

<http://purl.org/spar/pro/withRole>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "An object property connecting an agent's role in time to a definition of the type of role held by this agent, specified as an instance of the class pro:Role or of one of its sub-classes."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/pro> ;
    rdfs:label "with role"@en .

<http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#embodiment>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "An expression embodied in a manifestation."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/frbr> ;
    rdfs:label "has embodiment"@en .

<http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#exemplar>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "A manifestation exemplified in an item."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/frbr> ;
    rdfs:label "has exemplar"@en .

<http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#part>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "A part of an expression."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/frbr> ;
    rdfs:label "has part"@en .

<http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#partOf>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "An expression (e.g. a article) which is incorporated in another expression (e.g. a journal issue)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://purl.org/spar/frbr> ;
    rdfs:label "is part of"@en .

vann:preferredNamespacePrefix
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

vann:preferredNamespaceUri
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

<http://www.essepuntato.it/2010/06/literalreification/hasLiteralValue>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "It is used to specify the literal value that an identifier has."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.essepuntato.it/2010/06/literalreification> ;
    rdfs:label "has literal value"@en .

rdfs:comment
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

rdfs:label
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

rdfs:seeAlso
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

owl:versionInfo
    a owl:AnnotationProperty .

<http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#Annotation>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "An annotation either to an in-text reference pointer or to a bibliographic reference entry, describing the citation it instantiates."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa> ;
    rdfs:label "annotation"@en .

<http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasBody>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The property relates an annotation to the body (the content) of the annotation."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa> ;
    rdfs:label "has body"@en .

<http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasTarget>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The target entity of an annotation."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa> ;
    rdfs:label "has target"@en ;
    owl:inverseOf <https://w3id.org/oc/ontology/hasAnnotation> .

<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Entity>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "In the OpenCitations Corpus, an entity represents a particular snapshot recording the metadata associated with another individual entity at a particular time."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov> ;
    rdfs:label "entity"@en .

<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#generatedAtTime>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The date on which a particular entity was created."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov> ;
    rdfs:label "was generated at time"@en .

<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadPrimarySource>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "This property allows the specification of a primary source for a resource, i.e. something produced by some agent with direct experience and knowledge about such resource."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov> ;
    rdfs:label "had primary source"@en .

<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#invalidatedAtTime>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The date on which a particular entity was invalidated."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov> ;
    rdfs:label "was invalidated at time"@en .

<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "This property allows one to indicate that an entity that is a specialization of another shares all aspects of the latter, and additionally presents more specific aspects of the same thing as the latter."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov> ;
    rdfs:label "is specialization of"@en .

<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "This property allows one to ascribe an entity to an agent."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov> ;
    rdfs:label "was attributed to"@en .

<http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "This property allows the specification of a derivation from another entity, where a derivation is a transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing entity."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov> ;
    rdfs:label "was derived from"@en .

<http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent>
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "An agent (eg. person, group, software or physical artifact)."^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1> ;
    rdfs:label "agent"@en .

<http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The family name of a person."^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1> ;
    rdfs:label "has family name"@en .

<http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The given name of a person."^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1> ;
    rdfs:label "has given name"@en .

<http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name>
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The name of an agent."^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1> ;
    rdfs:label "has name"@en .

<https://w3id.org/oc/ontology>
    dc:creator "Marilena Daquino"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string>, "Silvio Peroni"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> ;
    dc:date "2019-09-19" ;
    dc:description <https://rawgit.com/essepuntato/opencitations/master/ontology/core.png>, """OCO, the OpenCitations Ontology, is not yet another bibliographic ontology, rather it is just a place where existing and complementary ontological entities from several other ontologies are grouped together for the purpose of providing descriptive metadata as introduced in the [OpenCitations Data Model(ODCM)](http://opencitations.net/model).

* bibliographic resources (br), class fabio:Expression and its subclasses – resources that either cites or are cited by other bibliographic resources (e.g. journal articles), or that contain such citing/cited resources (e.g. journals);

* resource embodiments (re), class fabio:Manifestation and its subclasses – details of the physical or digital forms in which the bibliographic resources are made available by their publishers;

* discourse elements (de), class deo:DiscourseElement and its subclasses - a document component, either structural (e.g. paragraph, section, chapter, table, caption, footnote, title) or rhetorical (e.g. introduction, discussion, acknowledgements, reference list, figure, appendix), in which the content of a bibliographic resource can be organized;

* reference pointers (rp), class c4o:InTextReferencePointer - a textual device (e.g. “[1]”), denoting a single bibliographic reference, that is embedded in the text of a document within the context of a particular sentence or text chunk;

* pointer list (pl), class c4o:SingleLocationPointerList - a textual device (e.g. “[1, 2, 3]” or “[4-9]”) which includes a number of reference pointers denoting the specific bibliographic references to which the list pertains;

* bibliographic reference entries (be), class biro:BibliographicReference – the literal textual bibliographic entries occurring in the reference lists within bibliographic resources, that reference other bibliographic resources;

* responsible agents (ra), class foaf:Agent – names of agents having certain roles with respect to bibliographic resources (i.e. names of authors, editors, publishers, etc.);
agent roles (ar), class pro:RoleInTime – roles held by agents with respect to bibliographic resources (e.g. author, editor, publisher);

* identifiers (id), class datacite:Identifier – external identifiers (e.g. DOI, ORCID, PubMedID) associated with the bibliographic entities;

* citations (ci), class cito:Citation - conceptual directional links from a citing entity to a cited entity, created by a human performative act of making a citation."""^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> ;
    dc:rights "This work is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)."@en ;
    dc:title "OCO, the OpenCitations Ontology"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> ;
    vann:preferredNamespacePrefix "oco"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> ;
    vann:preferredNamespaceUri "https://w3id.org/oc/ontology/"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyURI> ;
    a owl:Ontology ;
    rdfs:comment "OCO, the OpenCitations Ontology, is not yet another bibliographic ontology. Rather it is just a place where existing and complementary ontological entities from several other ontologies, all employed in the OpenCitations Data Model, are grouped together for the purpose of providing descriptive metadata for the OpenCitations Corpus (OCC), the OpenCitations Indexes and other OpenCitations datasets. This model is freely available for third parties to use to model their own data, either for their independent use or to permit their data, conformed to the OpenCitations Data Model, to be published on their behalf by OpenCitations."^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> ;
    owl:priorVersion <https://w3id.org/oc/ontology/2018-02-23> ;
    owl:versionIRI <https://w3id.org/oc/ontology/2019-09-19> ;
    owl:versionInfo "2.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> .

<https://w3id.org/oc/ontology/hasAnnotation>
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The property relates an entity to an annotation, e.g. a reference pointer can be linked to an annotation having as body a citation."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://w3id.org/oc/ontology> ;
    rdfs:label "has annotation"@en .

<https://w3id.org/oc/ontology/hasNext>
    a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "This property allows to specify the following entity in a sequence of entities, e.g. a reference pointer in a list of pointers, a role in a sequence of agents' roles of the same type associated with the same bibliographic resource (so as to define, for instance, its ordered list of authors)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://w3id.org/oc/ontology> ;
    rdfs:label "has next"@en .

<https://w3id.org/oc/ontology/hasUpdateQuery>
    dc:description "This property allows one to specify the UPDATE SPARQL query that keeps track of which metadata have been modified as the result of a modification of some of the metadata or the merging of the metadata relating to a particular bibliographic entity."@en ;
    a owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://w3id.org/oc/ontology> ;
    rdfs:label "has update query"@en .

