The RAInS Ontology

IRI:
https://w3id.org/rains
Current version :
3.0
Authors :
https://www.abdn.ac.uk/ncs/profiles/iman.naja
https://www.abdn.ac.uk/ncs/profiles/milan.markovic/
https://www.abdn.ac.uk/ncs/profiles/p.edwards
Other visualisation :
Ontology source - WebVowl
Copyright 2020 University of Aberdeen

Abstract

-Version 3.0: added classes and relationships to model the Deployment and Operation stages of an AI system -Version 2.2: Some more minor edits to Guideline, Guideance, and Log classes and their subclasses. Plus minor edits to rdf:comments describing some Entities and Properties so that the description is clearer to the reader. -Version 2.1: minor edits and additions of relationships: corrected the range of version and added the dropped properties hasInputFormat and hasOutputFormat. Plus minor edits and additions to the ontology metadata to reflect LOV requirements. -Version 2.0: added classes and relationships to model the Implementation stage of an AI system -Version 1.1: creation, models the Design stage of an AI system

Table of Content

  1. Classes
  2. Object Properties
  3. Data Properties
  4. Annotation Properties
  5. General Axioms
  6. Namespace Declarations

Classes

Accountable Agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/sao#AccountableAgent

An agent that can be held accountable for his/her actions. While the agent may typically be a human, components of the AI System, namely, Model Component and Supporting Infrastructure Component, may also be considered accountable to the actions they perform within the system context. This is for documentation purposes, and legal accountability should be traced to the human agent accountable for the component in question. For example, in the context of a facial recognition AI System, the model is accountable for generating a decision about whether it can recongnise a user's. However, legally, the humans behing the model are those who are to be held finally held accountable in reality. Note that, within the same AI System a human may take on the role of both or either Affected Agent or Accountable Agent. For example, a user may be accountable for installing and configuring a facial recognition AI system, but may later be affected by the AI System's output of recognision or not recognision their face. Then may then also be accountable for overriding the system's output by using a manual passcode.
has super-classes
agentc
information elementc

Actuate Outputc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ActuateOutput

A planned step that describes actuating an output by the AI System. This step is typically part of the Operation stage (specifically Runtime stage) and has a member of the class System Output as its expected output.
has super-classes
Return Outputc
has output variableop only System Outputc
is element of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc

Affected Agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#AffectedAgent

An agent, typically a human, who has undergone User Training an/or who has been affected directly or indirectly by an AI Systems' output(s) or any of its components' output(s). Within the same AI System a human may take on the role of both or either Affected Agent or Accountable Agent. For example, a user may be accountable for installing and configuring a facial recognition AI system, but may later be affected by the AI System's output of recognision or not recognision their face. Then may then also be accountable for overriding the system's output by using a manual passcode.
has super-classes
information elementc

agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ep-plan#Agent

has super-classes
agentc
has sub-classes
Accountable Agentc, softwarec

Aggregatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Aggregate

A planned step that has some impact on the output of AI System where a user or a system component aggregates some outputs to generate a new (aggregated) output. This step is typically part of the Deplpoyment or Operation Stages (specifically Intallation or Configuration or Runtime Stages) and has a member of the class Aggregation Result as its expected output. It may also generate a member of the class Explanation as its output if it produces an explanation along with the output.
has super-classes
Generate Outputc
has output variableop only Aggregation Resultc or Explanationc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Generate Model Outputc, Overridec

Aggregation Resultc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#AggregationResult

A specific type of planned System Output which describes the results of aggregating outputs produced by Model component(s) and/or Supporting Infrastrcuture Component(s). If the AI System is involved in making decisions/recommendations/actions affecting human users, then it is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Aggregation Result variable contains the following information elements: Affected Agent.
has super-classes
System Outputc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Aggregatec
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Model Outputc, Override Resultc

AI Systemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#AI_System

The AI System for which the accountability plan is specified.
has super-classes
systemc

algorithmc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#Algorithm

Imported Definition: The algorithm regardless software implementation.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

Approval Decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ApprovalDecision

A specific type of a planned human decision representing approvals and sign offs.
has super-classes
Human Decisionc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Decidec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Assurance Decisionc, Fitness Confirmation Decisionc

Approve Outputc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ApproveOutput

A planned step that has some impact on the output of AI System where a user or a system component approves some output. This step is typically part of the Operation stage (specifically Runtime Stage) and has a member of the class System Output as its expected output. Note that this step is not related to the Decide step (which may have a member of the class Approval Decision as its expected output).
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only System Outputc
is element of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Consentc, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec

Auto Constraintc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#AutoConstraint

A specific type of planned Constraint that describes a constraint which can be evaluated automatically against corresponding accountability trace. Such constraint would normally link to its implementation (e.g., a SHACL rule) using the https://w3id.org/ep-plan#hasConstraintImplementation property.
has super-classes
constraintc
is disjoint with
Human Constraintc

Biasc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Bias

A type of :Risk which records a specific piece of information detailing a potential inclination or prejudice related to some aspects of :AI_Sytem (e.g., a training dataset containing more data about males when both genders will be considered by the ML model) If a mitigation strategy is used to abate the bias, then these can be indicated using the property :hasMitigationStrategy. It is advisable that information about the bias before and after mitigation is included.
has super-classes
Riskc

Certificatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Certificate

A sao:InformnationElement which records information describing a certificate (e.g. an ISO certificate) that is granted during the implementation (or deployment or use and maintenance) life cycle stages.
has super-classes
information elementc

Certification Decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#CertificationDecision

A specific type of a planned human compliance assurance decision representing certification granting. This is usually done by third parties, but may also be done inhouse to prove that the AI System abides by internal policies.
has super-classes
Compliance Assurance Decisionc
is output variable ofop only Decidec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc

Changec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Change

A sao:InformnationElement which records information describing the deviation from the Design Specification or a Guideline.
has super-classes
information elementc

Change Justificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ChangeJustification

A sao:InformnationElement which records information describing the justification behind a deviation from the Design Specification or a Guideline, or behind overruling the output of the AI System. For example, the reason behind realizing a dataset other than the one indicated by the Dataset Design Specification was used, or why an evaluation measure was recorded which differed from the one indicated to be expected in an Evaluation Specification, or why a user overrode an AI System's action/decision/recommendation.
has super-classes
information elementc

Change Logc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ChangeLog

A specific type of planned Log that describes any change from a design specification or guideline or suggested action/recommendation/decision by the AI system. It is expected to be the result of any accountable action that has an input a design specification or a guideline or specified expected outcome. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Change Log contains the following information elements: 1. Change 2. ChangeJustification.
has super-classes
Logc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Aggregatec or Configurec or Evaluatec or Generate Guidelinec or Installc or Justifyc or Merge and Split Datasetc or Overridec or Realize Componentc or Train Userc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is in range of
hasJustificationop
is disjoint with
Installation Logc

Collect User Feedbackc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#CollectUserFeedback

A planned step that describes receiving a feedback or review from the user of the AI system based on the final system output. (While this is a subclass of System Action, defined as a step that has some impact on some component or output of the AI System, in the current scope of RAInS, the user feedback is not fed back to the AI System. This step is typically part of the Operation stage (specifically Runtime Stage) and has a member of the class User Review as its expected output.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only User Reviewc
is element of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Configurec, Consentc, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec

Compliance Assurance Decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ComplianceAssuranceDecision

A specific type of a planned human decision representing confirmation of compliance of some sao:AccountableResult (e.g., a model specification) with its compliance requirements.
has super-classes
Human Decisionc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Decidec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Certification Decisionc
is disjoint with
Approval Decisionc, Fitness Confirmation Decisionc

Compliance Entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ComplianceEntity

A specific type of sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information about a compliance requirement that is to be complied with as part of an information realization collection.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Hard Lawc, Soft Lawc

Compliance Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ComplianceSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the description of a compliance requirement. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to SystemPurposeSpecification contains the following information elements 1. HardLaw 2. SoftLaw
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Dataset Specificationc, Evaluation Specificationc, Model Specificationc, Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc

Configuration Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ConfigurationAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to configuring the system as part of the operation stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. This plan is a subplan of the Operation Stage Accountability Plan. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Notify User, Consent, Provide System Input Data, Preprocess Input Data, Validate, Configure, Generate Model Output, Explain, and Generate Output
has super-classes
Operation Stage Accountability Planc

Configuration Datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ConfigurationData

A specific type of planned System Data which represents the data used to configure the AI System, either during the Operation stage or after the system has been installed during the Deployment Stage. For example, in a facial recognition AI system, the configuration data may be the WiFi password or a picture of the user. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Configuration Data variable contains the following information elements: 1. Data Item 2. DataCollectionProcedure 3. DataPreprocesingProcedure. 4. Affected Agent if the AI System is involved in making decisions/recommendations/actions affecting human users and the configuration data can be linked to the affected human (e.g. in a facial recognition AI System, the Affected Agent is also the user who configured the AI System to recognise their face).
has super-classes
System Datac
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Preprocess Input Datac or Provide System Input Datac
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Explanationc, Notificationc, Runtime Input Datac, System Outputc, User Consentc, User Reviewc, Validationc

Configurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Configure

A planned step describing how the AI system is configured during the Deployment or Operation stage of the life cycle (specifically, the Installation or Configuration stages). If this step is done during the Deployment stage, it needs to be done after the system has been installed. This step has members of the classes Model Component and Supporting Infrastructure Component as its expected outputs. If a deviation from the guidelines takes place, then the step will also have as an output a member of the class Change Log.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc or Model Componentc or Supporting Infrastructure Componentc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Consentc, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec

Consentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Consent

A planned step that records a user's consent to using the AI system. This step is typically part of the Operation stage (specifically Configuration or Runtime stages) and has a member of the class User Consent as its expected output.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only User Consentc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec

Data Collection Procedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DataCollectionProcedure

A specific type of sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing how the data is collected. This includes the information about mechanism used for collecting data (e.g. hardware sensors, software program, or manually), the timeframe over which the data was collected, any consent reporting, etc. There is a separate concept that represents the data collection software see rainsDataCollectionSoftware.
has super-classes
information elementc

Data Collection Softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DataCollectionSoftware

A sao:InformationElement (which is also an osw:Software and a prov:SoftwareAgent) which records information detailing a software that was used to collect data that formed the dataset which was used to train the ML Model
has super-classes
softwarec

Data Itemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DataItem

A sao:InformnationElement which records information describing a piece of data, e.g. user's picture or user's passcode as part of the Configuration Data or Runtime Input Data of a facial recognition AI System.
has super-classes
information elementc

Data Preprocessing Procedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DataPreprocessingProcedure

A specific type of sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing how the data is preprocessed. This includes information on what is done to the data (e.g., cleaning, sampling, filtering, feature engineering, etc) and how it is done (e.g., manually, programmatically, or using feature engineering software). There is a separate concept that represents the data preprocessing software.
has super-classes
information elementc

Data Preprocessing Softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DataPreprocessingSoftware

A sao:InformationElement (which is also an osw:Software and a prov:SoftwareAgent) which records information detailing a software that was used to preprocess the dataset using to train the ML Model
has super-classes
softwarec

Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#Dataset

A set composed of data item(s).
has super-classes
Realizable Objectc
Excluded Objectc or Realized Objectc
is disjoint with
Modelc, Supporting Infrastructurec

dataset characteristicc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#DatasetCharacteristic

This concept is imported from ML-Schema to describe the characteristics of the dataset. In RAInS, this includes how many instances make up the dataset, what do the instances represent, what are the types of instances, whether the instances have associated labels or targets, whether the relationships between instances are explicit, as well as the errors, noises, redundancies in the dataset and whether is there any information missing from instances. When used to describe a Training Dataset, Validation Dataset, or Evaluation Dataset produced by splitting the Dataset Component, it is advisable to describe how the dataset was split, including the ratios of train-validate-test and the class representation percentage in each.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

Dataset Componentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DatasetComponent

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents the description of an realized dataset, including its characteristics, how it was collected, its risks, etc. The dataset component represents a collection of collected and pre-processed data. Once it is split, the subclasses TestingDataset, ValidationDataset, and EvaluationDataset can be used. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the DatasetComponent variable contains the following information elements: 1. Dataset, the realized dataset should be an instance of RealizedObject. If the implementation deviates from the design, then an additional dataset should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 2. Data Item 3. DatasetCharacteristic 4. DataCollectionProcedure 5. DataPreprocesingProcedure 6. Funding 7. Limitation 8. Risk and its subclass Bias 9. Tradeoff 10. The subclasses of Use Case, namely IncorrectUseCase and IntendedUseCase 11. IntendedUserGroup 12. The subclasses of Compliance Entity, namely, Hard Law and SoftLaw 13. LicenseDocument It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the DatasetComponent variable contains the following information elements: 1. Model 2. SupportingInfrastructure 3. The following subclasses of Realizable Object Characteristic: Algorithm, ModelCharacteristic, SystemAuditMechanism, SystemExplanationMechanism, System Feedback from User Mechanism, System Human Oversight Mechanism, and SystemSecurityMechanism 4. The subclasses of Guidance,namely, System Deployment Guidance, SystemInstallationGuidance, UserTrainingGuidance, SystemOperationGuidance, SystemUsageGuidance, and SystemMaintenanceGuidance 5. NotificationProof
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Evaluation Datasetc, Training Datasetc, Validation Datasetc
is disjoint with
Design Specificationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Logc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc, System Datac, User Training Reportc

Dataset Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DatasetSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the description of planned requirements, characteristics, risks, etc. related to a dataset (e.g., a training dataset for ML model) expected to be used as part of the AI system life cycle. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to DatasetSpecification contains the following information elements 1. Dataset 2. DataItem 3. DatasetCharacteristic 3. DataCollectionProcedure and and if applicable DataCollectionSoftware 4. DataPreprocesingProcedure and if applicable DataPreprocessingSoftware 5. Funding 6. Limitation 7. Risk and its subclass Bias, and if applicable FairnessOrBiasDetectionSoftware 8. Tradeoff 9. IntendedUserGroup 10. The subclasses of Use Case, namely IncorrectUseCase and IntendedUseCase 11. The subclasses of Compliance Entity, namely, Hard Law and SoftLaw 12. LicenseDocument It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the Dataset Specification contains the following information elements: 1. Model 2. SupportingInfrastructure 3. The following subclasses of Realizable Object Characteristic: Algorithm, ModelCharacteristic, SystemAuditMechanism, SystemExplanationMechanism, System Feedback from User Mechanism, System Human Oversight Mechanism, and SystemSecurityMechanism 4. The subclasses of Guidance,namely, System Deployment Guidance, SystemInstallationGuidance, UserTrainingGuidance, SystemOperationGuidance, SystemUsageGuidance, and SystemMaintenanceGuidance 5. NotificationProof
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Specificationc, Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc

Decidec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Decide

A planned step describing a decision to be taken by a human when incorporating accountability in AI Systems, e.g. approve the design of an ML Model. This step has members of the class Human Decision (and its subclasses) as its expected outputs.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Approval Decisionc or Certification Decisionc or Compliance Assurance Decisionc or Fitness Confirmation Decisionc or Human Decisionc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Grant Certificationc
is disjoint with
Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Installc, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc, System Actionc, Train Userc

Deployment Stage Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DeploymentStageAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to the deployment stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. This plan may be split into one of three sub-plans: Manual Production Accountability Plan, Installation Accountability Plan, and User Training Accountability Plan. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Install (subsumes integration and configuration), Generate Guideline, Train User, Evaluate, Decide. If there is additional configuration to be done after the Install action has been performed, then the following Accountable Actions can also be performed at this stage: Provide System Input Data, Preprocess Input Data, Configure, and Validate.
has super-classes
accountability planc
has sub-classes
Installation Accountability Planc, Manual Production Accountability Planc, User Training Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Design Stage Accountability Planc, Implementation Stage Accountability Planc, Operation Stage Accountability Planc

Design Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DesignSpecification

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a high level reference to a specification (e.g. a specification report) that is expected to be produced during the design stage in order to inform the future AI system lifecycle stages (e.g. implementation).
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Compliance Specificationc, Dataset Specificationc, Evaluation Specificationc, Model Specificationc, Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc
is disjoint with
Dataset Componentc, Evaluationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Logc, Model Componentc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc, System Datac, User Training Reportc

Design Stage Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DesignStageAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to the design stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Produce Specification and Decide.
has super-classes
accountability planc
includes stepop only Decidec or Grant Certificationc or Produce Specificationc
includes variableop only Approval Decisionc or Certification Decisionc or Compliance Assurance Decisionc or Compliance Specificationc or Dataset Specificationc or Design Specificationc or Evaluation Specificationc or Fitness Confirmation Decisionc or Human Decisionc or Model Specificationc or Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc or System Purpose Specificationc
is disjoint with
Deployment Stage Accountability Planc, Implementation Stage Accountability Planc, Operation Stage Accountability Planc

Disclaimer Notificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#DisclaimerNotification

A specific type of Notification which describes a disclaimer that the user is using or interacting with an AI System. Similar to Notification, it is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Disclaimer Notification variable contains the following information elements: 1. Affected Agent, describing the user who was notified. 2. Notification Proof, documenting how the user was notified, e.g. a screenshot of the disclaimer shown to the user.
has super-classes
Notificationc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Notify Userc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc

Error Notificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ErrorNotification

A specific type of Notification which represents a notification of an error which has occurred to the user. For example, if the input data could not be validated then this class is used to model the notification of the validation error to the user. Similar to Notification, it is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Error Notification variable contains the following information elements: 1. Affected Agent, describing the user who was notified. 2. Notification Proof, documenting how the user was notified, e.g. a screenshot of the error notification shown to the user.
has super-classes
Notificationc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Notify Userc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc

Evaluatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Evaluate

A planned step describing an evaluation, i.e. testing and producing evaluation metrics, that has some impact on the AI System, e.g. the evaluation of the ML model using a specified Dataset or the AI System undergoing a third party evaluation. This step has a member of the class Evaluation (or its subclass Third Party Evaluation) its expected output. If a deviation from the design specification(s) or guideline(s) takes place, then this step will also have as an output a member of the class Change Log.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc or Evaluationc or Third Party Evaluationc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Generate Guidelinec, Installc, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc, System Actionc, Train Userc

Evaluationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Evaluation

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a high level reference to testing at least one component and recording the results of the test(s) (e.g. testing the model with a specified dataset) that is expected to be produced during the implementation stage. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Evaluation variable contains the following information elements: 1. Either an instance of mls:EvaluationProcedure (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationProcedure (if it is not the ML model being evaluated). Either should also be an instance of RealizedObject. If the evaluation deviates from the design, then an additional instance of mls:EvaluationProcedure or EvaluationProcedure should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 2. Either an instance of mls:EvaluationMeasure (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationMeasure(if it is not the ML model being evaluated). If the evaluation deviates from the design, then an additional instance of mls:EvaluationMeasure or EvaluationMeasure should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 3. Either an instance of mls:ModelEvaluation (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationResult (if it is not the ML model being evaluated). If the evaluation deviates from the design, then an additional instance of mls:ModelEvaluation or EvaluationResult should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 4. The subclasses of Compliance Entity, namely, Hard Law and SoftLaw It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the Evaluation variable contains the following information elements: 1. The subclasses of Guidance, namely, System Deployment Guidance, SystemInstallationGuidance, UserTrainingGuidance, SystemOperationGuidance, SystemUsageGuidance, and SystemMaintenanceGuidance 2. Notification Proof
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Evaluatec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Third Party Evaluationc
is disjoint with
Design Specificationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Logc, System Datac, User Training Reportc

Evaluation Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#EvaluationDataset

A specific type of a Dataset Component which represents a subset of the whole collected and pre-processed datasets after they were merged then split to be fed into the ML Model. This specific type represents the data used to evaluate the ML Model. The other subsets are used to train and evaluate the model. This type can also represent a standalone dataset used to evaluate the model independent of the datasets used to train and validate it.
has super-classes
Dataset Componentc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc

Evaluation Measurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#EvaluationMeasure

A specific rains:EvaluationMeasure which records a specific piece of information detailing some measure used as part of an evaluation process of the Model Component. Imported defintion from ML-Schema: EvaluationMeasure is a measure to assess the performance of the model generated by the process that realizes the task. Examples are predictive accuracy or f-measure.
has super-classes
Evaluation Measurec

Evaluation Measurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#EvaluationMeassure

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing some measure used as part of an evaluation process. This is broader than mls:EvaluationMeassure which describes a measure related to a model performance.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Evaluation Measurec
is in domain of
hasEvaluationResultop
is in range of
isEvaluationResultOfop

Evaluation Procedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#EvaluationProcedure

A specific type of rains:EvaluationProcedure which records a specific piece of information detailing the procedure by which a Model Component was evaluated. Imported Definition from ML-Schema: EvaluationProcedure is a technique to evaluate machine learning models. Examples are cross-validation and leave-one-out.
has super-classes
Evaluation Procedurec

Evaluation Procedurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#EvaluationProcedure

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing the procedure by which some aspects of an :AI_Sytem were evaluated. This is broader than mls:EvaluationProcedure which relates to model evaluation.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Evaluation Procedurec

Evaluation Resultc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#EvaluationResult

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing the result of an evaluation process. This is broader than mls:EvaluationMeassure which describes a result related to a specific model evaluation.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Model Evaluationc
is in domain of
computedOnDecisionThresholddp, computedOnSlicedp, hasResultLowerBounddp, hasResultUpperBounddp, hasResultValuedp, isEvaluationResultOfop
is in range of
hasEvaluationResultop

Evaluation Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#EvaluationSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the description of a planned evaluation process. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to EvaluationSpecification contains the following information elements: 1. Either an instance of mls:EvaluationProcedure (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationProcedure (if it is not the ML model being evaluated). 2. Either an instance of mls: EvaluationMeasure (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationMeasure (if it is not the ML model being evaluated). 3. If available: Either an instance of mls:ModelEvaluation (if it is the model being evaluated) or EvaluationResult (if it is not the ML model being evaluated). 4. HardLaw 5. SoftLaw It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the Evaluation Specification contains the following information elements: 1. SystemIntegrationGuidance 2. SystemDeploymentGuidance 3. SystemDocumentationGuidance 4. SystemIntegrationGuidance 5. SystemUsageGuidance
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc

Excluded Objectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ExcludedObject

A sao:InformationElement which records information detailing a piece of data, software or hardware that should have been realized but was not. For example, assume the dataset design specification specifies that dataset foobar is to be realised (to be used to train the model), but the implementation team realises dataset xyzzy instead. In this case, the dataset foobar should be indicated by the implementation team as an Excluded Object - whereas the dataset xyzzy should be created as an instance of :RealizedObject.
has super-classes
information elementc
is disjoint with
Realized Objectc

Explainc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Explain

A planned step that has some impact on the output of AI System where a Supporting Infrastrcuture component explains an output produced either by a Model Component or a Supporting Infrastructure Component. This step is typically part of the Operation stage (specifically Configuration or Runtime stages) and has a member of the class Explanation as its expected output. This steps is not needed for model or supporting infrastructure components which can produce their own explanation. If a model or supporting infrastructure component can generate its own explanation, then they do by generating an explanation along with their outputs.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only Explanationc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Consentc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec

Explanationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Explanation

A specific type of planned System Data which represents an explanation of an output produced either by a Model Component or a Supporting Infrastructure Component. The Model Component may produced its own explanation and a Supporting Infrastrcuture component may produce an explanation for its own output, another Supporting Infrastrcuture component's output, or a Model component's output. If the AI System is involved in making decisions/recommendations/actions affecting human users, then it is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Explanation variable contains the following information elements: Affected Agent.
has super-classes
System Datac
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Aggregatec or Explainc or Generate Model Outputc or Generate Outputc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is in range of
hasExplanationop
is disjoint with
Configuration Datac, Notificationc, Runtime Input Datac, User Consentc, User Reviewc, Validationc

Explanation Notificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ExplanationNotification

A specific type of Notification which represents a notification of the explanation of an output to the user. Similar to Notification, it is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Explanation Notification variable contains the following information elements: 1. Affected Agent, describing the user who was notified. 2. Notification Proof, documenting how the user was notified, e.g. a screenshot of the explanation shown to the user.
has super-classes
Notificationc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Notify Userc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc

Fairness Or Bias Detection Softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#FairnessOrBiasDetectionSoftware

A sao:InformationElement (which is also an osw:Software and a prov:SoftwareAgent) which records information detailing a software that was used to detect bias or check for fairness in both the dataset which was used to train the ML Model as well as the ML model itself
has super-classes
softwarec

Fitness Confirmation Decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#FitnessConfirmationDecision

A specific type of planned human decision representing confirmation of fitness of some sao:AccountableResult t to its purpose.
has super-classes
Human Decisionc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Decidec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approval Decisionc, Compliance Assurance Decisionc

Fundingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Funding

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing a funding source.
has super-classes
information elementc

Generate Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#GenerateGuideline

A planned step describing the creation or editing of a guideline that has some impact on the AI System, e.g. the production of the deployment guideline describing how the AI System is to be deployed on-site or the editing of the maintenance guideline describing how the AI System is to be maintained. This step is typically part of the Implementation stage or the Deployment of an AI System's life cycle. It has members of the subclasses of Guideline as its expected output(s). If the step describes the editing of a previously-generated guideline, then it will also have as an output a member of the class Change Log.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc or Guidelinec or System Deployment Guidelinec or System Installation Guidelinec or System Maintenance Guidelinec or System Operation Guidelinec or System Usage Guidelinec or User Training Guidelinec
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Installc, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc, System Actionc, Train Userc

Generate Model Outputc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#GenerateModelOutput

A planned step that describes the generation of an output by a Model component of the AI System. This step is typically part of the Deployment or Operation Stages (specifically Installation or Configuration or Runtime stages) and has a member of the class Model Output as its expected output. It may also generate a member of the class Explanation as its output if it produces an explanation along with the output.
has super-classes
Generate Outputc
has output variableop only Explanationc or Model Outputc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Aggregatec, Overridec

Generate Outputc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#GenerateOutput

A planned step that describes the generation of an output or its explanation by the user or a component of the AI System, specifically a Supporting Infrastructure Component. While the Model Component may perform this step, it is advisable that it would perform its subclass Generate Model Component. This step is typically part of the Deployment or Operation Stages (specifically Installation or Configuration or Runtime stages) and has members of the class System Output or Explanation as its expected output.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only Explanationc or System Outputc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Aggregatec, Generate Model Outputc, Overridec
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Consentc, Explainc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec

Grant Certificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#GrantCertification

A planned step describing a certification granting decision to be taken by a human when incorporating accountability in AI Systems, e.g. grant an ISO certificate. This step has members of the class Certification Decision as its expected output.
has super-classes
Decidec
has output variableop only Certification Decisionc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc

Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Guidance

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing instructions that should be followed during the deployment or operation stage of the :AI_System lifecycle.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
System Deployment Guidancec, System Operation Guidancec

Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Guideline

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a high level reference to a guideline (e.g. a guideline document) that is expected to be produced during the implementation in order to inform on the correct procedure for deploying, using and maintaining the system or any of its components.
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
System Deployment Guidelinec, System Operation Guidelinec
is disjoint with
Dataset Componentc, Design Specificationc, Evaluationc, Human Decisionc, Logc, Model Componentc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc, System Datac, User Training Reportc

Hard Lawc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#HardLaw

A specific type of compliance entity which records a specific piece of information about the laws and regulations that must be, or are, complied with as part of an information realization collection. When used as part of an information realization corresponding to a design specification, it describes the hard laws that must be complied with. When used as part of an information realization corresponding to an realized component, it describes the hard laws that the component complies with.
has super-classes
Compliance Entityc
is disjoint with
Soft Lawc

Human Constraintc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#HumanConstraint

A specific type of planned ep-plan:Constraint that describes some constraint which cannot be evaluated automatically against the accountability trace. This can be, for example, because the constraint is too high level or difficult to express as a rule. Such constraint would be typically expected to be evaluated manually by a human.
has super-classes
constraintc
is disjoint with
Auto Constraintc

Human Decisionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#HumanDecision

A specific type of a planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a decision made by a human.
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Decidec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Approval Decisionc, Compliance Assurance Decisionc, Fitness Confirmation Decisionc
is disjoint with
Dataset Componentc, Design Specificationc, Evaluationc, Guidelinec, Logc, Model Componentc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc, System Datac, User Training Reportc

Hyperparameterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#HyperParameter

Imported Definition: Hyperparameter is a prior parameter of an implementation, i.e., a parameter which is set before its execution (e.g. C, the complexity parameter, in weka.SMO).
has super-classes
Parameterc

Implementation Stage Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ImplementationStageAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to the implementation stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Realize Component, Merge and Split Dataset, Evaluate, Generate Guideline, Grant Certification, and Decide.
has super-classes
accountability planc
includes stepop only Decidec or Evaluatec or Generate Guidelinec or Grant Certificationc or Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
includes variableop only Approval Decisionc or Certification Decisionc or Change Logc or Compliance Assurance Decisionc or Dataset Componentc or Evaluationc or Evaluation Datasetc or Fitness Confirmation Decisionc or Guidelinec or Human Decisionc or Model Componentc or Supporting Infrastructure Componentc or System Deployment Guidelinec or System Operation Guidelinec or Third Party Evaluationc or Training Datasetc or Validation Datasetc
is disjoint with
Deployment Stage Accountability Planc, Design Stage Accountability Planc, Operation Stage Accountability Planc

Incorrect Use Casec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#IncorrectUseCase

A type of :UseCase detailing a situation in which any component of :AI_System or the system as whole should not be used.
has super-classes
Use Casec
is disjoint with
Intended Use Casec

Installc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Install

A planned step describing how the AI system is installed during the Deployment stage. This action subsumes any integrations and configurations done as part of the installation. If any configurations are done after the system has been installed but before the Operation Stage, then the Accountable Action Configure is to be used to describe such configurations. This step has members of the classes Model Component, Supporting Infrastructure Component, Installation Log as its expected outputs. If a deviation from the guidelines takes place, then the step will also have as an output a member of the class Change Log.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc or Installation Logc or Model Componentc or Supporting Infrastructure Componentc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc, System Actionc, Train Userc

Installation Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#InstallationAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to installing the system as part of the deployment stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. Installation includes integration and any configuration done afterwards (but before any users run the system during the Operation Stage). This plan is a subplan of the Deployment Stage Accountability Plan. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Install, Configure, Provide System Input Data, Validate, Preprocess Input Data, Evaluate, and Decide.
has super-classes
Deployment Stage Accountability Planc

Installation Logc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#InstallationLog

A specific type of planned Log that describes how the AI system installation (and related integration and configuration) was done during the Deployment Stage.
has super-classes
Logc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Installc
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Change Logc

Intended Use Casec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#IntendedUseCase

A type of :UseCase detailing a situation in which any component of :AI_System or the system as whole is expected to be used.
has super-classes
Use Casec
is disjoint with
Incorrect Use Casec

Intended User Groupc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#IntendedUserGroup

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing the target user audience for the functionality of the overall :AI_System or the components used to develop such system (e.g., a reused public training dataset or a model would be associated with this information).
has super-classes
information elementc

Justifyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Justify

A planned step that records a user's justification to actions performed when operating the AI system, e.g. overriding a system output or a model output. This step is typically part of the Operation stage (specifically Runtime stage) and has a member of the class Change Log as its expected output.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc
is element of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Consentc, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec

license documentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/LicenseDocument

Imported definition: A legal document giving official permission to do something with a resource.
has super-classes
information elementc

Limitationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Limitation

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing the limitations of any aspect related to an :AI_System including the system as whole, its components (e.g., ML model), or associated processes (e.g., evaluation).
has super-classes
information elementc

Logc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Log

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a high level reference to logs of information pertaining either to Installation or Changes. This class has two subclasses: Installation Log and Change Log.The former is the result of the installation taking place during the Deployment stage (specifically Installation stage), and the latter of reflects changes which occur throughtout the Implementation, Deployment, and Operation Stages.
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Aggregatec or Configurec or Evaluatec or Generate Guidelinec or Installc or Justifyc or Merge and Split Datasetc or Overridec or Realize Componentc or Train Userc
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Change Logc, Installation Logc
is disjoint with
Dataset Componentc, Design Specificationc, Evaluationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Model Componentc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc, System Datac, User Training Reportc

Maintenance Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#MaintenanceAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to performing routine maintenance evaluations on the system as part of the operation stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. This plan is a subplan of the Operation Stage Accountability Plan. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Evaluate and Decide.
has super-classes
Operation Stage Accountability Planc

Manual Production Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ManualProductionAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to the producing manuals for usage and maintenance as part of the deployment stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. This plan is a subplan of the Deployment Stage Accountability Plan. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Generate Guideline and Decide.
has super-classes
Deployment Stage Accountability Planc

Merge and Split Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#MergeAndSplitDataset

A planned step that has some impact on the AI System where the dataset(s) used to produce the ML Model are merged and/or split. Merging takes place when there is more than one dataset in use. Typically, splitting a dataset component results in three subsets: Training Dataset, Validation Dataset, and Testing Dataset. This step is typically part of the Implementation stage of an AI System's life cycle. If a deviation from the design specification takes place, then the step will also have as an output a member of the class Change Log.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc or Dataset Componentc or Evaluation Datasetc or Training Datasetc or Validation Datasetc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Installc, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc, System Actionc, Train Userc

Modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#Model

Imported Definition: Model is a generalization of a set of training data able to predict values for unseen instances. It is an output from an execution of a data mining algorithm implementation. Models have a dual nature. They can be treated as data structures and as such represented, stored and manipulated. On the other hand, they act as functions and are executed, taking as input data examples and giving as output the result of applying the function to a data example. Models can also be divided into global or local ones. A global model has global coverage of a data set, i.e., it generalizes the whole data set. A local model, such as a pattern set, is a set of local hypotheses, i.e. each applies to a limited region of the data set.
has super-classes
Realizable Objectc
Excluded Objectc or Realized Objectc
is disjoint with
Datasetc, Supporting Infrastructurec

model characteristicc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#ModelCharacteristic

Imported Definition: ModelCharacteristic is a distinguishing quality or property that distinguish one model from another. An example model characteristic may be interpretabilty or a complexity of the model. In RAInS, this includes the type of model, programming method, excluded features, emphasized features, decision thresholds, basis of prioritisation, semantics and similarity functions, editorial criteria, and type of uncertainty. Plus, how those were chosen. There are separate concepts that represent the algorithm and parameters.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

Model Componentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ModelComponent

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents the description of a realized ML Model, including it characteristics, performance, etc. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the ModelComponent variable contains the following information elements: 1. Model: the realized model should be an instance of RealizedObject. If the implementation deviates from the design, then an additional model should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 2. ModelCharacteristic 3. Algorithm 4. Limitation 5. Risk and its subclass Bias 6.Tradeoff 7. IntendedUserGroup 8. Parameter and its subclass Hyperparameter 9. The subclasses of Use Case, namely IncorrectUseCase and IntendedUseCase 10. The subclasses of Compliance Entity, namely, Hard Law and SoftLaw 11. LicenseDocument 12. Funding It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the ModelComponent variable contains the following information elements: 1. The following subclasses of Realizable Object Characteristic: SystemAuditMechanism, SystemExplanationMechanism, System Feedback from User Mechanism, System Human Oversight Mechanism, and SystemSecurityMechanism 2. The subclasses of Guidance, namely, System Deployment Guidance, SystemInstallationGuidance, UserTrainingGuidance, SystemOperationGuidance, SystemUsageGuidance, and SystemMaintenanceGuidance 3. Notification Proof
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Configurec or Installc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Design Specificationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Logc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc, System Datac, User Training Reportc

Model Evaluationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#ModelEvaluation

A specific rains:EvaluationResult which records a specific piece of information detailing the result of an evaluation process of a Model Component. Imported Definition from ML-Schema: ModelEvaluation is a setting of a value of the performance measure specified by the evaluation specification. It connects a measure specification with its value.
has super-classes
Evaluation Resultc

Model Outputc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ModelOutput

A specific type of planned System Output which describes an output generated by a Model Component. This does not represent explanations, so if the Model Component can also generate its own explanation for its outputs, then this Model compoenent will generate both a Model Output and an Explanation. If the AI System is involved in making decisions/recommendations/actions affecting human users, then it is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Model Output variable contains the following information elements: Affected Agent.
has super-classes
System Outputc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Model Outputc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Aggregation Resultc, Override Resultc

Model Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ModelSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the description of planned requirements, characteristics, performance, etc. related to an AI model. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to ModelSpecification contains the following information elements: 1. Model 2. ModelCharacteristic 3. Algorithm 4. Limitation 5. Risk and its subclass Bias, and if applicable FairnessOrBiasDetectionSoftware 6.Tradeoff 7. IntendedUserGroup 8. Parameter and its subclass Hyperparameter 9. The subclasses of Use Case, namely IncorrectUseCase and IntendedUseCase 10. The subclasses of Compliance Entity, namely, Hard Law and SoftLaw 11. LicenseDocument 12. Funding It is discouraged that the information realization corresponding to the ModelSpecification contains the following information elements: 1. The following subclasses of Realizable Object Characteristic: SystemAuditMechanism, SystemExplanationMechanism, System Feedback from User Mechanism, System Human Oversight Mechanism, and SystemSecurityMechanism 2. The subclasses of Guidance, namely, System Deployment Guidance, SystemInstallationGuidance, UserTrainingGuidance, SystemOperationGuidance, SystemUsageGuidance, and SystemMaintenanceGuidance 3. Notification Proof 4. Installation Log
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Specificationc, Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc

Notificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Notification

A specific type of planned System Data which describes a notification presented to the user of the AI System. This class has three subclasses: Disclaimer Notification, Error Notification, and Explanation Notification. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Notification variable contains the following information elements: 1. Affected Agent, describing the user who was notified. 2. Notification Proof, documenting how the user was notified, e.g. a screenshot of the a disclaimer shown to the user.
has super-classes
System Datac
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Notify Userc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Disclaimer Notificationc, Error Notificationc, Explanation Notificationc
is disjoint with
Configuration Datac, Explanationc, Runtime Input Datac, System Outputc, User Consentc, User Reviewc, Validationc

Notification Proofc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#NotificationProof

A sao:InformnationElement which records information describing the proof of a notification delivered to the user of the AI System, e.g. a screenshots of the a displayed diclaimer.
has super-classes
information elementc

Notify Userc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#NotifyUser

A planned step that reords that the AI system's user has been provided a certain notification, e.g. disclaimer that they are using an AI system or a notification of an error. This step is typically part of the Operation stage (specifically Configuration or Runtime stages) and has a member of the subclasses of Notification as its expected output.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only Disclaimer Notificationc or Error Notificationc or Explanation Notificationc or Notificationc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Consentc, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec

Operation Stage Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#OperationStageAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to the operation stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. This plan may be split into one of three sub-plans: Configuration Accountability Plan, Runtime Accountability Plan, and Maintenance Accountability Plan. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Notify User, Consent, Provide System Input Data, Preprocess Input Data, Validate, Configure, Generate Model Output, Explain, Generate Output, Aggregate, Override, Justify, Approve Output, Return Output, Actuate Output, Collect User Feedback, Evaluate and Decide.
has super-classes
accountability planc
has sub-classes
Configuration Accountability Planc, Maintenance Accountability Planc, Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Deployment Stage Accountability Planc, Design Stage Accountability Planc, Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Overridec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Override

A planned step that has some impact on the output of AI System where a user or a system component overrides some output. This step is typically part of the Operation stage (specifically Runtime Stage) and has a member of the class Override Result as its expected output. Note that this step is not related to the Decide step (which may have a member of the class Approval Decision as its expected output).
has super-classes
Generate Outputc
has output variableop only Override Resultc
is element of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Aggregatec, Generate Model Outputc

Override Resultc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#OverrideResult

A specific type of planned System Output which describes the results of overriding outputs produced by Model component(s) or Supporting Infrastrcuture component(s). If the AI System is involved in making decisions/recommendations/actions affecting human users, then it is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Override Result variable contains the following information elements: Affected Agent.
has super-classes
System Outputc
is element of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Overridec
is variable of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is in domain of
hasJustificationop
is disjoint with
Aggregation Resultc, Model Outputc

Parameterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Parameter

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information describing a model's parameter. This is broader than mls:HyperParameter which describes only a hyperparameter of a model.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Hyperparameterc

Preprocess Input Datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#PreprocessInputData

A planned step that has some impact on the output of AI System where the input data provided to the AI system is preprocessed by a Supporting Infrastructure component. This step is typically part of the Deployment or Operation stages (specifically Installation, Configuration, or Runtime stages). Depending on whether the data was configuration data or runtime data, the output of this step is either Configuration data or Runtime Input Data.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only Configuration Datac or Runtime Input Datac
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Consentc, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec

Produce Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ProduceSpecification

A planned step describing the creation of a specification that has some impact on the AI System, e.g. the production of the design specification describing the training dataset to be used. This step is typically part of the Design stage of an AI System's life cycle and has members of the subclasses of Design Specification as its expected output(s). It can also be part of the Implementation and Deployment (Installation) Stages as as to allow the creation of specifications related to evaluating the AI system.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Compliance Specificationc or Dataset Specificationc or Design Specificationc or Evaluation Specificationc or Model Specificationc or Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc or System Purpose Specificationc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Installc, Merge and Split Datasetc, Realize Componentc, System Actionc, Train Userc

Provide System Input Datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ProvideSystemInputData

A planned step indicating that input data has been provided to the AI system by a user or a Supporting Infrastructure Component. This step is typically part of the Deployment or Operation stage of the life cycle (specifically, the Installation, Configuration, or Runtime stages). Depending on whether the input data was configuration data or runtime data, the output of this step is either configuration data or runtime data.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only Configuration Datac or Runtime Input Datac
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Consentc, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec

Realizable Objectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#RealizableObject

A sao:InformationElement which records information detailing a piece of data, software or hardware that may be realized during the Implementation stage. A reused object (e.g., public training datasets) is also considered as :RealizableObject during the Design stage as it is not yet implemented (i.e., physical copies have not yet been integrated withing the ML pipeline)
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Datasetc, Modelc, Supporting Infrastructurec
is in domain of
hasRealizableObjectCharacteristicop
is in range of
isCharacteristicOfRealizableObjectop

Realizable Object Characteristicc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#RealizableObjectCharacteristic

A sao:InformationElement which records information detailing a specific quality of :RealizableObject.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Feedback From User Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc, algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc
is in domain of
isCharacteristicOfRealizableObjectop
is in range of
hasRealizableObjectCharacteristicop

Realize Componentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#RealizeComponent

A planned step describing the realization of a component. This includes implementing a component or retrieving it from a different (or third party) source. The realization of the component has some impact on the AI System, e.g. the implementation of the ML model or importing a third party dataset. This step has members of the class Dataset Component, Model Component, and Supporting Infrastructure Component as its expected output(s). If a deviation from the design specification(s) takes place, then the step will also have as an output a member of the class Change Log.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc or Dataset Componentc or Evaluation Datasetc or Model Componentc or Supporting Infrastructure Componentc or Training Datasetc or Validation Datasetc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Installc, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc, System Actionc, Train Userc

Realized Objectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#RealizededObject

A sao:InformationElement which records information detailing a piece of data, software or hardware that was realized - whether or not it followed a design specification or a guideline. For example, assume the dataset design specification specifies that dataset foobar is to be realised (to be used to train the model), but the implementation team realises dataset xyzzy. In this case, only dataset xyzzy is created as an instance of Realized Object.
has super-classes
information elementc
is disjoint with
Excluded Objectc

Return Outputc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ReturnOutput

A planned step that describes returning an output by the AI System. This step is typically part of the Operation stage (specifically Runtime stage) and has a member of the class System Output as its expected output.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only System Outputc
is element of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Actuate Outputc
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Consentc, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Validatec

Riskc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Risk

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing possible undesired or dangerous outcomes caused by any aspects of :AI_Sytem. If a mitigation strategy is used to abate the risk, then these can be indicated using the property :hasMitigationStrategy. It is advisable that information about the risk before and after mitigation is included.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Biasc
is in domain of
hasMitigationStrategydp

Runtime Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#RuntimeAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to running the system as part of the operation stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. This plan is a subplan of the Operation Stage Accountability Plan. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Notify User, Consent, Provide System Input Data, Preprocess Input Data, Validate, Generate Model Output, Explain, and Generate Output, Aggregate, Override, Justify, Approve Output, Return Output, Actuate Output, and Collect User Feedback.
has super-classes
Operation Stage Accountability Planc

Runtime Input Datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#RuntimeInputData

A specific type of planned System Data which represents the data used to operate the AI System during the Operation stage. For example, in a facial recognition AI system, the runtime data may be the picture of the user, the sensor data, and the environment data. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Runtime Input Data variable contains the following information elements: 1. Data Item 2. DataCollectionProcedure 3. DataPreprocesingProcedure. 4. Affected Agent if the AI System is involved in making decisions/recommendations/actions affecting human users and the input data can be linked to the affected human (whether they are a user or not).
has super-classes
System Datac
is element of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Preprocess Input Datac or Provide System Input Datac
is variable of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Configuration Datac, Explanationc, Notificationc, System Outputc, User Consentc, User Reviewc, Validationc

Soft Lawc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SoftLaw

A specific type of compliance entity which records a specific piece of information about the procedures, standards, protocols, etc that complying with is desired or encouraged as part of an information realization collection. When used as part of an information realization corresponding to a design specification, it describes the soft laws that are to be complied with. When used as part of an information realization corresponding to an realized component, it describes the soft laws that the component complies with.
has super-classes
Compliance Entityc
is disjoint with
Hard Lawc

softwarec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://ontosoft.org/software#Software

Imported definition: A Software is any piece of code that is described in Ontosoft. This could some visualisation software, software package, library, componentised scripts, etc. This can be subclassed if software categories with extra properties are required, otherwise one should use SoftwareTag to categorise software.
has super-classes
software agentc
agentc
information elementc
has sub-classes
Data Collection Softwarec, Data Preprocessing Softwarec, Fairness Or Bias Detection Softwarec

software agentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent

has super-classes
agentc
has sub-classes
softwarec

Supporting Infrastructurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SupportingInfrastructure

A type of :RealizableObject detailing the hardware and software 'plumbing' that is not generally considered part of the AI processes, however, may also be source of erroneous behaviour in :AI_System.
has super-classes
Realizable Objectc
Excluded Objectc or Realized Objectc
is disjoint with
Datasetc, Modelc

Supporting Infrastructure Componentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SupportingInfrastructureComponent

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents the characteristics, performance, etc. related to all the implemented hardware and software 'plumbing' that is not generally considered part of the AI processes, however, may also be source of erroneous behaviour in AI systems. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the SupportingInfrastructureComponent variable contains the following information elements: 1. SupportingInfrastructure, the realized supporting infrastructure should be an instance of RealizedObject. If the implementation deviates from the design, then an additional upporting infrastructure should be indicated as an instance of ExcludedObject. 2. Limitation 3. Risk its subclass Bias and FairnessOrBiasDetectionSoftware if applicable 4. Tradeoff 5. SystemAuditMechanism 6. SystemExplanationMechanims 7. SystemFeedbackfromUserMechanism 8. SystemHumanOversightMechanism 9. SystemSecurityMechanism 10. The subclasses of Compliance Entity, namely, Hard Law and SoftLaw 11. The subclasses of Use Case, namely IncorrectUseCase and IntendedUseCase
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Configurec or Installc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Dataset Componentc, Design Specificationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Logc, Model Componentc, System Datac, User Training Reportc

Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SupportingInfrastructureSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the specification description of planned requirements, characteristics, performance, etc. related to all the hardware and software 'plumbing' that is not generally considered part of the AI processes, however, may also be source of erroneous behaviour in AI systems. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to SupportingInfrastructureSpecification contains the following information elements: 1. SupportingInfrastructure 2. SystemAuditMechanism 3. SystemExplanationMechanim 4. SystemFeedbackfromUserMechanism 5. SystemHumanOversightMechanism 6. SystemSecurityMechanism 7. Limitation 8. Risk and its subclass Bias 9. Tradeoff 10. The subclasses of Compliance Entity, namely, Hard Law and SoftLaw 11. The subclasses of Use Case, namely IncorrectUseCase and IntendedUseCase
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Specificationc, Dataset Specificationc, Model Specificationc, System Purpose Specificationc

System Actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemAction

A planned step describing an action performed during the Deployment or Operation stages that has an impact on either a component of the system or an output of the system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. The actions may be done by a components of the system or by a user of the system. The specific outputs of the performed action depends on its type, as described more by the subclasses of this step.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Aggregation Resultc or Change Logc or Configuration Datac or Disclaimer Notificationc or Error Notificationc or Explanationc or Explanation Notificationc or Model Componentc or Model Outputc or Notificationc or Override Resultc or Runtime Input Datac or Supporting Infrastructure Componentc or System Outputc or User Consentc or User Reviewc or Validationc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Consentc, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc, Validatec
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Installc, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc, Train Userc

System Audit Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemAuditMechanism

A type of :RealizableObjectCharacteristic detailing how :AI_System may be interrogated about its inner processes and outputs produced.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

System Datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemData

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a high level reference to data provided to or generated by the AI system after it has been installed, whether during the Deployment or Operation stages.
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Actuate Outputc or Aggregatec or Collect User Feedbackc or Consentc or Explainc or Generate Model Outputc or Generate Outputc or Notify Userc or Overridec or Preprocess Input Datac or Provide System Input Datac or Return Outputc or System Actionc or Validatec
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Configuration Datac, Explanationc, Notificationc, Runtime Input Datac, System Outputc, User Consentc, User Reviewc, Validationc
is disjoint with
Dataset Componentc, Design Specificationc, Evaluationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Logc, Model Componentc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc, User Training Reportc

System Deployment Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemDeploymentGuidance

A specific type of Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the :AI_System should be deployed. It has two subclasses to further specify information related to installation and user training.
has super-classes
Guidancec
has sub-classes
System Installation Guidancec, User Training Guidancec

System Deployment Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemDeploymentGuideline

A specific type of :Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for the Deployment stage of the AI System. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Deployment Guideline variable contains the following information elements: 1. SystemInstallationGuidance 2. UserTrainingGuidance
has super-classes
Guidelinec
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
System Installation Guidelinec, User Training Guidelinec

System Explanation Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemExplanationMechanism

A type of :RealizableObjectCharacteristic detailing how :AI_System produces human readable clarifications and justifications of its inner processes and outputs produced.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

System Feedback From User Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemFeedbackFromUserMechanism

A type of :RealizableObjectCharacteristic detailing how :AI_System may receive feedback or review from its user(s) about its produced output(s).
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc

System Human Oversight Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemHumanOversightMechanism

A type of :RealizableObjectCharacteristic detailing how :AI_System integrates human operators in its decision processes to offer them the opportunity to stop, review, or alter the outputs produced by the system.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

System Installation Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemInstallationGuidance

A specific type of :Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the :AI_System should be installed. This includes any installations and integrations. It also includes any configurations that are done during the Deployment stage after the installation and integration, but before any user uses the system in the Operation Stage, for example, configuring an app to connect to WiFi as part of its installation.
has super-classes
System Deployment Guidancec

System Installation Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemInstallationGuideline

A specific type of System Deployment Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for the Installing AI System, including any integration and configuration done during the Deployment Stage. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Deployment Guideline variable contains the information element: SystemInstallationGuidance.
has super-classes
System Deployment Guidelinec
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc

System Maintenance Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemMaintenanceGuidance

A specific type of :Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the :AI_System should be maintained.
has super-classes
System Operation Guidancec

System Maintenance Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemMaintenanceGuideline

A specific type of System Operation Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for how the AI System should be maintained. Typically, such guidance takes the form of a manual. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Maintenance Guideline variable contains the following information element: SystemMaintenanceGuidance.
has super-classes
System Operation Guidelinec
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc

System Operation Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemOperationGuidance

A specific type of :Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the :AI_System should be used and maintained. This class has two subclasses to further specify information related to usage and maintenance.
has super-classes
Guidancec
has sub-classes
System Maintenance Guidancec, System Usage Guidancec

System Operation Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemOperationGuideline

A specific type of :Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for the Operation stage of the AI System. Typically, such guidance takes the form of a manual. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Operation Guideline variable contains the following information elements: 1. SystemUsageGuidance 2. SystemMaintenanceGuidance
has super-classes
Guidelinec
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
System Maintenance Guidelinec, System Usage Guidelinec

System Outputc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemOutput

A specific type of planned System Data which describes an output generated by the system, via its human user, its Model Component (s), or its Supporting Infrastrcuture Component (s). If the AI System is involved in making decisions/recommendations/actions affecting human users, then it is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Output variable contains the following information elements: Affected Agent.
has super-classes
System Datac
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Actuate Outputc or Aggregatec or Generate Model Outputc or Generate Outputc or Overridec or Return Outputc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
has sub-classes
Aggregation Resultc, Model Outputc, Override Resultc
is in domain of
hasConfidenceLeveldp, hasExplanationop, isFinalSystemOutputdp
is disjoint with
Configuration Datac, Notificationc, Runtime Input Datac, User Consentc, User Reviewc, Validationc

System Purpose Specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemPurposeSpecification

A specific type of design specification which represents the description of the purpose(s) for which an AI system is designed and used for. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to SystemPurposeSpecification contains the following information elements 1. IntendedUserGroup 2. The subclasses of Use Case, namely IncorrectUseCase and IntendedUseCase
has super-classes
Design Specificationc
is element of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Produce Specificationc
is variable of planop only Design Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Compliance Specificationc, Dataset Specificationc, Evaluation Specificationc, Model Specificationc, Supporting Infrastructure Specificationc

System Security Mechanismc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemSecurityMechanism

A type of :RealizableObjectCharacteristic detailing how :AI_System may be safeguarded against adversarial attacks or potential breaches of security.
has super-classes
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is disjoint with
algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc

System Usage Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemUsageGuidance

A specific type of :Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the :AI_System should be used. This includes configuring the system by the user after it the deployment stage and its configurations have ended. For example, configuring an face detection app to recognise new users.
has super-classes
System Operation Guidancec

System Usage Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#SystemUsageGuideline

A specific type of System Operation Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for how the AI System should be used. Typically, such guidance takes the form of a manual. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Maintenance Guideline variable contains the following information element: SystemUsageGuidance.
has super-classes
System Operation Guidelinec
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Manual Production Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc

Third Party Evaluationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ThirdPartyEvaluation

A specific type of :Evaluation which represents an evaluation performed by a third party independent of the developers of the AI System.
has super-classes
Evaluationc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Evaluatec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc

TradeOffc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#TradeOff

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing tradeoffs to mitigate possible undesired or dangerous outcomes caused by any aspects of :AI_Sytem.
has super-classes
information elementc

Train Userc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#TrainUser

A planned step describing training user(s) to operate and/or maintain the AI System. This step is typically part of the Deployment Stage of an AI system's life cycle (specifically the User Training stage). This step has a member of the class User Training Report as its expected output. If a change has happened to deviate from how the guideline(s) indicate how training should have been done, then the step will also have as an output a member of the class Change Log.
has super-classes
accountable actionc
has output variableop only Change Logc or User Training Reportc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Decidec, Evaluatec, Generate Guidelinec, Installc, Merge and Split Datasetc, Produce Specificationc, Realize Componentc, System Actionc

Training Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#TrainingDataset

A specific type of a Dataset Component which represents a subset of the whole collected and pre-processed datasets after they were merged then split to be fed into the ML Model. This specific type represents the data used to train the ML Model. The other subsets are used to validate and evaluate the model. This accountable result is typically part of the Implementation stage of an AI System's life cycle.
has super-classes
Dataset Componentc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Use Casec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#UseCase

A sao:InformationElement which records a specific piece of information detailing a situation in which any component of :AI_System or the system as whole could potentially be used.
has super-classes
information elementc
has sub-classes
Incorrect Use Casec, Intended Use Casec

User Consentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#UserConsent

A specific type of planned System Data which represents the consent of the users to use or interact with the AI System.
has super-classes
System Datac
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Consentc
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Configuration Datac, Explanationc, Notificationc, Runtime Input Datac, System Outputc, User Reviewc, Validationc

User Reviewc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#UserReview

A specific type of planned System Data which represents the review of or feedback from the users to use on the final output of the AI System.
has super-classes
System Datac
is element of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Collect User Feedbackc
is variable of planop only Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Configuration Datac, Explanationc, Notificationc, Runtime Input Datac, System Outputc, User Consentc, Validationc

User Training Accountability Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#UserTrainingAccountabilityPlan

A plan that identifies sao:AccountableAction(s) and sao:AccountableResult(s) relevant to the training users as part of the deployment stage of an AI system and which are required to be documented for accountability purposes. This plan is a subplan of the Deployment Stage Accountability Plan. The Accountable Actions that can be done at this stage are: Train User and Decide.
has super-classes
Deployment Stage Accountability Planc

User Training Guidancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#UserTrainingGuidance

A specific type of :Guidance which records a specific piece of information about the guidance to how the users of the :AI_System should be trained to use and maintain the system. This is separate from the manuals, as those are expressed using SystemMaintenanceGuidance and SystemUsageGuidance.
has super-classes
System Deployment Guidancec

User Training Guidelinec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#UserTrainingGuideline

A specific type of System Deployment Guideline which represents the description of guidelines for the how to train the operators of the AI System on how to use and/or maintain the AI system. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the System Deployment Guideline variable contains the information element: UserTrainingGuidance.
has super-classes
System Deployment Guidelinec
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Generate Guidelinec
is variable of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Implementation Stage Accountability Planc or Maintenance Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc

User Training Reportc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#UserTrainingReport

A specific type of planned sao:AccountableResult which represents a high level reference to a report describing how the users of the AI system were trained on the usage and/or maintenance of the AI System. This report is expected to be produced during the deployment stage (preferably using the subplan User Training Accountability Plan). It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the User Training Report variable contains the following information elements: Affected Agent (where each instance of Affected Agent corresponds to a trainee).
has super-classes
accountable resultc
is element of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Train Userc
is step of planop only Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or User Training Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Dataset Componentc, Design Specificationc, Evaluationc, Guidelinec, Human Decisionc, Logc, Model Componentc, Supporting Infrastructure Componentc, System Datac

Validatec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Validate

A planned step that has some impact on the output of AI System where an output generated by a Supporting Infrastructure component or Model component is validated by a Supporting Infrastructure component. This step is typically part of the Deployment or Operation stages (specifically Installation, Configuration, or Runtime stages). This step has a member of the class Validation as its expected output.
has super-classes
System Actionc
has output variableop only Validationc
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is step of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Approve Outputc, Collect User Feedbackc, Configurec, Consentc, Explainc, Generate Outputc, Justifyc, Notify Userc, Preprocess Input Datac, Provide System Input Datac, Return Outputc

Validationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#Validation

A specific type of planned System Data which represents the information related to validating Configuration Data, Runtime Input Data, Model Output, or System Output.. It is advisable that the information realization corresponding to the Validation variable contains the following information elements: 1. Validation Result 2. Affected Agent if the AI System is involved in making decisions/recommendations/actions affecting human users.
has super-classes
System Datac
is element of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Validatec
is variable of planop only Configuration Accountability Planc or Deployment Stage Accountability Planc or Installation Accountability Planc or Operation Stage Accountability Planc or Runtime Accountability Planc
is disjoint with
Configuration Datac, Explanationc, Notificationc, Runtime Input Datac, System Outputc, User Consentc, User Reviewc

Validation Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ValidationDataset

A specific type of a Dataset Component which represents a subset of the whole collected and pre-processed datasets after they were merged then split to be fed into the ML Model. This specific type represents the data used to validate the ML Model. The dataset is typically used repeatedly during the hyperparameter tuning process. The other subsets are used to train and evaluate the model. This accountable result is typically part of the Implementation stage of an AI System's life cycle.
has super-classes
Dataset Componentc
is element of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc
is output variable ofop only Merge and Split Datasetc or Realize Componentc
is variable of planop only Implementation Stage Accountability Planc

Validation Resultc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#ValidationResult

A type of :RealizableObjectCharacteristic describing the results of validating Configuration Data, Runtime Input Data, Model Putput, or System Output.
has super-classes
information elementc

Object Properties

hasEvaluationResultop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasEvaluationResult

A relation that links some evaluation measure to one or more results produced for this measure.
has domain
Evaluation Measurec
has range
Evaluation Resultc
is inverse of
isEvaluationResultOfop

hasExplanationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasExplanation

A relation that links some system output to an explanation.
has domain
System Outputc
has range
Explanationc
is inverse of
is explanation ofop

hasJustificationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasJustification

A relation that links some override result to a justification.
has domain
Override Resultc
has range
Change Logc
is inverse of
isJustificationop

hasRealizableObjectCharacteristicop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasRealizableObjectCharacteristic

A relation that links a realizable object (e.g., model) to the information element describing its characteristic.
has domain
Realizable Objectc
has range
Realizable Object Characteristicc
is inverse of
isCharacteristicOfRealizableObjectop

includes stepop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ep-plan#includesStep

is inverse of
is step of planop

is explanation ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#isExplanationOf

A relation that links an explanation to some system output. This property is the inverse of hasExplanation.
is inverse of
hasExplanationop

is output variable ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ep-plan#isOutputVariableOf

has super-properties
top object property

isCharacteristicOfRealizableObjectop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#isCharacteristicOfRealizableObject

Inverse of hasRealizableObjectCharacteristic.
has domain
Realizable Object Characteristicc
has range
Realizable Objectc
is inverse of
hasRealizableObjectCharacteristicop

isEvaluationResultOfop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#isEvaluationResultOf

A relation that links a result to some evaluation measure for which the result was produced. This property is the inverse of hasEvaluationResult.
has domain
Evaluation Resultc
has range
Evaluation Measurec
is inverse of
hasEvaluationResultop

isJustificationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#isJustificationOf

A relation that links a justification to an override result. This property is the inverse of hasJustification.
is inverse of
hasJustificationop

Data Properties

computedOnDecisionThresholddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#computedOnDecisionThreshold

The decision threshold the metric that produced evaluation result was computed on. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
Evaluation Resultc

computedOnSlicedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#computedOnSlice

The description of slice that the metric which produced evaluation result was computed on. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
Evaluation Resultc

hasBase64Imagedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasBase64Image

A value indicating what an :InformationElement's base 64 image is in String format. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json
has domain
information elementc
has range
string

hasConfidenceLeveldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasConfidenceLevel

A value indicating the level of confidence in an output.
has domain
System Outputc
has range
decimal

hasInputFormatdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasInputFormat

A value describing the format of an input. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json
has range
string

hasMitigationStrategydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasMitigationStrategy

A value indicating what a :Risk's mitigation strategy is, expressed in String format. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json
has domain
Riskc
has range
string

hasOutputFormatdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasOutputFormat

A value describing the format of an output. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json
has range
string

hasResultLowerBounddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasResultLowerBound

The lower bound of the confidence interval. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
Evaluation Resultc

hasResultUpperBounddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasResultUpperBound

The upper bound of the confidence interval. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
Evaluation Resultc

hasResultValuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#hasResultValue

The description of the result value.

has characteristics : functional

has domain
Evaluation Resultc

isFinalSystemOutputdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#isFinalSystemOutput

A valuae indicating whether or not an output is the final output produced by the system.
has domain
System Outputc
has range
boolean

isReusedObjectdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#isReusedObject

A value indicating whether the :RealizableObject is a third party resource.

has characteristics : functional

has domain
softwarec or Excluded Objectc or Realizable Objectc or Realized Objectc
has range
boolean

versiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#version

A value indicating what a :RealizableObject's version is. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
softwarec or Excluded Objectc or Realizable Objectc or Realized Objectc
has range
string

versionDatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#versionDate

A value indicating what the version date of a :RealizableObject's is. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json

has characteristics : functional

has domain
softwarec or Excluded Objectc or Realizable Objectc or Realized Objectc
has range
date time

versionNotedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/rains#versionNote

A value describing a note about the version date of a :RealizableObject. Inspired by the Model Card Toolkit schema https://github.com/tensorflow/model-card-toolkit/blob/master/model_card_toolkit/schema/v0.0.1/model_card.schema.json
has domain
softwarec or Excluded Objectc or Realizable Objectc or Realized Objectc
has range
string

Annotation Properties

creatorap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator

descriptionap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/description

issuedap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/issued

licenseap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://creativecommons.org/ns#license

modifiedap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/modified

preferred namespace prefixap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespacePrefix

preferred namespace uriap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespaceUri

rightsap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/rights

titleap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/title

General Axioms

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

algorithmc, dataset characteristicc, model characteristicc, System Audit Mechanismc, System Explanation Mechanismc, System Human Oversight Mechanismc, System Security Mechanismc

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

Datasetc, Modelc, Supporting Infrastructurec

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

Approval Decisionc, Compliance Assurance Decisionc, Fitness Confirmation Decisionc

All Disjoint Classes back to ToC

Deployment Stage Accountability Planc, Design Stage Accountability Planc, Implementation Stage Accountability Planc, Operation Stage Accountability Planc

Namespace Declarations back to ToC

default namespace
https://w3id.org/rains#
ep-plan
https://w3id.org/ep-plan#
mls
http://www.w3.org/ns/mls#
ns
http://creativecommons.org/ns#
owl
http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
profiles
https://www.abdn.ac.uk/ncs/profiles/
prov
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
rdf
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
sao
https://w3id.org/sao#
software
http://ontosoft.org/software#
terms
http://purl.org/dc/terms/
vann
http://purl.org/vocab/vann/
w3id-org
https://w3id.org/
xsd
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

This HTML document was obtained by processing the OWL ontology source code through LODE, Live OWL Documentation Environment, developed by Silvio Peroni .